CN106212381A - The method that a kind of calf acidifying milk groupuscule health is raised - Google Patents
The method that a kind of calf acidifying milk groupuscule health is raised Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the method that a kind of calf acidifying milk groupuscule health is raised, it is to divide two group feedings to support by age in days calf, 03 ages in days feed colostrum more than 6kg/ days, 4 30 ages in days proceed to groupuscule and raise, period free choice feeding acidifying milk, 7 ages in days start induction and search for food particulate material, freely drink water and maintain water temperature at more than 15 DEG C；Proceeding to second groupuscule during 31 60 ages in days raise, limit raises acidifying milk, free choice feeding particulate material, freely drinks water and maintains water temperature at more than 15 DEG C；60 age in days wean.The method for breeding of the present invention can save artificial 600%, can reduce again calf diarrhea rate 21.00%, reduces diarrhea frequency 3.38%, do not affect searching for food of particulate material, promoting that cud is grown, beneficially the healthy of calf is cultivated and reduces calf breeding cost, has directive significance and dissemination to production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to raising dairy cattle technical field, relate to a kind of calf rearing technology, more specifically a kind of calf
The method that acidifying milk groupuscule health is raised.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of large-scale milch cow farms, the healthy of calf is cultivated increasingly by the weight of milk cattle cultivating enterprise
Depending on, how to improve calf feeding efficiency, improve grow up after Milk Production become current dairy need solve key ask
Topic.At present, in terms of calf breeding, many cattle farms are still continued to use and are manually fed fresh milk, calf hutch separated raising at regular time and quantity
Method, licks to prevent calf from licking mutually, spreads disease, and in practice, this method also exists time-consuming, feeds cost height, diarrhoea
The shortcomings such as rate is high, are unfavorable for renewal and the structural adjustment of cows.Other cattle farm starts the method selecting groupuscule to raise, and uses
Acidifying powered milk substitute or acidifying milk feed calf, reduce feeding cost, reduce diarrhea rate.But due to freely adopting of liquid milk
Food, often results in the reduction of calf particulate material feed intake, and calf cud can not get due stimulation, thus causes calf cud to be grown
Bad.To such an extent as to affect the production performance after growing up.Therefore searching one can reduce calf diarrhea saving does not manually affect
The breeding technology that calf cud is grown has become cattle-raising urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is primarily directed to the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art with not enough, it is provided that one both can meet calf acidifying milk
Groupuscule raises demand can promote again function of rumen early development method for breeding.For realizing this purpose, the invention discloses as follows
Technology contents:
The method that a kind of calf acidifying milk groupuscule health is raised, it is characterised in that feed calf according to following procedure:
Calf birth 1-3 age in days feeds more than colostrum 6kg/d, carries out colostrum performance rating with colostrum refractometer when colostrum feeds,
4th age in days starts groupuscule and raises, and divides two groups according to age in days:
4-30 age in days calf is supported in (1) group feeding:
1) 4 ages in days start free choice feeding acidifying milk, and acidifying milk uses nipple-shape calf feeder to feed, and temperature controls 20 ± 2
℃；
2) 7 ages in days start free choice feeding particulate material, and particulate material uses particulate material food-inductor to feed；
3) freely drinking water, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at more than 15 DEG C, and water quality is protected
Hold cleaning clean.
(2) 31-60 age in days calf is supported in another group feeding:
1) 31 ages in days start limitation supply acidifying milk, and acidifying milk nipple-shape calf feeder feeds, and temperature controls 20 ± 2
DEG C, concrete scheme: 31-40 age in days calf supply 8-9kg/ head/sky；41-50 age in days calf supply 9-9.5kg/ head/sky；51-60
Age in days calf supply 9.5-10kg/ head/sky, groupuscule supply every day milk amount=
Slightly adjust depending on calf situation of searching for food；
2) free choice feeding particulate material；
3) freely drinking water, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at more than 15 DEG C,
Water quality keeps cleaning clean.
60 age in days wean；
Acidifying milk therein is by formic acid 85%(w/w) by volume 1:9 be diluted, milk temperature drops between 10-15 DEG C, often
Rising and add 30mL formic acid diluent in milk and be sufficiently stirred for, often cross 1h and stir once in 3h afterwards, acidificatoin time is 8-
12h, measured value is between 4.0-4.3.
The acidifying milk that the present invention makes is warming up to 35-38 DEG C by bar murderous intention before feeding, and preserves 1 3d, puts into nipple-shape calf
Cattle feeder feeds calf.Described nipple-shape calf feeder is produced by the complete good stockbreeding machine instrument factory in Wuqing District, Tianjin,
Model is A-B3.Described particulate material food-inductor is produced by the complete good stockbreeding machine instrument factory in Wuqing District, Tianjin.
The method that the present invention further discloses calf acidifying milk groupuscule health raising reduces calf diarrhea rate rush in preparation
Entering the application of cud development, experimental result shows: diarrhea rate can be made to reduce by 21%, and diarrhea frequency reduces by 3.38%, and chest measurement carries
High by 1.91%.
Having the beneficial effects that of calf disclosed by the invention acidifying milk groupuscule health method for breeding: the method for the present invention can
Save artificial 600%, calf diarrhea rate 21.00% can be reduced again, reduce diarrhea frequency 3.38%, do not affect searching for food of particulate material, promote
Entering cud to grow, beneficially the healthy of calf is cultivated and reduces calf breeding cost, has directive significance to production and promotes meaning
Justice.
More detailed description of the present invention is as follows:
1 materials and methods
1.1 experimental animals and EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Select 36 nascent cow calves of body weight 36-50 kilogram, the method using completely randomized experiment design, cow calf is divided into
3 groups, often group 12.
Control group fed mode: calf birth 1-3 age in days feeds more than colostrum 6kg/d, reflects with colostrum when colostrum feeds
Instrument carries out colostrum performance rating；4th age in days starts calf hutch separated raising, and 4-6 age in days feeds milk 6kg/d, and 7-25 age in days is raised
Feeding milk 8kg/d, 26-60 age in days feeds milk 9kg/d, calf timing feeding milk three times a day, freely drinks water, 7 ages in days
Starting free choice feeding calf particulate material, particulate material and drinking water are all contained in Stainless steel basin.60 age in days wean.
Test I group feed mode: calf birth 1-3 age in days feeds more than colostrum 6kg/d, reflects with colostrum when colostrum feeds
Instrument carries out colostrum performance rating；4th age in days starts groupuscule and raises, point two groups, a group: 4-30 age in days calf, free choice feeding
Acidifying milk, acidifying milk nipple-shape calf feeder feeds, and freely drinks water, and drinks water and is used without electrically heated common water channel, 7
Starting free choice feeding calf particulate material age, particulate material is contained in common stainless steel basin；Another group: 31-60 age in days calf, from
By acidifying milk and the opened guideway of searching for food, freely drink water, be used without electrically heated tank.60 age in days wean.
Test II group feed mode: calf birth 1-3 age in days feeds more than colostrum 6kg/d, rolls over colostrum when colostrum feeds
Penetrate instrument and carry out colostrum performance rating；4th age in days starts groupuscule and raises, point two groups:
One group: raising 4-30 age in days calf, free choice feeding acidifying milk, acidifying milk nipple-shape calf feeder feeds, 7 ages in days
Starting particulate material of searching for food, particulate material uses particulate material food-inductor to feed；Freely drink water, the calf drinking trough when temperature is less than 15 DEG C
Open electrical heating, maintain water temperature at more than 15 DEG C.
Another group: raising 31-60 age in days calf, limitation supply acidifying milk, acidifying milk nipple-shape calf feeder is raised
Hello, concrete scheme: 31-40 age in days calf supply 9kg/ head/sky；41-50 age in days calf supply 9.5kg/ head/sky；51-60 age in days
Calf supply 10kg/ head/sky；Free choice feeding particulate material, particulate material is contained in common stainless steel basin；Freely drink water, work as temperature
During less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at more than 15 DEG C.60 age in days wean.Supply milk amount=
。
1.2 test material
1.2.1 calf groupuscule raises 4, cowshed, calf hutch 12
1.2.2 the preparation of instrument and equipment: colostrum refractometer, blood taking needle, blood taking tube, nipple-shape calf feeder, electric heating constant temperature are drunk
Tank, particulate material food-inductor, electronic scale.
1.2.3 be acidified the preparation of milk: formic acid (85%) 1:9 by volume is diluted, milk temperature drop to 10-15 DEG C it
Between, every liter of milk add 30mL formic acid diluent and is sufficiently stirred for, often crossing 1h in 3h afterwards and stir once, acidificatoin time is
12h, measured value is between 4.0-4.3.The acidifying milk made can preserve 1 3d.It is warming up to 35-38 by bar murderous intention before feeding
Degree, puts in electronic calf feeder and feeds calf.Heat-preserving container homoiothermic 20 DEG C, and monitoring record temperature value twice daily.
Data collection:
2.1. feed intake is recorded, owing to being that groupuscule is raised and cannot be recorded the feed intake of every cattle, the acid of this test data sheet groupuscule every day
Change milk feed intake and particulate material feed intake；
2.2 measure body weight, body chi (height, chest measurement, buttocks width) at nascent, 1 monthly age, 2 monthly ages and 6 monthly ages respectively, and calculate above-mentioned
Average day increment of index.
2.3 record diarrhoea morbidity head number and morbidity natural law.The feces score value system proposed according to Michigan, USA university
Feces is marked by (Manure Scoring System), when scoring≤2, remembers a diarrhoea day.
2.4 measure calf serum Biochemical Indexes and immune indexes respectively at 30 ages in days, 60 ages in days: blood total protein TP/
mg· mL-1, blood glucose GLU/mmol L-1, triglyceride TG/mmol L-1, carbamide UREA/nmol mL-1, T-CHOL
TC/mmol· L-1、IgG/ng·mL-1
Method: about 1 o'clock of noon, to every calf in carotid artery sterile blood sampling 15 mL, centrifuge is with 3 000 r/min
Centrifugation 15 min, separate supernatant be serum to be checked, be stored in-20 DEG C of refrigerators standby, refer to for serum biochemistry
Mark and the mensuration of immune indexes.Serum send in Beijing and is detected with blue rich Clinical Laboratory, and detecting instrument: HITACH 17080 is complete certainly
Dynamic biochemical instruments instrument producer: FDAC Co., Ltd..
2.5 data analysis
Data Excel of test gained are carried out preliminary treatment, uses SAS8.2 statistical software to carry out t check analysis.Result
Use meansigma methods+Standard deviation.
Result and analysis
Table 1 is acidified milk or the average daily ingestion amount of fresh milk (kg/ head)
As shown in Table 1, the average daily ingestion amount of liquid milk, during 4-30 age in days, test I group 0.14kg higher than matched group, be converted to
Percentage ratio is high by 1.85%, tests II group 0.32kg higher than matched group, and it is high by 4.23% for being converted to percentage ratio；In 31-60 age day
Between test I group 2.78kg higher than matched group, it is high by 31.24% for being converted to percentage ratio, test II group 0.32kg higher than matched group, folding
It is high by 4.23% for being counted as percentage ratio；During 4-60 age in days, test I group 1.62kg higher than matched group, be converted to percentage ratio for height
24.45%, test II group 8.33kg higher than matched group, it is high by 1.05% for being converted to percentage ratio；
The average daily ingestion amount of table 2 particulate material (kg/ head)
As shown in Table 2, during 4-30 age in days, test I group particulate material feed intake 0.076kg lower than matched group, be converted to percentage ratio
Low by 95%, test II group 0.07kg higher than matched group, be converted into percentage ratio high by 87.5%；I group granule is tested during 31-60 age in days
Material feed intake 0.31kg lower than matched group, is converted to percentage ratio low by 83.78%, tests II group 0.04kg higher than matched group, is converted into
Percentage ratio is high by 10.81%；Testing I group particulate material feed intake 0.18kg lower than matched group during 4-60 age in days, converted composition ratio is low
85.71%, test II group 0.11kg higher than matched group, be converted into percentage ratio high by 52.38%.
Table 3 weight and body chi
Data are without letter shoulder mark or identical table differential different not notable (P ＞ 0.05), and different lowercase alphabets show significant difference
(P ＜ 0.05)
As shown in Table 3, each group difference of calf body weight is not the most notable (P ＞ 0.05), but test I group Weight averages ratio
Matched group is low by 2.53%, and test II group is higher by 1.16% than matched group；The each group difference of calf height is not the most notable (P ＞ 0.05),
But test I group height meansigma methods is lower by 1.08% than matched group, test II group is lower by 0.16% than matched group；Calf chest measurement test I group
Less than other two groups of significant differences (P ＜ 0.05), it is lower by 1.85% than matched group respectively, lower by 1.91% than test II group；Calf
The each group difference of buttocks width is not the most notable (P ＞ 0.05), but the test I wide meansigma methods of group buttocks is lower by 2.25% than matched group, test
II group is lower by 0.43% than matched group.
Table 4 diarrhea disease percentage and diarrhea frequency
As shown in Table 4, test I group diarrhea disease percentage is lower by 8.33% than matched group, and test II group diarrhea disease percentage is lower than matched group
21.00%；Test I group diarrhea frequency is lower by 2.93% than matched group, and test II group diarrhea frequency is lower by 3.38% than matched group.
Table 5 blood parameters and immune indexes
Data are without letter shoulder mark or identical table differential different not notable (P ＞ 0.05), and different lowercase alphabets show significant difference
(P ＜ 0.05)
As shown in Table 5 total protein between process group without significant difference, along with the change of calf growth time has pole significant difference,
60d 10.61%(P higher than 30d ＜ 0.05)；There were significant differences between processing for urea content, shows as testing I group lower than matched group
15.70%(P ＜ 0.05), test II group 26.18%(P lower than matched group ＜ 0.05), in time without significant difference；Glucose is at place
Without significant difference between reason group, there were significant differences over time, shows as 30d 10.55%(P higher than 60d ＜ 0.05)；Triglyceride
Without significant difference between processing, difference is extremely notable over time, shows as 30d 42.86%(P higher than 60d ＜ 0.05)；Cholesterol
Between processing, there is pole significant difference, show as testing I group lower by 26.34% than matched group, test II group 26.97%(P lower than matched group
＜ 0.05), in time without significant difference；Immunoglobulin is between processing and the time is all without significant difference.
4. discuss
Feed intake aspect, in conjunction with table 1, table 2 it can be seen that during 4-30 age in days, acidifying milk group (,Group) calf liquid milk adopts
The a little higher than matched group of appetite, but not notable, illustrate that being acidified milk has preferable palatability, will not cause calf anorexia to cause feed intake
Reducing, the main foraging behaviour of calf within 30 ages in days is essentially Sucking behavior, and nipple-shape acidifying milk heat-preserving container has adapted to calf
The nature sucked, it is possible to reduce calf licks mutually and licks, and licks the time licking the Deviant Behavioies such as railing, thus decreases transmission of disease
(the most first looking into, 2011).Matched group feeds fresh milk at regular time and quantity, and when can not meet calf growth needs, calf can search for food
Pellet.Test I group particulate material feed intake is less than other two groups, and this is likely due to calf in the case of acidifying milk free choice feeding
Optionally allay one's hunger with acidifying milk, and do not like and eat particulate material.And testGroup calf particulate material feed intake is higher than other two groups,
The nipple-shape particulate material outlet of calf particulate material food-inductor being likely due to use when 7 age in days is searched for food induction of calf
Pellet, and testThe calf house of group uses electrical heating drinking trough, and water temperature also can keep more than 15 DEG C in winter, and calf has fills
The warmest drinking-water of foot, these conditions all can promote calf to search for food more particulate material；During 31-60 age in days, testGroup
Calf do not like eat particulate material and rely on eat acidifying milk phenomenon become apparent from.TestGroup is raised acidifying milk in limit and has warm
In the case of drinking-water, particulate material feed intake is higher by 52.38% than matched group.Illustrate during 31-60 age in days in order to ensure calf
Pellet feed intake, it is necessary to carry out being acidified milk limit and raise and provide electrical heating tank for calf.
Weight and body chi puts face, A, B, C tri-groups in terms of body weight, height and buttocks width without significant difference, but in meansigma methods
Test I group has less than other trend of two groups, and in terms of chest measurement, test I group is substantially less than other two groups, significant difference, explanation
The cud volume of test I group is less than other two groups, and cud is grown and is affected.And testGroup chest measurement does not shows with matched group difference
Write, test is describedThe cud of group is grown uninfluenced.This is likely due to test, and I group particulate material feed intake is low to be caused, calf
After cattle birth, the growth of cud is with to feed condition directly related: calf eats particulate material in good time can stimulate the growth of tumor reticulum,
Do not feed before 60 ages in days solid feed can seriously limit mucosa in calf tumor reticulum weight and cud grow (Seedling tree monarch etc.,
2009).Only feed the calf of milk, its cud nipple aplasia;Milk and forage grass feed jointly to cud mammiplasia
Not having effective stimulation (Heinrichs J, 2005), substantial amounts of research shows, the growth of cud nipple, epithelium glue
(Haitao Zhang 2008) is there is in thickening of film after calf searches for food opened guideway.So, improving calf particulate material feed intake is
The key factor of calf cud healthy development.
Diarrhea rate reflects the Incidence of Diarrhea of calf, and diarrhea frequency reflects the order of severity of calf diarrhea, can by table 4
To find out that matched group diarrhea rate is higher than other two groups, and diarrhea frequency is farther far above other two groups, during matched group calf diarrhea
Between long and situation ratio is more serious, illustrate that feeding acidifying milk can effectively reduce the diarrhea frequency of calf, this is likely due to be acidified milk
Reduce gastrointestinal tract p H value, regulate archenteric flora, thus reduce diarrhea rate (Tu Yan, 2012), in (2015) such as Tan Shixin
Research in, calf feed acidifying milk can reduce diarrhea rate, similar with this result of the test.
In serum, total protein TP is the class solid matter that in serum, content is most, has maintenance Ink vessel transfusing colloid and normally oozes
Thoroughly pressure, acid-base value and transport the function (Wang Jianhong, 2011) of multiple metabolite, can react body protein Nutrition and Metabolism water
Flat, protein is digested and assimilated degree by animal, the utilization ratio of protein in feedstuff, and the total serum protein of high concentration can promote
Growth of animal and improve food conversion ratio (Kwok R P etc., 1992).This test total protein group difference is not notable, and explanation processes
Inconspicuous to protein in body metabolic effect, significantly raise when 60 age in days and illustrate along with the utilization rate of protein is had by calf growth
Raised；
Protein metabolism deaminizating produces NH3And CO2, urea synthesis UREA in liver, carbamide is that mammalian proteins matter is divided
Solving the end-product of metabolism, urea nitrogen content relatively low in usual blood shows that amino acid balance is preferable, organism protein synthesis rate
Higher (COMA J etc., 1996).Serum urea nitrogen is too high, then nitrogen can be made to be excreted by urine, reduces nitrogen in feedstuff
Utilization ratio.This result of the test matched group is significantly higher than other two groups, and test is describedGroup, testGroup is to the profit of nitrogen in feedstuff
Higher by rate；
The blood glucose of nonruminant is always maintained in a constant scope, to maintaining each histiocytic energy consumption of body and function tool
Playing an important role, be similar to nonruminant before calf 30 age in days, GLU source is main from intestinal absorption.Daniels(2008) think
Along with function of rumen is gradually improved, calf blood glucose can increase with week old and reduce.At this test GLU group difference significantly explanation
Managing inconspicuous to the metabolic effect of body carbohydrate, along with the increase GLU at monthly age significantly reduces, this is with Daniels's etc.
Result of the test is similar；
Cholesterol TC and triglyceride TG can react the lipometabolic situation of body, is the direct indicator of fat digestion absorbing state,
Its value is the highest, shows body fat utilization rate the lowest (KNOWLEST A etc., 1998), and in this test, TC level control group is significantly high
Test in other two group profilesGroup and testGroup is higher for the utilization rate of lipid, is more beneficial for lipidosis.
Immunoglobulin IgG is the globulin of the interior class wide participation humoral immune reaction existed of body, has activation
Antigen, activating complement and regulation effect, in this test, group difference is not notable, and not notable with monthly age change, explanation processes calf
The impact of cattle IgG immunity is inconspicuous.
5. conclusion
This test simulation three kinds is applicable to the calf rearing technology of large-scale milch cow farms, and matched group is domestic common calf hutch
Separated raising+feed fresh milk pattern at regular time and quantity, this pattern is time-consuming takes manually, after needing workman's heating milk three times a day
Measure in the crib that the fresh milk of fixed weight adds every calf to, add water, hopper the most also to the tank of every calf
Add particulate material.Milk basin, otherwise easy breed bacteria is cleaned in time after calf has milk.The most every 10 calves in actual production
Cattle needs 1 workman.And testing and show, this yard feeding pattern diarrhea rate is higher, and this causes again medical treatment cost to increase.These
Drawback more can manifest in the cattle farm that scale is the biggest.Owing to people recognize that acidifying milk can significantly reduce calf diarrhea rate, it is difficult to
It is putrid and deteriorated, so Some Domestic cattle farm starts the feeding pattern (test selecting groupuscule to raise+be acidified milk free choice feeding
Group), it is desirable to both can guarantee that the healthy cultivation of calf, and can save again cultivation cost, but be shown experimentally that, free choice feeding is acidified
Milk makes calf the most not eat particulate material, and this cud that have impact on calf is grown, and even affects the productivity after calf grows up
Energy.Test II group combines the advantage of first two groups, makes calf diarrhea rate reduce, and does not affect cud and grows, and saves artificial,
(within every 1-3 days, adding and be once acidified milk, within every 3-5 days, clean 1 calf feeder, in actual production, the most every 70 cattle need 1
Individual workman.) this test method production is had directive significance be worth in large-scale milch cow farms promote.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with preferred forms, the present invention will be further described, so that summary of the invention is had overall and fills by the public
Point understanding, and not regulation to scope.Preceding sections has fully disclosed what the present invention can implement
Protection domain, the most all equal replacements any well known in the art carried out according to the disclosure of invention, broadly fall into this
Bright infringement.The present invention is raw materials used and reagent is commercially available.
Embodiment 1
The method that calf acidifying milk groupuscule health is raised:
Calf birth 1-3 age in days feeds colostrum 6kg/d, carries out colostrum performance rating with colostrum refractometer when colostrum feeds, the 4th
Start groupuscule age to raise, divide two groups according to age in days:
4-30 age in days calf is supported in (1) group feeding:
1) 4 ages in days start free choice feeding acidifying milk, and acidifying milk uses nipple-shape calf feeder to feed, and temperature controls 20 ± 2
℃；
2) 7 ages in days start free choice feeding particulate material, and particulate material uses particulate material food-inductor to feed；
3) freely drinking water, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at 15 ± 2 DEG C；
(2) 31-60 age in days calf is supported in another group feeding:
1) 31 ages in days start limitation supply acidifying milk, and acidifying milk nipple-shape calf feeder feeds, and temperature controls 20 ± 2
DEG C, wherein 31-40 age in days calf supply 8kg/ head/sky；41-50 age in days calf supply 9kg/ head/sky；51-60 age in days calf supplies
To 9.5kg/ head/sky；
2) free choice feeding particulate material；
3) freely drinking water, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at 15 ± 2 DEG C；
60 age in days wean；
Acidifying milk therein is by formic acid 85%(w/w) by volume 1:9 be diluted, milk temperature drops to 10 DEG C, in every liter of milk
Adding 30mL formic acid diluent and be sufficiently stirred for, often crossing 1h and stir once in 3h afterwards, acidificatoin time is 8h, measures pH value and exists
4.0。
Embodiment 2
The method that calf acidifying milk groupuscule health is raised:
Calf birth 1-3 age in days feeds colostrum 6kg/d, carries out colostrum performance rating with colostrum refractometer when colostrum feeds, the 4th
Start groupuscule age to raise, divide two groups according to age in days:
4-30 age in days calf is supported in (1) group feeding:
1) 4 ages in days start free choice feeding acidifying milk, and acidifying milk uses nipple-shape calf feeder to feed, and temperature controls 20 ± 2
℃；
2) 7 ages in days start free choice feeding particulate material, and particulate material uses particulate material food-inductor to feed；
3) freely drinking water, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at 15 ± 2 DEG C；
(2) 31-60 age in days calf is supported in another group feeding:
1) 31 ages in days start limitation supply acidifying milk, and acidifying milk nipple-shape calf feeder feeds, and temperature controls 20 ± 2
DEG C, wherein 31-40 age in days calf supply 9kg/ head/sky；41-50 age in days calf supply 9.5kg/ head/sky；51-60 age in days calf
Supply 10kg/ head/sky；
2) free choice feeding particulate material；
3) freely drinking water, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at 15 ± 2 DEG C；
60 age in days wean；
Acidifying milk therein is by formic acid 85%(w/w) by volume 1:9 be diluted, milk temperature drops to 15 DEG C, in every liter of milk
Adding 30mL formic acid diluent and be sufficiently stirred for, often crossing 1h and stir once in 3h afterwards, acidificatoin time is 12h, and measured value exists
4.3。
Claims (3)
1. the method that calf acidifying milk groupuscule health is raised, it is characterised in that feed calf according to following procedure:
Calf birth 1-3 age in days feeds more than colostrum 6kg/d, carries out colostrum performance rating with colostrum refractometer when colostrum feeds,
4th age in days starts groupuscule and raises, and divides two groups according to age in days:
4-30 age in days calf is supported in (1) group feeding:
1) 4 ages in days start free choice feeding acidifying milk, and acidifying milk uses nipple-shape calf feeder to feed, and temperature controls 20 ± 2
℃；
2) 7 ages in days start free choice feeding particulate material, and particulate material uses particulate material food-inductor to feed；
3) freely drinking water, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at more than 15 DEG C；
(2) 31-60 age in days calf is supported in another group feeding:
1) 31 ages in days start limitation supply acidifying milk, and acidifying milk nipple-shape calf feeder feeds, and temperature controls 20 ± 2
DEG C, wherein 31-40 age in days calf supply 8-9kg/ head/sky；41-50 age in days calf supply 9-9.5kg/ head/sky；51-60 age in days
Calf supply 9.5-10kg/ head/sky, slightly adjusts depending on calf situation of searching for food；
2) free choice feeding particulate material；
3) freely drinking water, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, electrical heating opened by calf drinking trough, maintains water temperature at more than 15 DEG C；
60 age in days wean；
Acidifying milk therein is by formic acid 85%(w/w) by volume 1:9 be diluted, milk temperature drops between 10-15 DEG C, often
Rising and add 30mL formic acid diluent in milk and be sufficiently stirred for, often cross 1h and stir once in 3h afterwards, acidificatoin time is 8-
12h, measures pH value between 4.0-4.3.
2. the method for breeding described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: 4-30 age in days calf is placed in a small set of middle raising, acid
Changing milk uses nipple-shape calf feeder to feed, and particulate material uses particulate material food-inductor to feed, and equal free choice feeding must be protected simultaneously
Card calf has abundance, clean, warm drinking-water, is placed in by 31-60 age in days calf with a small set of middle raising, limitation supply acidifying
Milk, free choice feeding particulate material, must assure that calf has abundance, clean, warm drinking-water simultaneously.
3. described in claim 1, calf acidifying milk groupuscule health method for breeding reduces calf diarrhea rate in preparation and promotes that cud is grown
With the application saving artificial aspect.
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| CN106879551A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-23 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of feeding method for increasing calf cud Bifidobacterium |
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| CN108514048A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-09-11 | 新疆天润乳业股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of feed substituting with milk for calf-acidification milk |
| CN111096300A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-05 | 天津市畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for breeding German siemens Taer calves and application |
| CN115119799A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-30 | 北京东方联鸣科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent breeding integrated breeding management method for calves |
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