CN106197904A - Distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly - Google Patents
Distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106197904A CN106197904A CN201610426164.XA CN201610426164A CN106197904A CN 106197904 A CN106197904 A CN 106197904A CN 201610426164 A CN201610426164 A CN 201610426164A CN 106197904 A CN106197904 A CN 106197904A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- beam splitter
- outfan
- input
- optical fiber
- splitting ratio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/38—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/322—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Brillouin scattering
Abstract
The present invention relates to long distance oil-gas pipeline monitoring device technical field, the distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly that the optical fiber distributed temperature of a kind of situation reflecting pipeline damage and leakage for the environment around long distance oil-gas pipeline and vibration are monitored simultaneously, it is characterized in that including light source, 1 splitting ratio is 1 × 2 beam splitter of 90:10, manipulator, image intensifer, circulator, Polarization Controller, 3 splitting ratios are 1 × 2 beam splitter of 50:50, sensing optic cable, frequency shifter, 32 × 2 beam splitters, 3 balanced detector, polarization beam apparatus, multipath high-speed harvester, control card and industrial computer, the present invention is compared with prior art, there is monitoring accurately, the significantly advantage such as reliable operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to long distance oil-gas pipeline monitoring device technical field, a kind of for long distance oil-gas
It is distributed that the environment reflection pipeline damage of pipeline and the optical fiber distributed temperature of the situation of leakage and vibration are monitored simultaneously
Fiber Duct safety monitoring assembly.
Background technology
It is known that pipeline conveying is the mainstay of oil or natural gas transportation, it it is the aorta of production of hydrocarbons.China
Weak to the safeguard way of pipe safety, the form of pipe safety is the severeest.In recent years, gas oil pipe leakage combustion explosion thing
Part is a lot of, causes mass casualties, economic loss and environmental pollution.Pipeline fault in addition to self deterioration, technology construction problem,
Artificial malicious sabotage, drilling hole of oil stolen etc. are also the crucial hidden danger causing pipe leakage, and according to statistics, annual drilling hole of oil stolen all has up to a hundred
Secondary, and low speed drilling hole of oil stolen almost can't find.Circumstance complication laid by pipeline, and the varying environment such as surrounding city, mountain forest field is long
About tens kilometers, the monitoring in real time of pipe safety to be realized has high technical difficulty.
The mode that current each pipeline company realizes safety monitoring is mainly manual inspection, it is impossible to reach the mesh monitored in real time
's.Also there is correlation technique monitoring means simultaneously, such as suction wave monitoring mode, be mainly used in when pipeline leaks suddenly applying, for
Little leakage and the leakage effect having occurred and that are undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to shortcoming and defect present in prior art, it is proposed that a kind of by pipeline environmental characteristics
Change realize the monitoring of safety, obtain the temperature of pipeline and vibration information, change really according to temperature and vibration information
Determine leak position and carry out the distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly reported to the police.
The present invention is reached by following measures:
A kind of distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly, it is characterised in that include that light source, 1 splitting ratio are the 1 × 2 of 90:10
Beam splitter, manipulator, image intensifer, circulator, Polarization Controller, 3 splitting ratios are 1 × 2 beam splitter of 50:50, sense light
Cable, frequency shifter, 32 × 2 beam splitters, 3 balanced detector, polarization beam apparatus, multipath high-speed harvester, controls block and industry control
Machine, wherein light source is connected with the input of 1 × 2 beam splitter that splitting ratio is 90:10, in the two-way outfan of 1 × 2 beam splitter
90% 1 tunnel output is connected with the input of photomodulator, and the outfan of photomodulator is connected with the IN end of image intensifer, light modulation
The impulse modulation end of device is connected with the Pulse Width Control end controlling card；The OUT terminal of amplifier is connected with the port 1 of circulator, annular
The port 2 of device is connected with sensing optic cable, the input phase of the port 3 of circulator and 1 × 2 beam splitter 1 that splitting ratio is 50:50
Even；Splitting ratio is the light input end of 10% 1 tunnel output connection Polarization Controller of 1 × 2 beam splitter of 90:10, Polarization Controller
Automatically controlled port be connected with the automatically controlled end controlling card, the outfan of Polarization Controller and splitting ratio are 1 × 2 beam splitter 2 of 50:50
Input be connected；2 splitting ratios are that the outfan 1 of 1 × 2 beam splitter of 50:50 connects temperature sensing module respectively, 2 points
Light connects vibration detecting module respectively than the outfan 2 of 1 × 2 beam splitter for 50:50；Wherein splitting ratio in temperature sensing module
Outfan 1 for 1 × 2 beam splitter 2 of 50:50 is connected with frequency shifter input, the output of frequency shifter and 2 × 2 beam splitters one
Input 2 is connected；Splitting ratio is that the outfan 1 of 1 × 2 beam splitter 1 of 50:50 is connected with the input 2 of 2 × 2 beam splitters one, 2
2 outfans of × 2 beam splitters one are connected with the light input end of balanced detector one, and the outfan of balanced detector one is as temperature
The output of degree detecting module is connected with multipath high-speed harvester passage 1；In vibration detecting module, splitting ratio is 1 × 2 point of 50:50
The outfan 2 of light device 1 is connected with the input of polarization beam apparatus, splitting ratio be 1 × 2 beam splitter 2 of 50:50 outfan 2 with
Splitting ratio is that the input of 1 × 2 beam splitter three of 50:50 is connected, and splitting ratio is 1 × 2 beam splitter three outfan 1 He of 50:50
Polarization beam apparatus outfan 1 is connected with 2 inputs of 2 × 2 beam splitters two, 2 outfans of 2 × 2 beam splitters two and balance
The optic fibre input end of detector two is connected, and splitting ratio is 1 × 2 beam splitter three outfan 2 and the polarization beam apparatus outfan of 50:50
2 are connected with 2 inputs of another road 2 × 2 beam splitter three, 2 outfans of 2 × 2 beam splitters three and balanced detector three
Optic fibre input end is connected, and the outfan of 2 balanced detector is as the output of vibration detecting module and multipath high-speed harvester passage 2
It is connected with passage 3；Multipath high-speed harvester synchronizes end and is connected with controlling card, multipath high-speed harvester outfan and host computer phase
Even；Control card signal end to be connected with the control output end of host computer.
Heretofore described light source is super-narrow line width laser instrument, and live width is less than 5kHz, and frequency stability is less than 50MHz,
Output is more than 20mW, polarization property, and polarization extinction ratio is more than 23dB, and DFB laser tube and super-narrow line width optical fiber can be used to swash
Light device realizes；
Heretofore described manipulator, extinction ratio is more than 40dB, and return loss is more than 40dB, and the rise time is less than 20ns, can
Acousto-optic modulator, electrooptic modulator and semiconductor optical amplifier is used to realize the modulating action of pulse signal；
Heretofore described 1 × 2 beam splitter (90:10), splitting ratio is 90:10, main detection light and the differential reference light of realizing
Distinguish；
Heretofore described image intensifer, it is possible to carry out the amplification of pulse signal, the output of amplifier peak power, can more than 2W
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier is used to realize；
Heretofore described Polarization Controller, for automatically controlled Polarization Controller, can adjust the polarization of input light in real time by signal
State, it is ensured that its polarization state is consistent with detectable signal；
Heretofore described 1 × 2 beam splitter (50:50), splitting ratio is 50:50, mainly realizes 1 road signal and divides equally two-way or two-way
Signal is coupled into the function on 1 tunnel；
Heretofore described frequency shifter, mainly realizes the effect of optical signal frequency displacement, can use the mode such as acousto-optic modulation, Electro-optical Modulation
Realize；
Optical circulator of the present invention, is 3 port circulators, and respectively 1 port enters 2 and goes out, and 2 ports enter 3 ports and go out, port it
Between isolation more than 40dB, each passage Insertion Loss is less than 0.7dB;
Heretofore described sensing optic cable, uses special vibration optical cable, and while ensureing to adapt to outdoor environment, internal optical fiber is not
Affected by force, vibration sensing is strong, to adapt to the accurate detection of signal；
2 × 2 heretofore described beam splitters, mainly realize 2 road signal gathering and separation, enter balanced detector and visit
Survey；
Heretofore described balanced detector, it is desirable to the optical information of input two-way phase contrast 180 degree, carries out coherent detection, energy
Enough effectively filtering out direct current signal, direct detection useful information, in combination with amplifying and filter circuit, it is achieved detectable signal amplify and
Process；
Polarization beam apparatus residing in the present invention, is separated into respective line polarized light by the polarized light of scattered signal both direction,
Carry out the coherent detection of the light of both direction；
Heretofore described multipath high-speed harvester, is divided into data acquisition module, FPGA and peripheral circuit composition, acquisition module
Have employed 3 high-speed ADCs and difference channel composition, the highest sampling rate is up to 100MSPS.FPGA is for Control peripheral circuit
Duty and the work schedule of whole system, its major function has: 1, achieve the startup to 3 tunnels collection ADC and stopping is adopted
Collection is individually controlled function；2, the RAM block within employing builds memory element and achieves the accumulation function to collection data, tired
Add number of times up to 25.6 ten thousand times；3, high-speed PCI E transmission mechanism is used, it is ensured that the real-time accurate delivery of signal；
Heretofore described control card, mainly realizes modulation intelligence, Polarization Control information and the conduction of synchronizing information, to modulation
Device, Polarization Controller and harvester realize controlling in real time；
Heretofore described host computer, can use complete machine industrial computer or industrial control mainboard to realize, and industrial computer can be mutual with capture card,
Carry out data process after the data collected being uploaded, and according to gathering data partition control mode, send to control card and control
Instruction；It is simultaneously emitted by warning message and carries out equipment linkage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring system implementation method block diagram
Fig. 2 is temperature sensing module detailed design and device composition schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is vibration detecting module detailed design and device composition schematic diagram
Reference: light source 1,1 × 2 beam splitter (90:10) 2, manipulator 3, image intensifer 4, circulator 5, sensing optic cable 6,1 ×
2 beam splitter 1(50:50) 7, Polarization Controller 8,1 × 2 beam splitter 2(50:50) 9, temperature sensing module 10, vibration detecting module
11, multipath high-speed harvester 12, control card 13, host computer 14, frequency shifter 15,2 × 2 beam splitter 1, balanced detector 1,
Polarization beam apparatus 18,1 × 2 beam splitter 3 19,2 × 2 beam splitter 2 20, balanced detector 2 21,2 × 2 beam splitter 3 22, balance
Detector 3 23.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
First, light source part (1) output continuous light signal, through 1 × 2 beam splitter (90:10) (2) be divided into 90% 1 road and
10% 1 tunnel output；
Second, 90% output optical signal sends into manipulator (3), and the controlled fabrication of manipulator drives, and the light of light source is carried out pulse tune
System, is converted into pulsed light by continuous light, carries out optical signal amplification by image intensifer (4), promotes luminous power；
3rd, the pulsed light after amplification arrives in sensing optic cable (6) through circulator (5) output, the back scattering that sensing optic cable produces
Signal returns through circulator (5), by 1 × 2 beam splitter 1(7) it is divided into 2 tunnels, wherein a road is used for temperature sensing, and another road is used for cloth
In deep pool detection；
4th, 10% output optical signal sends into Polarization Controller (8), the polarization direction card control driven that Polarization Controller regulates,
Signal after Polarization Controller adjustment is by 1 × 2 beam splitter 2(9) it is divided into 2 tunnels, wherein a road is used for temperature sensing, and another road is used for
Brillouin detects；
5th, the temperature sensing output signal of 2 beam splitters enters temperature sensing module (10), by 1 × 2 beam splitter 2 inside it
The continuous light signal of input carries out shift frequency by frequency shifter (15), and shift frequency is to frequency range same with Brillouin signal, the signal after shift frequency
Separate after carrying out being concerned with by 2 × 2 beam splitters one (16) with the scattered signal of 1 × 2 beam splitter 1 input, separately two-beam phase place
Differing 180 degree, carry out heterodyne detection through balanced detector one (17), its output signal passes through multichannel as temperature detection signal
High speed acquisition device (12) gathers；
6th, the vibration detecting output signal of 2 beam splitters enters vibration detecting module (11), by 1 × 2 beam splitter 1 inside it
The scattered light signal of input entered polarization beam apparatus (18) and was divided into orthogonal two-route wire polarized light；It is continuous that 1 × 2 beam splitter 2 inputs
Optical signal is divided into two-way through 1 × 2 beam splitter three, and the two-way with two-way polarized light each enters 2 × 2 beam splitters two respectively
(20), 2 × 2 beam splitters three (22), 2 × 2 beam splitters separate after carrying out being concerned with, and visit through balanced detector two (21) and balance respectively
Surveying device three (22) detection output, two-way output signal is gathered by multipath high-speed harvester (12) as vibration detecting signal；
7th, set 3 road ADC detections in high speed acquisition device (12), carry out analog digital conversion, the digital signal collected is uploaded simultaneously
Host computer (14) carries out data process and calculating, is connect by USB or PCI between host computer (14) and control card (11) simultaneously
Port communications, completes host computer to bottom hardware control.
Claims (7)
1. a distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly, it is characterised in that include that light source, 1 splitting ratio are 90:10 1 ×
2 beam splitters, manipulator, image intensifer, circulator, Polarization Controller, 3 splitting ratios are 1 × 2 beam splitter of 50:50, sense light
Cable, frequency shifter, 32 × 2 beam splitters, 3 balanced detector, polarization beam apparatus, multipath high-speed harvester, controls block and industry control
Machine, wherein light source is connected with the input of 1 × 2 beam splitter that splitting ratio is 90:10, in the two-way outfan of 1 × 2 beam splitter
90% 1 tunnel output is connected with the input of photomodulator, and the outfan of photomodulator is connected with the IN end of image intensifer, light modulation
The impulse modulation end of device is connected with the Pulse Width Control end controlling card；The OUT terminal of amplifier is connected with the port 1 of circulator, annular
The port 2 of device is connected with sensing optic cable, the input phase of the port 3 of circulator and 1 × 2 beam splitter 1 that splitting ratio is 50:50
Even；Splitting ratio is the light input end of 10% 1 tunnel output connection Polarization Controller of 1 × 2 beam splitter of 90:10, Polarization Controller
Automatically controlled port be connected with the automatically controlled end controlling card, the outfan of Polarization Controller and splitting ratio are 1 × 2 beam splitter 2 of 50:50
Input be connected；2 splitting ratios are that the outfan 1 of 1 × 2 beam splitter of 50:50 connects temperature sensing module respectively, 2 points
Light connects vibration detecting module respectively than the outfan 2 of 1 × 2 beam splitter for 50:50；Wherein splitting ratio in temperature sensing module
Outfan 1 for 1 × 2 beam splitter 2 of 50:50 is connected with frequency shifter input, the output of frequency shifter and 2 × 2 beam splitters one
Input 2 is connected；Splitting ratio is that the outfan 1 of 1 × 2 beam splitter 1 of 50:50 is connected with the input 2 of 2 × 2 beam splitters one, 2
2 outfans of × 2 beam splitters one are connected with the light input end of balanced detector one, and the outfan of balanced detector one is as temperature
The output of degree detecting module is connected with multipath high-speed harvester passage 1；In vibration detecting module, splitting ratio is 1 × 2 point of 50:50
The outfan 2 of light device 1 is connected with the input of polarization beam apparatus, splitting ratio be 1 × 2 beam splitter 2 of 50:50 outfan 2 with
Splitting ratio is that the input of 1 × 2 beam splitter three of 50:50 is connected, and splitting ratio is 1 × 2 beam splitter three outfan 1 He of 50:50
Polarization beam apparatus outfan 1 is connected with 2 inputs of 2 × 2 beam splitters two, 2 outfans of 2 × 2 beam splitters two and balance
The optic fibre input end of detector two is connected, and splitting ratio is 1 × 2 beam splitter three outfan 2 and the polarization beam apparatus outfan of 50:50
2 are connected with 2 inputs of another road 2 × 2 beam splitter three, 2 outfans of 2 × 2 beam splitters three and balanced detector three
Optic fibre input end is connected, and the outfan of 2 balanced detector is as the output of vibration detecting module and multipath high-speed harvester passage 2
It is connected with passage 3；Multipath high-speed harvester synchronizes end and is connected with controlling card, multipath high-speed harvester outfan and host computer phase
Even；Control card signal end to be connected with the control output end of host computer.
A kind of distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described light source
For super-narrow line width laser instrument, live width is less than 5kHz, and frequency stability is less than 50MHz, and output is more than 20mW, polarization property,
Polarization extinction ratio is more than 23dB, uses DFB laser tube and super-narrow line width optical fiber laser to realize.
A kind of distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described modulation
Device, extinction ratio is more than 40dB, and return loss is more than 40dB, and the rise time is less than 20ns, uses acousto-optic modulator, electrooptic modulator
With the modulating action that semiconductor optical amplifier realizes pulse signal.
A kind of distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described light is put
Big device, it is possible to carry out the amplification of pulse signal, the output of amplifier peak power, more than 2W, uses erbium-doped fiber amplifier real
Existing.
A kind of distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described ring of light
Shape device, is 3 port circulators, and respectively 1 port enters 2 and goes out, and 2 ports enter 3 ports and go out, and between port, isolation is more than 40dB, respectively
Passage Insertion Loss is less than 0.7dB.
A kind of distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described balance
Detector, it is desirable to the optical information of input two-way phase contrast 180 degree, carries out coherent detection, it is possible to effectively filter out direct current signal, directly
Detection useful information, in combination with amplifying and filter circuit, it is achieved detectable signal amplifies and processes.
A kind of distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described multichannel
High speed acquisition device, is divided into data acquisition module, FPGA and peripheral circuit composition, and acquisition module have employed 3 high-speed ADCs and difference
Circuit forms, and the highest sampling rate reaches 100MSPS.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610426164.XA CN106197904A (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610426164.XA CN106197904A (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | Distributed optical fiber pipeline safety monitoring assembly |
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| CN106197904A true CN106197904A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
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| CN107894276A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-10 | 威海北洋光电信息技术股份公司 | The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device and implementation method of a kind of high frequency sound |
| CN108225538A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-29 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of mining passive emergency management and rescue signal supervisory instrument of distribution |
| CN109323750A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-02-12 | 武汉理工光科股份有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system and phase demodulating method |
| CN110118308A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Pipe corrosion condition detection device and method |
| CN110793616A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-14 | 深圳第三代半导体研究院 | All-fiber distributed cable safety and reliability monitoring system |
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Application publication date: 20161207 |