CN110788453B - Plug welding method for sheet metal parts - Google Patents
Plug welding method for sheet metal parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN110788453B CN110788453B CN201911196475.1A CN201911196475A CN110788453B CN 110788453 B CN110788453 B CN 110788453B CN 201911196475 A CN201911196475 A CN 201911196475A CN 110788453 B CN110788453 B CN 110788453B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
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Abstract
A plug welding method for a sheet metal part relates to the technical field of welding, and comprises the steps of processing a plug welding hole on the sheet metal part, wherein the plug welding hole is a circular truncated cone-shaped hole; and welding the sheet metal part at the plug welding hole. The aperture in round platform form hole is increased by a lateral opposite side gradually, and the welding wire can stretch into the plug welding hole by the biggest one end in aperture to carry out plug welding processing to plug welding hole department, consequently only need the great one end in plug welding hole aperture satisfy the stretching into demand size of welding wire can, this makes the aperture of the other end in plug welding hole can be less relatively, thereby makes the plug welding hole volume littleer. The time required by plug welding is reduced, the time for heating the plug welding hole by the welding wire is reduced, the residual stress of the plug welding hole and the heat affected zone of the plug welding hole is reduced, and therefore the shrinkage deformation of the sheet metal part is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding, in particular to a plug welding method for sheet metal parts.
Background
At present, the plug welding mode of steel structure products is always used when the plug welding processing is carried out on the sheet metal structure. The thickness of the sheet metal structure plate is generally not more than 5mm, and in order to extend into a welding wire, circular through holes with the aperture of 5 mm-10 mm are formed in plug welding holes according to different plate thicknesses. When plug welding is carried out, welding wires are used for extending into the plug welding holes to repeatedly heat and fill the plug welding hole areas.
However, during the plug welding process, the sheet metal structure will have more obvious shrinkage deformation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plug welding method for a sheet metal part, which can reduce or even avoid the shrinkage deformation of the sheet metal part in the plug welding process to a certain extent.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a plug welding method for sheet metal parts comprises the following steps:
processing a plug welding hole on the sheet metal part, wherein the plug welding hole is a circular truncated cone-shaped hole;
and carrying out welding operation on the sheet metal part at the plug welding hole.
Further, in a possible embodiment, the machining process of the circular truncated cone-shaped hole is as follows:
forming a circular through hole in the sheet metal part;
and processing the round through hole into a round table-shaped hole by using an electric drill, wherein the minimum aperture of the round table-shaped hole is equal to that of the round through hole.
Further, in a possible embodiment, when the thickness of the sheet metal part is less than or equal to 5mm, the minimum inner diameter of the plug welding hole is 1mm-2 mm.
Further, in a possible embodiment, the axial section of the circular truncated cone-shaped hole is trapezoidal, and the included angle between two waists of the trapezoid is 90-120 °.
Further, in one possible embodiment, when plug welding is performed using a two-pass welding method, a spot welding filling operation is performed at the plug welding hole using a welding wire.
Further, in one possible embodiment, the diameter of the wire is 1mm to 1.3 mm.
Further, in a possible embodiment, carbon dioxide is used as shielding gas during the welding operation of the sheet metal parts.
In one possible embodiment, when plug welding is performed using argon arc welding, a heat filling operation is performed at the plug weld hole.
Further, in a possible embodiment, argon is used as shielding gas during the welding operation of the sheet metal parts.
In a possible embodiment, the number of the plug welding holes is multiple, and the plug welding holes are uniformly arranged at the welding position of the sheet metal part.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the plug welding method for the sheet metal part, the circular truncated cone-shaped hole is formed in the sheet metal part, the aperture of the circular truncated cone-shaped hole is gradually increased from one side to the other side, and the welding wire can extend into the plug welding hole from the end with the largest aperture, so that the plug welding processing is performed on the plug welding hole.
Because the welding wire stretches into the plug welding hole through the one end with the larger aperture, the required size of stretching into of welding wire can be satisfied only by the larger one end of aperture of plug welding hole, and this makes the aperture of the other end of plug welding hole can be less relatively to make plug welding hole volume littleer. Compare with circular hole among the prior art, in this application, the aperture in the great one end in aperture equals can satisfy the plug welding demand with the aperture in circular hole among the prior art in the plug welding hole, and at this moment, the volume in toper plug welding hole is less than the volume in circular plug welding hole, and this makes plug welding required time reduce, and the welding wire reduces the time of plug welding hole heating, and the residual stress in plug welding hole and heat affected zone reduces to make sheet metal component's shrinkage deformation volume reduce.
Therefore, the sheet metal part plug welding method provided by the application enables the shrinkage deformation of the sheet metal part after welding to be smaller.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a relative position relationship between a first welding gun and a sheet metal part in a plug welding process in a sheet metal part plug welding method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a relative position relationship between a second welding gun and a sheet metal part in a plug welding process in the sheet metal part plug welding method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 5 at D.
In the figure:
10-a sheet metal part; 11-plug weld hole; 21-a first welder; 22-second welder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship which the product of the present invention is usually placed in when in use, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the sheet metal part plug welding method or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
First embodiment
In this embodiment, the plug welding method of the sheet metal part 10 provided in this embodiment is further described by taking the plug welding method using the two-arc welding method as an example.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a plug welding method for a sheet metal part 10, including:
processing a plug welding hole 11 on the sheet metal part 10, wherein the plug welding hole 11 is a circular truncated cone-shaped hole;
the sheet metal part 10 is subjected to a welding operation at the plug weld hole 11.
Specifically, in fig. 1 and 2, the sheet metal member 10 is subjected to a welding operation using a first welder 21. In fig. 3, the wire of the first welder 21 is aligned with the plug hole 11 in preparation for welding.
When the sheet metal part 10 needs to be welded, firstly, the plug welding holes 11 are machined in the sheet metal part 10, the plug welding holes 11 are machined in positions to be welded, and one or more plug welding holes 11 can be machined according to the size of the positions to be welded. When the plug welding hole 11 quantity of processing is a plurality of, a plurality of plug welding holes 11 are preferably evenly arranged on sheet metal component 10 to make sheet metal component 10 be heated more evenly in the plug welding process.
As shown in fig. 1, the sheet metal part 10 in fig. 1 needs to be welded on the whole surface, so that a plurality of plug welding holes 11 are formed in the sheet metal part 10, and the plurality of plug welding holes 11 are uniformly arranged at the welding position of the sheet metal part 10.
When the plug weld hole 11 is machined, a tool dedicated for taper hole machining may be used. Alternatively, the following processing method can also be adopted:
a circular through hole is formed in the sheet metal part 10;
and (3) processing the round through hole into a circular truncated cone-shaped hole by using an electric drill, wherein the minimum aperture of the circular truncated cone-shaped hole is equal to that of the round through hole.
Specifically, after a circular through hole is formed in the sheet metal part 10, step holes are enlarged by using an expanding drill, and the number of the step holes to be enlarged is determined according to the taper and the hole depth of the circular truncated cone-shaped hole to be machined, but at least one step hole is required.
And after the step hole is expanded, a circular truncated cone-shaped hole is bored in a segmented mode by using a variable-diameter boring cutter.
Further, in a possible embodiment, the minimum inner diameter of the plug welding hole 11 is 1mm to 2mm when the thickness of the sheet metal part 10 is 5mm or less.
Further, in a possible embodiment, the axial section of the frustoconical hole has a trapezoidal shape, and the angle α between the two waists of said trapezoidal shape is between 90 ° and 120 °.
For example, the included angle α of the truncated cone-shaped hole may be: 90 °, 100 °, 110 °, or 120 °.
In fig. 3, the angle α of the frustoconical hole is 90 °.
A spot welding type filling operation is performed using a welding wire at the plug welding hole 11.
Further, in one possible embodiment, the diameter of the wire is 1mm to 1.3 mm. The welding wire with the size can smoothly extend into the plug welding hole 11 and can complete welding more quickly.
Further, in one possible embodiment, carbon dioxide is used as the shielding gas during the welding operation of the sheet metal part 10.
Hereinafter, the difference between the plug welding method of the sheet metal part 10 provided in the present embodiment and the plug welding method using the related art is compared by a control test.
Specifically, in the welding process, the experimental group is to perform plug welding using the sheet metal part 10 provided in the present embodiment, and the control group is to perform welding using a plug welding method in the prior art.
The test premises are as follows:
the raw materials (i.e. the plates to be welded) used in the experimental group and the control group are the same, and have the same size, and are plates with the length of 300mm, the width of 46mm and the thickness of 2 mm. The experimental group and the control group are provided with the same number of plug welding holes 11 on the plate.
The protective gas used in the experimental group and the control group is carbon dioxide.
The welding current used in the experimental group was the same as that used in the control group, and was 170A.
The experimental group and the control group are operated by the same welder.
The models of the welding machines used in the experimental group and the control group are the same and are all KR II 350 under pine.
The welding wires used in the experimental group and the control group are the same, and the diameters of the welding wires are the same and are all 1.2 mm.
The experimental group is different from the control group in that in the experimental group, the plug welding hole 11 is a circular truncated cone-shaped hole, the minimum aperture of the plug welding hole is 2mm, and the taper of the plug welding hole is 90 degrees. In the control group, the plug welding holes 11 were circular holes with a diameter of 7 mm.
Post-experimental control data are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, when the sheet metal part welding method provided by this embodiment is used to weld a sheet material, the length of the welded sheet material is less in breakage, the degree of deformation is low, and the average time of single welding is short, i.e. the total welding time is shortened more, the welding efficiency is high, and the welding effect is good.
Second embodiment
In the present embodiment, the plug welding method for the sheet metal part 10 provided in the present embodiment is further described by taking the plug welding performed by using the argon arc welding as an example.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the present embodiment provides a plug welding method for a sheet metal part 10, including:
processing a plug welding hole 11 on the sheet metal part 10, wherein the plug welding hole 11 is a circular truncated cone-shaped hole;
the sheet metal part 10 is subjected to a welding operation at the plug weld hole 11.
Specifically, in fig. 4 and 5, the sheet metal part 10 is subjected to a welding operation using the second welder 22. In fig. 6, the wire of the second welder 22 is aligned with the plug hole 11 in preparation for welding.
When the sheet metal part 10 needs to be welded, firstly, the plug welding holes 11 are machined in the sheet metal part 10, the plug welding holes 11 are machined in positions to be welded, and one or more plug welding holes 11 can be machined according to the size of the positions to be welded. When the plug welding hole 11 quantity of processing is a plurality of, a plurality of plug welding holes 11 are preferably evenly arranged on sheet metal component 10 to make sheet metal component 10 be heated more evenly in the plug welding process.
As shown in fig. 4, the sheet metal member 10 in fig. 4 needs to be welded on the whole surface, so that the number of plug welding holes 11 formed in the sheet metal member 10 is plural, and the plural plug welding holes 11 are uniformly arranged at the welding position of the sheet metal member 10.
In this embodiment, the machining method of the circular truncated cone-shaped hole and the size range of the circular truncated cone-shaped hole are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
The difference from the first embodiment is that when the plug welding is performed by using the argon arc welding method, the welding wire can be selected to be rapidly and briefly heated at the plug welding hole 11 to complete the welding, or the plug welding hole 11 is directly heated without using the welding wire, so that the plug welding hole 11 is melted, thereby completing the welding.
Further, in one possible embodiment, argon is used as the shielding gas during the welding operation of the sheet metal part 10.
Hereinafter, the difference between the plug welding method of the sheet metal part 10 provided in the present embodiment and the plug welding method using the related art is compared by a control test.
Specifically, in the welding process, the experimental group is to perform plug welding using the sheet metal part 10 provided in the present embodiment, and the control group is to perform welding using a plug welding method in the prior art.
The test premises are as follows:
the raw materials (i.e. the plates to be welded) used in the experimental group and the control group are the same, and have the same size, and are plates with the length of 300mm, the width of 46mm and the thickness of 2 mm. The experimental group and the control group are provided with the same number of plug welding holes 11 on the plate.
The protective gas used in the experimental group and the control group is argon.
The welding current used in the experimental group was the same as that used in the control group, and was 174A.
The experimental group and the control group are operated by the same welder.
The models of the welding machines used in the experimental group and the control group are the same, and are the welding machine WSME-3 for Shanghai general.
The experimental group is different from the control group in that in the experimental group, the plug welding hole 11 is a circular truncated cone-shaped hole, the minimum aperture of the plug welding hole is 2mm, and the taper of the plug welding hole is 90 degrees. In the control group, the plug welding holes 11 were circular holes with a diameter of 7 mm.
In the experimental group, the welding was performed by the method of heating and melting the plug hole 11 without using a welding wire, and in the control group, the welding wire having a diameter of 1.6mm was repeatedly heated and filled.
Post-experimental control data are shown in table 2:
| test items | Control group | Experimental group |
| Average time of single weld | 10s | 4s |
| Length after welding | 299mm | 300mm |
| Width after welding | 46mm | 46mm |
| Degree of deformation | Visible curvature to the naked eye | No obvious deformation is seen to the naked eye |
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2, when the sheet metal part welding method provided by this embodiment is used to weld a sheet material, the length of the welded sheet material is not damaged, the deformation degree is low, and the average time of single welding is short, i.e. the total welding time is shortened more, the welding efficiency is high, and the welding effect is good.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A plug welding method for sheet metal parts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
processing a conical plug welding hole on the sheet metal part, wherein the conical plug welding hole is a circular truncated cone-shaped hole, the shape of the axial section of the circular truncated cone-shaped hole is trapezoidal, and the included angle between two waists of the trapezoid is 90-120 degrees; the thickness of the sheet metal part is less than or equal to 5mm, and the minimum inner diameter of the conical plug welding hole is 1mm-2 mm;
the plug welding mode adopts an argon arc welding mode or a carbon dioxide protection welding mode, so that the welded sheet metal part has no obvious deformation by naked eyes by reducing the plug welding time;
when the plug welding is carried out by using the argon arc welding mode, the heating filling operation without welding wires is carried out at the conical plug welding hole, when the plug welding is carried out by using the carbon dioxide protection welding mode, the spot welding type filling operation is carried out at the conical plug welding hole by using the welding wires, and the diameter of the welding wires is 1mm-1.3 mm.
2. The plug welding method for the sheet metal parts according to claim 1, wherein the circular truncated cone-shaped hole is processed as follows:
forming a circular through hole in the sheet metal part;
and processing the round through hole into a round table-shaped hole by using an electric drill, wherein the minimum aperture of the round table-shaped hole is equal to that of the round through hole.
3. The plug welding method for the sheet metal parts according to claim 1, wherein the number of the conical plug welding holes is multiple, and the multiple conical plug welding holes are uniformly arranged at the welding positions of the sheet metal parts.
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| CN110788453B true CN110788453B (en) | 2022-02-08 |
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2019
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| CN1915574A (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2007-02-21 | 今创集团有限公司 | Fabrication technique for welding box cover and box body made from stainless steel sheet |
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| CN101870029A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2010-10-27 | 中国第一汽车集团公司 | Method for improving carrying capacity of mini-truck |
| CN103658939A (en) * | 2013-12-15 | 2014-03-26 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Method for welding hollow static blade body and inner cavity supporting board of turbine |
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