CN106238842A - Rotating mechanism and board for low-speed wire cutting linear cutter micro tool electrode - Google Patents
Rotating mechanism and board for low-speed wire cutting linear cutter micro tool electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN106238842A CN106238842A CN201610851598.4A CN201610851598A CN106238842A CN 106238842 A CN106238842 A CN 106238842A CN 201610851598 A CN201610851598 A CN 201610851598A CN 106238842 A CN106238842 A CN 106238842A
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009763 wire-cut EDM Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009760 electrical discharge machining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
- B23H7/08—Wire electrodes
- B23H7/10—Supporting, winding or electrical connection of wire-electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
For rotating mechanism and the board of low-speed wire cutting linear cutter micro tool electrode, described rotating mechanism includes: welding support, motor, connecting plate for electric motor, the first gear, the second gear, cog belt, main shaft room, main shaft, precision bearing, precision drill chuck head, bearing (ball) cover, sealing ring and gasket seal；Connecting plate for electric motor is arranged on the welding door-plate of welding support, and motor is arranged on connecting plate for electric motor and is connected with the first gear；Cog belt and the first gear and the second gear engage；Main shaft room is arranged on the welding base plate of welding support, main shaft support is indoor at main shaft, bearing (ball) cover is installed at the two ends of main shaft room, it is provided with gasket seal between bearing (ball) cover and main shaft room, it is provided with seal groove in the axis hole of bearing (ball) cover, installing sealing ring in seal groove, one end of main shaft is connected with the second gear, and the other end is connected with precision drill chuck head.The invention enables the low speed wire electrical discharge machine platform being mounted with rotating mechanism can process the micro tool with rotary structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wire cut electrical discharge machining, in particular to a rotating mechanism and a machine table for machining a micro tool electrode by low-speed wire cut electrical discharge machining.
Background
As Micro-machines and Micro-Electro-Mechanical systems (MEMS) are gradually put into practical use, there is a strong need to manufacture various fine tools with complicated shapes, such as Micro milling cutter, Micro probe, Micro stepped shaft, etc., to implement the processing of Micro holes, Micro grooves, etc., or to use the fine tools as electrodes in the electrical discharge machining process, so that the high precision and high quality preparation of the fine tools will play an important role in promoting and promoting the development of Micro-electromechanical systems.
The electric spark machining is a special machining method for removing conducting material by using the electric erosion action generated during pulse discharge between two electrodes immersed in working liquid. The electric discharge machining has unique advantages in the field of machining of fine parts with the advantages that it is non-contact, is not limited by material strength and hardness, and can achieve a desired removal unit by a method of controlling discharge energy.
The electric spark grinding and the block electrode electric spark grinding are conventional machining methods of fine tools, but the electric spark grinding equipment is expensive and low in machining efficiency, and is only limited to machining a fine shaft with a simple revolving body structure; the spark erosion grinding of the block electrode has the advantages of simple device, low cost and convenient installation, but the machining precision of the micro-fine tool is low and the taper is easy to appear due to the loss and the changed machining gap of the block electrode, so that the diameter of the micro-fine tool is not easy to control.
The wire cut electric discharge machine has the characteristics of high efficiency and flexibility in machining, the wire cut electric discharge machine comprises a high-speed wire-moving wire cutting machine and a low-speed wire-moving wire cutting machine, and the high-speed wire-moving wire cutting machine is of a flushing type, so that the high-speed wire-moving wire cutting machine can be modified to machine a workpiece with a rotary structure, namely, machining of a micro tool can be realized, but the high-speed wire-moving wire cutting machine has the defects, such as low precision of a control system, repeated use of electrode wires and the like, and the machined workpiece cannot reach the size of less than 100 mu m, so that the size of the machined micro tool can be limited, and the machined micro tool has low precision and poor surface quality. The multi-time cutting technology and the high-precision control system of the low-speed wire-travelling wire cutting machine can ensure the quality of machined parts, but the low-speed one-way wire-travelling wire electric discharge wire cutting machine is in five-axis linkage, can realize the machining of upper and lower special-shaped and complex straight-line curved surfaces, but cannot realize the machining of a revolving body micro-fine tool with incomplete penetration or a tool with a local micro-revolving structure, and the low-speed wire-travelling wire cutting machine is immersed, the whole machining process is carried out in working solution, so that the machining of the micro-fine tool with the revolving structure by the low-speed wire-travelling wire cutting machine faces serious challenges.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the cost of machining a fine tool by using an electric spark grinding device is high, the size of the fine tool machined by using a modified high-speed wire-feeding wire cutting machine table cannot reach less than 100 micrometers, and the machined fine tool has low precision and poor surface quality in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a rotating mechanism for machining a fine tool electrode by using low-speed wire-feeding wire cutting, which comprises:
the welding support, the motor connecting plate, the first gear, the second gear, the toothed belt, the main shaft chamber, the main shaft, the two precision bearings, the precision drill chuck, the two bearing end covers, the sealing ring and the sealing gasket;
the welding bracket comprises a welding door plate and a welding bottom plate, the welding door plate is perpendicular to the welding bottom plate, and a groove body penetrating through the thickness of the welding door plate is arranged on the welding door plate;
the motor connecting plate is arranged on the welding door plate, a through hole is formed in the motor connecting plate, the motor is arranged on the motor connecting plate, and an output shaft of the motor penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the first gear;
the toothed belt is respectively meshed with the first gear and the second gear, and the diameter of the first gear is smaller than that of the second gear;
the main shaft chamber is installed on the welding bottom plate, the two ends of the main shaft are respectively supported in the main shaft chamber through a precision bearing, a bearing end cover is respectively installed at the two ends of the main shaft chamber, a sealing gasket is arranged between each bearing end cover and the main shaft chamber, a shaft hole is formed in each bearing end cover, at least two sealing grooves are formed in each shaft hole, a sealing ring is installed in each sealing groove, one end of the main shaft sequentially penetrates through the shaft hole in one bearing end cover and the groove body on the welding door plate is connected with a second gear, the other end of the main shaft penetrates through the shaft hole in the other bearing end cover and is connected with a precision drill chuck, and the precision drill chuck is used for installing a micro tool base.
The welding support further comprises two welding rib plates, the two welding rib plates are vertically fixed on two sides of the welding door plate, and each welding rib plate is also perpendicular to the welding bottom plate.
The motor connecting plate is formed by bending two ends of a flat plate in the same direction, and comprises a first bracket fixing sub-plate, a second bracket fixing sub-plate and a motor fixing sub-plate;
the motor fixing sub-plate is positioned between the first support fixing sub-plate and the second support fixing sub-plate, the through hole is formed in the motor fixing sub-plate, the motor is installed on the motor fixing sub-plate, and an output shaft of the motor penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the first gear;
the first support fixing sub-board and the second support fixing sub-board are respectively provided with a strip hole, the strip holes in the first support fixing sub-board are sequentially penetrated through bolts, the welding door plate is arranged, and the strip holes in the second support fixing sub-board are sequentially penetrated through bolts, and the welding door plate is arranged.
The spindle chamber comprises a bottom plate connecting plate and a spindle cavity positioned on the bottom plate connecting plate, and the spindle cavity is positioned in the middle of the bottom plate connecting plate;
the bottom plate connecting plate is arranged on the welding bottom plate through bolts;
a main shaft mounting hole, two bearing mounting holes and two bearing end cover mounting holes are formed in the main shaft cavity, two ends of the main shaft mounting hole are respectively communicated with one bearing mounting hole, and each bearing mounting hole is communicated with one bearing end cover mounting hole;
the precision bearing is installed in each bearing installation hole, the bearing end cover is installed in each bearing end cover installation hole, the main shaft is located in the main shaft installation hole, and the two ends of the main shaft sequentially penetrate through the precision bearing and the shaft hole of the bearing end cover.
One end of the main shaft is provided with a flat key groove, a flat key is arranged in the flat key groove, and one end of the main shaft is connected with the second gear through the flat key.
One end of the main shaft is provided with a conductive brush connecting groove for connecting with a conductive brush.
And the spindle chamber, the spindle and the bearing end cover are coated with corrosion-resistant waterproof paint.
The material of the toothed belt is polyurethane.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a low-speed wire-moving cutting machine table, wherein the machine table is provided with a rotating mechanism;
and the welding bottom plate of the rotating mechanism is arranged on the workbench of the machine table and can perform feeding motion together with the workbench in the horizontal direction.
The machine table further comprises a conductive brush pressing plate, a switching frame and a conductive brush;
the conductive brush is welded on the conductive brush pressing plate and connected with the conductive brush connecting groove of the main shaft, the conductive brush pressing plate is welded and fixed with one end of the switching frame, and the other end of the switching frame is fixed with the motor connecting plate through a bolt.
In the embodiment of the invention, by designing the rotating mechanism for the low-speed wire-moving cutting machining micro tool electrode, the rotating mechanism is arranged on a workbench of a low-speed wire-moving cutting machine table, a micro tool matrix to be processed is arranged on a precision drill chuck of the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism can drive the micro tool matrix to do rotating motion while doing feeding motion along with the workbench in the horizontal direction, the electrode wire of the low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine table moves downwards in the vertical direction, the micro tool matrix is used as the anode of electric spark machining, the electrode wire is used as the cathode of the electric spark machining, therefore, the low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine can machine a micro tool with a revolving structure or a revolving structure locally, and the machined micro tool can be used as a micro tool electrode for electric spark machining and can also be used as a micro cutter after being subjected to surface treatment according to actual conditions; compared with the electric spark grinding equipment, the low-speed wire-moving cutting machine table provided with the rotating mechanism has lower cost, and can process various micro tools with complex rotary structures; compared with the improved high-speed wire-moving cutting machine, the low-speed wire-moving cutting machine provided with the rotating mechanism can process micro tools with smaller diameter, better surface quality and higher precision. The main shaft chamber of the rotating mechanism forms a closed cavity under the action of the sealing gasket and the sealing ring, so that working liquid cannot enter the main shaft chamber to corrode a precision bearing supporting the main shaft, the mounting precision of the main shaft is guaranteed, and the machining precision of a micro tool is further guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic mechanism diagram of a rotating mechanism for low-speed wire-cut machining of a fine tool electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding support according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of a rotary mechanism mounted on a table of a low-speed wire-cut electrical discharge machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary mechanism mounted on a worktable of a low-speed wire-cut electrical discharge machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor connecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding support according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-speed wire-moving cutting machine equipped with a rotating mechanism according to a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a spindle chamber provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a spindle housing provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the connection of the conductive brush, the conductive brush connecting plate and the adapter according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive brush connecting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein,
1, welding a bracket, 101 welding a door plate, 102 welding a bottom plate and 103 welding a rib plate; 2, a motor; 3, a motor connecting plate, 31 a first bracket fixing sub-plate, 32 a second bracket fixing sub-plate and 33 a motor fixing sub-plate; 4 a first gear; 5 a second gear; 6 a toothed belt; 7 spindle chamber, 71 bottom plate connecting plate and 72 spindle cavity; 8, a main shaft, 81 flat key grooves and 82 conductive brush connecting grooves; 9 precision bearings; 10 precision drill chuck; 11 bearing end caps; 12, sealing rings; 13 a fine tool substrate; 14, a workbench; 15 conductive brush pressing plates and 151 welding grooves; 16, a transfer frame; 17 a conductive brush; 18 wire electrodes;
a, welding a groove body on a door plate; b, a through hole on the motor connecting plate; a shaft hole on the bearing end cover C and a sealing groove in the shaft hole C1; d, a main shaft mounting hole; e, bearing mounting holes; and F, bearing end cover mounting holes.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the problems that the cost of machining a fine tool by using an electric spark grinding device is high, the size of the fine tool machined by using a modified high-speed wire-feeding wire cutting machine cannot reach below 100 micrometers, and the machined fine tool has low precision and poor surface quality in the prior art, an embodiment of the invention provides a rotating mechanism for machining an electrode of the fine tool by using low-speed wire-feeding wire cutting, and the rotating mechanism comprises:
the welding support comprises a welding support 1, a motor 2, a motor connecting plate 3, a first gear 4, a second gear 5, a toothed belt 6, a main shaft chamber 7, a main shaft 8, two precision bearings 9, a precision drill chuck 10, two bearing end covers 11, a sealing ring 12 and a sealing gasket;
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the welding support 1 includes a welding door panel 101 and a welding bottom plate 102, the welding door panel 101 is perpendicular to the welding bottom plate 102, and a groove body a penetrating through the thickness of the welding door panel 101 is formed in the welding door panel 101;
referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the motor connecting plate 3 is mounted on the welding door plate 101, a through hole B is formed in the motor connecting plate 3, the motor 2 is mounted on the motor connecting plate 3, and an output shaft of the motor 2 passes through the through hole B to be connected with the first gear 4;
referring to fig. 1, a toothed belt 6 is respectively meshed with a first gear 4 and a second gear 5, the diameter of the first gear 4 is smaller than that of the second gear 5;
referring to fig. 1 and 4, a spindle chamber 7 is mounted on a welding bottom plate 102, two ends of a spindle 8 are respectively supported in the spindle chamber 7 through a precision bearing 9, two ends of the spindle chamber 7 are respectively mounted with a bearing end cover 11, a sealing gasket is arranged between each bearing end cover 11 and the spindle chamber 7, referring to fig. 6, each bearing end cover 11 is provided with a shaft hole C, each shaft hole C is provided with at least two sealing grooves C1, each sealing groove C1 is provided with a sealing ring 12, referring to fig. 4 and 1, one end of the spindle 8 sequentially penetrates through the shaft hole C on one bearing end cover 11 and a groove body a on a welding door plate 101 to be connected with a second gear 5, the other end penetrates through the shaft hole C on the other bearing end cover 11 to be connected with a precision drill chuck 10, and the precision drill chuck 10 is used for mounting a fine tool base.
As shown in fig. 7 and referring to fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, the welding bottom plate 102 of the rotating mechanism may be mounted on the worktable 14 of the existing low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine, so that the rotating mechanism and the worktable 14 can perform a feeding motion in a horizontal direction at a certain speed, the fine tool substrate 13 to be processed is mounted in the precision drill chuck 10, the motor 2 is started, the motor 2 can drive the first gear 4 to rotate, the first gear 4 can drive the second gear 5 to rotate through the toothed belt 6 during the rotation, the second gear 5 transmits a torque to the spindle 8, so that the spindle 8 drives the precision drill chuck 10 and the fine tool substrate 13 in the precision drill chuck 10 to rotate, and meanwhile, the rotating mechanism performs a feeding motion in a horizontal direction along with the worktable 14, the electrode wire 18 of the low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine moves downward at a certain wire-moving speed in a vertical direction, since both the table 14 and the rotating mechanism are electrically conductive, the fine tool base 13 serves as a positive electrode for the electric discharge machining, and the wire electrode 18 serves as a negative electrode for the electric discharge machining, so that the rotary structure can be machined on the fine tool base 13.
During the machining process, the worktable 14 and the fine tool base 13 mounted on the precision drill chuck 10 are immersed in the working fluid, the spindle chamber 7 is also immersed in the working fluid, the spindle 8 is mainly supported in the spindle chamber 7 by two precision bearings 9, and two ends of the spindle 8 respectively protrude through the shaft holes C of the bearing end caps 11, wherein the sealing gasket between each bearing end cap 11 and the spindle chamber 7 can prevent the working fluid from entering the spindle chamber 7 from the gap between the bearing end cap 11 and the spindle chamber 7, further, the inner ring of the sealing ring 12 mounted in each bearing end cap 11 is in close contact with the outer surface of the spindle 8, and the outer ring is in close contact with the groove bottom of the sealing groove C1, so that the sealing ring 12 can prevent the working fluid from entering the spindle chamber 7 through the shaft hole C of the bearing end cap 11 during the rotation process of the spindle 8, under the double-sealing action of the sealing gasket and the sealing ring 12, the working fluid can be effectively prevented from entering the main shaft chamber 7, in the process of processing the micro tool base body 13, the mounting position precision of the main shaft 8 can have important influence on the processing precision of the micro tool base body 13, the main shaft 8 is mounted in the main shaft chamber 7 through the precision bearing 9, if the precision bearing 9 is corroded by the working fluid, the mounting position of the main shaft 8 can be deviated, and further the processing precision is influenced, therefore, the precision bearing 9 is sealed in the main shaft chamber 7 through double sealing, the working fluid can be effectively prevented from entering the main shaft chamber 7 to corrode the precision bearing 9, and the processing precision of the rotating mechanism is ensured.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the sealing gasket may be an elastic rubber gasket, and the sealing ring 12 may be an elastic rubber O-ring, as shown in fig. 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, three sealing grooves C1 are provided in the shaft hole C of each bearing end cover 11, one sealing ring 12 is installed in each sealing groove C1, and the number of the sealing grooves C1 may be designed reasonably according to actual situations, and is not limited to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, both ends of the main shaft 8, the second gear 5, the toothed belt 6, the main shaft chamber 7, the main shaft 8 and the bearing end cover 11 are soaked in the working fluid, wherein the first gear 4 and the second gear 5 are made of aluminum alloy and are made of waterproof materials, the toothed belt 6 is made of polyurethane and is also made of waterproof materials, so that the transmission of the first gear 4, the second gear 5 and the toothed belt 6 is not influenced by the working fluid, and meanwhile, the main shaft 8, the main shaft chamber 7, the main shaft 8 and the bearing end cover 11 can be coated with corrosion-resistant waterproof paint to prevent the parts from being corroded by the working fluid in a long-time working process.
The use of the low-speed wire cutting machine equipped with the rotating mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention enables the machining of the fine tool substrate 13 into a fine tool, which can be used as an electrode of some electric discharge machining apparatuses, i.e., as a fine tool electrode, or a surface treatment of the machined fine tool, e.g., coating with abrasive grains, which can be used as a grinding rod; the micro-cutter can also be used as a micro-cutter, such as a double-edged micro-milling cutter, and can be used for processing micro-holes or micro-grooves after the strength of the micro-cutter is improved.
While the electric spark grinding equipment in the prior art can only machine a micro tool with a simple rotary structure, the rotating mechanism in the embodiment of the invention can machine a plurality of types of micro tools with complex rotary structures by a low-speed wire cutting machine table, such as a micro tool with a stepped shaft, a micro tool with a customized rotary curved surface, a micro tool with a conical surface and a micro tool with a cutting edge, and the micro tools can be used as a micro tool electrode or a micro cutting tool after being subjected to surface treatment according to actual conditions.
In the prior art, the diameter of a micro tool with a rotary structure, which can be processed by using a modified high-speed wire-feeding cutting machine table, is over 100 microns, and the processed micro tool has poor surface quality and low precision; by using The rotating mechanism in The embodiment Of The invention, a low-speed wire cutting machine can machine a micro tool with The diameter Of 30 μm, and meanwhile, The multiple cutting technology Of The low-speed wire cutting machine is applied to The machining process Of The micro tool, The machining process is divided into rough machining, semi-finish machining and finish machining, The machining efficiency and The surface quality are considered, so that The surface quality Of The machined micro tool is better, The surface roughness Ra (average Deviation Of contour calculation) is less than 0.5 μm, and The precision Of The machined micro tool is higher compared with The reciprocating wire conveying Of The high-speed wire cutting machine because The low-speed wire cutting machine is one-way wire conveying.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, two welding rib plates 103 may also be designed for the welding bracket 1, the two welding rib plates 103 are vertically fixed on both sides of the welding door panel 101, and each welding rib plate 103 is also vertical to the welding bottom plate 102. The welding rib plate 103 can play a role in reinforcing and resisting vibration for the welding support 1, and the integrity of the welding support 1 is improved. The welding door plate 101 and the welding bottom plate 102 can be connected by adopting a continuous fillet weld, and the welding rib plate 103, the welding bottom plate 102 and the welding door plate 101 can also be connected by adopting a fillet weld.
As shown in fig. 5, the motor connecting plate 3 is formed by bending both ends of a flat plate in the same direction, one end of the flat plate is bent to form a first bracket fixed sub-plate 31, the other end is bent to form a second bracket fixed sub-plate 32, and a portion between the first bracket fixed sub-plate 31 and the second bracket fixed sub-plate 32 is used as a motor fixed sub-plate 33;
as shown in fig. 5, and referring to fig. 4 and 8, a through hole B is formed on the motor fixing sub-plate 33, the motor 2 is mounted on the motor fixing sub-plate 33, and an output shaft of the motor 2 passes through the through hole B to be connected with the first gear 4;
as shown in fig. 5, the first bracket fixed sub-board 31 and the second bracket fixed sub-board 32 are provided with two elongated holes, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the first bracket fixed sub-board 31 and the second bracket fixed sub-board 32 are provided with two elongated holes, and may be designed according to the actual situation, as shown in fig. 9, bolts are sequentially passed through the elongated holes of the first bracket fixed sub-board 31 and the welded door panel 101, and bolts are sequentially passed through the elongated holes of the second bracket fixed sub-board 32 and the welded door panel 101 to fix the position of the motor 2, wherein the bolts may be tightened at any position in the elongated holes, the tightness of the cog belt 6 may be adjusted by adjusting the tightening position of the bolts in the elongated holes, and if the cog belt 6 is over-tightened, the first bracket fixed sub-board 31, the second bracket fixed sub-board 32 and the motor fixed sub-board 33 in fig. 9 may be moved downward, the bolt is screwed, at the moment, the motor 2 moves downwards along with the motor fixing sub-plate 33, and the output shaft of the motor 2 is connected with the first gear 4, so that the first gear 4 also moves downwards, the distance between the first gear 4 and the second gear 5 is reduced, and the problem that the toothed belt 6 is over-tightened is solved; if the toothed belt 6 is too loose, the first bracket fixing sub-plate 31, the second bracket fixing sub-plate 32 and the motor fixing sub-plate 33 in fig. 9 can be moved upwards, and then the bolts are tightened, at this time, the motor 2 can move upwards along with the motor fixing sub-plate 33, and because the output shaft of the motor 2 is connected with the first gear 4, the first gear 4 can also move upwards, so that the distance between the first gear 4 and the second gear 5 is increased, and the problem that the toothed belt 6 is too loose is solved.
As shown in fig. 1, and referring to fig. 10, the spindle chamber 7 includes a base connection plate 71 and a spindle cavity 72 located on the base connection plate 71, the spindle cavity 72 being located in the middle of the base connection plate 71;
the bottom plate connecting plate 71 is mounted on the welding bottom plate 102 through bolts, in the embodiment of the invention, three bolt holes are respectively arranged on the bottom plate connecting plate 71 at two sides of the spindle cavity 72, and the bottom plate connecting plate 71 is fixed on the welding bottom plate 102 through bolts to realize the positioning of the spindle chamber 7;
as shown in fig. 11, a main shaft mounting hole D, two bearing mounting holes E and two bearing end cover mounting holes F are arranged in the main shaft cavity 72, two ends of the main shaft mounting hole D are respectively communicated with one bearing mounting hole E, and each bearing mounting hole E is communicated with one bearing end cover mounting hole F;
as shown in fig. 4, and referring to fig. 1 and 11, a precision bearing 9 is installed in each bearing installation hole E, a bearing end cover 11 is installed in each bearing end cover installation hole F, the main shaft 8 is located in the main shaft installation hole D, and both ends of the main shaft 8 sequentially pass through the shaft holes C of the precision bearing 9 and the bearing end cover 11.
As shown in fig. 1, and referring to fig. 6 and 10, the edge of each bearing end cap 11 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes, and correspondingly, both ends of the main shaft cavity 72 are also provided with a plurality of bolt holes, each bolt hole on the bearing end cap 11 corresponds to one bolt hole on the main shaft cavity 72, after the main shaft 8 and the precision bearing 9 are placed in the main shaft cavity 72, the bearing end cap 11 is installed in the bearing end cap 11 hole, and the sealing gasket is installed between the bearing end cap 11 and the main shaft cavity 72, the bolt can sequentially pass through the bolt hole on the bearing end cap 11 and the bolt hole on the main shaft cavity 72, so as to install the bearing end cap 11 and the main shaft cavity 72 together, at this time, under the action of the bearing end cap 11, the sealing gasket and the sealing ring 12 located in the bearing end cap 11, the main shaft cavity 72 is a closed cavity, the working fluid cannot enter, and the corrosion of the precision bearing 9, the position precision of the main shaft 8 is ensured, and the machining precision of the micro-fine tool is further ensured.
As shown in fig. 12, for the spindle 8 in the embodiment of the present invention, a flat key groove 81 may be disposed at one end of the spindle 8, and a flat key is installed in the flat key groove 81, so that one end of the spindle 8 is connected to the second gear 5 through the flat key, and thus, when the second gear 5 rotates, the torque may be transmitted to the spindle 8, so that the spindle 8 drives the fine tool substrate 13 to rotate; similarly, the output shaft of the motor 2 may also be connected to the first gear 4 through a flat key, so as to transmit the output torque to the first gear 4.
As shown in fig. 12, in the embodiment of the present invention, an electrically conductive brush connecting groove 82 may be further disposed at one end of the main shaft 8, as shown in fig. 3, the electrically conductive brush connecting groove 82 is used for connecting with the electrically conductive brush 17, the rotating mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention is installed on a low-speed wire-moving cutting machine, the fine tool substrate 13 is installed on the precision drill chuck 10 of the rotating mechanism, and in the process of performing low-speed wire-moving cutting on the fine tool substrate 13, the electrically conductive brush 17 may improve the electrical conductivity of the entire main shaft 8, so that the current smoothly passes through the main shaft 8 without passing through the precision bearing 9, thereby preventing a sparking phenomenon between the main shaft 8 and the precision bearing 9, and being more beneficial to performing electric spark discharge machining on the fine tool substrate.
As shown in fig. 13, and referring to fig. 3 and 9, the conductive brush 17 may be welded to the conductive brush pressing plate 15, the conductive brush pressing plate 15 is welded and fixed to one end of the adapter bracket 16, and the other end of the adapter bracket 16 is fixed to the motor connecting plate 3 by a bolt.
As shown in fig. 14 and fig. 13, the conductive brush pressing plate 15 is provided with a welding groove 151, and the conductive brush 17 can be welded in the welding groove 151, as shown in fig. 13 and fig. 4 and 9, one end of the adapter bracket 16 is welded with the conductive brush pressing plate 15, and the other end can be fixed on the motor connecting plate 3 through four bolts, so that the position of the conductive brush 17 can be fixed, and in the process of rotating the main shaft 8, the conductive brush 17 is always slidably connected with the conductive brush connecting groove 82 of the main shaft 8.
In the embodiment of the invention, by designing a rotating mechanism for machining a micro tool electrode by low-speed wire-travelling cutting, installing the rotating mechanism on a workbench 14 of a low-speed wire-travelling cutting machine table, installing a micro tool substrate 13 to be machined on a precision drill chuck 10 of the rotating mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism can drive the micro tool substrate 13 to rotate while performing feed motion along with the workbench 14 in the horizontal direction, the wire electrode 18 of the low-speed wire-travelling cutting machine table simultaneously moves downwards in the vertical direction, the micro tool substrate 13 is used as a positive electrode of electric spark machining, the wire electrode 18 is used as a negative electrode of electric spark machining, so that the low-speed wire-travelling cutting machine table can machine a micro tool with a revolving structure or a partial revolving structure, and the machined micro tool can be used as a micro tool electrode of electric spark machining, the surface of the cutting tool can be treated according to actual conditions and then used as a fine cutting tool; compared with the electric spark grinding equipment, the low-speed wire-moving cutting machine table provided with the rotating mechanism has lower cost, and can process various micro tools with complex rotary structures; compared with the improved high-speed wire-moving cutting machine, the low-speed wire-moving cutting machine provided with the rotating mechanism can process micro tools with smaller diameter, better surface quality and higher precision. The main shaft chamber 7 of the rotating mechanism forms a closed cavity under the action of the sealing gasket and the sealing ring 12, so that working liquid cannot enter the main shaft chamber 7 to corrode the precision bearing 9 supporting the main shaft 8, the mounting precision of the main shaft 8 is guaranteed, and the machining precision of a fine tool is further guaranteed.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine with the rotating mechanism described in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and referring to fig. 7, a welding bottom plate 102 of the rotating mechanism may be mounted on a worktable 14 of the low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine, for example, bolt holes may be formed on the welding bottom plate 102 and the worktable 14 to fix the welding bottom plate 102 and the worktable 14 together by bolts, so that when the worktable 14 performs a feeding motion in a horizontal direction, the rotating mechanism is simultaneously driven to perform a further motion in the horizontal direction, and since the rotating mechanism is connected with the worktable 14, a fine tool substrate 13 mounted on the rotating mechanism is a positive electrode for electrical discharge machining, an electrode wire 18 of the low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine is used as a negative electrode for electrical discharge machining, the rotating mechanism drives the fine tool to perform a rotating motion, the worktable 14 drives the fine tool to perform a horizontal feeding motion, and the electrode wire 18 performs a vertical downward motion With the same action, the fine tool substrate 13 can be machined into a fine tool having a rotary structure or a partially rotary structure, and the machined fine tool can be used as a fine electrode in electric discharge machining.
As shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to increase the electrical conductivity in the electrical discharge machining process, a conductive brush pressing plate 15, an adapting frame 16 and a conductive brush 17 may be further disposed on the low-speed wire-moving cutting machine, the conductive brush 17 is welded on the conductive brush pressing plate 15, the conductive brush pressing plate 15 is welded and fixed with one end of the adapting frame 16, and the other end of the adapting frame 16 is fixed with the motor connecting plate 3 through a bolt, so that the conductive brush 17 is connected with the conductive brush connecting groove 82 of the spindle 8, and in the wire-moving cutting process, the conductive brush 17 can improve the electrical conductivity of the entire spindle 8, which is beneficial to performing electrical discharge machining on the fine tool substrate 13.
In the low-speed wire-moving cutting machine table in the embodiment of the invention, a rotating mechanism is arranged on a worktable 14, a micro tool substrate 13 to be processed is arranged on a precision drill chuck 10 of the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism can drive the micro tool matrix 13 to rotate while feeding along with the workbench 14 in the horizontal direction, the electrode wire 18 of the low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine moves downwards in the vertical direction, the micro tool matrix 13 is used as the anode of the electric spark machining, the electrode wire 18 is used as the cathode of the electric spark machining, therefore, the low-speed wire-moving linear cutting machine can machine a micro tool with a revolving structure or a revolving structure locally, and the machined micro tool can be used as a micro tool electrode for electric spark machining and can also be used as a micro cutter after being subjected to surface treatment according to actual conditions; compared with the electric spark grinding equipment, the low-speed wire-moving cutting machine table provided with the rotating mechanism has lower cost, and can process various micro tools with complex rotary structures; compared with the improved high-speed wire-moving cutting machine, the low-speed wire-moving cutting machine provided with the rotating mechanism can process micro tools with smaller diameter, better surface quality and higher precision. The main shaft chamber 7 of the rotating mechanism forms a closed cavity under the action of the sealing gasket and the sealing ring 12, so that working liquid cannot enter the main shaft chamber 7 to corrode the precision bearing 9 supporting the main shaft 8, the mounting precision of the main shaft 8 is guaranteed, and the machining precision of a fine tool electrode is further guaranteed.
Claims (10)
1. A rotary mechanism for low-speed wire-cut machining of a fine tool electrode, the rotary mechanism comprising:
the device comprises a welding support (1), a motor (2), a motor connecting plate (3), a first gear (4), a second gear (5), a toothed belt (6), a main shaft chamber (7), a main shaft (8), two precision bearings (9), a precision drill chuck (10), two bearing end covers (11), a sealing ring (12) and a sealing gasket;
the welding support (1) comprises a welding door plate (101) and a welding bottom plate (102), the welding door plate (101) is perpendicular to the welding bottom plate (102), and a groove body (A) penetrating through the thickness of the welding door plate (101) is arranged on the welding door plate (101);
the motor connecting plate (3) is arranged on the welding door plate (101), a through hole (B) is formed in the motor connecting plate (3), the motor (2) is arranged on the motor connecting plate (3), and an output shaft of the motor (2) penetrates through the through hole (B) to be connected with the first gear (4);
the toothed belt (6) is respectively meshed with the first gear (4) and the second gear (5), and the diameter of the first gear (4) is smaller than that of the second gear (5);
the main shaft chamber (7) is installed on the welding bottom plate (102), two ends of a main shaft (8) are supported in the main shaft chamber (7) through a precision bearing (9), bearing end covers (11) are installed at two ends of the main shaft chamber (7), a sealing gasket is arranged between each bearing end cover (11) and the main shaft chamber (7), a shaft hole (C) is formed in each bearing end cover (11), at least two sealing grooves (C1) are arranged in each shaft hole (C), a sealing ring (12) is installed in each sealing groove (C1), one end of the main shaft (8) sequentially penetrates through the shaft hole (C) in one bearing end cover (11) and the shaft hole (A) in the welding door plate (101) and is connected with a second gear (5), and the other end of the main shaft passes through the shaft hole (C) in the other bearing end cover (11) and is connected with a precision drill chuck (10), the precision drill chuck (10) is used for mounting a micro tool substrate (13).
2. The rotating mechanism for the low-speed wire-moving cutting machining micro tool electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the welding bracket (1) further comprises two welding rib plates (103), the two welding rib plates (103) are vertically fixed on two sides of the welding door plate (101), and each welding rib plate (103) is also vertical to the welding bottom plate (102).
3. The rotating mechanism for the electrode of the low-speed wire-moving cutting micro-tool according to claim 1, wherein the motor connecting plate (3) is formed by bending two ends of a flat plate in the same direction, and the motor connecting plate (3) comprises a first bracket fixing sub-plate (31), a second bracket fixing sub-plate (32) and a motor fixing sub-plate (33);
the motor fixing sub-plate (33) is positioned between the first support fixing sub-plate (31) and the second support fixing sub-plate (32), the through hole (B) is formed in the motor fixing sub-plate (33), the motor (2) is installed on the motor fixing sub-plate (33), and the output shaft of the motor (2) penetrates through the through hole (B) to be connected with the first gear (4);
all be equipped with rectangular hole on first support fixed sub-board (31) and second support fixed sub-board (32), pass rectangular hole on first support fixed sub-board (31) in proper order through the bolt with welding door plant (101) to and pass rectangular hole on second support fixed sub-board (32) in proper order through the bolt with welding door plant (101).
4. The rotating mechanism for the electrode of the micro tool for the cutting processing of the low-speed wire-moving cutting according to the claim 1, characterized in that the spindle chamber (7) comprises a bottom plate connecting plate (71) and a spindle cavity (72) positioned on the bottom plate connecting plate (71), wherein the spindle cavity (72) is positioned in the middle of the bottom plate connecting plate (71);
the bottom plate connecting plate (71) is installed on the welding bottom plate (102) through bolts;
a main shaft mounting hole (D), two bearing mounting holes (E) and two bearing end cover mounting holes (F) are formed in the main shaft cavity (72), two ends of the main shaft mounting hole (D) are respectively communicated with one bearing mounting hole (E), and each bearing mounting hole (E) is communicated with one bearing end cover mounting hole (F);
one is respectively installed in every bearing mounting hole (E) precision bearing (9), one is respectively installed in every bearing end cover mounting hole (F) bearing end cover (11), main shaft (8) are located in main shaft mounting hole (D), just one is all passed in proper order at the both ends of main shaft (8) precision bearing (9) and one shaft hole (C) of bearing end cover (11).
5. The rotating mechanism for the electrode of the low-speed wire-cut electrical discharge machining micro tool according to claim 1, wherein one end of the main shaft (8) is provided with a flat key groove (81), a flat key is installed in the flat key groove (81), and one end of the main shaft (8) is connected with the second gear (5) through the flat key.
6. A rotary mechanism for a low-speed wire-cut electrical discharge machining micro-tool electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one end of the main shaft (8) is provided with a conductive brush attachment groove (82) for attachment to a conductive brush (17).
7. A rotation mechanism for a low-speed wire-cut machining micro-tool electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spindle chamber (7), the spindle (8) and the bearing end cap (11) are coated with corrosion-resistant waterproof paint.
8. The rotating mechanism for the electrode of the low-speed wire-cut machining micro-tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the material of the toothed belt (6) is polyurethane.
9. A low speed wire cutting machine, characterized in that the machine comprises the rotating mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 8;
the welding bottom plate (102) of the rotating mechanism is arranged on a workbench (14) of the machine table and can perform feeding motion together with the workbench (14) in the horizontal direction.
10. The low-speed wire-moving cutting machine table as claimed in claim 9, further comprising a conductive brush pressing plate (15), an adapter frame (16) and a conductive brush (17);
the conductive brush (17) is welded on the conductive brush pressing plate (15), the conductive brush (17) is connected with the conductive brush connecting groove (82) of the main shaft (8), the conductive brush pressing plate (15) is welded and fixed with one end of the switching frame (16), and the other end of the switching frame (16) is fixed with the motor connecting plate (3) through a bolt.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610851598.4A CN106238842B (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2016-09-27 | Rotating mechanism and board for low-speed wire cutting linear cutter micro tool electrode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610851598.4A CN106238842B (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2016-09-27 | Rotating mechanism and board for low-speed wire cutting linear cutter micro tool electrode |
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| CN106238842B CN106238842B (en) | 2019-02-05 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108080760A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-29 | 大连大学 | Fine stick electrode clamping device |
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| CN106238842B (en) | 2019-02-05 |
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