CN106242650A - A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process - Google Patents

A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106242650A
CN106242650A CN201610568808.9A CN201610568808A CN106242650A CN 106242650 A CN106242650 A CN 106242650A CN 201610568808 A CN201610568808 A CN 201610568808A CN 106242650 A CN106242650 A CN 106242650A
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rubbish
cooking
conditioner
air blast
fermentation
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CN201610568808.9A
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Inventor
欧阳春平
张佳源
王超军
杨彪
曾祥斌
蔡彤旻
黄险波
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Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610568808.9A priority Critical patent/CN106242650A/en
Publication of CN106242650A publication Critical patent/CN106242650A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/092431 priority patent/WO2018014754A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04Biological compost
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process: 1) open blast apparatus;2) in compost groove, conditioner is laid;3) rubbish from cooking is poured on above-mentioned conditioner, then in rubbish from cooking, lays one layer of conditioner, then rubbish from cooking is poured on the conditioner completed, mix homogeneously, obtains mixed material;4) said mixture stockpile is become bar heap;5), after material piles with the whole piece groove of compost groove, bedding presses down smelly steam film;6) use intermittent air blast one time fermentation after 20 days 30 days, obtain fermentation residues;7) fermentation residues is transferred to another groove, repeats step 4) and 5), start intermittent air blast ferment in second time 7 days 14 days and get final product.The rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process of the present invention uses at the built-in heap of compost groove, decrease the diffusion of foul smell in rubbish from cooking transportation, use intermittent air blast simultaneously, it is possible to reduce turning and ensure aerobic fermentation in heap body, reducing the generation of foul smell, the compost quality obtained is high.

Description

A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic solid castoff cleaning process field, particularly to a kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic compost Technique.
Background technology
Rubbish from cooking belongs to the material that oils and fats is higher, and containing too much protein, cellulose etc. and the most smelly, belongs to tight Control refuse, its process seems difficult because the problems such as the most smelly, waste water are difficult to solve, the process one of current rubbish from cooking As take the operation such as landfill, there is relative defective, accordingly, it is capable to effectively solve rubbish from cooking, use the kitchen waste compost to be A kind of best processing method, very environmental protection.
At present, traditional kitchen waste compost method mainly has trough composting, a bar buttress formula compost and reactor compost three class: Trough composting method uses fermentation tank carrying compost material, and sweat typically completes in workshop, and fermenting speed is slow, easily causes Local anaerobic, the foul smell of generation is many.Material pile triangularity section or trapezoidal cross-section bar are directly piled up neatly by bar buttress formula compost method, The most outdoor bank up, but floor space is big, and in composting process, foul smell cannot be effectively controlled, and easily causes air pollution, and Amblent air temperature especially Precipitation Process is bigger to bar buttress formula compost influential effect.And reactor compost, sweat is typically at car In complete, need the Factory Building closed, cost of investment is high.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming and defect of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic Composting process, this rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process shortens fermentation time, and can reduce the generation of foul smell, and more than this kitchen The compost quality that rubbish high-efficiency aerobic composting process obtains is high.
The present invention realizes the purpose of the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process, comprises the steps:
1) open blast apparatus, keep continuous ventilating state, empty the eyelet of blocking;
2) in compost groove, one layer of conditioner is laid;
3) rubbish from cooking is poured on above-mentioned conditioner, then in rubbish from cooking, lays one layer of conditioner, then by rubbish more than kitchen Rubbish is poured on the conditioner completed, and mix homogeneously obtains mixed material;
4) said mixture stockpile is become bar heap;
5), after the material piling bar heap piles with the whole piece groove of compost groove, bedding presses down smelly steam film;
6) using intermittent air blast one time fermentation, intermittent air blast one time fermentation, after 20 days-30 days, obtains fermentation residues;
7) then fermentation residues is transferred to another groove of compost groove, repeats step 4) and step 5), start intermittent air blast Ferment in second time, intermittent air blast ferment in second time i.e. obtains the compost become thoroughly decomposed in 7 days-14 days.
Wherein, step 2) and step 3) in, the thickness of described conditioner is 4cm-40cm.Purpose is in compost trench bottom shape Become one layer of weaker zone, it is simple to air is diffused into the every nook and cranny of heap body from bottom.When the thickness of conditioner is too small, do not have enough Supporting role, there is partial oxygen more than kitchen between Organic substance not enough, cause fermentation time long;And when the thickness mistake of conditioner Greatly, can make organic treating capacity minimizing more than kitchen, input cost is too high.Wherein, described conditioner be by selected from garden garbage, One or more in branch, straw, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 0.5cm-20cm obtained.The moisture of described conditioner Content is low, and density is little, degradable, with kitchen more than Organic substance mix time this conditioner can play a supporting role and form space, Oxygen is enable to be diffused into the every nook and cranny of heap body.
Wherein, in step 3), described rubbish from cooking is 1:10-10:1 with the volume ratio of conditioner, the carbon nitrogen of mixed material Ratio is 10:1-40:1.Can be used to regulate unit weight, identical moisture condition by the volume ratio adjusting rubbish from cooking and conditioner Under, unit weight is the least, and the temperature in Composting Process rises the fastest, thus in compost, is referred to unit weight and judges aeration Improve effect.The carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed material is too high, and the sources of nitrogen needed for microbial growth is restricted, microbial reproduction Speed is low, and Organic substance decomposition rate is slow, and fermentation time is long;Organic Ingredients loss is big, and humification coefficient is low;And also result in Composting production carbon-nitrogen ratio is high, easily causes nitrogen starved plot, thus affect crop growth after being manured into soil.The carbon nitrogen of mixed material Being restricted than the energy source needed for too low microbial growth, fermentation temperature rises slowly, nitrogen excess with ammonia Form discharges, and organic nitrogen loss is big, also can distribute niff.Carbon-nitrogen ratio in reasonable adjusting composting material, is to accelerate heap Fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed, and improves the effective way of humification coefficient.
Wherein, in step 4), described in build up the waste height of bar heap be 1.3 meters-3.5 meters, it is therefore an objective to reach certain place Reason scale also obtains preferable ferment effect.When building the waste height of heap less than 1.3 meters, more than kitchen the place of the mixed material such as Organic substance Reason amount reduces, and heap body rapid heat dissipation, it is impossible to reach enough fermentation temperatures;When building the waste height of heap more than 3.5 meters, bank Long-pending too high cause bottom material compacting, be unfavorable for that inner air circulates, aerobic fermentation weak effect.
Wherein, in step 4) and step 7), described in build up bar heap the water content of heap body be 40wt%-70wt%.Moisture mistake Many, reduce porosity in heap body, affect air diffusion, easily cause anaerobic state;Moisture is less than 40%, and microbial activity reduces, Compost temperature declines therewith.
Wherein, in step 5), described in press down smelly steam film be a kind of functional membrane with special micropore, there is semi-permeable merit Can, it is possible to realize a more constant climatic environment, steam and carbon dioxide can be made to spread out from fermentation body, block sulfur Change passing through of the harmful gas such as hydrogen, ammonia.Bedding this press down smelly steam film, it is possible to microorganism manufacture one stablize suitable growth Environment, microorganism is quickly increased, it is possible to be greatly shortened fermentation time;The described smelly steam film that presses down uses Ge Er (GORE®) Closure systems.
Wherein, in step 6), the fermentation temperature of described intermittent air blast one time fermentation is 55 DEG C-80 DEG C, and the blow rate required is 33m3/ min-37m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 30 seconds-3 minutes and idle hours is 10 minutes-30 minutes.Adopt Use above-mentioned intermittent ventilation, it is possible to reduce turning and ensure aerobic fermentation in heap body, reduce foul smell and produce.
Wherein, in step 7), the fermentation temperature of described intermittent air blast ferment in second time is 55 DEG C-80 DEG C, and the blow rate required is 33m3/ min-37m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 30 seconds-3 minutes and idle hours is 10 minutes-30 minutes.Adopt Use above-mentioned intermittent ventilation, it is possible to reduce turning and ensure aerobic fermentation in heap body, reduce foul smell and produce.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that
1) the rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process of the present invention uses at the built-in heap of compost groove, decreases rubbish from cooking and transported The diffusion of the foul smell in journey, uses intermittent air blast simultaneously, it is possible to reduces turning and ensures aerobic fermentation in heap body, decreasing foul smell Generation.
2) the rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process bedding of the present invention presses down smelly steam film, it is possible to manufacture one to microorganism Stablizing the environment of suitable growth, microorganism is quickly increased, it is possible to be greatly shortened fermentation time.
3) compost quality that the rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process of the present invention obtains is high.
4) the rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process floor space of the present invention is little, and cost of investment is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrating the present invention below by detailed description of the invention, following example are the present invention preferably embodiment party Formula, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited by following embodiment.
The evaluation methodology of table 1 compost quality and the method for testing of each performance indications
Embodiment 1
A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process, comprises the steps:
1) open blast apparatus, keep continuous ventilating state, empty the eyelet of blocking;
2) laying a layer thickness in compost groove is the conditioner of 10cm;Described conditioner is by selected from garden garbage, branch, straw One or more in stalk, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 10cm obtained;
3) rubbish from cooking is poured on above-mentioned conditioner, then laying a layer thickness is the conditioner of 10cm in rubbish from cooking, Then rubbish from cooking is poured on the conditioner completed, mix homogeneously, obtains mixed material;Described conditioner is by selected from garden One or more in woods rubbish, branch, straw, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 10cm obtained;Described rubbish from cooking and tune The volume ratio of reason agent is 1:1, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed material is 25:1;
4) said mixture stockpile is become bar heap;The described waste height piling bar heap is 3.0 meters;Regulation piles the heap body of bar heap Water content be 55wt%;
5), after the material piling bar heap piles with the whole piece groove of compost groove, bedding presses down smelly steam film;
6) using intermittent air blast one time fermentation, intermittent air blast one time fermentation, after 25 days, obtains fermentation residues;Described intermittent air blast The fermentation temperature of one time fermentation is 65 DEG C, and the blow rate required is 35m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 2 minutes and stops The time of having a rest is 20 minutes;
7) then fermentation residues is transferred to another groove of compost groove, and the water content of the heap body building up bar heap is 55wt%, weight Multiple step 4) and step 5), start intermittent air blast ferment in second time;The fermentation temperature of described intermittent air blast ferment in second time is 65 DEG C, drum Air quantity is 35m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 2 minutes and idle hours is 20 minutes;Intermittent air blast secondary Ferment and i.e. obtain the compost become thoroughly decomposed in 10 days;The compost quality obtained is high.
Embodiment 2
A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process, comprises the steps:
1) open blast apparatus, keep continuous ventilating state, empty the eyelet of blocking;
2) laying a layer thickness in compost groove is the conditioner of 35cm;Described conditioner is by selected from garden garbage, branch, straw One or more in stalk, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 5cm obtained;
3) rubbish from cooking is poured on above-mentioned conditioner, then laying a layer thickness is the conditioner of 35cm in rubbish from cooking, Then rubbish from cooking is poured on the conditioner completed, mix homogeneously, obtains mixed material;Described conditioner is by selected from garden One or more in woods rubbish, branch, straw, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 5cm obtained;Described rubbish from cooking and tune The volume ratio of reason agent is 1:5, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed material is 15:1;
4) said mixture stockpile is become bar heap;The described waste height piling bar heap is 2.5 meters;Pile the containing of heap body of bar heap The water yield is 50wt%;
5), after the material piling bar heap piles with the whole piece groove of compost groove, bedding presses down smelly steam film;
6) using intermittent air blast one time fermentation, intermittent air blast one time fermentation, after 20 days, obtains fermentation residues;Described intermittent air blast The fermentation temperature of one time fermentation is 70 DEG C, and the blow rate required is 35m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 1 minute and stops The time of having a rest is 15 minutes;
7) then fermentation residues is transferred to another groove of compost groove, and the water content of the heap body building up bar heap is 50wt%, weight Multiple step 4) and step 5), start intermittent air blast ferment in second time;The fermentation temperature of described intermittent air blast ferment in second time is 70 DEG C, drum Air quantity is 35m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 1 minute and idle hours is 15 minutes;Intermittent air blast secondary Ferment and i.e. obtain the compost become thoroughly decomposed in 7 days;The compost quality obtained is high.
Embodiment 3
A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process, comprises the steps:
1) open blast apparatus, keep continuous ventilating state, empty the eyelet of blocking;
2) laying a layer thickness in compost groove is the conditioner of 4cm;Described conditioner is by selected from garden garbage, branch, straw One or more in stalk, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 0.5cm obtained;
3) rubbish from cooking is poured on above-mentioned conditioner, then laying a layer thickness is the conditioner of 4cm in rubbish from cooking, so After rubbish from cooking is poured on the conditioner completed, mix homogeneously, obtain mixed material;Described conditioner is by selected from gardens One or more in rubbish, branch, straw, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 0.5cm obtained;Described rubbish from cooking and tune The volume ratio of reason agent is 1:10, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed material is 40:1;
4) said mixture stockpile is become bar heap;The described waste height piling bar heap is 1.3 meters;Pile the containing of heap body of bar heap The water yield is 40wt%;
5), after the material piling bar heap piles with the whole piece groove of compost groove, bedding presses down smelly steam film;
6) using intermittent air blast one time fermentation, intermittent air blast one time fermentation, after 25 days, obtains fermentation residues;Described intermittent air blast The fermentation temperature of one time fermentation is 80 DEG C, and the blow rate required is 37m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 3 minutes and stops The time of having a rest is 30 minutes;
7) then fermentation residues is transferred to another groove of compost groove, and the water content of the heap body building up bar heap is 40wt%, weight Multiple step 4) and step 5), start intermittent air blast ferment in second time;The fermentation temperature of described intermittent air blast ferment in second time is 80 DEG C, drum Air quantity is 37m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 3 minutes and idle hours is 30 minutes;Intermittent air blast secondary Ferment and i.e. obtain the compost become thoroughly decomposed in 10 days;The compost quality obtained is high.
Embodiment 4
A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process, comprises the steps:
1) open blast apparatus, keep continuous ventilating state, empty the eyelet of blocking;
2) laying a layer thickness in compost groove is the conditioner of 40cm;Described conditioner is by selected from garden garbage, branch, straw One or more in stalk, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 20cm obtained;
3) rubbish from cooking is poured on above-mentioned conditioner, then laying a layer thickness is the conditioner of 40cm in rubbish from cooking, Then rubbish from cooking is poured on the conditioner completed, mix homogeneously, obtains mixed material;Described conditioner is by selected from garden One or more in woods rubbish, branch, straw, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 40cm obtained;Described rubbish from cooking and tune The volume ratio of reason agent is 10:1, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed material is 10:1;
4) said mixture stockpile is become bar heap;The described waste height piling bar heap is 3.5 meters;Pile the containing of heap body of bar heap The water yield is 70wt%;
5), after the material piling bar heap piles with the whole piece groove of compost groove, bedding presses down smelly steam film;
6) using intermittent air blast one time fermentation, intermittent air blast one time fermentation, after 30 days, obtains fermentation residues;Described intermittent air blast The fermentation temperature of one time fermentation is 55 DEG C, and the blow rate required is 33m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 30 seconds and stops The time of having a rest is 10 minutes;
7) then fermentation residues is transferred to another groove of compost groove, and the water content of the heap body building up bar heap is 70wt%, weight Multiple step 4) and step 5), start intermittent air blast ferment in second time;The fermentation temperature of described intermittent air blast ferment in second time is 55 DEG C, drum Air quantity is 33m3/min;In one air blast cycle, blasting time is 30 seconds and idle hours is 10 minutes;Intermittent air blast sends out two Secondary fermentation i.e. obtains the compost become thoroughly decomposed in 14 days;The compost quality obtained is high.
Comparative example 1
Exchange step 6) and the order of step 7), the other the same as in Example 1,44 days compost maturity time, whole sweat time To extend in 9 days, and the compost quality obtained.
Bad effect is:
1, intermittent air blast one time fermentation 10 days when, in groove, the fermentation of material entirety is complete, and in heap body, odor concentration is big, groove Interior material transfer causes foul smell environmental pollution.
2, intermittent air blast one time fermentation 10 days when, in groove, the fermentation of material entirety is complete, now by material transfer After another groove, heap body porosity reduces, so that the fermentation of intermittent air blast ferment in second time process is uneven, reduces compost The quality of product, and extend composting cycle.

Claims (8)

1. a rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) open blast apparatus, keep continuous ventilating state, empty the eyelet of blocking;
2) in compost groove, one layer of conditioner is laid;
3) rubbish from cooking is poured on above-mentioned conditioner, then in rubbish from cooking, lays one layer of conditioner, then by rubbish more than kitchen Rubbish is poured on the conditioner completed, and mix homogeneously obtains mixed material;
4) said mixture stockpile is become bar heap;
5), after the material piling bar heap piles with the whole piece groove of compost groove, bedding presses down smelly steam film;
6) using intermittent air blast one time fermentation, intermittent air blast one time fermentation, after 20 days-30 days, obtains fermentation residues;
7) then fermentation residues is transferred to another groove of compost groove, repeats step 4) and step 5), start intermittent air blast Ferment in second time, intermittent air blast ferment in second time i.e. obtains the compost become thoroughly decomposed in 7 days-14 days.
Rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) and step 3) In, the thickness of described conditioner is 4cm-40cm.
Rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described conditioner is One or more in garden garbage, branch, straw, tea stalks, Caulis Sacchari sinensis stalk are crushed to what 0.5cm-20cm obtained.
Rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3), described kitchen Remaining rubbish is 1:10-10:1 with the volume ratio of conditioner, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed material is 10:1-40:1.
Rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4), described in build The waste height becoming bar heap is 1.3 meters-3.5 meters.
Rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) and step 7) In, described in build up bar heap the water content of heap body be 40wt%-70wt%.
Rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 6), described between The fermentation temperature of air blast one time fermentation of having a rest is 55 DEG C-80 DEG C, and the blow rate required is 33m3/min-37m3/min;Drum in one air blast cycle The wind time is 30 seconds-3 minutes and idle hours is 10 minutes-30 minutes.
Rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 7), described between The fermentation temperature of air blast ferment in second time of having a rest is 55 DEG C-80 DEG C, and the blow rate required is 33m3/min-37m3/min;Drum in one air blast cycle The wind time is 30 seconds-3 minutes and idle hours is 10 minutes-30 minutes.
CN201610568808.9A 2016-07-19 2016-07-19 A kind of rubbish from cooking high-efficiency aerobic composting process Pending CN106242650A (en)

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PCT/CN2017/092431 WO2018014754A1 (en) 2016-07-19 2017-07-11 Efficient aerobic composting technology for kitchen garbage

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WO2018014754A1 (en) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-25 金发科技股份有限公司 Efficient aerobic composting technology for kitchen garbage
CN106699461A (en) * 2017-01-06 2017-05-24 广州市新之地环保产业有限公司 Compost material composition and composting method for preparing culture medium
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CN113714263A (en) * 2021-09-27 2021-11-30 广西长润环境工程有限公司 Kitchen waste treatment method and equipment
CN115057735A (en) * 2022-06-16 2022-09-16 西安智同天地环境工程有限公司 Nitrogen-preserving and phosphorus-fixing composting method and equipment

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