CN106246715B - 一种具有外环与内环滚珠轴承 - Google Patents

一种具有外环与内环滚珠轴承 Download PDF

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CN106246715B
CN106246715B CN201610442898.7A CN201610442898A CN106246715B CN 106246715 B CN106246715 B CN 106246715B CN 201610442898 A CN201610442898 A CN 201610442898A CN 106246715 B CN106246715 B CN 106246715B
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陈鹏
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Taizhou Longda science and Technology Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

一种滚珠滚珠轴承，其特征在于：包括：外环、内环、滚珠和保持器，外环与内环同轴连接设置，多个滚珠均匀分布在所述外环与所述内环之间，所述外环与所述内环之间固定有限制滚珠移动的保持器，滚珠表面涂覆有氮化硅‑氧化铝涂覆层，本发明铜基合金材料充分满足轴承外环和内环的强度要求；通过对滚珠外表面进行涂覆，提高材料的耐磨耐蚀性能，有效延长使用寿命。

Description

一种具有外环与内环滚珠轴承
技术领域
本发明涉一种滚珠轴承，属于轴承技术领域。
背景技术
滚珠轴承是滚动轴承的一种，将球形合金钢珠安装在内钢圈和外钢圈的中间，以滚动方式来降低动力传递过程中的摩擦力和提高机械动力的传递效率。滚珠轴承不能承受较大的重载荷，在轻工业机械中较常见。现有的滚珠轴承在耐磨性能耐腐蚀性能强度上都存在一定缺陷，使用寿命不长。
发明内容
一种滚珠轴承，其特征在于：包括：外环、内环、滚珠和保持器，外环与内环同轴连接设置，多个滚珠均匀分布在所述外环与所述内环之间，所述外环与所述内环之间固定有限制滚珠移动的保持器，滚珠表面涂覆有氮化硅-氧化铝涂覆层，
外环和内环主体材料选用铜合金
铜合金化学组成为（重量百分比）：Mn：12.8﹪、Ni：9.7﹪、Mo：4.9﹪，Al：2.8﹪、Mg：0.86﹪、Ti 0.76﹪、Zn：0.57﹪、Ca：0.18﹪、Cr：0.079﹪、B ：0.059﹪，Nb：0.037﹪、C：0.016﹪，Pr：0.016﹪，余量为Cu以及不可避免的杂质；
制造所述外环和内环包括以下步骤：按照上述铜合金化学成分配料，先将纯铜加入到熔炼炉中，炉温控制在1300℃，待纯铜熔化后，铜熔液温度升到1320℃加入锰铜中间合金，后将炉温升高到1340℃加入镍铜中间合金；后将炉温升高到1360℃加入钼铜中间合金；后将炉温升高到1380℃加入其他合金元素，后炉温升高到1400℃，加入精炼净化剂，精炼净化剂加入量为炉料量的0.9％，搅拌50分钟，静置100分钟，待渣与金属液分离，扒渣，后加入覆盖剂，覆盖剂总加入量为炉料量的0.6％，静置40分钟后再次扒渣，之后分别对外环和内环进行浇注；浇注温度为1300℃；得到的外环和内环坯料进行热处理：首先将外环和内环坯料进行加热升温至700℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温3小时，之后进行淬火处理，淬火介质为水，淬火后将外环和内环坯料从室温加热至500℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温4小时，后降温至350℃，降温速率60℃/小时，保温2小时，后再次降温至250℃，降温速率70℃/小时，保温5小时，后空冷至室温，
将内环和外环坯料升温至650℃，升温速率150℃/小时，保温1小时，之后水冷淬火，再次加热坯体至500℃保温3小时，出炉空冷至室温；坯体放入液氮中深冷处理5分钟，在空气中回升到室温；
深冷处理后对外环内表面进行堆焊，堆焊工艺为：200℃预热；堆焊时，电流为62A，电压为12V，堆焊速度为13mm/s，氩气流量为13L/min，堆焊层厚度为2.5mm，堆焊完成后缓慢冷却；堆焊层组成为：Al 14.7%，Mn 4.7%，Mg 2.8%，Co 0.59%，C 0.26%，Si 0.16%，W0.038%，余量为Zn；
对内环外表面进行堆焊，堆焊工艺为：190℃预热，堆焊时，电流为56A，电压为12V，堆焊速度为9mm/s，氩气流量为9L/min，堆焊层厚度为3mm，堆焊完成后缓慢冷却；堆焊层组成为：Si 12.7%，Cu 4.6%，Fe 2.8%，Zn 1.8%，V 0.87%，Cr 0.48%， Ni 0.057%，余量为Sn；
制造所述滚珠的方法步骤为：
按照滚珠主体材料元素组分进行熔炼，后进行铸造，得到坯料，滚珠主体材料由以下元素组成：C 0.26%，Si 3.7%，Cr 12.7%，Co 2.8%，Mo 1.9%，V 0.76%，Ti 0.46%，Zr0.26%，W 0.18%，Ni 0.058%，Al 0.039%， Ce 0.017%，余量为Fe及不可避免的杂质；
将坯料经过冷墩成型，锉削，软磨，热处理，硬磨，抛光，精研步骤得到滚珠主体，所述热处理步骤为，将软磨后滚珠升温至730℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温4小时，之后水冷淬火，再次加热滚珠至在500℃保温3小时，出炉空冷至室温；
将精研得到的滚珠主体进行表面涂覆，涂层组成为：氮化硅36份，氧化铝18份，涂层厚度10-20微米，得到最终的滚珠。
上述发明内容相对于现有技术的有益效果在于：1）本发明铜基合金材料充分满足轴承外环和内环的强度要求；2）对轴承外环和内环提高轴承的主体硬度硬度及强度抗蠕变性能，避免出现裂纹； 3）对轴承外环内表面和内环外表面进行堆焊处理使得轴承达到更高的耐磨性和耐疲劳性能，相应的耐腐蚀性能也得到提高；4）通过对滚珠外表面进行涂覆，提高材料的耐磨耐蚀性能，有效延长使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为滚珠轴承结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1所示一种滚珠轴承，其特征在于：包括：外环1、内环2、滚珠3和保持器(未示出)，外环1与内环2同轴连接设置，多个滚珠3均匀分布在所述外环1与所述内环2之间，所述外环1与所述内环2之间固定有限制滚珠移动的保持器，
实施例1
一种滚珠轴承，其特征在于：包括：外环、内环、滚珠和保持器，外环与内环同轴连接设置，多个滚珠均匀分布在所述外环与所述内环之间，所述外环与所述内环之间固定有限制滚珠移动的保持器，滚珠表面涂覆有氮化硅-氧化铝涂覆层，
外环和内环主体材料选用铜合金
铜合金化学组成为（重量百分比）：Mn：12.8﹪、Ni：9.7﹪、Mo：4.9﹪，Al：2.8﹪、Mg：0.86﹪、Ti 0.76﹪、Zn：0.57﹪、Ca：0.18﹪、Cr：0.079﹪、B ：0.059﹪，Nb：0.037﹪、C：0.016﹪，Pr：0.016﹪，余量为Cu以及不可避免的杂质；
制造所述外环和内环包括以下步骤：按照上述铜合金化学成分配料，先将纯铜加入到熔炼炉中，炉温控制在1300℃，待纯铜熔化后，铜熔液温度升到1320℃加入锰铜中间合金，后将炉温升高到1340℃加入镍铜中间合金；后将炉温升高到1360℃加入钼铜中间合金；后将炉温升高到1380℃加入其他合金元素，后炉温升高到1400℃，加入精炼净化剂，精炼净化剂加入量为炉料量的0.9％，搅拌50分钟，静置100分钟，待渣与金属液分离，扒渣，后加入覆盖剂，覆盖剂总加入量为炉料量的0.6％，静置40分钟后再次扒渣，之后分别对外环和内环进行浇注；浇注温度为1300℃；得到的外环和内环坯料进行热处理：首先将外环和内环坯料进行加热升温至700℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温3小时，之后进行淬火处理，淬火介质为水，淬火后将外环和内环坯料从室温加热至500℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温4小时，后降温至350℃，降温速率60℃/小时，保温2小时，后再次降温至250℃，降温速率70℃/小时，保温5小时，后空冷至室温，
将内环和外环坯料升温至650℃，升温速率150℃/小时，保温1小时，之后水冷淬火，再次加热坯体至500℃保温3小时，出炉空冷至室温；坯体放入液氮中深冷处理5分钟，在空气中回升到室温；
深冷处理后对外环内表面进行堆焊，堆焊工艺为：200℃预热；堆焊时，电流为62A，电压为12V，堆焊速度为13mm/s，氩气流量为13L/min，堆焊层厚度为2.5mm，堆焊完成后缓慢冷却；堆焊层组成为：Al 14.7%，Mn 4.7%，Mg 2.8%，Co 0.59%，C 0.26%，Si 0.16%，W0.038%，余量为Zn；
对内环外表面进行堆焊，堆焊工艺为：190℃预热，堆焊时，电流为56A，电压为12V，堆焊速度为9mm/s，氩气流量为9L/min，堆焊层厚度为3mm，堆焊完成后缓慢冷却；堆焊层组成为：Si 12.7%，Cu 4.6%，Fe 2.8%，Zn 1.8%，V 0.87%，Cr 0.48%， Ni 0.057%，余量为Sn；
制造所述滚珠的方法步骤为：
按照滚珠主体材料元素组分进行熔炼，后进行铸造，得到坯料，滚珠主体材料由以下元素组成：C 0.26%，Si 3.7%，Cr 12.7%，Co 2.8%，Mo 1.9%，V 0.76%，Ti 0.46%，Zr0.26%，W 0.18%，Ni 0.058%，Al 0.039%，Ce 0.017%，余量为Fe及不可避免的杂质；
将坯料经过冷墩成型，锉削，软磨，热处理，硬磨，抛光，精研步骤得到滚珠主体，所述热处理步骤为，将软磨后滚珠升温至730℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温4小时，之后水冷淬火，再次加热滚珠至在500℃保温3小时，出炉空冷至室温；
将精研得到的滚珠主体进行表面涂覆，涂层组成为：氮化硅36份，氧化铝18份，涂层厚度10-20微米，得到最终的滚珠。

Claims (1)

1.一种滚珠轴承，其特征在于：包括：外环、内环、滚珠和保持器，外环与内环同轴连接设置，多个滚珠均匀分布在所述外环与所述内环之间，所述外环与所述内环之间固定有限制滚珠移动的保持器，滚珠表面涂覆有氮化硅-氧化铝涂覆层，
外环和内环主体材料选用铜合金
铜合金化学组成为（重量百分比）：Mn：12.8﹪、Ni：9.7﹪、Mo：4.9﹪，Al：2.8﹪、Mg：0.86﹪、Ti 0.76﹪、Zn：0.57﹪、Ca：0.18﹪、Cr：0.079﹪、B ：0.059﹪，Nb：0.037﹪、C：0.016﹪，Pr：0.016﹪，余量为Cu以及不可避免的杂质；
制造所述外环和内环包括以下步骤：按照上述铜合金化学成分配料，先将纯铜加入到熔炼炉中，炉温控制在1300℃，待纯铜熔化后，铜熔液温度升到1320℃加入锰铜中间合金，后将炉温升高到1340℃加入镍铜中间合金；后将炉温升高到1360℃加入钼铜中间合金；后将炉温升高到1380℃加入其他合金元素，后炉温升高到1400℃，加入精炼净化剂，精炼净化剂加入量为炉料量的0.9％，搅拌50分钟，静置100分钟，待渣与金属液分离，扒渣，后加入覆盖剂，覆盖剂总加入量为炉料量的0.6％，静置40分钟后再次扒渣，之后分别对外环和内环进行浇注；浇注温度为1300℃；得到的外环和内环坯料进行热处理：首先将外环和内环坯料进行加热升温至700℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温3小时，之后进行淬火处理，淬火介质为水，淬火后将外环和内环坯料从室温加热至500℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温4小时，后降温至350℃，降温速率60℃/小时，保温2小时，后再次降温至250℃，降温速率70℃/小时，保温5小时，后空冷至室温，
将内环和外环坯料升温至650℃，升温速率150℃/小时，保温1小时，之后水冷淬火，再次加热坯体至500℃保温3小时，出炉空冷至室温；坯体放入液氮中深冷处理5分钟，在空气中回升到室温；
深冷处理后对外环内表面进行堆焊，堆焊工艺为：200℃预热；堆焊时，电流为62A，电压为12V，堆焊速度为13mm/s，氩气流量为13L/min，堆焊层厚度为2.5mm；堆焊完成后缓慢冷却；堆焊层组成为：Al 14.7%，Mn 4.7%，Mg 2.8%，Co 0.59%，C 0.26%，Si 0.16%，W 0.038%，余量为Zn；
对内环外表面进行堆焊，堆焊工艺为：190℃预热，堆焊时，电流为56A，电压为12V，堆焊速度为9mm/s，氩气流量为9L/min，堆焊层厚度为3mm；堆焊完成后缓慢冷却；堆焊层组成为：Si 12.7%，Cu 4.6%，Fe 2.8%，Zn 1.8%，V 0.87%， Cr 0.48%， Ni 0.057%，余量为Sn；
制造所述滚珠的方法步骤为：
按照滚珠主体材料元素组分进行熔炼，后进行铸造，得到坯料，滚珠主体材料由以下元素组成：C 0.26%，Si 3.7%，Cr 12.7%，Co 2.8%，Mo 1.9%，V 0.76%，Ti 0.46%，Zr 0.26%，W0.18%，Ni 0.058%，Al 0.039%，Ce 0.017%，余量为Fe及不可避免的杂质；
将坯料经过冷墩成型，锉削，软磨，热处理，硬磨，抛光，精研步骤得到滚珠主体，所述热处理步骤为，将软磨后滚珠升温至730℃，升温速率100℃/小时，保温4小时，之后水冷淬火，再次加热滚珠至在500℃保温3小时，出炉空冷至室温；
将精研得到的滚珠主体进行表面涂覆，涂层组成为：氮化硅36份，氧化铝18份，涂层厚度10-20微米，得到最终的滚珠。
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