CN106187292A - A kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud - Google Patents
A kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN106187292A CN106187292A CN201610545126.6A CN201610545126A CN106187292A CN 106187292 A CN106187292 A CN 106187292A CN 201610545126 A CN201610545126 A CN 201610545126A CN 106187292 A CN106187292 A CN 106187292A
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud, in units of weight portion, including following raw material: dewatered sludge 46 86 parts, agricultural crop straw 36 50 parts, cryolite 10 24 parts, 10 22 parts of calcite, bentonite 10 16 parts, bismuth oxide 8 12 parts, titanium dioxide 6 10 parts, tungsten oxide 6 12 parts, 46 parts of aluminum fragment, glass fibre 23 parts, water reducer 23 parts, foaming agent 0.6 1.2 parts, foaming control agent 0.4 1 parts, catalyst 0.4 0.6 parts, cross-linking agent 0.4 0.6 parts, foam stabilizer 0.2 0.4 parts, hydrogen peroxide 30 40 parts, 380 480 parts of water.The present invention is the field that biosolid waste, agricultural crop straw open utilization, effectively reduces this makings pottery cost, saving energy resource consumption, it is achieved that turn waste into wealth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ceramic materials preparation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud.
Background technology
Pottery is liked by broad masses of the people deeply for a long time, and they have a lot of advantages: the first, heat stability
Good, heat transfer is slow；The second, chemical stability is good；3rd, it is prone to washing and keeps cleaning；4th, water absorption rate is low.At present, pottery produces
The price of product is higher, and the raw material making pottery also compares shortage, needs to find new raw material.
Our society is additionally present of again a kind of waste material not the most being utilized effectively rolled up
Mud, points out according to " whole nation Pollutant source investigation publication for the first time " of issue in 2010: sewage year actual place of wastewater treatment in China factory
Reason amount is 210.31 hundred million tons, and the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, China increases sewage treatment capacity newly more than 50,000,000 tons of every days, at the sewage of the whole nation
Reason rate is brought up to more than 75% by 52% in 2005.The dewatered sludge that at present China produces every year is 9,000,000 tons, and every year with
The speed increase of more than 10%.Although mud is preferable agricultural fertilizer, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are far above farm manure, but dirty
Mud also has parasite, pathogenic bacteria etc., and bad-smell problem is the most prominent, if fertilized the soil fertile woods with mud, peasant cannot stand its abnormal smells from the patient, no
It is ready to accept.Moreover agricultural production has seasonality, sludge composting was significantly affected by season and sale radius, though the most smelly
The problem agriculture and forestry such as taste utilize the mud of city output of also cannot all dissolving.The most do not find to mud so above till now
Outlet, is still within the status of waste material, on March 28th, 2011 delivered that " sewage disposal, mud how on Science and Technology Daily
Do？" article, appeal that various circles of society are concerned about the problem of Treatment of Sludge, pendulum problem in face of us is how to be existed by mud
It is obtained by pottery.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud, to solve existing pottery
Product price is higher, and the raw material making pottery also compares shortage；And the problem such as mud the most effectively utilization.Use the present invention's
The ceramic breakdown strength that the new ceramic material utilizing mud is made is good；The present invention is that biosolid waste, agricultural crop straw open
The field utilized, effectively reduces this making pottery cost, saves energy resource consumption, it is achieved that turn waste into wealth.
In order to solve above technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud, in units of weight portion, including following raw material: dewatered sludge 46-86 part, farming
Thing straw 36-50 part, cryolite 10-24 part, calcite 10-22 part, bentonite 10-16 part, bismuth oxide 8-12 part, titanium dioxide
6-10 part, tungsten oxide 6-12 part, aluminum fragment 4-6 part, glass fibre 2-3 part, water reducer 2-3 part, foaming agent 0.6-1.2 part, send out
Bubble regulator 0.4-1 part, catalyst 0.4-0.6 part, cross-linking agent 0.4-0.6 part, foam stabilizer 0.2-0.4 part, hydrogen peroxide 30-40
Part, water 380-480 part.Mud in above-mentioned raw materials can be the mud obtained in sanitary sewage disposal, it is also possible to is that industry is dirty
The mud that the mud obtained in water process or life and industry combined sewage obtain in processing, contains Organic substance and a huge sum of money in mud
Belonging to, mud needs by pretreatment, and i.e. except water, deodorization, except Organic substance and separating beavy metal.
The preparation method of the described new ceramic material utilizing mud, comprises the following steps:
S1: by broken to dewatered sludge, agricultural crop straw, cryolite, calcite, bentonite, bismuth oxide, titanium dioxide, tungsten oxide, aluminum
Block, glass fibre are put in pulverizer, pulverize 2-3h, prepare composite granule under rotating speed is 400-800r/min；
S2: the composite granule that step S1 prepares is put in ball mill, ball-milling treatment 1-2h under rotating speed is 500-600r/min
Rear 200-300 mesh sieve of crossing, prepared powder；
S3: the powder that step S2 is prepared and water reducer, foaming agent, foaming control agent, catalyst, cross-linking agent, foam stabilizer, dioxygen
Water, water are that rotating speed is stirring 4-5h under 100-120r/min, prepares slurry in temperature；
S4: by slurry prepared for step S3 under vacuum is 0.85-0.95, evacuation 15-20min, prepare blank；
S5: the blank that step S4 prepares is carried out at 60-70 DEG C microwave treatment, and the process time is 10-20min, exists subsequently
Being sintered at 1250-1300 DEG C, sintering time is 20-25h, prepares the new ceramic material utilizing mud.
Further, water content≤10% of described dewatered sludge.
Further, particle diameter≤300 μm of described agricultural crop straw powder, moisture≤14%.
Further, one or more during described crops include Semen Maydis, Oryza sativa L..
Further, described water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer.
Further, described foaming agent is azodicarbonamide.
Further, described foaming control agent is esters of acrylic acid foaming control agent.
Further, one or both during described catalyst includes stannous octoate, triethylene diamine six water.
Further, described cross-linking agent is cumyl peroxide.
Further, described foam stabilizer is silicone amide.
The method have the advantages that
(1) present invention is the field that biosolid waste, agricultural crop straw open utilization, effectively reduces this makings ceramic cost, joint
About energy resource consumption, it is achieved that turn waste into wealth；
(2) create economic worth, make original stone-broke refuse become the important materials of pottery；
(3) the ceramic breakdown strength using the new ceramic material utilizing mud of the present invention to make is 6.51-6.56KV/mm,
Possessing good impact resistance, other performances are the best.
Detailed description of the invention
For ease of being more fully understood that the present invention, being illustrated by following instance, these examples belong to the protection of the present invention
Scope, but it is not intended to protection scope of the present invention.
In an embodiment, the described new ceramic material utilizing mud, in units of weight portion, including following raw material: dry
Mud 46-86 part, agricultural crop straw 36-50 part, cryolite 10-24 part, calcite 10-22 part, bentonite 10-16 part, oxidation
Bismuth 8-12 part, titanium dioxide 6-10 part, tungsten oxide 6-12 part, aluminum fragment 4-6 part, glass fibre 2-3 part, water reducer 2-3 part, send out
Infusion 0.6-1.2 part, foaming control agent 0.4-1 part, catalyst 0.4-0.6 part, cross-linking agent 0.4-0.6 part, foam stabilizer 0.2-0.4
Part, hydrogen peroxide 30-40 part, water 380-480 part.
Water content≤10% of described dewatered sludge.
Particle diameter≤300 μm of described agricultural crop straw powder, moisture≤14%.
Described crops include one or more in Semen Maydis, Oryza sativa L..
Described water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer.
Described foaming agent is azodicarbonamide.
Described foaming control agent is esters of acrylic acid foaming control agent.
Described catalyst includes one or both in stannous octoate, triethylene diamine six water.
Described cross-linking agent is cumyl peroxide.
Described foam stabilizer is silicone amide.
The preparation method of the described new ceramic material utilizing mud, comprises the following steps:
S1: by broken to dewatered sludge, agricultural crop straw, cryolite, calcite, bentonite, bismuth oxide, titanium dioxide, tungsten oxide, aluminum
Block, glass fibre are put in pulverizer, pulverize 2-3h, prepare composite granule under rotating speed is 400-800r/min；
S2: the composite granule that step S1 prepares is put in ball mill, ball-milling treatment 1-2h under rotating speed is 500-600r/min
Rear 200-300 mesh sieve of crossing, prepared powder；
S3: the powder that step S2 is prepared and water reducer, foaming agent, foaming control agent, catalyst, cross-linking agent, foam stabilizer, dioxygen
Water, water are that rotating speed is stirring 4-5h under 100-120r/min, prepares slurry in temperature；
S4: by slurry prepared for step S3 under vacuum is 0.85-0.95, evacuation 15-20min, prepare blank；
S5: the blank that step S4 prepares is carried out at 60-70 DEG C microwave treatment, and the process time is 10-20min, exists subsequently
Being sintered at 1250-1300 DEG C, sintering time is 20-25h, prepares the new ceramic material utilizing mud.
Below by more specifically embodiment, the present invention will be described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud, in units of weight portion, including following raw material: dewatered sludge 65 parts, crops
Straw 42 parts, cryolite 17 parts, 16 parts of calcite, bentonite 14 parts, bismuth oxide 10 parts, titanium dioxide 8 parts, tungsten oxide 8 parts, aluminum
5 parts of fragment, glass fibre 3 parts, water reducer 3 parts, foaming agent 0.9 part, foaming control agent 0.8 part, catalyst 0.5 part, cross-linking agent
0.5 part, foam stabilizer 0.3 part, hydrogen peroxide 35 parts, 450 parts of water.
The water content of described dewatered sludge is 10%.
Particle diameter≤300 μm of described agricultural crop straw powder, moisture≤14%, described crops are Semen Maydis.
Described water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer.
Described foaming agent is azodicarbonamide.
Described foaming control agent is esters of acrylic acid foaming control agent.
Described catalyst is stannous octoate.
Described cross-linking agent is cumyl peroxide.
Described foam stabilizer is silicone amide.
The preparation method of the described new ceramic material utilizing mud, comprises the following steps:
S1: by broken to dewatered sludge, agricultural crop straw, cryolite, calcite, bentonite, bismuth oxide, titanium dioxide, tungsten oxide, aluminum
Block, glass fibre are put in pulverizer, pulverize 2.5h, prepare composite granule under rotating speed is 600r/min；
S2: the composite granule that step S1 prepares is put in ball mill, mistake after ball-milling treatment 1.5h under rotating speed is 550r/min
250 mesh sieve, prepare powder；
S3: the powder that step S2 is prepared and water reducer, foaming agent, foaming control agent, catalyst, cross-linking agent, foam stabilizer, dioxygen
Water, water are that rotating speed is stirring 4h under 120r/min, prepares slurry in temperature；
S4: slurry step S3 prepared is 0.9 time in vacuum, evacuation 18min prepares blank；
S5: the blank that step S4 prepares is carried out at 65 DEG C microwave treatment, and the process time is 15min, subsequently at 1280 DEG C
Under be sintered, sintering time is 23h, prepares and utilizes the new ceramic material of mud.
Embodiment 2
A kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud, in units of weight portion, including following raw material: dewatered sludge 46 parts, crops
Straw 36 parts, cryolite 10 parts, 10 parts of calcite, bentonite 10 parts, bismuth oxide 8 parts, titanium dioxide 6 parts, tungsten oxide 6 parts, aluminum
4 parts of fragment, glass fibre 2 parts, water reducer 2 parts, foaming agent 0.6 part, foaming control agent 0.4 part, catalyst 0.4 part, cross-linking agent
0.4 part, foam stabilizer 0.2 part, hydrogen peroxide 30 parts, 380 parts of water.
The water content of described dewatered sludge is 7%.
Particle diameter≤300 μm of described agricultural crop straw powder, moisture≤14%, described crops are Oryza sativa L..
Described water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer.
Described foaming agent is azodicarbonamide.
Described foaming control agent is esters of acrylic acid foaming control agent.
Described catalyst is triethylene diamine six water.
Described cross-linking agent is cumyl peroxide.
Described foam stabilizer is silicone amide.
The preparation method of the described new ceramic material utilizing mud, comprises the following steps:
S1: by broken to dewatered sludge, agricultural crop straw, cryolite, calcite, bentonite, bismuth oxide, titanium dioxide, tungsten oxide, aluminum
Block, glass fibre are put in pulverizer, pulverize 3h, prepare composite granule under rotating speed is 400r/min；
S2: put in ball mill by the composite granule that step S1 prepares, crosses 200 under rotating speed is 500r/min after ball-milling treatment 2h
Mesh sieve, prepares powder；
S3: the powder that step S2 is prepared and water reducer, foaming agent, foaming control agent, catalyst, cross-linking agent, foam stabilizer, dioxygen
Water, water are that rotating speed is stirring 5h under 100r/min, prepares slurry in temperature；
S4: slurry step S3 prepared is 0.85 time in vacuum, evacuation 20min prepares blank；
S5: the blank that step S4 prepares is carried out at 60 DEG C microwave treatment, and the process time is 20min, subsequently at 1250 DEG C
Under be sintered, sintering time is 25h, prepares and utilizes the new ceramic material of mud.
Embodiment 3
A kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud, in units of weight portion, including following raw material: dewatered sludge 86 parts, crops
Straw 50 parts, cryolite 24 parts, 22 parts of calcite, bentonite 16 parts, bismuth oxide 12 parts, titanium dioxide 10 parts, tungsten oxide 12 parts,
6 parts of aluminum fragment, glass fibre 3 parts, water reducer 3 parts, foaming agent 1.2 parts, foaming control agent 1 part, catalyst 0.6 part, cross-linking agent
0.6 part, foam stabilizer 0.4 part, hydrogen peroxide 40 parts, 480 parts of water.
The water content of described dewatered sludge is 6%.
Particle diameter≤300 μm of described agricultural crop straw powder, moisture≤14%, described crops are Semen Maydis, Oryza sativa L..
Described water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer.
Described foaming agent is azodicarbonamide.
Described foaming control agent is esters of acrylic acid foaming control agent.
Described catalyst is stannous octoate, triethylene diamine six water.
Described cross-linking agent is cumyl peroxide.
Described foam stabilizer is silicone amide.
The preparation method of the described new ceramic material utilizing mud, comprises the following steps:
S1: by broken to dewatered sludge, agricultural crop straw, cryolite, calcite, bentonite, bismuth oxide, titanium dioxide, tungsten oxide, aluminum
Block, glass fibre are put in pulverizer, pulverize 2h, prepare composite granule under rotating speed is 800r/min；
S2: put in ball mill by the composite granule that step S1 prepares, crosses 300 under rotating speed is 600r/min after ball-milling treatment 1h
Mesh sieve, prepares powder；
S3: the powder that step S2 is prepared and water reducer, foaming agent, foaming control agent, catalyst, cross-linking agent, foam stabilizer, dioxygen
Water, water are that rotating speed is stirring 4h under 120r/min, prepares slurry in temperature；
S4: slurry step S3 prepared is 0.95 time in vacuum, evacuation 15min prepares blank；
S5: the blank that step S4 prepares is carried out at 70 DEG C microwave treatment, and the process time is 10min, subsequently at 1300 DEG C
Under be sintered, sintering time is 20h, prepares and utilizes the new ceramic material of mud.
The new ceramic material utilizing mud using embodiment 1-3 makes pottery and carries out performance detection, and result is as follows
Shown in table:
| Embodiment | Density, g/cm3 | Fusing point, DEG C | Dielectric constant | Breakdown strength, KV/mm |
| 1 | 3.85 | 2044 | 9.76 | 6.54 |
| 2 | 3.83 | 2041 | 9.72 | 6.51 |
| 3 | 3.84 | 2052 | 9.73 | 6.56 |
As seen from the above table, the ceramic breakdown strength being made up of the new ceramic material utilizing mud of embodiment of the present invention 1-3 is
6.51-6.56KV/mm, possesses good impact resistance, and other performances are the best simultaneously.
Above content it cannot be assumed that the present invention be embodied as be confined to these explanation, technology belonging to the present invention is led
For the those of ordinary skill in territory, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some simple deduction or replace,
All should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by the claims submitted to.
Claims (10)
1. the new ceramic material utilizing mud, it is characterised in that in units of weight portion, including following raw material: dry dirt
Mud 46-86 part, agricultural crop straw 36-50 part, cryolite 10-24 part, calcite 10-22 part, bentonite 10-16 part, bismuth oxide
8-12 part, titanium dioxide 6-10 part, tungsten oxide 6-12 part, aluminum fragment 4-6 part, glass fibre 2-3 part, water reducer 2-3 part, foaming
Agent 0.6-1.2 part, foaming control agent 0.4-1 part, catalyst 0.4-0.6 part, cross-linking agent 0.4-0.6 part, foam stabilizer 0.2-0.4
Part, hydrogen peroxide 30-40 part, water 380-480 part；
The preparation method of the described new ceramic material utilizing mud, comprises the following steps:
S1: by broken to dewatered sludge, agricultural crop straw, cryolite, calcite, bentonite, bismuth oxide, titanium dioxide, tungsten oxide, aluminum
Block, glass fibre are put in pulverizer, pulverize 2-3h, prepare composite granule under rotating speed is 400-800r/min；
S2: the composite granule that step S1 prepares is put in ball mill, ball-milling treatment 1-2h under rotating speed is 500-600r/min
Rear 200-300 mesh sieve of crossing, prepared powder；
S3: the powder that step S2 is prepared and water reducer, foaming agent, foaming control agent, catalyst, cross-linking agent, foam stabilizer, dioxygen
Water, water are that rotating speed is stirring 4-5h under 100-120r/min, prepares slurry in temperature；
S4: by slurry prepared for step S3 under vacuum is 0.85-0.95, evacuation 15-20min, prepare blank；
S5: the blank that step S4 prepares is carried out at 60-70 DEG C microwave treatment, and the process time is 10-20min, exists subsequently
Being sintered at 1250-1300 DEG C, sintering time is 20-25h, prepares the new ceramic material utilizing mud.
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water content of described dewatered sludge
≤10%。
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described agricultural crop straw powder
Particle diameter≤300 μm, moisture≤14%.
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described crops include jade
One or more in rice, Oryza sativa L..
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described water reducer is polycarboxylic acids
Water reducer.
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described foaming agent is azo two
Methanamide.
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described foaming control agent is third
Olefin(e) acid esters foaming control agent.
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described catalyst includes octanoic acid
One or both in stannous, triethylene diamine six water.
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described cross-linking agent is peroxidating
Diisopropylbenzene (DIPB).
Material for making environmental protection building block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described foam stabilizer is silicone
Amide.
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| CN201610545126.6A CN106187292A (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | A kind of new ceramic material utilizing mud |
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