CN106182772B - Multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine and method - Google Patents
Multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106182772B CN106182772B CN201610589390.XA CN201610589390A CN106182772B CN 106182772 B CN106182772 B CN 106182772B CN 201610589390 A CN201610589390 A CN 201610589390A CN 106182772 B CN106182772 B CN 106182772B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
Abstract
Multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine and method belong to rapid prototyping field shaping technique.The present invention is to solve the problems, such as that the product material of existing rapid shaping technique is single, forming shape is limited and formed precision is low.Device includes rack, feed driving machine, conveying head, feed bin, reclaiming chamber, guide rail, defective material removing machine, Slicking apparatus, forming cavity, light source, light-conducting system, imaging system and controller；The central area setting forming cavity of rack, one end of rack sets feed driving machine close to frame, it is fed the output terminal connection conveying head of driving machine, the other end of rack sets guide rail close to frame along the direction parallel with frame, defective material removing machine is connected on guide rail, the other end of rack also sets up Slicking apparatus in forming cavity peripheral frame；Method is in a manner that constituency is sintered, cures and gasifies and combinations thereof, it can be achieved that the rapid shaping that final products are made of a variety of materials.The present invention is molded for the rapid prototyping of multiple material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine and methods, belong to rapid prototyping field shaping technique.
Background technology
Rapid prototyping moulding process is widely known by the people, and such as uses known Layered Manufacturing Technology, one layer of sequence heap is connect with one layer
Long-pending many layers gradually form product, such as metal mold, prototype.A kind of variant of this method is referred to as SLA systems, than
Such as, Chinese patent《Digital projection photocurable rapid shaping apparatus and method》, Publication No. CN 1850494A；And Chinese patent
《Using the method for the rapid shaping of shadow casting technique》, Publication No. CN100391721C；They adopt the focusing computerizedd control
UV laser scanning photopolymerization liquid polymers such as the liquid level of photosensitive resin, selectively make polymer polymerizing, it is solid to form first
Body polymeric layer.The subsequent solid polymeric layer is sunk in polymer pool, and such one layer of new liquid polymer layer covers solid
Body layer.Laser polymerization process is reused to generate the second solid polymeric layer, and so on, until the solid repeatedly overlapped gathers
It closes nitride layer and forms required product.
Another variant of Layered Manufacturing Technology is referred to as selective laser sintering SLS techniques, Computer control
Laser beam makes loose compacted powder, such as the composite bed selection area of plastics, metal, ceramics, wax successively be sintered, until entire system
Product whole construction complete.The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN1205951C《A kind of Quick-forming system for directly manufacturing metal parts
System》Think, if metal powder melted completely in above-mentioned manufacturing process, this method should be sintered with common laser and distinguish
Come, referred to as selective laser melts SLM；Also have and direct metal laser sintering be called in document --- Direct metal
Laser sintering, DMLS；Herein SLS and SLM are not added with distinguishing, referred to as selective laser sintering.
Another variant of Layered manufacturing is referred to as 3 D-printing flash mould --- Three Dimensional
Printing, 3DP technology, also referred to as 3-D spraying bond, it is realized, such as connect by the ink jet printing device that computer controls
Continuous ejection-type or drop on demand type printing device, specific there are two types of ways of realization：In first way, equipment refers to according to computer
Adhesive stream is sprayed onto the selection area of first layer loose particles by fixed pattern from one or more nozzles.Then, loose
The second of grain is placed on the top of first layer, while with the shape of first layer, and ink jet printer selectively sprays adhesive stream and arrives
On second layer particle.After reheating or drying make adhesive curing, you can form required three-dimensional body.In the second way,
The drop that ink-jet printer direct-injection goes out, such as photosensitive resin are directly successively cured as three-dimensional shaped by modes such as illumination, heating
Body.
Another variant of Layered Manufacturing Technology is referred to as laminated solid mass manufacture LOM, and principle is to be layered geometry according to part
Information cuts foil, and most common raw material is paper, and the synusia obtained is bonded into 3D solid.Layer overlay first during manufacture
Be coated with the foil of hot melt adhesive, then cut out this layer of profile under the control of the computer with laser, non-part portion all chopping so as to
In removal.After the completion of one layer, last layer foil is repaved, is rolled and heated with roller, to cure adhesive, make one newly spread
Layer is strongly adhered to have become physically, then cut the profile of this layer, so finally removes chopping portion until completion of processing repeatedly
Divide to obtain complete part.The realization of Layered manufacturing is other than above-mentioned major way, and also selective blending covers, and also referred to as welds heap
Product.
Traditional rapid prototyping molding and manufacturing method have the following problems：
Product material is single：In the prior art, it can not achieve mostly and a variety of different functionalities materials included in same finished product
Material.Part can realize that more materials are molding, and material category is also extremely limited, and selective blending coating method can only use in the product
Metal material similar in fusing point, fused deposition method FDM can only then use different types of hot melt high score in identical product
Sub- material, but can not all realize the diversification of material type, such as metal-ceramic composite material.
Forming shape is limited：Many existing quick molding methods can not manufacture the product of arbitrarily complicated shape, such as selectivity
The technique that cladding is limited to molten metal drop accumulation, it is impossible to manufacture the part containing hanging structure, such as cantilever beam, umbrella knot
Structure；LOM methods cannot manufacture the part containing complicated cavity；This enables traditional rapid prototyping molding and manufacturing method to produce
Product be very limited.
Formed precision is not high：The technology of traditional rapid shaping, such as selective melting and coating technique are limited to drop and freely drip
Technique, can not realize accurate three-dimensionally shaped, the existing direct rapid molding device of more metals based on welding accumulation, it is desirable that
For the synchronous high-rate wireless LAN that carries out to improve Product Precision, this brings limitation, and increase to forming shape again in forming process
Equipment has been added to realize difficulty and cost.
It post-processes cumbersome：Device after traditional rapid shaping needs removal residual materials and backing material by hand, efficiency compared with
It is low and be difficult to automate.
Invention content
The invention aims to solve that the product material of existing rapid shaping technique is single, forming shape is limited and into
The problem of type precision is low provides one kind of multiple material rapid prototyping molding machines and method.
Multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine of the present invention, it include rack, feed driving machine, conveying head, feed bin,
Reclaiming chamber, guide rail, defective material removing machine, Slicking apparatus, forming cavity, light source, light-conducting system, imaging system and controller,
The central area setting forming cavity of rack, forming cavity bottom is supported by the piston of lifting controllable；One end of rack
Close to frame setting feed driving machine, the output terminal connection conveying head of driving machine is fed, the discharge port position of conveying head corresponds to
Forming cavity；On the inside of feed driving machine, multiple feed bins and reclaiming chamber, each feed bin are set along the direction parallel with the frame
Conveying head is connected by conveying pipeline；
The other end of rack sets guide rail close to frame along the direction parallel with frame, and defective material removing machine is connected on guide rail,
The other end of rack also sets up Slicking apparatus in forming cavity peripheral frame；
Overhead setting light source corresponding with forming cavity, light-conducting system and imaging system, the light that light source is sent out is successively through leading
After photosystem and imaging system, the region for forming that layering is currently molded on forming cavity is irradiated；
Controller is used to control the working condition of each controlled component.
Multiple material rapid prototyping forming method of the present invention, including following two technical solution：
The first is：Multiple material rapid prototyping forming method, the forming method are molded based on multiple material rapid prototyping
Device realizes that the forming method is the forming method of two kinds of structural materials；It includes the following steps：
Step 1：The threedimensional model of product to be formed is generated using graphics software, and threedimensional model is divided into multiple points
Portion, the structural material that each branch is marked to use；
Step 2：Threedimensional model is saved as to the increasing material manufacturing file format of standard, and is recorded corresponding with threedimensional model
Branch's shape, material and colouring information；
Step 3：The threedimensional model in step 2 is cut into layering using three-dimensional slice software, further according to each layering
Structural material generates the hierarchical control command file of rapid shaping, and hierarchical control command file includes following information：
Beam scanning motion track or ray cast figure when a. each layering being cured or is sintered using SLA modes
Case；
B. the parameter that the structural material shaping characteristic of each layering is determined；
C. the parameter that the structural material physicochemical characteristics of each layering is determined；
Step 4：Controller control feed driving machine driving conveying head, and conveying head structure for conveying materials A is controlled to current
It is molded the operation interval of layering and strikes off, then light source is made to pass through light-conducting system and imaging according to the control of hierarchical control command file
Current region for forming is determined after system, current region for forming is sintered or cured；
Step 5：Relict texture materials A is removed using defective material removing machine；
Step 6：Control conveying head structure for conveying material B is to the current current residual operation interval for being molded layering and strikes off,
Then light source is made to determine current region for forming after passing through light-conducting system and imaging system according to the control of hierarchical control command file, it is right
Current region for forming is sintered or cures；
Step 7：Relict texture material B is removed using defective material removing machine；
Step 8：Control conveying head conveys backing material to the current residual operation interval of current molding layering and strikes off,
Then light source is made to determine current region for forming after passing through light-conducting system and imaging system according to the control of hierarchical control command file, it is right
Current region for forming is sintered or cures；
Step 9：Forming cavity is declined to the working space of a layer height, repeats step 4 to step 8, until completing
Whole forming processes of product to be formed；
Step 10：After the completion of whole moldings of product to be formed, according to the characteristic of backing material, by heating, dissolving, rotten
Erosion, is removed or is broken into pieces at illumination, removes backing material, completes the prototype molding of product to be formed.
It is for second：Multiple material rapid prototyping forming method, the forming method are molded based on multiple material rapid prototyping
Device realizes that the forming method is the forming method of two kinds of structural materials；It includes the following steps：
Step 1：The threedimensional model of product to be formed is generated using graphics software, and threedimensional model is divided into multiple points
Portion, the structural material that each branch is marked to use；
Step 2：Threedimensional model is saved as to the increasing material manufacturing file format of standard, and is recorded corresponding with threedimensional model
Branch's shape, material and colouring information；
Step 3：The threedimensional model in step 2 is cut into layering using three-dimensional slice software, further according to each layering
Structural material generates the hierarchical control command file of rapid shaping, and hierarchical control command file includes following information：
Beam scanning motion track or ray cast figure when a. each layering being cured or is sintered using SLA modes
Case；
B. the parameter that the structural material shaping characteristic of each layering is determined；
C. the parameter that the structural material physicochemical characteristics of each layering is determined；
Step 4：Controller control feed driving machine driving conveying head, and conveying head is controlled to convey backing material to current
Be molded layering entire operation interval simultaneously strike off, then according to hierarchical control command file control make light source pass through light-conducting system and
After imaging system, entire operation interval is sintered or cured；
Step 5：Controller makes light source pass through light-conducting system and imaging system according to hierarchical control command file by control
Afterwards, selective gasification is carried out to the forming area of structural material A in current entire operation interval；
Step 6：Controller control conveying head structure for conveying materials A to current forming area and strikes off, then according to layering
After control instruction file makes light source pass through light-conducting system and imaging system, current forming area is sintered or cured；
Step 7：Controller makes light source pass through light-conducting system and imaging system according to hierarchical control command file by control
Afterwards, selective gasification is carried out to the forming area of structural material B in current entire operation interval；
Step 8：Controller control conveying head structure for conveying material B to current forming area and strikes off, then according to layering
After control instruction file makes light source pass through light-conducting system and imaging system, current forming area is sintered or cured；
Step 9：Forming cavity is declined to the working space of a layer height, repeats step 4 to step 8, until completing
Whole forming processes of product to be formed；
Step 10：After the completion of whole moldings of product to be formed, according to the characteristic of backing material, by heating, dissolving, rotten
Erosion, is removed or is broken into pieces at illumination, removes backing material, completes the prototype molding of product to be formed.
Advantages of the present invention：Apparatus of the present invention breach the limitation of existing equipment for producing three-dimension object.It makes up
The deficiency of traditional rapid prototyping forming technique realizes the molding of arbitrary shape high-precision composite material rapid prototyping and manufacture,
The range of rapid prototyping forming method production product can be significantly expanded, properties of product are greatly improved.
The method of the present invention is in a manner that constituency is sintered, cures and gasifies and combinations thereof, it can be achieved that final products are by a variety of
The rapid shaping of material composition.
It is specific as follows：
1st, material diversification：The present invention can be freely combined various structures material and product is made, and support metal material, can burn
Combination between the inorganic non-metallic material of knot, sinterable or cured high molecular material, such as various metals composite material, metal-
The chimeric composite material of ceramics, metal-macromolecule are fitted into composite material, and inorganic non-metallic-macromolecule is fitted into composite material etc..
2nd, arbitrary shape product manufacturing is realized：The method of the present invention can automatically generate backing material, can manufacture arbitrary shape
The product of shape, the product such as comprising complicated cavity or overhanging portion.
3rd, high-precision modeling：The allusion quotation of typical accuracy about 0.15mm and SLA of the formed precision of the present invention not less than tradition SLS
Type precision 0.02mm is significantly higher than the typical accuracy 1mm of selective cladding, and due to the use of sintering or curing process, without FDM
Or the alias of LOM.
4th, post processing is simple：Product backing material minimizing technology produced by the present invention using heating, dissolving, burn into illumination,
It removes or breaks into pieces, simple for process, efficient and easy to implement automation essentially identical with the releasing process of casting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine of the present invention；
Fig. 2 be structure for conveying materials A described in two step 4 of specific embodiment to current molding layering operation interval simultaneously
The structure diagram struck off；Wherein right oblique line represents structural material A；
Fig. 3 is that the current region for forming of structural material A is determined in two step 4 of specific embodiment and is sintered or consolidates
The structure diagram of change；Wherein oblique cross wires represents cured structural material A；
Fig. 4 is that the structure diagram after relict texture materials A is removed in two step 5 of specific embodiment；
Fig. 5 is current residuals of the structure for conveying material B described in two step 6 of specific embodiment to current molding layering
Operation interval and the structure diagram struck off；Wherein vertical line represents structural material B；
Fig. 6 is that the current region for forming of structural material B is determined in two step 6 of specific embodiment and is sintered or consolidates
The structure diagram of change；Wherein grid lines represents cured structural material B；
Fig. 7 is that the structure diagram after relict texture material B is removed in two step 7 of specific embodiment；
Fig. 8 is that backing material is conveyed described in two step 8 of specific embodiment to the current residual work of current molding layering
The structure diagram made section and struck off；Wherein left oblique line represents backing material；
Fig. 9 is that the current region for forming of backing material is determined in two step 8 of specific embodiment and is sintered or cures
Structure diagram；Wherein left oblique line gray area represents cured backing material；
Figure 10 is that two moldings of specific embodiment two are layered structure diagram after molding.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1, multiple material described in present embodiment is quickly former
Type molding machine, it includes rack 1, feed driving machine 2, conveying head 3, feed bin 4, reclaiming chamber 5, guide rail 6, defective material removing machine 7, scrapes
Flat machine 8, forming cavity 9, light source 10, light-conducting system 11, imaging system 12 and controller,
The central area setting forming cavity 9 of rack 1,9 bottom of forming cavity is supported by the piston of lifting controllable；Rack 1
One end sets feed driving machine 2, the output terminal connection conveying head 3 of feed driving machine 2, the discharge port position of conveying head 3 close to frame
It puts corresponding to forming cavity 9；Positioned at 2 inside of feed driving machine, multiple feed bins 4 and recycling are set along the direction parallel with the frame
Chamber 5, each feed bin 4 connect conveying head 3 by conveying pipeline；
The other end of rack 1 sets guide rail 6 close to frame along the direction parallel with frame, and connecting defective material on guide rail 6 removes
Machine 7, the other end of rack 1 also set up Slicking apparatus 8 in 9 peripheral frame of forming cavity；
With 9 corresponding overhead of forming cavity setting light source 10, light-conducting system 11 and imaging system 12, the light that light source 10 is sent out
Successively after light-conducting system 11 and imaging system 12, the region for forming that layering is currently molded on forming cavity 9 is irradiated；
Controller is used to control the working condition of each controlled component.
It further includes temperature-controlling system, and temperature-controlling system is for the heating or cold during formed product to be formed on forming cavity 9
But.
Light source 10 can include one or more, and light source can be laser, it is desirable that its wavelength is in 270nm --- and 11 μm；
Can also be LED, Metal halogen lamp, high-pressure sodium lamp or xenon lamp；Light-conducting system 11 can by reflect, reflect and spectroscopic modes realize light beam
Transmission, expand, collimate and converge component it includes necessary.Forming cavity 9 belongs to molding machine with imaging system 12, is imaged
System 12 can be one or more sets, and molding machine is further included with the temperature-controlling system and air for heating and/or cooling function
Cleaning system.To scan or projection pattern works, scanning can be realized imaging system by galvanometer, can also be passed through mobile guide-lighting
The light-beam position of system output is realized；Projection can be by being imaged DMD, LCos and other reflector devices, can also be by right
LCD transmission component imagings or OLED, fluorescent screen and other self-luminous components imaging.Forming cavity upper surface is working face,
The upper table space of planes of molded part is working space on working face.Slicking apparatus 8 moves back and forth along guide rail and scrapes working surface
It is flat.
Feeding device includes more than one feed bin 4, and the raw material in one or more feed bins, control feed are selected by controller
Driving machine 2 drives conveying head 3 to be struck off by feedstock transportation to working surface and by Slicking apparatus 8.Raw material may include powder, creamy material
And fluent material, one of which or several raw materials are known as backing material, other one or more materials are used to form product structure,
Referred to as structural material.Backing material has certain phase-change characteristics, can be under temperature, light, electromagnetic field or solvent action in powder
It changes between end, solid, cream, liquid and gas, and this conversion does not interfere with the stability of molded structural material.These
Phase-change characteristic may include relatively low fusing point, heat of fusion, relatively low sintering temperature or smaller sintering energy, relatively low boiling point or vapour
Change heat, easily by the dissolving of certain solvents, easily drying forms solid, easily softened by certain solvent soakings, can in visible ray or
It is decomposed under electromagnetic field effect, the attributes such as liquid can be converted by solid under visible ray or electromagnetic field effect.
Scraps recycle device is made of reclaiming chamber 5 and defective material removing machine 7, and defective material removing machine 7 is by drying, rinsing or adsorb
Method will in working space keep reset condition raw material remove, send into reclaiming chamber.Vacuum suction may be used in absorption, quiet
Electro Sorb or magnetic-adsorption.The defective material type that controller is removed as needed selects the corresponding dress for removing residual raw materials
It puts and method.Defective material removing machine 7 moves on guide rail 6, completes various motor functions.
Controller be used for control the movement of each component, the output power of light source, imaging system output pattern, temperature-controlling system
Heating power and cooling flow, the input power of the flow/pressure and adsorbent equipment of blowing device and overflow cascade washers.
Specific embodiment two：Illustrate present embodiment, multiple material described in present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1 to Figure 10
Rapid prototyping forming method, the forming method realize that the forming method is two kinds based on multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine
The forming method of structural material；It includes the following steps：
Step 1：The threedimensional model of product to be formed is generated using graphics software, and threedimensional model is divided into multiple points
Portion, the structural material that each branch is marked to use；
Step 2：Threedimensional model is saved as to the increasing material manufacturing file format of standard, and is recorded corresponding with threedimensional model
Branch's shape, material and colouring information；
Step 3：The threedimensional model in step 2 is cut into layering using three-dimensional slice software, further according to each layering
Structural material generates the hierarchical control command file of rapid shaping, and hierarchical control command file includes following information：
Beam scanning motion track or ray cast figure when a. each layering being cured or is sintered using SLA modes
Case；
B. the parameter that the structural material shaping characteristic of each layering is determined；
C. the parameter that the structural material physicochemical characteristics of each layering is determined；
Step 4：Controller control feed driving machine 2 drives conveying head 3, and control 3 structure for conveying materials A of conveying head extremely
The operation interval of current molding layering simultaneously strikes off, and then light source 10 is made to pass through light-conducting system according to the control of hierarchical control command file
11 and imaging system 12 after determine current region for forming, current region for forming is sintered or cured；
Step 5：Relict texture materials A is removed using defective material removing machine 7；
Step 6：3 structure for conveying material B of control conveying head is to the current current residual operation interval for being molded layering and scrapes
It is flat, then light source 10 is made currently to be treated by being determined after light-conducting system 11 and imaging system 12 according to the control of hierarchical control command file
Shaping area is sintered or cures to current region for forming；
Step 7：Relict texture material B is removed using defective material removing machine 7；
Step 8：Control conveying head 3 conveys backing material to the current residual operation interval of current molding layering and strikes off,
Then light source 10 is made currently to be treated by being determined after light-conducting system 11 and imaging system 12 according to the control of hierarchical control command file
Type area is sintered or cures to current region for forming；
Step 9：Forming cavity 9 is declined to the working space of a layer height, step 4 is repeated to step 8, until complete
Into whole forming processes of product to be formed；
Step 10：After the completion of whole moldings of product to be formed, according to the characteristic of backing material, by heating, dissolving, rotten
Erosion, is removed or is broken into pieces at illumination, removes backing material, completes the prototype molding of product to be formed.
CAD software may be used in graphics software；The parameter that structural material shaping characteristic is determined includes：Temperature, light source work(
The parameters such as rate, time for exposure, cooling time and scanning light beam movement speed；The parameter that structural material physicochemical characteristics is determined
Including：The movement velocity of defective material removing machine 7, the pressure for adsorbing power, blowing or shower and flow etc..
In present embodiment, step 4 is repeated to step 8, the molding of various structures material can be completed in a layering.
If molding structural material does not cover the layer all, backing material is conveyed to working space and is struck off, it is burnt
Knot or curing, due to the characteristic of backing material, this process does not interfere with the structural material of this layer.Using scan mode to support
When material carries out selective laser sintering or curing, to improve efficiency, after backing material strikes off, forming cavity piston can be declined one
Segment distance so that laser facula becomes larger, quickly completes the scanning of entire plane.
When technique needs, defective material removing machine 7 can be used to remove the support for striking off and being adhered to structural material surface in the process
Material can also be used selective laser gasification mode and it be purged.
Specific embodiment three：Illustrate present embodiment, multiple material described in present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1 to Figure 10
Rapid prototyping forming method, the forming method realize that the forming method is two kinds based on multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine
The forming method of structural material；It includes the following steps：
Step 1：The threedimensional model of product to be formed is generated using graphics software, and threedimensional model is divided into multiple points
Portion, the structural material that each branch is marked to use；
Step 2：Threedimensional model is saved as to the increasing material manufacturing file format of standard, and is recorded corresponding with threedimensional model
Branch's shape, material and colouring information；
Step 3：The threedimensional model in step 2 is cut into layering using three-dimensional slice software, further according to each layering
Structural material generates the hierarchical control command file of rapid shaping, and hierarchical control command file includes following information：
Beam scanning motion track or ray cast figure when a. each layering being cured or is sintered using SLA modes
Case；
B. the parameter that the structural material shaping characteristic of each layering is determined；
C. the parameter that the structural material physicochemical characteristics of each layering is determined；
Step 4：Controller control feed driving machine 2 drives conveying head 3, and conveying head 3 is controlled to convey backing material and is extremely worked as
The entire operation interval of preceding molding layering simultaneously strikes off, and then light source 10 is made to pass through leaded light system according to the control of hierarchical control command file
After system 11 and imaging system 12, entire operation interval is sintered or cured；
Step 5：Controller makes light source 10 pass through light-conducting system 11 and imaging according to hierarchical control command file by control
After system 12, selective gasification is carried out to the forming area of structural material A in current entire operation interval；
Step 6：3 structure for conveying materials A of controller control conveying head is to current forming area and strikes off, then basis point
After layer control instruction file makes light source 10 by light-conducting system 11 and imaging system 12, current forming area is sintered or solid
Change；
Step 7：Controller makes light source 10 pass through light-conducting system 11 and imaging according to hierarchical control command file by control
After system 12, selective gasification is carried out to the forming area of structural material B in current entire operation interval；
Step 8：3 structure for conveying material B of controller control conveying head is to current forming area and strikes off, then basis point
After layer control instruction file makes light source 10 by light-conducting system 11 and imaging system 12, current forming area is sintered or solid
Change；
Step 9：Forming cavity 9 is declined to the working space of a layer height, step 4 is repeated to step 8, until complete
Into whole forming processes of product to be formed；
Step 10：After the completion of whole moldings of product to be formed, according to the characteristic of backing material, by heating, dissolving, rotten
Erosion, is removed or is broken into pieces at illumination, removes backing material, completes the prototype molding of product to be formed.
Laser can be used in light source 10 in the step of present embodiment four, passes through light-conducting system by the laser that laser is sent out
The scanning system of molding machine is reached afterwards, and whole raw materials of working space are sintered or cured.Using scan mode to branch
When timbering material carries out selective laser sintering or curing, to improve efficiency, after backing material strikes off, forming cavity piston can be declined
A distance so that laser facula becomes larger, quickly completes the scanning of entire plane.It is passed through in step 5 by the laser that laser is sent out
It crosses after light-conducting system and reaches the scanning system of molding machine, selectivity is carried out to the forming area of structural material A in working space
Gasification.If back has adjusted piston position, piston should be set back first before selectively gasifying.Step 4 is repeated to step
Rapid eight, the molding of various structures material can be completed in a layering.
Two kinds of molding patterns of specific embodiment two and three can be combined, such as can be first in one layer in layer with interlayer
Using the molding of the several material of the first Pattern completion, then using second of pattern continue to complete several material into
Type；One mode can also be used to complete certain layers of molding in a product, with another other layers of Pattern completion into
Type.
The method of the present invention be used for more than two kinds of structural material shaped articles when, forming process with it is above-mentioned mutually similar.
Claims (4)
1. one kind of multiple material rapid prototyping forming methods, it is real which is based on multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine
Existing, the multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine includes rack (1), feed driving machine (2), conveying head (3), feed bin (4), returns
Receive chamber (5), guide rail (6), defective material removing machine (7), Slicking apparatus (8), forming cavity (9), light source (10), light-conducting system (11), imaging
System (12) and controller,
The central area setting forming cavity (9) of rack (1), forming cavity (9) bottom are supported by the piston of lifting controllable；Rack
(1) one end sets feed driving machine (2), the output terminal connection conveying head (3) of feed driving machine (2), conveying head close to frame
(3) discharge port position corresponds to forming cavity (9)；On the inside of feed driving machine (2), set along the direction parallel with the frame
Multiple feed bins (4) and reclaiming chamber (5) are put, each feed bin (4) connects conveying head (3) by conveying pipeline；
The other end of rack (1) sets guide rail (6) close to frame along the direction parallel with frame, and it is clear to connect defective material on guide rail (6)
Except machine (7), the other end of rack (1) also sets up Slicking apparatus (8) in forming cavity (9) peripheral frame；
Overhead setting light source (10) corresponding with forming cavity (9), light-conducting system (11) and imaging system (12), light source (10) are sent out
Light successively after light-conducting system (11) and imaging system (12), irradiate on forming cavity (9) and be currently molded the to be formed of layering
Area；
Controller is used to control the working condition of each controlled component；
Temperature-controlling system is further included, temperature-controlling system is for being heated or cooled during formed product to be formed on forming cavity (9)；
It is characterized in that, forming method of the forming method for two kinds of structural materials；It includes the following steps：
Step 1：The threedimensional model of product to be formed is generated using graphics software, and threedimensional model is divided into multiple branches, is marked
The structural material that Ji Ge branches use；
Step 2：Threedimensional model is saved as to the increasing material manufacturing file format of standard, and records branch corresponding with threedimensional model
Shape, material and colouring information；
Step 3：The threedimensional model in step 2 is cut into layering using three-dimensional slice software, further according to the structure of each layering
Material generates the hierarchical control command file of rapid shaping, and hierarchical control command file includes following information：
Beam scanning motion track or ray cast pattern when a. each layering being cured or is sintered using SLA modes；
B. the parameter that the structural material shaping characteristic of each layering is determined；
C. the parameter that the structural material physicochemical characteristics of each layering is determined；
Step 4：Controller control feed driving machine (2) drives conveying head (3), and controls conveying head (3) structure for conveying materials A
It to the current operation interval for being molded layering and strikes off, then light source (10) is made to pass through leaded light according to the control of hierarchical control command file
System (11) and imaging system (12) determine current region for forming afterwards, and current region for forming is sintered or cured；
Step 5：Relict texture materials A is removed using defective material removing machine (7)；
Step 6：Control conveying head (3) structure for conveying material B is to the current current residual operation interval for being molded layering and strikes off,
Then light source (10) is made to determine to work as afterwards by light-conducting system (11) and imaging system (12) according to the control of hierarchical control command file
Preceding region for forming is sintered or cures to current region for forming；
Step 7：Relict texture material B is removed using defective material removing machine (7)；
Step 8：Control conveying head (3) conveys backing material to the current residual operation interval of current molding layering and strikes off, so
Light source (10) is made to be determined afterwards currently by light-conducting system (11) and imaging system (12) according to the control of hierarchical control command file afterwards
Region for forming is sintered or cures to current region for forming；
Step 9：Forming cavity (9) is declined to the working space of a layer height, repeats step 4 to step 8, until completing
Whole forming processes of product to be formed；
Step 10：After the completion of whole moldings of product to be formed, according to the characteristic of backing material, by heating, dissolving, burn into
Illumination is removed or is broken into pieces, removes backing material, completes the prototype molding of product to be formed.
2. multiple material rapid prototyping forming method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Imaging system (12) is worked with scanning or projection pattern.
3. one kind of multiple material rapid prototyping forming methods, it is real which is based on multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine
Existing, the multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine includes rack (1), feed driving machine (2), conveying head (3), feed bin (4), returns
Receive chamber (5), guide rail (6), defective material removing machine (7), Slicking apparatus (8), forming cavity (9), light source (10), light-conducting system (11), imaging
System (12) and controller,
The central area setting forming cavity (9) of rack (1), forming cavity (9) bottom are supported by the piston of lifting controllable；Rack
(1) one end sets feed driving machine (2), the output terminal connection conveying head (3) of feed driving machine (2), conveying head close to frame
(3) discharge port position corresponds to forming cavity (9)；On the inside of feed driving machine (2), set along the direction parallel with the frame
Multiple feed bins (4) and reclaiming chamber (5) are put, each feed bin (4) connects conveying head (3) by conveying pipeline；
The other end of rack (1) sets guide rail (6) close to frame along the direction parallel with frame, and it is clear to connect defective material on guide rail (6)
Except machine (7), the other end of rack (1) also sets up Slicking apparatus (8) in forming cavity (9) peripheral frame；
Overhead setting light source (10) corresponding with forming cavity (9), light-conducting system (11) and imaging system (12), light source (10) are sent out
Light successively after light-conducting system (11) and imaging system (12), irradiate on forming cavity (9) and be currently molded the to be formed of layering
Area；
Controller is used to control the working condition of each controlled component；
Temperature-controlling system is further included, temperature-controlling system is for being heated or cooled during formed product to be formed on forming cavity (9)；
It is characterized in that, forming method of the forming method for two kinds of structural materials；It includes the following steps：
Step 1：The threedimensional model of product to be formed is generated using graphics software, and threedimensional model is divided into multiple branches, is marked
The structural material that Ji Ge branches use；
Step 2：Threedimensional model is saved as to the increasing material manufacturing file format of standard, and records branch corresponding with threedimensional model
Shape, material and colouring information；
Step 3：The threedimensional model in step 2 is cut into layering using three-dimensional slice software, further according to the structure of each layering
Material generates the hierarchical control command file of rapid shaping, and hierarchical control command file includes following information：
Beam scanning motion track or ray cast pattern when a. each layering being cured or is sintered using SLA modes；
B. the parameter that the structural material shaping characteristic of each layering is determined；
C. the parameter that the structural material physicochemical characteristics of each layering is determined；
Step 4：Controller control feed driving machine (2) drives conveying head (3), and controls conveying head (3) conveying backing material extremely
The entire operation interval of current molding layering simultaneously strikes off, and then makes light source (10) by leading according to the control of hierarchical control command file
After photosystem (11) and imaging system (12), entire operation interval is sintered or cured；
Step 5：Controller makes light source (10) pass through light-conducting system (11) and imaging according to hierarchical control command file by control
After system (12), selective gasification is carried out to the forming area of structural material A in current entire operation interval；
Step 6：Controller control conveying head (3) structure for conveying materials A to current forming area and strikes off, then according to layering
After control instruction file makes light source (10) by light-conducting system (11) and imaging system (12), current forming area is sintered
Or curing；
Step 7：Controller makes light source (10) pass through light-conducting system (11) and imaging according to hierarchical control command file by control
After system (12), selective gasification is carried out to the forming area of structural material B in current entire operation interval；
Step 8：Controller control conveying head (3) structure for conveying material B to current forming area and strikes off, then according to layering
After control instruction file makes light source (10) by light-conducting system (11) and imaging system (12), current forming area is sintered
Or curing；
Step 9：Forming cavity (9) is declined to the working space of a layer height, repeats step 4 to step 8, until completing
Whole forming processes of product to be formed；
Step 10：After the completion of whole moldings of product to be formed, according to the characteristic of backing material, by heating, dissolving, burn into
Illumination is removed or is broken into pieces, removes backing material, completes the prototype molding of product to be formed.
4. multiple material rapid prototyping forming method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that imaging system (12) is to sweep
It retouches or projection pattern works.
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| WO2018182974A1 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-04 | Carbon, Inc. | Method of making three-dimensional objects by additive manufacturing |
| CN109203173B (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2019-08-30 | 山东大学 | A kind of feed system and method for ceramics 3D printer |
| US11364564B2 (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2022-06-21 | General Electric Company | Mobile large scale additive manufacturing using foil-based build materials |
| CN109702195A (en) * | 2019-01-20 | 2019-05-03 | 武汉因泰莱激光科技有限公司 | Metal rapid molding device and its forming method |
| WO2020190645A1 (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-24 | Formlabs, Inc. | Techniques for mixing in additive fabrication and related systems and methods |
| CN111002427B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-09-22 | 南京理工大学 | 3D printing forming device and method for laminated ceramic matrix composite based on photocuring technology |
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