CN110788425A - Main shaft execution device and method for electric spark machining of fillet-free regular hexagonal hole - Google Patents
Main shaft execution device and method for electric spark machining of fillet-free regular hexagonal hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN110788425A CN110788425A CN201911099348.XA CN201911099348A CN110788425A CN 110788425 A CN110788425 A CN 110788425A CN 201911099348 A CN201911099348 A CN 201911099348A CN 110788425 A CN110788425 A CN 110788425A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
A main shaft executing device and a processing method for processing a non-fillet regular hexagonal hole by electric spark belong to the field of electric spark processing. The problems of poor discharging effect of an erosion product, unstable discharging state and fillet machining in the electric spark forming process are solved. The method is characterized in that a sharp-angled electrode is manufactured by a slow-moving wire cutting method and is installed on a Leluo pentagonal cam, when the Leluo pentagonal cam performs rotation and revolution combined motion in a hexagonal sleeve, the sharp-angled electrode performs rotation motion and performs revolution motion around a regular hexagonal sleeve mandrel, and the combined motion track of the sharp-angled electrode is a standard regular hexagon, so that the electric spark machine can process a regular hexagon without a fillet. Due to the rotation and revolution motion of the sharp-angled electrode, an erosion product generated in the electric spark machining process can be brought out of a machining gap along with the motion of the sharp-angled electrode, the discharge of the erosion product is facilitated, and the machining efficiency and the machining depth-diameter ratio of the regular hexagonal hole can be remarkably improved. The method is mainly used for processing the fillet-free regular hexagonal hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric spark machining, in particular to a spindle executing device for electric spark machining of a non-fillet regular hexagonal hole and a machining method for machining the non-fillet regular hexagonal hole by applying the device.
Background
The regular hexagon structure is stable in stress and high in space utilization rate, the same materials are used for processing, and the required performance requirements are met by the regular hexagon structure in a mode of saving the most materials. The regular hexagonal hole has good structural performance, and is widely applied to layout design of a micro space structure, connection of precision parts and the like, for example, a micro hexagonal cavity in an MEMS microphone, hexagonal hole matching in precision connection, micro filter screen holes in a micro filter, a honeycomb tube in an optical fiber lead device and the like all adopt the regular hexagonal hole structure.
Regular hexagonal holes are widely applied, but the processing method of the regular hexagonal holes is single at present, and the traditional methods such as stamping, milling, electric spark forming and the like are relatively common processing methods. Due to the existence of cutting force, the milling machining can only machine some large-size and easy-to-cut workpieces, and in some hard metal materials which are difficult to machine, the traditional cutter is difficult to cut. In order to obtain higher processing precision and enhance the adaptability to various difficult-to-process materials, the special processing method is gradually and widely applied to the processing of complex cavities and difficult-to-process materials. Among them, electrolytic machining and electric spark machining are commonly used, but the electrolytic machining method has high machining cost and also has a pollution phenomenon. The electric spark machining has the advantages of non-contact machining, no limitation of the hardness of materials in the machining process, wide range of machinable materials and the like, is particularly suitable for machining special materials which are hard to work, such as high hardness, high strength, high melting point, high toughness, high brittleness and the like, but has the problems that chip removal is difficult, secondary discharge and other adverse factors are easy to generate to influence the machining precision and the like in the electric spark forming machining, and holes with larger depth-diameter ratio are difficult to machine; in the electric spark milling process, the rotation of the electrode and the flowing of working liquid can enable an erosion product generated in the electric spark processing process to be discharged along with the working liquid, and a hole with a larger depth-diameter ratio can be processed, but when the electric spark milling process is carried out, six corners of a regular hexagonal hole have larger round corners instead of standard regular hexagons, and the ideal effect is difficult to play in micro-precision matching and connection, so that the novel processing device and the processing method for processing the non-round-corner regular hexagonal hole by the electric spark have great significance on processing and application of the regular hexagonal hole structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a spindle execution device and a spindle processing method for processing a non-fillet regular hexagonal hole by electric spark, aiming at solving the problems that the chip removal is difficult when the regular hexagonal hole is processed by electric spark forming, the fillet exists when the regular hexagonal hole is processed by electric spark milling, the expected processing requirement is difficult to meet, and the like.
A main shaft executing device for processing a non-fillet regular hexagonal hole by electric spark is characterized by comprising a supporting plate, a direct current motor, a motor bracket, a universal coupling, a Luoluo pentagonal cam, a regular hexagonal sleeve and a sharp-angled electrode;
the direct current motor main shaft, the universal coupling, the reuleaux pentagon cam and the sharp-angled electrode are coaxially installed in sequence from top to bottom;
the Leluo pentagonal cam and the sharp-angled electrode are connected and clamped by adopting a screwing screw;
the sharp-angled electrode is a graphite electrode and is prepared by adopting a slow-feeding wire cutting processing method;
the Leluo pentagonal cam and the regular hexagonal sleeve are subjected to wear resistance treatment by adopting a thermal spraying technology;
the sharp-angle electrode is eccentrically arranged at the bottom of the Luo pentagonal cam, the Luo pentagonal cam performs rotation motion in the regular hexagonal sleeve and performs revolution motion around the mandrel of the regular hexagonal sleeve under the driving of the main shaft, the track of the compound motion is a regular hexagon, the sharp-angle electrode performs electric spark discharge machining according to the compound track of the rotation and the revolution, and the regular hexagon without a fillet can be swept.
The method for machining the fillet-free regular hexagonal hole by adopting the main shaft executing device for machining the regular hexagonal hole by adopting the electric spark comprises the following specific processes:
the method comprises the following steps: the main shaft executing device for processing the fillet-free regular hexagonal hole by the electric spark is arranged on an electric spark machine tool, a workpiece to be processed is fixed on a clamping device in a working liquid groove, and working liquid is filled into the working groove;
step two: adjusting the relative position of a sharp-angled electrode in the main execution device and a workpiece to be machined through a servo control system to enable the gap between the sharp-angled electrode and the workpiece to be machined to be at an initial machining position;
step three: the positive pole and the negative pole of the pulse power supply are respectively connected with a sharp-angled electrode and a workpiece to be machined, the direct current motor starts to work after being electrified, the output main shaft transmits torque through the universal coupling to drive the Luoluo pentagonal cam to rotate and simultaneously revolve around the spindle of the regular hexagonal sleeve, so that the sharp-angled electrode performs discharge machining according to the composite track of rotation and revolution, a standard round-corner-free regular hexagon is swept and machined, the gap voltage between the workpiece and the sharp-angled electrode is detected by the gap voltage detection device in real time, the servo control system receives information fed back by the gap voltage detection device and controls the motion of the electric spark machine tool in the Z-axis direction, so that the discharge gap between the sharp-angled electrode and the workpiece is controlled, the servo feed in the depth direction of the machined hole is performed to complete the machining of the round-corner-free regular hexagonal hole, and under the, the corrosion products generated in the machining process can be flushed out of the machining gap by the flowing working fluid.
Principle analysis: the invention utilizes the equal width of the Luoluo pentagon, so that the Luoluo pentagon cam can perform the composite motion of rotation and revolution in a smooth and completely attached manner in the boundary of the regular hexagon sleeve. Taking a regular hexagon with the side length unit of 1 as an example, as shown in fig. 2, a unit luxo pentagonal cam can move in the unit regular hexagonal sleeve in a fitting and stable manner, intersection points of a bottom arc and a lower side arc are a and C, intersection points of a top arc and an upper side arc are B and D, line segments AB and CD intersect at a point E, and when the luxo pentagonal cam performs composite motion of rotation in the regular hexagonal sleeve and revolution around a sleeve mandrel, a motion track of the point E is a standard round-corner-free regular hexagon. And (3) mounting the sharp-angle electrode at the bottom of the Lelo pentagon, enabling the tip of the sharp-angle electrode to coincide with the point E, and finally sweeping the sharp-angle electrode which performs the combined rotation and revolution motion into a regular hexagon without a round angle. The main shaft executing device for processing the fillet-free regular hexagonal hole by the electric spark is arranged on a Z shaft of an electric spark machine tool, and the detection device and the servo system perform servo feeding in the hole depth direction by controlling a discharge gap between the bottom surface of the electrode and a workpiece, so that the processing of the fillet-free regular hexagonal hole is realized. Under the combined rotation and revolution motion of the sharp-angled electrode, the corrosion products generated in the machining process can be washed by flowing working liquid and brought out of the machining gap.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the device, due to the rotation and revolution motions of the sharp-angled electrode in the working liquid, the working liquid washes the corrosion removal product out of the machining gap, so that the chip removal is facilitated, and the machining efficiency is improved; the electrode with the sharp-angled electrode doing the compound motion can be processed into a standard regular hexagon without round angles finally; the sharp-angle electrode takes graphite as an electrode material, the graphite electrode has the advantages of low price and the like, and the graphite electrode can form a carbon protective film to compensate the loss of the graphite electrode; the reuleaux pentagon cam and the regular hexagon sleeve are subjected to wear resistance treatment by adopting a thermal spraying technology, so that the wear resistance of the cam mechanism is improved, and the processing precision and the processing stability are improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spindle actuator for electric discharge machining of a non-fillet regular hexagonal hole according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the reuleaux pentagon in the regular hexagon socket;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the movement locus of the Luoluo pentagon in the regular hexagon sleeve and the processing locus of the sharp-angled electrode;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sharp-angled electrode;
description of reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a supporting plate, 2, a direct current motor, 3, a motor support, 4, a universal coupling, 5, a reuleaux pentagon cam, 6, a regular hexagon sleeve, 7, a sharp-angle electrode, 8 and a workpiece.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the spindle actuator for processing a non-fillet regular hexagonal hole by using electric spark according to the embodiment includes a support plate 1, a dc motor 2, a motor bracket 3, a universal coupling 4, a reuleaux pentagon cam 5, a regular hexagon sleeve 6, and a sharp-angled electrode clamp 7;
the motor support 3 and the regular hexagonal sleeve 6 are coaxially fixed on the supporting plate 1, a motor output shaft, the universal coupling 4, the luxo pentagonal cam 5 and the sharp-angle electrode 7 are sequentially and coaxially connected and installed, the luxo pentagonal cam 5 is completely attached and installed in the regular hexagonal sleeve, the motor drives the main shaft to rotate after being electrified, and the main shaft is connected with the universal coupling 4 to drive the luxo pentagonal cam 5 and the sharp-angle electrode 7 to do autorotation motion and revolution motion around the mandrel of the regular hexagonal sleeve;
the sharp-angle electrode 7 is a graphite electrode; the Leluo pentagonal cam 5 and the regular hexagonal sleeve 6 are subjected to wear resistance treatment by adopting a thermal spraying technology;
the Leluo pentagonal cam 5 and the sharp-angled electrode 7 are connected and clamped by adopting a screwing screw;
referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the spindle actuator for electric discharge machining of a right hexagonal hole without a fillet, fig. 3 shows that a sharp-angled electrode 7 rotates clockwise, and the position of the electrode is changed every 30 degrees of rotation; the principle of the device is that the luxuo pentagon can perform smooth and completely attached rotation and revolution compound motion in the boundary of the regular hexagon, the rotation and revolution compound motion can enable the bottom surface of the electrode to be processed into the standard non-fillet regular hexagon by discharge sweeping due to the equal division of the luxuo pentagon, and the angular speed ratio of the rotation to the revolution is 5: 1;
the reuleaux pentagon cam 5 and the regular hexagon sleeve 6 in the embodiment are subjected to wear resistance treatment by adopting a thermal spraying technology, so that the wear resistance of the cam can be improved, and the processing stability and the processing precision are improved.
The second embodiment is as follows: the main shaft executing device for electric spark machining of the non-fillet regular hexagonal hole in the embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the reuleaux pentagon cam 5 and the sharp-angle electrode 7 are connected by threads, so that the connection is more compact, but a threaded electrode needs to be machined.
The third concrete implementation mode: the main shaft executing device for electric spark machining of the non-fillet regular hexagonal hole in the embodiment is different from the main shaft executing device for electric spark machining of the non-fillet regular hexagonal hole in the embodiment one or two in that the reuleaux pentagon cam 5 and the regular hexagon sleeve 6 can adopt heat treatment modes such as carburizing and quenching or nitriding to improve the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the cam mechanism, and compared with the embodiment one, the main shaft executing device has the advantage that secondary machining is not needed, but the heat treatment process is complicated.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the main shaft executing device for processing the fillet-free regular hexagonal hole by the electric spark is different from the first embodiment or the second embodiment in that a sharp-angled electrode can be processed into a hollow tube electrode, and working fluid can be introduced into the tube electrode for flushing fluid, so that the processing efficiency can be further improved, and chip removal is promoted.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method for processing a right hexagonal hole without a fillet by using a spindle executing device for electric discharge machining of a right hexagonal hole without a fillet according to a first embodiment is specifically implemented by:
the method comprises the following steps: the main shaft executing device for processing the fillet-free regular hexagonal hole by the electric spark is arranged on an electric spark machine tool, a workpiece 8 to be processed is fixed on a clamping device in a working liquid groove, and working liquid is filled into the working groove;
step two: adjusting the relative position of a sharp-angled electrode 7 in a main execution device and a workpiece 8 to be machined by a servo control system to enable the gap between the sharp-angled electrode and the workpiece to be machined to be at an initial machining position;
step three: the positive pole and the negative pole of a pulse power supply are respectively connected with a sharp-angled electrode 7 and a workpiece 8, a direct current motor 2 is electrified to start working, an output main shaft transmits torque through a universal coupling 4 to drive a Luoluo pentagonal cam 5 to rotate and simultaneously revolve around the spindle of a regular hexagonal sleeve 6, so that the sharp-angled electrode 7 performs electric spark discharge machining according to a composite track of rotation and revolution to sweep and machine a standard non-fillet regular hexagon, a gap voltage detection device detects the gap voltage between the workpiece 8 and the sharp-angled electrode 7 in real time, a servo control system receives information fed back by the gap voltage detection device and controls the movement of a machine tool in the Z-axis direction of electric spark, so that a discharge gap between the sharp-angled electrode 7 and the workpiece 8 is controlled, servo feeding in the depth direction of a machined hole is performed to complete machining of the non-fillet regular hexagonal hole, under the composite movement of rotation and revolution, the etching products generated during the machining process can be carried out of the machining gap by the flowing working fluid.
Claims (2)
1. A main shaft executing device for processing a non-fillet regular hexagonal hole by electric spark is characterized by comprising a supporting plate (1), a direct current motor (2), a motor support (3), a universal coupling (4), a Luoluo pentagonal cam (5), a regular hexagonal sleeve (6) and a sharp-angled electrode (7); a main shaft of the direct current motor (2), a universal coupling (4), a Luoluo pentagonal cam (5) and a sharp-angled electrode (7) are sequentially and coaxially mounted from top to bottom; the Leluo pentagonal cam (5) and the sharp-angled electrode (7) are connected and clamped by adopting a screwing screw; the sharp-angled electrode (7) is a graphite electrode and is prepared by adopting a slow-moving wire cutting processing method; the Leluo pentagonal cam (5) and the regular hexagonal sleeve (6) are subjected to wear resistance treatment by adopting a thermal spraying technology; the sharp-angle electrode (7) is eccentrically arranged at the bottom of the Luo pentagonal cam (5), the Luo pentagonal cam (5) performs rotation motion in the regular hexagonal sleeve (6) and performs revolution motion around the sleeve mandrel under the driving of the main shaft, and the track of the compound motion is a regular hexagon; the sharp-angle electrode (7) rotates and revolves around the central axis of the regular hexagon sleeve, the composite motion track is a standard regular hexagon, and the regular hexagon without round corners can be swept and processed in the electric spark discharge processing.
2. The method for processing the right hexagonal hole without the fillet by adopting the spindle executing device for processing the right hexagonal hole by the electric spark according to claim 1 comprises the following specific processes:
the method comprises the following steps: the main shaft executing device for processing the fillet-free regular hexagonal hole by the electric spark is arranged on an electric spark machine tool, a workpiece (8) to be processed is fixed on a clamping device in a working liquid groove, and working liquid is filled into the working groove;
step two: adjusting the relative position of a sharp-angled electrode (7) in the main execution device and a workpiece (8) to be machined through a servo control system to enable the gap between the sharp-angled electrode and the workpiece to be machined to be at an initial machining position;
step three: the positive pole and the negative pole of a pulse power supply are respectively connected with a sharp-angled electrode (7) and a workpiece (8) to be machined, a direct current motor (2) starts to work after being electrified, an output main shaft drives a Luoluo pentagonal cam (5) to rotate through a universal coupling (4) and simultaneously revolves around a spindle of a regular hexagonal sleeve (6), so that the sharp-angled electrode (7) performs discharge machining according to a composite track of rotation and revolution around the spindle of the regular hexagonal sleeve, a non-fillet regular hexagon is machined by sweeping, a gap voltage detection device detects gap voltage between the workpiece (8) and the sharp-angled electrode (7) in real time, a servo control system receives information fed back by the gap voltage detection device and controls the motion of an electric discharge machine tool in the Z-axis direction, so that a discharge gap between the sharp-angled electrode (7) and the workpiece (8) is controlled, and servo feeding in the depth direction of a machined hole is performed to complete machining of the non-fillet, under the combined motion of rotation and revolution of the sharp-angled electrode (7) around the sleeve mandrel, the corrosion products generated in the machining process can be washed by flowing working liquid and carried out of the machining gap.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111397834A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Processing method of large-caliber hypersonic wind tunnel honeycomb device |
CN113385706A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-14 | 重庆建设工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for machining regular polygon inner hole |
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US6339203B1 (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2002-01-15 | Sodick Co., Ltd. | Spindle system for diesink type electric discharge machine |
CN104551273A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏武进不锈股份有限公司 | Mechanical electric spark grooving device |
CN106041232A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Main shaft execution mechanism for electrical discharge machining device for machining square holes and machining method implemented through execution mechanism |
CN110026631A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of the main shaft executive device and processing method of electrical discharge machining hexagonal hole |
CN110385488A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-10-29 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of main shaft executive device and processing method of the electrical discharge machining without fillet hexagonal hole |
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2019
- 2019-11-12 CN CN201911099348.XA patent/CN110788425A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6339203B1 (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2002-01-15 | Sodick Co., Ltd. | Spindle system for diesink type electric discharge machine |
CN104551273A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏武进不锈股份有限公司 | Mechanical electric spark grooving device |
CN106041232A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Main shaft execution mechanism for electrical discharge machining device for machining square holes and machining method implemented through execution mechanism |
CN110026631A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of the main shaft executive device and processing method of electrical discharge machining hexagonal hole |
CN110385488A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-10-29 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of main shaft executive device and processing method of the electrical discharge machining without fillet hexagonal hole |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111397834A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Processing method of large-caliber hypersonic wind tunnel honeycomb device |
CN113385706A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-14 | 重庆建设工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for machining regular polygon inner hole |
CN113385706B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-04-07 | 重庆建设工业(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for machining regular polygon inner hole |
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Application publication date: 20200214 |