CN104335971B - A kind of method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow - Google Patents
A kind of method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow Download PDFInfo
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- CN104335971B CN104335971B CN201410567531.9A CN201410567531A CN104335971B CN 104335971 B CN104335971 B CN 104335971B CN 201410567531 A CN201410567531 A CN 201410567531A CN 104335971 B CN104335971 B CN 104335971B
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- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 235000013384 milk substitute Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000020256 human milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 210000004251 human milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003780 keratinization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000269800 Percidae Species 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000003165 abomasum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000762 glandular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000005706 microflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002787 omasum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021127 solid diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
- A23K10/28—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin from waste dairy products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of animal husbandry, particularly to a kind of method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow.The daily ration that feeds used in this method for breeding includes powered milk substitute, opened guideway, concentrated feed and clover；Search for food breast milk after cub birth, when 5 age in days, cub is separated with dam, feed powered milk substitute, four times per day, be not intended to search for food；When 9 age in days, measure the powered milk substitute feed intake of every cub, search for food offer foundation for limiting powered milk substitute；When 10 age in days, add opened guideway and clover, for cub free choice feeding, with the feed intake of limit powered milk substitute, and reduce day by day, feed every day three times, to promote searching for food of opened guideway and clover；Wean when 38 age in days, stop feeding powered milk substitute and opened guideway, be changed to feed the concentrated feed of adults, and limit searching for food of concentrated feed, clover still free choice feeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of animal husbandry, particularly to a kind of raising promoting lamb/calf cud to grow
Method.
Background technology
Cud is most important for ruminant.The cud of adult ruminant perches substantial amounts of microorganism, it is possible to
Help digest the materials such as cellulose and hemicellulose that nonruminant can not digest.Neonatal ruminants grows the process grown up
In, its cud experienced by structure and physiological great change.Lamb/calf is before solid diet of not searching for food, and cud is grown
Not exclusively, without Fiber Digestion function, its whole or required nutritional need is provided by breast or powered milk substitute, and breast or powered milk substitute are by lamb
After sheep/calf ingests, it is directly entered abomasum through esophageal groove, similar with nonruminant.The growth of cud starts from adopting of solid feed
Food.Lamb/calf rumen microflora is not yet set up, and compares with concentrated feed, and it is necessary that forage grass is not enough to provide cud to grow institute
Chemical stimulation, and concentrated feed fermentation produce volatile fatty acid, it is possible to for cud provide chemical stimulation, wherein butyric acid is to cud
Stimulation the most notable, the ratio of acetic acid/propionic acid also has a certain impact for the growth of cud.But, not concentrated feed is more
Much the best.Research shows, high fine fodder daily ration ferments in cud and produces substantial amounts of SCFA, causes the extraordinary of cud mucous membrane
Propagation, cud keratinization be complete and acid poisoning etc..Roughage is most important in children's ruminant tumor gastric in age is grown, if
Under-supply meeting causes the irregular branch of cud nipple and cud keratinization incomplete, affects the health of animal.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow, and the method both can effectively facilitate lamb
The production performance of lamb/calf is grown, improved to the cud of sheep/calf, may also help in simultaneously early weaning and reduce wean should
Swash.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow, the daily ration that feeds used in this method for breeding includes generation
Milk powder, opened guideway, concentrated feed and clover；Search for food breast milk after cub birth, when 5 age in days, cub is separated with dam, feed generation
Milk powder, four times per day, is not intended to search for food；When 9 age in days, measure the powered milk substitute feed intake of every cub, search for food for limiting powered milk substitute
Foundation is provided；Opened guideway and clover is added when 10 age in days, for cub free choice feeding, with the feed intake of limit powered milk substitute, and
Day by day reduce, feed every day three times, to promote searching for food of opened guideway and clover；Wean when 38 age in days, stop feeding powered milk substitute
And opened guideway, it is changed to feed the concentrated feed of adults, and limits searching for food of concentrated feed, clover still free choice feeding.Concrete condition
As shown in table 1.
Table 1
The innovation of the present invention is that is raising in early days, and namely lamb/calf is born about 5-10 days and begins to raise
Feeding clover, this does not the most affect searching for food of they, and contrary, and experiment finds, the clover that this point point is eaten into can promote to adopt
Eat and weightening finish, and the also very good of transition of reloading after wean below.
As preferably, the average feed intake of cub 9 age in days powered milk substitute is determined as A g/ day/head, then 10 ages in days feed generation breast
Powder A g/ day/head, reduces (3%-5%) A g/ head powered milk substitute later every day, until scale of feeding every day reaches (20% ± 2%) A
Stopping when g/ day/head reducing, i.e. maintain (20% ± 2%) A g/ day/head day scale of feeding constant, the early, middle and late timing of every natural gift is each
Feed once.Being usually, every natural gift 7:00 in morning, 13:30 at noon and 20:00 in evening feed three times.
As preferably, in this method for breeding, clover edible before cub wean, needs are through chaffcutter cutting process, if raising
Feeding lamb, length should be at 6-8cm, if feeding calf, length, at 8-9cm, ensures while facilitating cub to search for food that clover is to cud
Physical stimulation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention promotes that the method for breeding that lamb/calf cud is grown is conducive to cub
Depart from dam as early as possible, dam can be allowed to enter next round breeding as early as possible, and promote cub production performance, be conducive to avoiding being led by wean
The various harmful effects caused.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that during method for breeding of the present invention (FF) feeds with conventional method for breeding (CF), the feed intake contrast of every lamb is shown
It is intended to, in figure: (1) 10 to 38 age in days opened guideway；(2) 38 to 66 age in days concentrated feed feed intakes；(3) 10 to 66 age in days clovers；(4)
10 to 66 age in days total solids；(5) 10 to 66 age in days crude protein；(6) 10 to 66 age in days neutral detergent fibers；+ be 0.05 < P value <
0.10；* it is 0.01 < P value < 0.05；* is P value < 0.01；
Fig. 2 is the present invention and conventional method for breeding feeds lamb weight contrast schematic diagram, in figure :+be 0.05 < P value <
0.10；* it is 0.01 < P value < 0.05；* is P value < 0.01；
Fig. 3 is that the present invention feeds Lamb daily gain contrast schematic diagram with conventional method for breeding；In figure :+be 0.05 < P value <
0.10；* it is 0.01 < P value < 0.05；* is P value < 0.01.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that this
Bright enforcement is not limited to the following examples, and any pro forma accommodation and/or the change of being made the present invention all will fall
Enter scope.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, all of part, percentage are unit of weight, the equipment used and raw material etc.
All it is commercially available or commonly used in the art.Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is the normal of this area
Rule method.
Here involved all of conventional method for breeding refers both to before lamb is weaned, limit and feed powered milk substitute, freely
Search for food opened guideway, all identical with the present invention without feeding after clover, its all of feeding and management and wean.
Powered milk substitute title is accurate lamb powered milk substitute, Beijing Precise Animal Nutrient Research Center of producer；Opened guideway title is
Precisely lamb opened guideway, producer is Beijing Precise Animal Nutrient Research Center；Concentrated feed is by Zheng Xing animal husbandry Co., Ltd of Zhejiang Province
Assist preparation；Clover is purchased by Zheng Xing animal husbandry Co., Ltd of Zhejiang Province.
Embodiment:
A kind of method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow, employing feed daily ration include accurate calf meal,
Precisely lamb opened guideway, concentrated feed and clover, its nutritional labeling is shown in Table 2.
Table 2
After lamb birth the 5th day, i.e. during 5 age in days, lamb is separated with ewe, individually concentrate and feed powered milk substitute, powered milk substitute
Be 1:6 with the ratio that reconstitutes of water, with bottle feeding, four times per day, the time be morning 7:00,11:30 at noon, 16:00 in afternoon and
Evening 20:30.
Record lamb powered milk substitute average feed intake during 9 age in days and be 147g/ day/head.During 10 age in days, powered milk substitute scale of feeding is
147g/ day/head, reduce 5g/ head afterwards every day, until powered milk substitute scale of feeding reaches 30g/ day/head, feed every day three times,
Time be morning 7:00,13:30 at noon and 20:00 in evening.Starting during 10 age in days to add opened guideway and clover, clover all cuts into
The equal free choice feeding of 6-8cm length, opened guideway and clover.
38 age in days wean, stop feeding powered milk substitute and opened guideway, feed 300g/ day/head of concentrated feed, 6-8cm length after wean
Clover free choice feeding.The situation that feeds is referring specifically to table 3.
Table 3
From the beginning of 10 ages in days (the 1st week), the body weight measuring lamb in the most continuous two days and feed intake, until 66 ages in days, i.e.
8th weekend.As it is shown in figure 1, and compared with the lamb that feeds of conventional method for breeding (code name is designated as CF, lower with), the present invention (code name note
For FF, lower with) feed intake of opened guideway before lamb wean can be improved, the lamb that the present invention raises can be good at fitting after wean
Concentrated feed, and the more clover that can search for food, the lamb that conventional feed mode feeds is answered could gradually to reach two weeks after in wean
Level to the present invention.Comparing with conventional method for breeding, the present invention can increase the body weight (see Fig. 2) of lamb and daily gain (see figure
3).As shown in table 4, the present invention can dramatically increase the weight of lamb trunk, cud and omasum.As shown in table 5, the present invention can be certain
Increase the length of cud nipple in degree, promote the growth of cud.
Table 4 the present embodiment feeds trunk and the glandular stomach weight of lamb with conventional method for breeding
Table 5 the present embodiment feeds lamb cud nipple parameter with conventional method for breeding
The present inventor uses identical method for breeding to raise calf, have also been obtained above-mentioned identical conclusion, therefore, the present invention
Method for breeding both can effectively facilitate lamb/calf cud grow, improve lamb/calf production performance, the most also may be used
To help early weaning and to reduce ablactation stress.
Embodiment described above is the one preferably scheme of the present invention, not makees the present invention any pro forma
Limit, on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim, also have other variant and remodeling.
Claims (2)
1. the method for breeding promoting that lamb/calf cud is grown, it is characterised in that: use in this method for breeding feeds day
Grain includes powered milk substitute, opened guideway, concentrated feed and clover；
Search for food breast milk after cub birth, when 5 age in days, cub is separated with dam, feed powered milk substitute, four times per day, be not intended to adopt
Food；
When 9 age in days, measure the powered milk substitute feed intake of every cub, search for food offer foundation for limiting powered milk substitute, cub 9 age in days generation
The average feed intake of milk powder is determined as A g/ day/head, then 10 ages in days feed powered milk substitute A g/ day/head, and later every day reduces (3%-
5%) A g/ head powered milk substitute, until scale of feeding every day reaches to stop reducing during (20% ± 2%) A g/ day/head, i.e. maintain (20% ±
2%) A g/ day/head day scale of feeding is constant, and the early, middle and late timing of every natural gift feeds once；
When 10 age in days, add opened guideway and clover, for cub free choice feeding, with the feed intake of limit powered milk substitute, and subtract day by day
Few, feed every day three times, to promote searching for food of opened guideway and clover；
Wean when 38 age in days, stop feeding powered milk substitute and opened guideway, be changed to feed the concentrated feed of adults, and limit essence and raise
Searching for food of material, clover still free choice feeding.
The method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this raising side
In method, clover edible before cub wean, need through chaffcutter cutting process, if feeding lamb, length should be at 6-8 cm, if raising
Feeding calf, length is at 8-9 cm.
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| CN201410567531.9A CN104335971B (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | A kind of method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow |
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| CN201410567531.9A CN104335971B (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | A kind of method for breeding promoting lamb/calf cud to grow |
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| CN105145478B (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2018-09-11 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | A kind of method for breeding promoting 0~2 monthly age lamb histoorgan and gastrointestinal development |
| CN105360062B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-11-28 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | A kind of intensity feeding for fattening method for shortening the pastoral area sheep lamb fattening cycle |
| CN105166390A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 四川铁骑力士实业有限公司 | Complete formula pelleted feed for promoting lamb rumen growth and preparation method of complete formula pelleted feed |
| CN105284722A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | Breeding method carrying out weaning according to starter feed intake of lambs |
| CN105638569A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-08 | 金寨县金安山羊养殖专业合作社 | Feeding method for lambs to leave sheepfold in advance |
| CN106107074A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 北京三元禾丰牧业有限公司 | A kind of powered milk substitute preventing lamb gastrointestinal tract flatulence and opened guideway and feeding method |
| CN106212381B (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-10-23 | 天津市畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of method of calf acidification milk groupuscule health raising |
| CN106332837B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-05-14 | 界首市双马养殖专业合作社 | A kind of method for breeding for making sheep lamb quickly wean |
| CN106577479A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-04-26 | 广西兴业县金泉牧业养殖专业合作社 | Yellow calf raising method |
| CN106804532A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-09 | 新疆西部牧业股份有限公司 | Angus beef calf rearing management method |
| CN107410183B (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2020-12-11 | 浙江农林大学 | Early-weaning breeding method for Hu sheep lambs |
| CN113229410B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-08-19 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | Feed additive for promoting rumen development of young ruminants and feed thereof |
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| CN1723791A (en) * | 2004-07-19 | 2006-01-25 | 北京锦绣大地农业股份有限公司 | Method for feeding young beef |
| EP2384647A1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-09 | Adexgo Ltd. | Feed additive compositions and method for the production thereof |
| CN102293332A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-12-28 | 天津市畜牧兽医研究所 | Milk replacer for stimulating calf rumen development and feeding method thereof |
| WO2013052788A2 (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2013-04-11 | Land O'lakes Purina Feed Llc | System and method for feeding ruminants based on rumen morphology |
| CN102524170B (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2014-06-11 | 余文莉 | Feeding method of pure breed Japanese calf |
| CN103250892B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2014-10-15 | 华中农业大学 | Buffalo calf starter feed |
| CN103518864A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-22 | 侯勇跃 | Lamb disease-resistant nutritious composite milk replacer and preparation method |
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