CN106224154B - Wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106224154B CN106224154B CN201610674309.8A CN201610674309A CN106224154B CN 106224154 B CN106224154 B CN 106224154B CN 201610674309 A CN201610674309 A CN 201610674309A CN 106224154 B CN106224154 B CN 106224154B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/04—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine or like blades from several pieces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The present invention relates to wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine and preparation method thereof, and the annular water flow amount of rotary wheel of water turbine wheel blade and annular hydrostatic energy are flowed to around rotary wheel of water turbine applied to control spiral case inner high speed flowing water.The wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine includes diffuser and guide vane teunnion；It is characterized in that diffuser is made of cast carbon steel diffuser body, stainless steel upper head plate, stainless steel bottom plate, stainless steel tailgate；The cast carbon steel diffuser body band body upper surface, body lower face, body caudal face, body rostral face；Weld angle in the body upper surface periphery upper surface of falling body；Weld angle in the body lower face periphery lower face of falling body；Weld angle in the body caudal face two sides caudal of falling body face；Body rostral face format body rostral face weld filler groove.Stainless steel bottom plate and body lower face are mutually compound.It is small with high abrasion cost performance welding hot melt quantity, prevent guide vane shaft distortion；The advantages that financial cost obtains effectively reducing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine and preparation method thereof, inside control spiral case
Swiftly flowing water flows to the annular water flow amount of rotary wheel of water turbine wheel blade and annular hydrostatic energy around rotary wheel of water turbine.
Background technology
Guide vanes of water turbine is the key component of turbine gate mechanism；Turbine gate mechanism is by array in rotary wheel of water turbine
On the one hand the numerous guide vanes of water turbine for circularizing distribution of surrounding control the total water current amount for flowing to rotary wheel of water turbine wheel blade, the opposing party
Face forms annular momentum, and the kinetic energy of snail shell-side fluid is converted into the static energy for flowing to runner blade.Turbine gate mechanism is also
The shut-off function of the hydraulic turbine in emergency situations is realized by guide vane.
During hydraulic turbine operation, by the voltage signal of power grid be automatically fed to the auxiliary device governors of turbine-generator units into
Action is made, and rotates folding by guide vane, hydraulic turbine discharge or normal shutdown is controlled, so guide vane general work state can be ceaselessly
Slow rotation, it is easy to wear that it rotates the axle journal of support level.And the abrasion of guide vane rotation support level then directly influences the hydraulic turbine
The flexibility of water distributor operation, leakproofness, is related to turbine efficiency and the performance of hydraulic turbine stable operation.Except guide vane teunnion axis
Neck is frayed to be influenced outside hydraulic turbine operation performance, rostral face, caudal face, upper surface and the lower face of diffuser in current by
Silt particle constantly washes away and easy to wear, if not having the sealing function to current in guide vane normal shutdown, unit will can not
Orderly closedown.So rotation support level, the both ends of the surface of diffuser and diffuser two found sideways wearability and often determine water
Turbine overhaul life or even the service life of the hydraulic turbine.
It is to spread weldering wear-resistant material, the method heavy workload in easy-wearing surface to improve the traditional method of guide vane wearability；Welding
When produce substantial amounts of thermal energy and make guide vane teunnion flexural deformation, it is necessary to weld layer enlarged in thickness or be straightened repeatedly to guide vane teunnion, add
Manufacture cost.Guide vanes of water turbine is generally steel-casting, and material is ordinary carbon steel or stainless steel.Common sand mold cast steel cost is low, casting
Steel part guide vane often there are burning into sand, stomata, it is loose the defects of, and guide vane is Precision Machining part, and manufacturing procedure is more, cycle length,
Occur casting flaw during finishing, the allowance left when stress deformation amount caused by repair welding is commonly greater than finishing, this
Sample result in workpiece can not repair welding and scrap.Cast stainless steel guide vane mostly using refining casting, has higher wearability, but
Casting technique is complicated, and material is precious metal, and manufacture is with high costs.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-wear resistance, the wear-resisting cast-weld construction of the hydraulic turbine that financial cost is low leads
Leaf.The present invention will also provide a kind of method for making the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine.
The technical scheme is that：The wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine, including diffuser and guide vane teunnion；
It is characterized in that：
(i) diffuser is by cast carbon steel diffuser body, stainless steel upper head plate, stainless steel bottom plate, stainless steel tailgate group
Into；The cast carbon steel diffuser body band body upper surface, body lower face, body caudal face, body rostral face；Described
Weld angle in the body upper surface periphery upper surface of falling body；Weld angle in the body lower face periphery lower face of falling body；The body
Weld angle in the caudal face two sides caudal of falling body face；Body rostral face format body rostral face weld filler groove；
(ii) guide vane teunnion is by cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body, upper axle journal coating, middle axle journal coating, lower axle journal coating, axis
The shoulder lantern ring, lower shaft shoulder lantern ring composition；The cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body includes axis, body axis, body lower axle on body；Institute
State on body axle journal surfacing on axis band；Axle journal surfacing in the body axis band；Axle journal surfacing under the body lower axle band；
(iii) body axis one end is integrally connected with axis on body, and the other end is vertical with body upper surface to be integrally connected；This
Body lower axle one end is vertical with body lower face to be integrally connected；
(iv) inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I is opened inside stainless steel upper head plate and body axis passes through hole, the body axis is worn
The via inner edge axis of falling body connects angle through eyelet welding；
(v) inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II is opened inside stainless steel bottom plate and body lower axle passes through hole, the body lower axle is worn
The via inner edge lower axle of falling body connects angle through eyelet welding；
(vi) stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides band stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle；
(vii) stainless steel upper head plate and body upper surface are mutually compound, pass through inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I soldering stainless steel materials
Stainless steel upper head plate and body upper surface are welded together, welding welded corner joint stainless steel material by body upper surface will be stainless
Steel upper head plate periphery welds together with body upper surface periphery；Welded corner joint stainless steel material is connect through eyelet welding by body axis
Middle axle journal periphery is welded together with stainless steel upper head plate；
(viii) stainless steel bottom plate and body lower face are mutually compound, pass through inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II soldering stainless steel materials
Material welds together stainless steel bottom plate and body lower face, and welding welded corner joint stainless steel material by body lower face will not
Rust steel bottom plate periphery welds together with body lower face periphery；It is stainless through the welding welded corner joint of hole inner edge by body lower axle
Steel material welds together on lower axle journal periphery with stainless steel bottom plate；
(ix) stainless steel tailgate welds angle by stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides and welded corner joint is welded not in body caudal face
Rust Steel material welds together with body caudal face；
(x) in the weld filler groove of body rostral face stainless steel material is filled by welding；
(xi) upper axle journal coating is deposited in upper axle journal surfacing by brush nickel plating or electrodeposited chromium；By brush nickel plating or
Middle axle journal coating is deposited in middle axle journal surfacing by electrodeposited chromium；Lower axle journal coating is deposited on by lower axle by brush nickel plating or plating
In neck surfacing.
A kind of method of the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of hydraulic turbine making high-wear resistance, that financial cost is low, its feature
It is to comprise the following steps：
One of step：Make cast carbon steel guide vane body, stainless steel upper head plate, stainless steel bottom plate, stainless steel tailgate；System
The shaft shoulder lantern ring, the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring in work；
The cast carbon steel guide vane body is made of cast carbon steel diffuser body and cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body；
The cast carbon steel diffuser body band body upper surface, body lower face, body caudal face, body rostral face；
Weld angle in the body upper surface periphery upper surface of falling body；Weld angle in the body lower face periphery lower face of falling body；Institute
State the body caudal face two sides caudal of falling body face welding angle；Body rostral face format body rostral face weld filler groove；
The cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body includes axis, body axis, body lower axle on body；On the body on axis band
Axle journal surfacing；Axle journal surfacing in the body axis band；Axle journal surfacing under the body lower axle band；
Body axis one end is integrally connected with axis on body, and the other end is vertical with body upper surface to be integrally connected；Under body
Axis one end is vertical with body lower face to be integrally connected；
The stainless steel upper head plate, opens inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I inside stainless steel upper head plate and body axis passes through hole, institute
State body axis and connect angle through eyelet welding through the hole inner edge axis of falling body；
The stainless steel bottom plate, opens inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II inside stainless steel bottom plate and body lower axle passes through hole,
The body lower axle connects angle through the hole inner edge lower axle of falling body through eyelet welding；
The stainless steel tailgate, stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides band stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle；
The two of step：Welded using stainless steel electrode or welding wire on welding angle or plug welding hole by cast carbon steel guide vane sheet
Body, stainless steel upper head plate, stainless steel bottom plate, stainless steel tailgate assemble and weld together to obtain assembly；
The three of step：By assembly annealing, annealing regulation parameter obtained by step 2：Temperature rise speed is small be equal to 80 DEG C/
H, keeps the temperature 3-4h at 565 DEG C to 585 DEG C, then cools to room temperature with the furnace；
The four of step：Using surface brush plating nickel or electrodeposited chromium, in upper axle journal surfacing, middle axle journal surfacing, lower axle journal surfacing
Generate upper axle journal coating, middle axle journal coating, the lower axle journal coating of nickel plating or chromium plating；
The five of step：The middle shaft shoulder lantern ring is sleeved on outside middle axle journal coating by hot cover process interference fit, and is covered to axis root
Portion；The lower shaft shoulder lantern ring is sleeved on outside lower axle journal coating by hot cover process interference fit, and is covered to lower axle root.
The method of the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine, it is characterized in that 0.1~0.2mm of nickel plating thickness or chromium plating thickness
0.05~0.10mm.
The method of the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine, it is characterized in that upper axle journal surfacing, middle axle journal surfacing, lower axle journal
Surfacing all arranges cylindrical grinding process before and after surface brush plating nickel or electrodeposited chromium.
The method of the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine, it is characterized in that hot cover process boils shaft shoulder set in heating using oil
Ring or the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring；Heating-up temperature is 200 DEG C~250 DEG C, when insulation 2 is small after be inserted in that axis neck coating is outer or lower axle journal coating
Outside.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, high abrasion cost performance.Wear-resisting property with stainless steel, leads relative to cast steel is started from from cast steel guide vane base
Leaf, cost only carry 15% or so, be but avoided that in process because mend (paving) weldering and caused by making cast steel guide vane fail and cause
The technical problem that cast steel guide vane base substrate is scrapped；Price, which is made, relative to pure stainless steel has then been generally reduced more than 50%.
2nd, only with spot welding, wire bonding；It is small to weld hot melt quantity, surface brush plating or plating low temperature, the middle shaft shoulder lantern ring, the lower shaft shoulder
The heating-up temperature of lantern ring hot cover process is low, and the thermally-induced stress deformation of whole manufacturing process is small, it is therefore prevented that hot jacket causes guide vane teunnion
Deformation；It ensure that the yield rate of making.
3rd, the middle shaft shoulder lantern ring, the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring are inserted in axis and lower axle after stainless steel upper head plate, stainless steel bottom plate, make
The pore size passed through for axis or lower axle opened in the middle part of stainless steel upper head plate, stainless steel bottom plate plate face is smaller.Tip plate configurations
Half making need to not divided because its hole size is too big, so that end plate manufacture craft is simple in structure, it is easy to make.
4th, annealing temperature is less than austenitic stainless steel sensitive temperature, ensure that the intrinsic corrosion resistance of stainless steel, eliminates
Residual stress in welding structure, makes guide vane overall structure stable mechanical property.
As long as the 5th, stainless steel upper head plate and stainless steel bottom plate are inserted in cast carbon steel and led by the assembling of guide vane cast-weld construction respectively
On rachis body, and two end plates outer rim is set to align with cast carbon steel diffuser body external surface, point welds, then applies welding comprehensively i.e.
Can；Stainless steel tailgate uses the wire bonding connection structure at connecting pin both sides welding angle；Wire bonding in the weld filler groove of body rostral face
Stainless steel material, process for assembling and welding are simple.
6th, cast carbon steel guide vane body is made of ordinary carbon steel material, and financial cost is effectively reduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is structure diagram of the cast carbon steel guide vane body of the present invention from direction at a glance.
1 is upper axle journal surfacing in figure, and 3 be middle axle journal surfacing, and 5 be body rostral face weld filler groove, and 7 be lower axle journal plating
Face, 9 be body caudal face welding angle, and 11 be body upper surface welding angle, and 13 be body upper surface.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram that cast carbon steel guide vane body of the present invention is seen from direction two.
1 is upper axle journal surfacing in figure, and 3 be middle axle journal surfacing, and 13 be body upper surface, and 11 be body upper surface welding angle, 7
It is lower axle journal surfacing, 9 be body caudal face welding angle.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram that cast carbon steel guide vane body of the present invention is seen from direction three.
1 is upper axle journal surfacing in figure, and 3 be middle axle journal surfacing, and 5 be body rostral face weld filler groove, and 15 be body lower end
Face, 7 be lower axle journal surfacing, and 17 be body lower face welding angle, and 9 be body caudal face welding angle.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram that cast carbon steel guide vane body of the present invention is seen from direction four.
1 is upper axle journal surfacing in figure, and 3 be middle axle journal surfacing, and 9 be body caudal face welding angle, and 15 be body lower face, 7
It is lower axle journal surfacing, 17 be body lower face welding angle.
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram that cast carbon steel guide vane body of the present invention is seen from direction five.
1 is upper axle journal surfacing in figure, and 3 be middle axle journal surfacing, and 7 be lower axle journal surfacing, and 9 be body caudal face welding angle, 11
It is body upper surface welding angle, 13 be body upper surface.
Fig. 6 is stainless steel top end plate structure schematic diagram.
20 be inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I in figure, and 21 be that body axis passes through hole inner edge inverse bonding angle, and 23 be that body axis passes through
Hole
Fig. 7 is stainless steel lower end plate structure schematic diagram.
25 be inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II in figure, and 27 be that body lower axle welds angle through hole inner edge, and 29 be that body lower axle is worn
Via.
Fig. 8 be it is stainless be steel tail-board structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is the enlarged drawing of Fig. 8 amplifier sections.
30 be stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle in figure
Figure 10 is stainless steel weldment and the combined structure diagram seen from direction six of cast carbon steel guide vane body.
41 be axis on body in figure, and 1 is upper axle journal surfacing, and 43 be body axis, and 3 be middle axle journal surfacing, and 45 be stainless steel
Upper head plate, 47 be stainless steel tailgate, and 48 be body lower axle, and 49 be stainless steel bottom plate, and 5 be body rostral face weld filler groove,
51 be cast carbon steel diffuser body.
Figure 11 is stainless steel weldment and the combined structure diagram seen from direction seven of cast carbon steel guide vane body.
48 be body lower axle in figure, and 49 be stainless steel bottom plate, and 51 be cast carbon steel diffuser body, and 3 be middle axle journal plating
Face, 1 is upper axle journal surfacing, and 45 be stainless steel upper head plate, and 47 be stainless steel tailgate, and 7 be lower axle journal surfacing.
Figure 12 is embodiment cast carbon steel guide vane body manuscript.
Embodiment
The wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine, including diffuser and guide vane teunnion；The present invention improvements be：
(i) diffuser by cast carbon steel diffuser body (51), stainless steel upper head plate (45), stainless steel bottom plate (49),
Stainless steel tailgate (47) forms.Material ZG230-450, ZG20MnSi etc. can be selected in casting ordinary carbon steel.Stainless steel plate can be selected
Material 0Cr18Ni9,1Cr18Ni9Ti.
The cast carbon steel diffuser body band body upper surface (13), body lower face (15), body caudal face, body
Rostral face；Weld angle (11) in the body upper surface periphery upper surface of falling body；The body lower face periphery lower end of falling body
Weld angle (17) in face；Weld angle (9) in the body caudal face two sides caudal of falling body face；The body rostral face format body head
Side weld filler groove (5).
(ii) guide vane teunnion is by cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body, upper axle journal coating, middle axle journal coating, lower axle journal coating, axis
The shoulder lantern ring, lower shaft shoulder lantern ring composition；The cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body includes axis (41) on body, body axis (43), sheet
Body lower axle (48)；Axle journal surfacing (1) on axis band on the body；Axle journal surfacing (3) in the body axis band；Under the body
Axle journal surfacing (7) under axis band.Upper axle journal coating, middle axle journal coating, lower each coating of axle journal coating thickness nickel plating thickness 0.1~
0.05~0.10mm of 0.2mm or chromium plating thickness.The middle shaft shoulder lantern ring, the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring select stainless steel material to make, and high 12 to 15
Millimeter, 6 to 8 millimeters of wall thickness, interior each coating outside diameter of draw ratio are less than 0.1 millimeter, to obtain with middle axle journal coating or the plating of lower axle journal
Small―gap suture fiting effect between layer.
(iii) body axis one end is integrally connected with axis on body, the other end integral phase vertical with body upper surface (13)
Even；Body lower axle one end one vertical with body lower face (15) is connected.Cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body and cast carbon steel guide vane
Body body forms cast carbon steel guide vane body.Cast carbon steel guide vane body makes by the following method：
Firstth, cast carbon steel guide vane body casting, casting annealing are cast.Secondth, milling guide vane teunnion both ends of the surface.
3rd, on the basis of leading airfoil surface, guide vane teunnion both ends centre bore processing line is drawn.(during line first with red steel paper or
3240 epoxy plates make diffuser molded line basic pattern, and line centre bore is made at model center)
4th, guide vane body both ends centre bore is bored.Then cast carbon steel diffuser body and casting are processed by following processes
Make the above-mentioned technical characteristic of carbon steel guide vane shaft body institute band：
5th, by Figure 12 cast carbon steel guide vane body manuscript turning casting guide vane teunnions and casting diffuser both ends of the surface.
6th, on the basis of casting guide vane teunnion, mark and lead airfoil surface processing line.Red steel paper or 3240 epoxies are first used during line
Plate makes guide vane build face face mold, and the endoporus of model and the lower axle journal small―gap suture of guide vane teunnion coordinate, and fit clearance is generally small
In 0.1mm.
7th, by the planing of Figure 12 cast carbon steel guide vane bodies manuscript or milling guide vane build face, including body rostral face
Weld filler groove (5), match somebody with somebody with stainless steel tailgate the body caudal face shared welding angle (9) (as using planing guide vane build face, its
The diameter of axle and guide vane build face mutually pass through face part to increase because that can not plane together with milling mutually pass through face process).
8th, angle (11) body lower face is welded in the body upper surface of two end periphery of milling (or with air-arc cutting) diffuser
Weld angle (17).Weld angle angle and generally use 45 degree.
(iv) open inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I (20) inside stainless steel upper head plate (45) and body axis passes through hole, described
Body axis connects angle (21) through the hole inner edge axis of falling body through eyelet welding.
(v) open inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II (25) inside stainless steel bottom plate (49) and body lower axle passes through hole (29), institute
State body lower axle and connect angle (27) through eyelet welding through the hole inner edge lower axle of falling body.
The making of stainless steel upper head plate and stainless steel bottom plate, can be carried out by following process：Firstth, CNC Plasma Cutting
Blanking or laser blanking.If plasma cut blanking by hand, red steel paper (is first used using line, plasma cut during line
Or 3240 epoxy plate make end plate type line basic pattern).Stainless steel upper head plate and stainless steel bottom plate, it is 10 millimeters to select thickness
Stainless steel materials.Secondth, two plane of guide vane end plate is smoothed.3rd, guide vane teunnion matching hole and plug welding hole line are drawn.4th, bore and lead
Rachis matching hole and plug welding hole.
(vi) stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides band stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle (30).Its manufacturing process is
Blanking, smoothing, line, planing external surface.
Guide vane assembly blank with following vii~x structures is formed with welding procedure using following assembling：
Firstth, the guide vane teunnion of cast carbon steel guide vane body is inserted on fitter's bench or assembling plate with holes, will not
Rust steel upper head plate (45) endoporus and end face are positioned at the body upper surface of cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body and cast carbon steel diffuser
On, and orbiting end plate, make its shape and body upper surface perimeter alignment.Spot welding is firm after accurate positioning.Cast carbon steel guide vane sheet
Above work step tack-weld stainless steel bottom plate (49) is repeated after body u-turn.
Secondth, it is stainless steel tailgate and the butt welding in cast carbon steel guide vane body caudal face is firm in face of neat rear spot welding.
3rd, welded on each welding angle, wlding uses stainless steel electrode or welding wire.In body rostral face weld filler groove
(5) built-up welding stainless steel on.
(vii) stainless steel upper head plate (45) and body upper surface (13) are mutually compound, are welded by inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I (20)
Connecing stainless steel material will weld together in stainless steel upper head plate plate with body upper surface, and angle (11) are welded by body upper surface
Soldering stainless steel material welds together stainless steel upper head plate periphery and body upper surface periphery；Hole is passed through by body axis
Welding angle (21) soldering stainless steel material welds together on middle axle journal periphery with stainless steel upper head plate.
(viii) stainless steel bottom plate (49) and body lower face (15) are mutually compound, pass through inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II (25)
Soldering stainless steel material will weld together in stainless steel bottom plate plate with body lower face, and angle is welded by body lower face
(17) soldering stainless steel material welds together stainless steel bottom plate periphery and body lower face periphery；Worn by body lower axle
Via inner edge welding angle (27) soldering stainless steel material welds together on lower axle journal periphery with stainless steel bottom plate；
(ix) stainless steel tailgate (47) is welded by stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle (30) and body caudal face
Angle (9) soldering stainless steel material welds together with body caudal face；
(x) in body rostral face weld filler groove (5) stainless steel material is filled by welding.
Make half smart car mechanical processing to above-mentioned guide vane assembly blank.Each engagement journal stay allowance for finish 0.3 to
0.4mm.Non- engagement journal not made allowance turning to final processing size.With prefabricated guide vane build face face mold, guide vane is marked
Build face processing line and guide vane facade sealing surface processing line.The V-block of workbench is positioned at the middle axle journal of guide vane and lower axle journal
On, by processing line planing guide vane build face.Or numerical control milling guide vane build face (guide vane build face can be omitted and draw processing line procedures).
Relief grinding simultaneously polishes guide vane build face, with the accuracy of guide vane build face model check and correction molded line.Type face model is positioned at endoporus leads
Under leaf at axle journal.Center hole is repaiied, Double Tops point positioning, is ground the upper, middle and lower axle journal of guide vane, it is ground size as final processing ruler
2 times of sizes of the very little thickness for subtracting unilateral Brush Plating or electrodeposited coating, axle journal surfacing, middle axle journal surfacing and the plating of lower axle journal in formation
Face.
After completing above-mentioned half smart car mechanical processing, guide vane upper, middle and lower axle journal surfacing upper surface brush plating nickel (or electricity can be passed through
Chromium plating).Top layer nickel plating (or chromium) hardness is up to (more than HR65), and brush plating nickel thickness control is 0.1 to 0.2mm, electrodeposited chromium thickness
Control is 0.05 to 0.10mm, and thickness is too thick, and less economical and coating is easy to fall off, and thickness is too small, guide vane teunnion wearing layer short life.
Guide vane assembly blank after half smart car mechanical processing has the structure of following xi after surface brush plating nickel or electrodeposited chromium.
(xi) upper axle journal coating is deposited on upper axle journal surfacing (1) by brush nickel plating or electrodeposited chromium；Pass through Brush Plating
Middle axle journal coating is deposited on middle axle journal surfacing (3) by nickel or electrodeposited chromium；Lower axle journal coating is sunk by brush nickel plating or plating
Product is on lower axle journal surfacing (7).
The shaft shoulder lantern ring, the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring make workpieces processing generation have following xii structures in smart car mechanical processing and hot jacket
Finished product.Double Tops point positioning, smart car diffuser both ends of the surface and the axle journal coordinated with guide vane lever.Double Tops point positioning, checks diffuser
Both ends of the surface jerk value is ground the upper, middle and lower axle journal of guide vane, ensures its position of related features in permissible value.With the middle axle journal of guide vane and
Lower axle journal is positioned on workbench V-block, respectively centering guide vane head facade sealing surface and outlet edge facade processing line, milling respectively
Facade sealing surface at two is cut, ensures its position degree requirement.Shaft shoulder set and lower shaft shoulder set on hot jacket, shaft shoulder set is with guide vane teunnion using small
Interference fit, oil boil the method for heating shaft shoulder set, 200 DEG C to 250 DEG C of heating-up temperature, when insulation 2 is small.Since interference volume is small, axis
Shoulder set heating-up temperature is low, so hot jacket will not cause the deformation of main shaft after main shaft finishing.In addition to stainless steel surface, own
Surface applies antirust oil, to protect metal surface to get rusty.
(xii) shaft shoulder lantern ring is sleeved on outside middle axle journal coating to axis root by interference fit in；The lower shaft shoulder lantern ring passes through
It is outer to lower axle root that interference fit is sleeved on lower axle journal coating.
A kind of method of the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine making high-wear resistance, that financial cost is low, including with
Lower step：
One of step：Make cast carbon steel guide vane body, stainless steel upper head plate (45), stainless steel bottom plate (49), stainless
Steel tailgate (47)；The shaft shoulder lantern ring, the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring in making；
The cast carbon steel guide vane body is made of cast carbon steel diffuser body (51) and cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body；
Cast carbon steel diffuser body (51) the band body upper surface (13), body lower face (15), body caudal face,
Body rostral face；Weld angle (11) in the body upper surface periphery upper surface of falling body；Fall body on body lower face periphery
Weld angle (17) in lower face；Weld angle (9) in the body caudal face two sides caudal of falling body face；The body rostral face format
Body rostral face weld filler groove (5)；
The cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body includes axis (41), body axis (43), body lower axle (48) on body；It is described
Axle journal surfacing (1) on axis band on body；Axle journal surfacing (3) in the body axis band；Axle journal surfacing under the body lower axle band
(7)；
Body axis one end is integrally connected with axis on body, and other end one vertical with body upper surface (13) is connected；This
Body lower axle one end one vertical with body lower face (15) is connected；
The stainless steel upper head plate (45), opens inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I (20) and body axis inside stainless steel upper head plate
Through hole, the body axis connects angle (21) through the hole inner edge axis of falling body through eyelet welding；
The stainless steel bottom plate (49), opens inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II (25) and body lower axle inside stainless steel bottom plate
Through hole (29), the body lower axle connects angle (27) through the hole inner edge lower axle of falling body through eyelet welding；
The stainless steel tailgate, stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides band stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle (30)；
The two of step：Welded using stainless steel electrode or welding wire on welding angle or plug welding hole by cast carbon steel guide vane sheet
Body, stainless steel upper head plate, stainless steel bottom plate, stainless steel tailgate assemble and weld together to obtain assembly；
The three of step：By assembly annealing, annealing regulation parameter obtained by step 2：Temperature rise speed is small be equal to 80 DEG C/
H, keeps the temperature 3-4h, then with being furnace-cooled to room temperature at 565 DEG C to 585 DEG C.
The four of step：Using surface brush plating nickel or electrodeposited chromium, in upper axle journal surfacing (1), middle axle journal surfacing (3), lower axle journal
Upper axle journal coating, middle axle journal coating, the lower axle journal coating of nickel plating or chromium plating are generated in surfacing (7).0.1~0.2mm of nickel plating thickness
Or 0.05~0.10mm of chromium plating thickness.Upper axle journal surfacing (1), middle axle journal surfacing (3), lower axle journal surfacing (7) are in surface brush plating nickel
Or the front and rear of electrodeposited chromium all arranges cylindrical grinding process.
The five of step：The middle shaft shoulder lantern ring is sleeved on outside middle axle journal coating by hot cover process interference fit, and is covered to axis root
Portion；The lower shaft shoulder lantern ring is sleeved on outside lower axle journal coating by hot cover process interference fit, and is covered to lower axle root.Hot cover process uses
Oil boils the shaft shoulder lantern ring or the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring in heating；Heating-up temperature be 200 DEG C~250 DEG C, insulation 2 it is small when after be inserted in axis neck plating
Outside layer or outside lower axle journal coating.
The present invention using cast-weld construction make guide vane, its financial cost compared with block cast stainless steel guide vane situation referring to the end of writing
《The middle-size and small-size Guide Vanes in Francis Turbine manufacture cost table of comparisons (separate unit) of certain series》.It is can be found that from table:
1500 millimeters of rotary wheel of water turbine diameter, (56688.08-266686.91)/56688.08 × 100%=can be saved
52.9%
2000 millimeters of rotary wheel of water turbine diameter, (134371.73-60089.58)/134371.73 × 100% can be saved
=55.3%
3000 millimeters of rotary wheel of water turbine diameter, (453504.60-187240.75)/453504.60 × 100% can be saved
=58.7%
4000 millimeters of rotary wheel of water turbine diameter, can save (1074973.88-418935.35)/1074973.88 ×
100%=61.0%
5000 millimeters of rotary wheel of water turbine diameter, can save (2099558.36-791976.01)/2099558.36 ×
100%=62.3%
Financial cost is saved more than 50%, and it is more notable with the increase saving cost of hydraulic turbine generated output.Also
It can be used for the renovation of frayed serious cast carbon steel guide vane, shorten the time of guide vane fabrication cycle and shutdown maintenance guide vane,
Further reduce guide vane cost of manufacture, with good economic efficiency and social benefit.
The middle-size and small-size Guide Vanes in Francis Turbine manufacture cost table of comparisons (separate unit) of certain series
Claims (5)
1. the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine, including diffuser and guide vane teunnion；It is characterized in that：
(i) diffuser is by cast carbon steel diffuser body (51), stainless steel upper head plate (45), stainless steel bottom plate (49), stainless
Steel tailgate (47) forms；The cast carbon steel diffuser body band body upper surface (13), body lower face (15), body caudal
Face, body rostral face；Weld angle (11) in the body upper surface periphery upper surface of falling body；Body lower face periphery this
Weld angle (17) in body lower face；Weld angle (9) in the body caudal face two sides caudal of falling body face；Open in the body rostral face
Body rostral face weld filler groove (5)；
(ii) guide vane teunnion is by cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body, upper axle journal coating, middle axle journal coating, lower axle journal coating, middle shaft shoulder set
Ring, lower shaft shoulder lantern ring composition；The cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body is included on body under axis (41), body axis (43), body
Axis (48)；Axle journal surfacing (1) on axis band on the body；Axle journal surfacing (3) in the body axis band；The body lower axle band
Lower axle journal surfacing (7)；
(iii) body axis one end is integrally connected with axis on body, and other end one vertical with body upper surface (13) is connected；This
Body lower axle one end one vertical with body lower face (15) is connected；
(iv) open inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I (20) inside stainless steel upper head plate (45) and body axis passes through hole, in the body
Axis connects angle (21) through the hole inner edge axis of falling body through eyelet welding；
(v) open inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II (25) inside stainless steel bottom plate (49) and body lower axle passes through hole (29), described
Body lower axle connects angle (27) through the hole inner edge lower axle of falling body through eyelet welding；
(vi) stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides band stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle (30)；
(vii) stainless steel upper head plate (45) and body upper surface (13) are mutually compound, by inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I (20) welding not
Rust Steel material welds together stainless steel upper head plate and body upper surface, is welded by body upper surface welding angle (11) stainless
Steel material welds together stainless steel upper head plate periphery and body upper surface periphery；Angle is connect through eyelet welding by body axis
(21) soldering stainless steel material welds together on middle axle journal periphery with stainless steel upper head plate；
(viii) stainless steel bottom plate (49) and body lower face (15) are mutually compound, are welded by inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II (25)
Stainless steel material welds together stainless steel bottom plate and body lower face, by body lower face welding angle (17) welding not
Rust Steel material welds together stainless steel bottom plate periphery and body lower face periphery；Welded by body lower axle through hole inner edge
Angle (27) soldering stainless steel material is connect to weld together on lower axle journal periphery with stainless steel bottom plate；
(ix) stainless steel tailgate (47) passes through stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle (30) and body caudal face welding angle (9)
Soldering stainless steel material welds together with body caudal face；
(x) in body rostral face weld filler groove (5) stainless steel material is filled by welding；
(xi) upper axle journal coating is deposited on upper axle journal surfacing (1) by brush nickel plating or electrodeposited chromium；By brush nickel plating or
Middle axle journal coating is deposited on middle axle journal surfacing (3) by electrodeposited chromium；Lower axle journal coating is deposited on by brush nickel plating or plating
On lower axle journal surfacing (7)；
(xii) shaft shoulder lantern ring is sleeved on outside middle axle journal coating to axis root by interference fit in；The lower shaft shoulder lantern ring passes through interference
Engagement sleeves are outside lower axle journal coating to lower axle root.
2. a kind of method of the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of hydraulic turbine making high-wear resistance, that financial cost is low, it is characterized in that
Comprise the following steps：
One of step：Make cast carbon steel guide vane body, stainless steel upper head plate (45), stainless steel bottom plate (49), stainless steel tail
Plate (47)；The shaft shoulder lantern ring, the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring in making；
The cast carbon steel guide vane body is made of cast carbon steel diffuser body (51) and cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body；
Cast carbon steel diffuser body (51) the band body upper surface (13), body lower face (15), body caudal face, body
Rostral face；Weld angle (11) in the body upper surface periphery upper surface of falling body；The body lower face periphery lower end of falling body
Weld angle (17) in face；Weld angle (9) in the body caudal face two sides caudal of falling body face；The body rostral face format body head
Side weld filler groove (5)；
The cast carbon steel guide vane shaft body includes axis (41), body axis (43), body lower axle (48) on body；The body
Axle journal surfacing (1) on upper axis band；Axle journal surfacing (3) in the body axis band；Axle journal surfacing (7) under the body lower axle band；
Body axis one end is integrally connected with axis on body, and other end one vertical with body upper surface (13) is connected；Under body
Axis one end one vertical with body lower face (15) is connected；
The stainless steel upper head plate (45), opens inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole I (20) inside stainless steel upper head plate and body axis passes through
Hole, the body axis connect angle (21) through the hole inner edge axis of falling body through eyelet welding；
The stainless steel bottom plate (49), opens inversed taper platform shape plug welding hole II (25) inside stainless steel bottom plate and body lower axle passes through
Hole (29), the body lower axle connect angle (27) through the hole inner edge lower axle of falling body through eyelet welding；
The stainless steel tailgate, stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides band stainless steel tailgate connecting pin both sides welding angle (30)；
The two of step：Welded by cast carbon steel guide vane body, no on welding angle or plug welding hole using stainless steel electrode or welding wire
Rust steel upper head plate, stainless steel bottom plate, stainless steel tailgate assemble and weld together to obtain assembly；
The three of step：By assembly annealing, annealing regulation parameter obtained by step 2：Temperature rise speed is small to be equal to 80 DEG C/h,
565 DEG C to 585 DEG C insulation 3-4h, then with being furnace-cooled to room temperature；
The four of step：Using surface brush plating nickel or electrodeposited chromium, in upper axle journal surfacing (1), middle axle journal surfacing (3), lower axle journal surfacing
(7) upper axle journal coating, middle axle journal coating, the lower axle journal coating of nickel plating or chromium plating are generated on；
The five of step：The middle shaft shoulder lantern ring is sleeved on outside middle axle journal coating by hot cover process interference fit, and is covered to axis root；Under
The shaft shoulder lantern ring is sleeved on outside lower axle journal coating by hot cover process interference fit, and is covered to lower axle root.
3. the method for the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that nickel plating thickness 0.1~
0.05~0.10mm of 0.2mm or chromium plating thickness.
4. the method for the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that upper axle journal surfacing (1),
Middle axle journal surfacing (3), lower axle journal surfacing (7) all arrange cylindrical grinding process before and after surface brush plating nickel or electrodeposited chromium.
5. the method for the wear-resisting cast-weld construction guide vane of the hydraulic turbine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that hot cover process is using oil
Boil the shaft shoulder lantern ring or the lower shaft shoulder lantern ring in heating；Heating-up temperature be 200 DEG C~250 DEG C, insulation 2 it is small when after be inserted in axis neck coating
Outside outer or lower axle journal coating.
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| CN106640480B (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2022-10-14 | 西华大学 | Improve water spray stator of skew optimum operating mode performance of hydraulic turbine |
| CN110788453B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-02-08 | 南通科硕海洋装备科技有限公司 | Plug welding method for sheet metal parts |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202789290U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-03-13 | 湖北三力重工机械有限公司 | Water turbine guide vane of water-turbine generator set |
| CN202789291U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-03-13 | 湖北三力重工机械有限公司 | Water turbine guide vane |
| CN203285606U (en) * | 2013-06-02 | 2013-11-13 | 诸暨市鸿强轴瓦有限公司 | Water turbine moveable guide vane |
| CN103567419A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-12 | 沈阳市盛华特种铸造有限公司 | Manufacturing method for through-flow turbine continuous variable cross-section movable guide vanes through electroslag smelting casting |
| CN205977515U (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-02-22 | 福建汇德发电设备有限公司 | Wear -resisting cast -weld construction stator of hydraulic turbine |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57191467A (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1982-11-25 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of guide vane for water turbine |
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- 2016-08-16 CN CN201610674309.8A patent/CN106224154B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202789290U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-03-13 | 湖北三力重工机械有限公司 | Water turbine guide vane of water-turbine generator set |
| CN202789291U (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-03-13 | 湖北三力重工机械有限公司 | Water turbine guide vane |
| CN203285606U (en) * | 2013-06-02 | 2013-11-13 | 诸暨市鸿强轴瓦有限公司 | Water turbine moveable guide vane |
| CN103567419A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-12 | 沈阳市盛华特种铸造有限公司 | Manufacturing method for through-flow turbine continuous variable cross-section movable guide vanes through electroslag smelting casting |
| CN205977515U (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-02-22 | 福建汇德发电设备有限公司 | Wear -resisting cast -weld construction stator of hydraulic turbine |
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Denomination of invention: Wear-resisting water turbine guide vane of cast-weld structure and manufacturing method thereof Effective date of registration: 20200117 Granted publication date: 20180501 Pledgee: Industrial Commercial Bank of China Ltd Nanping City Silver Branch Pledgor: Fujian Huide Power Equipment Co. Ltd. Registration number: Y2020980000151 |
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Date of cancellation: 20220118 Granted publication date: 20180501 Pledgee: Industrial Commercial Bank of China Ltd. Nanping City Silver Branch Pledgor: FUJIAN HUIDE POWER GENERATION EQUIPMENT CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2020980000151 |
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