CN1061713A - 无关节假脚 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种无关节假脚,包括装在本体(1)中的承受和
传递负荷的整体的嵌入物(2),它有一由水平上壁
(2a)和前斜臂(2b)构成的刚性角件,一个板簧似的
中间臂(2c)经过一个近似于半圆形的后连接臂(2d)
与下臂(2e)相连,其纵截面近似于S形,下臂(2e)一
直伸到脚尖区域中以获取高的前脚弹性。嵌入物至
少可以在脚底和脚面上弯曲以及轴向压缩。上臂上
设有假肢接头,可以与假肢相连接。
Description
本发明涉及一种无关节假脚,包括一个设置在假脚本体内部的、承受和传递假肢负荷的弹性嵌入物,该假脚嵌入物有一个水平的、构成假脚上端部并且能与假肢相连接的上臂以及一个下臂,该下臂相对于上臂是加长的,其自由端一直伸入到脚尖区域中,以使在前脚(假脚前部)承受负荷时达到一个与高的储能能力相关联的高的前脚弹性。
一个相应的实施形式已由所谓的西雅图脚公开(参见老年人管理杂志身体复原研究和发展,第22卷第3册第75-84页,尤其参见图6)。
假脚的功能主要取决于其弹性特性。该弹性特性由材料,形状和所用弹性部件的布置结构确定。
根据不同的使用范围,例如按照截肢者的爱好,该使用范围可以是通常在平地上的行走,直至体育运动如慢跑,快跑和弹跳,对这些部件的要求是相当不同的,尤其涉及到其工作能力和与之紧密相关的在承受负荷和卸去负荷下的刚度曲线分布时更是如此。
用于尽可能宽的使用范围的无关节假脚的最近发展与沙赫脚(SACH-FUSS)的古典概念的区别在于,在前脚区域中的刚性的脚心中加入弹性件(弹簧),或者完全由弹性件取代之(例如西雅图脚),以便在前脚承受负荷时改善其前脚弹性和由此改善其储能能力。脚后跟的弹性在概念上完全没有改变地通过一个在脚后跟区域中的泡沫材料楔件达到。
本发明的任务是,开发一种开头所述实施类型的性能改进了的假脚。
按照本发明,该任务是这样解决的,即整体的、至少可以在脚底和脚背弯曲和在轴向压缩的假脚嵌入物在假脚纵截面上有一个近似于S形的形状,其上臂和一个以钝角与之相连的前斜臂构成一个刚性角件,在其下端部上连接有一个板簧(片簧)似的中间臂,在该中间臂的后端部上经一个近似于半圆形的连接臂与一个下臂相连。
为了使假脚使用者获得自然的运动过程,刚性角件的下端部向前一直伸到大约为脚趾底关节的区域中是符合目的的。
为了在前脚角增大时使假脚嵌入物的下臂进一步向前移位,嵌入物的下臂在刚性角件的下端部与中间臂的连接区域的下方有一个上拱形段是有利的,该拱形段与所述的连接区域的、位于其上的面围成一个稍微呈楔形开口的空气隙。
按照本发明,假脚嵌入物应该具有这样的结构,即其上臂可以在一个水平面中相对于下臂扭转,因此假脚可以围绕一个垂直轴线扭曲和转动。此外,嵌入物的上臂还可以在垂直的且与行走方向横向上的前平面中相对于下臂扭转,以便与行走方向横向上的倾斜相适应。按照本发明,确定偏斜或变形的弹性特性的力-距离或角度-力矩特征曲线(刚度曲线)可以仅仅由S形的假脚嵌入物确定。但所述的刚度曲线也可以由S形假脚嵌入物和附加的弹性部件共同作用而获得。
脚底弯曲通过减小在一个垂直于脚底且平行于行走方向的平面中的位于前斜臂和中间臂之间的夹角来实现。脚背弯曲通过减小前斜臂下端部到下臂表面的距离来实现。
为了防止在承受负荷情况下假脚嵌入物的上臂相对于起板簧作用的中间臂过大地张开,最好在嵌入物上臂的自由端上设置一个弯曲限制器。
假脚本体最好构成一个整体的包封住所有功能部件的整形壳,该整形壳外部没有固定件。假脚本体可以这样构成,使得它在站立状态的最后区域为假脚嵌入物提供一个部分的支承功能。尤其有利的是,假脚本体除了其上部连接面外完全由一个构成表皮的外部合成材料泡沫层构成外包层,该泡沫层包封住一个一直伸入到脚趾区域中的、由合成材料泡沫制成的内脚。
本发明的其它特征将结合本发明的其它优点根据实施例进行较详细的说明。
下面对照附图对本发明的特征、优点作较详细的说明。
附图中示出了本发明的一些实施例,其中
图1为通过装有嵌入物的无关节假脚的一个垂直纵截面图;
图2为图1中的假脚嵌入物的单独视图;
图3为图1中的假脚处于负荷状态下的视图;
图4为与图1所示假脚有所不同的一个实施例。
在图1中所示的无关节假脚有一个假脚本体1,该本体1包封着一个承受并传递假脚负荷的弹性嵌入物2,该嵌入物2是整体的并且至少能够在脚底和脚背上弯曲以及在轴向上压缩。
从假脚纵截面上看,假脚嵌入物2有一个大约为S形的形状。上水平臂2a构成假脚的上接合端,其上设有一个假脚接头3,用于与假脚可拆卸地连接。该上臂2a和一个与其以钝角相连的前斜臂2b构成一个整体为刚性的角形件,在其下端部4上连接有一个类似于板簧的中间臂2c,中间臂7c的后端部经一个大约为半圆形的连接臂2d与下臂2e相连,该下臂2e相对于上臂2a被加长,并且其自由端一直延伸到假脚脚尖区域中,以便在假脚前部承受负荷时获得一个与高储能能力相关联的高的假脚前部弹性。下水平臂2e的下部轮廓是与假脚下端面的轮廓相配的,此外,在刚性角件2a,2b的下端部4处的中间臂2c的连接部位下方,下臂2e还有一个上拱形段5,该拱形段5和位于其上方的所述连接部位的面6围成一个向上稍微呈楔形开口的空气隙7。刚性角件2a,2b的下端部4向前延伸,大约直到脚趾底关节区域。
刚性角件2a,2b在其下端部4处经弹性件8支承在下臂2e上。该弹性件8在承受负荷时将被压缩,如图3所示。在图1至图3中所示的实施例中,假脚嵌入物2的后连接臂2d是刚性的。即嵌入物2由一个刚性角件2a,2b,一个中间板簧(片簧)即中间臂2c,一个下板簧(片簧)即下臂2e和一个将两板簧在其后端部相互刚性相连的连接件即连接臂2d组成。在这种结构中,假脚嵌入物2可以用合成材料制造。通过刚性角件2a,2b的下端部4相对来说向前拉出较远的结构,使得假脚使用者具有更加自然的运动过程。由于前述空气隙7的成型结构,当假脚前部角增大时,下臂2e的弯曲部将向前移位。该弯曲部首先处于一中间部位,然后移动到刚性角件2a,2b的下端部4和下臂2e的上拱形段5之间的止挡部位,并且在大的假脚前部角时还要更远地向前移位到下臂2e的某部位中,该部位按照要求具有一个向前逐渐变细的横截面或向前逐渐变薄的材料厚度。
为了防止在负荷状态下上臂2a相对于起板簧作用的中间臂2c张开得太大,在图1~3所示的实施例中设有一个弯曲限制器,它由一个螺钉9构成,该螺钉9的下端部固定在嵌入物2的中间臂2c的后端上,并且可相对移动地穿过上臂2a中的一个槽,在螺钉9伸出上臂2a的另一端部上有一个止挡上臂2a的止挡件10。
参见图1,假脚本体1构成一个整体的,包封着所有功能部件的整形壳,其外部没有任何固定件,一直延伸到踝骨部位,在上部与上臂2a处于同一平面。这种整形壳的结构是这样的,即它在站立状态的最后区域构成嵌入物2的一个部分支承功能。类似于鞋楦,嵌入物2可以通过专门的工具装入整形壳中,然后,嵌入物自锁,从而防止从整形壳中无意地掉出来。
构成假脚本体1的整形壳除了其上部连接面外完全由一个构成表皮的外部合成材料泡沫层11形成外包层,该泡沫层11包封住一个一直延伸到趾区域的、由合成材料泡沫制成的内脚12。合成材料泡沫层11的质量密度大约为0.4g/cm3并且具有比内脚12的回转力较小的回转力。构成内脚12的合成材料泡沫的质量密度为0.6~1.0g/cm3。
图4中示出了一个约有变型的实施形式,其中假脚嵌入物2最好由一种碳素纤维材料组成。在这种情况下,在假脚嵌入物2的前斜臂2b和中间臂2c之围成的楔形空间13中设置一个弹性支承件14。嵌入物2的后连接臂2d包围着一个管形的支承件15,该支承件15必要时也可以具有弹性。
在嵌入物2的两种实施形式中,上臂2a可以在一个水平面中相对于下臂2e扭转,因此假脚可以围绕一个垂直轴线扭曲和转动。此外,假脚嵌入物2的上臂2a还可以在垂直的、位于行走方向横向上的前平面中相对于下臂2e扭转,以便与行走方向横向上的倾斜相适应。
Claims (20)
1、无关节假脚,包括一个设置在假脚本体(1)内部的、承受并转递假肢负荷的弹性嵌入物(2),该嵌入物(2)有一个水平的、构成假脚上端并且可以与假肢相连接的上臂(2a)以及一个相对于上臂(2a)加长的、其自由端一直延伸到脚尖区域以便在假脚前部承受负荷时达到一个与高的储能能力相关联的高的假脚前部弹性的下臂(2e),其特征在于,整体构成的至少可以脚底和脚背弯曲以及轴向压缩的假脚嵌入物(2)在假脚纵截面上具有一个大约为S形的形状,其所述的上臂(2a)和一个以钝角与之相连的前斜臂(2b)一起构成一个刚性角件,在其下端部(4)上连接一个类似于板簧的中间臂(2c),该中间臂(2c)在其后端部上经一个大约为半圆形的连接臂(2d)与一个下臂(2e)相连。
2、按照权利要求1的假脚,其特征在于,刚性角件(2a,2b)的下端部(4)向前一直延伸到大约为脚趾底关节的区域中。
3、按照权利要求1或2的假脚,其特征在于,假脚嵌入物(2)的下臂(2e)在刚性角件(2a,2b)处与中间臂(2c)的连接区域下方有一个上拱形段(5),该拱形段(5)和位于其上方的所述连接区域的面(6)围成一个向前稍微呈楔形开口的空气隙(7)。
4、按照权利要求1,2或3的假脚,其特征在于,假脚嵌入物(2)的上臂(2a)可以在一个水平面中相对于下臂(2e)扭转,因此假脚可以围绕一个垂直轴线扭曲和转动。
5、按照前述权利要求中之一的假脚,其特征在于,假脚嵌入物(2)的上臂(2a)可以在一个垂直的、与行走方向横向上的前平面中相对于下臂(2e)扭转,以便与行走方向的横向上的倾斜相适应。
6、按照前述权利要求中之一的假脚,其特征在于,确定所述偏斜或变形的弹性特性的力-距离或角度-力矩特征曲线(刚度曲线)仅仅由S形的假脚嵌入物(2)确定。
7、按照权利要求1至5中之一的假脚,其特征在于,所述刚度曲线是在S形假脚嵌入物(2)的附加的弹性部件(8,14,15)的共同作用下获得的。
8、按照权利要求7的假脚,其特征在于,刚性角件(2a,2b)在其下部端部(4)上经一个弹性部件(8)支承在下臂(2e)上。
9、按照权利要求7或8的假脚,其特征在于,在假脚嵌入物(2)的前斜臂(2b)和中间臂(2c)之间围成的楔形空间(13)中设置了一个弹性支承件(14)。
10、按照权利要求7,8或9的假脚,其特征在于,假脚嵌入物(2)的后连接臂(2d)包围住一个必要时为弹性的支承件(15)。
11、按照权利要求10的假脚,其特征在于,后支承件(15)是管形的。
12、按照前述权利要求中之一的假脚,其特征在于,假脚嵌入物(2)的上臂(2a)的自由端上设置了一个弯曲限制器(9,10)。
13、按照权利要求12的假脚,其特征在于,弯曲限制器(9,10)是一个螺钉(9)或类似物,弯曲限制器的下端固定在假脚嵌入物(2)的中间臂(2c)的后端部上,可以相对移动地穿过上臂(2a)中的一个凹槽,弯曲限制器的凸出于上臂(2a)之外的另一端有一个用于止挡上臂(2a)的止挡件(10)。
14、按照前述权利要求中之一的假脚,其特征在于,假脚嵌入物(2)的上臂(2a)上装有一个假脚接头(3)。
15、按照前述权利要求中之一的假脚,其特征在于,假脚嵌入物(2)的水平下臂(2e)的下部轮廓与假脚下端面的轮廓相配。
16、按照前述权利要求中之一的假脚,其特征在于,假脚本体(1)由一个包封住所有功能部件的脚形状的泡沫外包层组成。
17、按照前述权利要求中之一的假脚,其特征在于,假脚本体(1)构成一个整体的、包封住所有功能部件的整形壳。
18、按照权利要求17的假脚,其特征在于,假脚本体(1)除了其上部连接面外完全由一个构成表皮的外部合成材料泡沫层(11)形成外包层,该泡沫层(11)包封住一个一直延伸到脚趾区域中的由合成材料泡沫制成的内脚(12)。
19、按照权利要求18的假脚,其特征在于,外部合成材料泡沫层(11)的质量密度约为0.4g/cm3并且具有比内脚(12)的回转力较小的回转力。
20、按照权利要求18或19的假脚,其特征在于,构成内脚(12)的合成材料泡沫的质量密度为0.6~1.0g/cm3。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4038063A DE4038063C2 (de) | 1990-11-29 | 1990-11-29 | Gelenkloser Prothesenfuß |
DEP4038063.7 | 1990-11-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1061713A true CN1061713A (zh) | 1992-06-10 |
CN1029819C CN1029819C (zh) | 1995-09-27 |
Family
ID=6419212
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN91109992A Expired - Fee Related CN1029819C (zh) | 1990-11-29 | 1991-10-25 | 无关节假脚 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5156632A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0487852B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3020324B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1029819C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE109649T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2054588C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE4038063C2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2032190T3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2051648C1 (zh) |
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-
1990
- 1990-11-29 DE DE4038063A patent/DE4038063C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-09-20 DE DE59102497T patent/DE59102497D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-09-20 ES ES91115992T patent/ES2032190T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-20 EP EP91115992A patent/EP0487852B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-20 AT AT91115992T patent/ATE109649T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-10-04 JP JP3258021A patent/JP3020324B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-25 CN CN91109992A patent/CN1029819C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-31 CA CA002054588A patent/CA2054588C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-08 US US07/789,651 patent/US5156632A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-13 RU SU915010030A patent/RU2051648C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (8)
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CN104997580A (zh) * | 2009-11-25 | 2015-10-28 | 奥托·博克保健有限公司 | 假肢脚 |
CN106456340A (zh) * | 2014-05-09 | 2017-02-22 | 奥托·博克保健有限公司 | 假肢脚 |
CN106456340B (zh) * | 2014-05-09 | 2021-01-12 | 奥托·博克保健有限公司 | 假肢脚 |
US11039941B2 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2021-06-22 | Ottobock Se & Co. Kgaa | Prosthetic foot |
CN108601664A (zh) * | 2016-01-25 | 2018-09-28 | 贝泰米亚公司 | 用于下肢矫正或假肢设备的负载承载辅助装置 |
CN108601664B (zh) * | 2016-01-25 | 2020-10-16 | 贝泰米亚公司 | 用于下肢矫正或假肢设备的负载承载辅助装置 |
CN110430841A (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-11-08 | Pm工程设计公司 | 一种包括缓冲元件的足假肢 |
CN110430841B (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2022-12-20 | Pm工程设计公司 | 一种包括缓冲元件的足假肢 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4038063C2 (de) | 1995-04-20 |
CA2054588A1 (en) | 1992-05-30 |
JPH04285551A (ja) | 1992-10-09 |
DE4038063A1 (de) | 1992-06-04 |
CN1029819C (zh) | 1995-09-27 |
ATE109649T1 (de) | 1994-08-15 |
EP0487852B1 (de) | 1994-08-10 |
JP3020324B2 (ja) | 2000-03-15 |
RU2051648C1 (ru) | 1996-01-10 |
ES2032190T3 (es) | 1994-10-16 |
DE59102497D1 (de) | 1994-09-15 |
EP0487852A1 (de) | 1992-06-03 |
ES2032190T1 (es) | 1993-01-16 |
CA2054588C (en) | 1999-05-25 |
US5156632A (en) | 1992-10-20 |
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