The efficiency-timed electric power system of discharge and recharge
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric power system technical field, particularly relate to a kind of efficiency-timed electric power system of discharge and recharge.
Background technology
The common lead-acid accumulator of existing market electricity energy storage type, lithium-ions battery, super capacitor, nickel-hydrogen accumulator
Etc. technology;These accumulator cell charging and discharging key problem in technology points are the safe efficient and long-life, this just require charging process want controlled or
Based Intelligent Control.Requirement can not overcharge, and efficiently requires that control technology constantly adjusts strength of charging current, greatly electricity according to battery condition
Stream fill soon, constant current uniform charging, trickle charge;Make charging highly effective and safe quick.Control that different size of current is maximally effective does
Method is exactly the management of PWM(pulse width) control technology.
(1) concrete 48V accumulator charge waveforms is as shown in Figure 6, the so-called main waveform of PWM charging technique, and waveform can basis
Accumulator battery state of charge impulse waveform width, duty when frequency change, overall so there being half the time in charging process
Waveform pass zero point, the power supply or the photovoltaic that are equivalent to whole charging have half the time having a rest.Here it is accumulator charging
The low true cause of efficiency.Have the most in the industry and be in short called charging 1.5 multiplying powers.Charging is gone with the energy more than 1.5 times, could handle
Accumulator is full of.Energy storage charge efficiency low (67%).
(2) power supply or the solar energy photovoltaic utilization rate charged are low: discharge and recharge energy storage technology aggregate efficiency 54%, charge efficiency
(66.7%), discharging efficiency (83%).
Every piece of original for accumulator accumulator is divided into voltage, capacity is the most identical two pieces, as it is shown in fig. 7, by controlling
Technology allows the accumulator alternating, complementary respectively being divided into two groups charge, often string battery charging process and single string identical PWM of accumulator
Control charging, but go here and there accumulator total charging current in parallel by complementary charging technique two and effect is doubled, charging effect
Rate is doubled.And storage battery safety Charge Management is all identical with original single group storage battery;The effect produced is exactly same
Under the conditions of Deng, the accumulator charging interval shortens half;Photovoltaic generation is equivalent to imitate for solar energy power generating function
Rate is doubled.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is aiming at the problems referred to above, it is provided that a kind of efficiency-timed electric power system of discharge and recharge.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that, the present invention includes photovoltaic generation part G1... Gn,
Can charge-discharge battery B Deng the energy storage of capacity1、B2, interlocking linkage type switch K1、K2, fast diode D1、D2, that cut-offs opens simultaneously
Close K3、K4With load L, its structural feature G1... Gn positive pole, B1、B2Positive pole, L positive pole are connected, G1... Gn negative pole and K1、K2One
End is connected, K1The other end, B1Negative pole, D1Negative electrode, K3One end is connected.
K2The other end, B2Negative pole, D2Negative electrode, K4One end is connected.
D1Anode, D2Anode, ground wire are connected.
K3The other end, K4The other end, L negative pole are connected.
Described K1、K2Use two AOT460 in parallel pipes, K1、K2Drain electrode is connected, K1Grid respectively with a NPN audion
Emitter stage, the first PNP triode emitter stage are connected, and a NPN transistor collector meets power supply VCC, a NPN audion base
Pole, the first PNP triode base stage, the 2nd NPN tri-pole colelctor electrode are connected, the 2nd NPN tri-pole emitter stage, the first PNP triode collection
Electrode, ground wire are connected, and the 2nd NPN transistor base and the 3rd NPN transistor collector are connected, the 3rd NPN transistor emitter
Ground connection, the 3rd NPN transistor base, pwm signal input port, the 4th NPN transistor base are connected.
4th NPN transistor collector, the 5th NPN transistor base, the second PNP triode base stage are connected, the 4th NPN tri-
Pole pipe emitter stage, ground wire, the second PNP triode colelctor electrode are connected, and the 5th NPN transistor collector meets power supply VCC, the 5th NPN
Transistor emitter, the second PNP triode emitter stage, K2 grid are connected.
As a kind of preferred version, energy storage of the present invention can charge-discharge battery be lithium battery or lead-acid battery.
As another kind of preferred version, present invention additionally comprises fast diode D3、D4、D5、D6, D1、D3、D5Parallel connection, D2、D4、
D5In parallel.
As another kind of preferred version, K of the present invention1、K2For MOS switch pipe, IGBT or relay.
Secondly, K of the present invention1、K2Control circuit according to the charging energy-storing Type Control K of battery1、K2Carry out chain
Interaction is alternately cut-off, and the waveform that each of which is cut-off is square wave, adjustable pulse width system.
It addition, K of the present invention1、K2Waveform duty cycle is controlled according to battery types and state SDC and adjusts.
Beneficial effect of the present invention.
Accumulator is grouped by the present invention, passes through K1K2Interlocking linkage control model, can realize the safe and efficient charging of accumulator battery
Technology, simultaneously K1K2Alternately cut-off control, it is achieved efficiently double power supply point (other form of power such as photovoltaic, civil power) charging technique.
D of the present invention1D2For the fast diode that forward resistance is minimum.D1D2It is isolation that connection determines two group storage battery groups,
Have simultaneously and vise grounding function, all the time two group storage battery group negative poles are vised near zero potential.
The present invention passes through K3K4Cut-off control simultaneously, load is combined simultaneously and cut-off, it is achieved energy-storage system is to load
Power supply, it is achieved two group storage battery associating parallel operation technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention will be further described with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Scope not only limits to
Statement in herein below.
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention saves K3, K4 structural representation.
Fig. 3 is K of the present invention1K2Charge waveforms.
Fig. 4 is that power supply of the present invention is to accumulator always charging figure (I=I1+I2=2I1).
Fig. 5 is present invention negative pole system schematic altogether.
Fig. 6 is 48V accumulator charge waveforms figure.
Fig. 7 is to be allowed the accumulator being divided into two groups distinguish alternating, complementary charging schematic diagram by control technology.
Fig. 8 is K of the present invention1K2Control drive part schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
As it can be seen, the present invention includes photovoltaic generation part G1... Gn, the energy storage waiting capacity can charge-discharge battery B1、B2,
Interlocking linkage type switch K1、K2, fast diode D1、D2, the switch K that simultaneously cut-offs3、K4With load L, G1... Gn positive pole, B1、
B2Positive pole, L positive pole are connected, G1... Gn negative pole and K1、K2One end is connected, K1The other end, B1Negative pole, D1Negative electrode, K3One end is connected.
K2The other end, B2Negative pole, D2Negative electrode, K4One end is connected.
D1Anode, D2Anode, ground wire are connected.
K3The other end, K4The other end, L negative pole are connected.
G1... Gn can also be civil power or power supply.
Described energy storage can charge-discharge battery be lithium battery or lead-acid battery.B1、B2Energy storage for the B/2 of capacity such as grade can charge and discharge
The lithium battery of electricity or lead-acid battery.
K can be controlled by control circuit1K2Switch off time, conducting duration, but K1K2Interlock type switch, i.e. K1Logical, K2Disconnected.
K1Disconnected, K2Logical.
Present invention additionally comprises fast diode D3、D4、D5、D6, D1、D3、D5Parallel connection, D2、D4、D5In parallel.By D1D2……D4
Multiple vise the used in parallel of ground connection fast diode, it is possible to achieve while accumulator packet efficiently multiplication charging, realize electric power storage
Pond packet combining energy storage full capacity power supply technique.
Described K1、K2Use two AOT460 in parallel pipes, K1、K2Drain electrode is connected, K1Grid respectively with a NPN audion
Emitter stage, the first PNP triode emitter stage are connected, and a NPN transistor collector meets power supply VCC, a NPN audion base
Pole, the first PNP triode base stage, the 2nd NPN tri-pole colelctor electrode are connected, the 2nd NPN tri-pole emitter stage, the first PNP triode collection
Electrode, ground wire are connected, and the 2nd NPN transistor base and the 3rd NPN transistor collector are connected, the 3rd NPN transistor emitter
Ground connection, the 3rd NPN transistor base, pwm signal input port, the 4th NPN transistor base are connected.
4th NPN transistor collector, the 5th NPN transistor base, the second PNP triode base stage are connected, the 4th NPN tri-
Pole pipe emitter stage, ground wire, the second PNP triode colelctor electrode are connected, and the 5th NPN transistor collector meets power supply VCC, the 5th NPN
Transistor emitter, the second PNP triode emitter stage, K2 grid are connected.
As shown in Figure 8, charging pwm signal is divided into two-way and goes to control two group storage battery charging circuits, this two-way charging circuit
Principle be identical.Wherein a road negates through NPN audion, and this makes two-way charging circuit alternation.Two NPN pipes
Combination with a PNP pipe is used for amplifying pwm signal so that it is voltage amplitude be enough to the closedown controlling NMOS tube AOT460 and opens
Open, meanwhile, control charging current according to different dutycycles.
Described K1、K2For MOS switch pipe, IGBT or relay.
Described K1、K2Control circuit according to the charging energy-storing Type Control K of battery1、K2Carry out chain interaction alternately to open
Disconnected, the waveform that each of which is cut-off is square wave, adjustable pulse width system.The charging energy-storing type of battery such as lead-acid battery, lithium battery.
Charging energy-storing Type Control charge switch frequency according to battery is the routine techniques of those skilled in the art.
Described K1、K2Waveform duty cycle is controlled according to battery types and state SDC and adjusts.Charge switch waveform accounts for
Empty is the routine techniques of those skilled in the art than being controlled according to battery types and state SDC and adjusting.
Charge efficiency multiplication of the present invention is it is crucial that a former group storage battery according to " voltage not varying capacity become half " principle
It is divided into two string accumulator batteries.Two string accumulator complementations the most efficiently charging is completed by control technology.
As shown in Figure 1.
1) capacity becomes half: completed by two groups of back-to-back isolation clamp diodes, and isolating diode requires that low resistance is fast
Speed conducting diode.The capacity of diode is not enough symmetrical can increase back-to-back diodes in parallel number.To adapt to big electric current
Need.If two groups of back-to-back clamp diodes are arranged between two group storage battery positive poles, it is simply that negative pole interconnection technique altogether.As
Really two groups of back-to-back clamp diodes are arranged between two group storage battery negative poles (such as Fig. 1), it is simply that positive pole interconnection technique altogether.Two kinds
The position that clamp diode is installed is different, but all can complete accumulator classification complementation and efficiently double charging control function, is all
Within scope of patent protection.
2) accumulator can be carried out during charging and discharging simultaneously, it is also possible to individually carries out.Charging process is by intelligence
Controlling technical controlling K1 and K2 alternate conduction, solar panel is turned on by K1 and is charged to accumulator B1 group, controls
Circuit controls K2 while controlling K1 Guan Bi charging and opens, otherwise K2 connects and controls to accumulator battery B2 charging control circuit simultaneously
K1 disconnects.Two group storage batteries complete the complementary charging technique of two group storage battery groups through the folding that automatically replaces of control circuit, and
For the sun-generated electric power of whole power supply or charging, the synthetic waveform of two string accumulator chargings is equivalent to add charging current
Big one times, premise often goes here and there Battery charge controller allows the reservation safe and efficient long-life, and the mechanism of control does not become.
3) discharge process has been closed at by control circuit control K3 and K4.Thus can ensure that two groups
Accumulator string in parallel after power to load balancing simultaneously.Isolation clamp diode plays equilibrium buffer action, when wherein one
String battery tension step-down: such as: Ub1 < Ub2, the most unbalanced above certain value, B2 is charged to B1 by K3, K4 of conducting
Reaching two string accumulator battery voltage equilibrium circulation is zero.
4) discharge switch K3, K4 can save simultaneously, and this replaces with the wire that two root volumes are the biggest so that load is directly logical
Cross two conductor in parallel to power.Load-side can increase by one group and complete for controlling the single switch of loaded work piece, such as Fig. 2 institute
Show.
Under load continuous electric power thus supplied, the K in K3, K4 and Fig. 2 can keep closure state always.
The art of this patent is applicable not only to angle of solar battery system, the various power supplies of the band energy storage such as power station and wind-solar-diesel storage system
System, including micro-grid system, and is applicable to the charging pile of vehicle electric system.
It is understood that above with respect to the specific descriptions of the present invention, be merely to illustrate the present invention and be not limited to this
Technical scheme described by inventive embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that, still can carry out the present invention
Amendment or equivalent, to reach identical technique effect;As long as meet use needs, all protection scope of the present invention it
In.