CN106156883A - A kind of work transmission line early stage tower-pole planning method - Google Patents
A kind of work transmission line early stage tower-pole planning method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种输电线路工程前期杆塔规划方法，步骤包括：工程地形数据的获取与整理和线路杆塔排杆、规划。工程地形数据的获取与整理可细分为确定工程地理坐标位置、数字地形数据的取得、平面地图规划选线和切取沿线地形断面图；线路杆塔排杆、规划可分为线路初步排杆、杆塔档距统计分析和杆塔档距规划。本发明将地理信息技术、数字高程模型技术服务应用于线路杆塔规划，可有效避免以往杆塔规划过程中无法考虑具体地形条件的问题，可操作性强，使得线路工程在设计上科学、合理、经济。
The invention discloses a tower planning method in the early stage of a power transmission line project. The steps include: acquisition and sorting of engineering topography data, line tower arrangement and planning. The acquisition and arrangement of engineering topographical data can be subdivided into the determination of engineering geographic coordinates, the acquisition of digital terrain data, the planning and selection of plane maps, and the cutting of terrain cross-sections along the line; Span statistical analysis and tower span planning. The present invention applies geographical information technology and digital elevation model technology services to line tower planning, which can effectively avoid the problem that specific terrain conditions cannot be considered in the previous tower planning process, and has strong operability, making the design of line engineering scientific, reasonable and economical. .
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及架空输电线路工程设计领域，具体地指一种输电线路工程前期杆塔规划方法。The invention relates to the field of engineering design of overhead transmission lines, in particular to a method for planning poles and towers in the early stage of transmission line engineering.
背景技术Background technique
杆塔规划是架空输电线路工程初步设计过程中，确定所需的杆塔尺寸、使用条件以及杆塔系列的一个过程。通过杆塔规划，使得杆塔的类别、使用条件满足并且适合工程设计需求，采用所规划的杆塔进行线路排杆后，整体的杆塔、基础等线路工程投资尽可能最优化，从而使得线路工程在设计上科学、合理、经济。Tower planning is a process of determining the required tower size, service conditions and tower series during the preliminary design process of overhead transmission line engineering. Through the tower planning, the category and use conditions of the towers are met and suitable for the engineering design requirements. After the planned towers are used for line arrangement, the overall line engineering investment such as towers and foundations is optimized as much as possible, so that the line engineering is designed. Scientific, reasonable and economical.
目前，杆塔规划通常采取的方法是参考已建工程的杆塔使用情况，进行统计分析后据此做出规划。这个过程本质上是一种根据已建工程经验来类比新工程的规划方法。这种方法虽然简单易行，但是也有着明显的缺陷：无法考虑工程的具体地形情况，可能会导致杆塔规划不合理，在实际排杆过程中无法充分利用各类型杆塔所能承受的最大荷载的情况。最终导致杆塔工程量增加，工程造价提高，线路投资也相应提高，整体经济性下降。At present, the method usually adopted for tower planning is to refer to the use of towers in built projects, and make plans based on statistical analysis. This process is essentially a planning method of analogizing new projects based on the experience of existing projects. Although this method is simple and easy to implement, it also has obvious defects: it cannot consider the specific terrain conditions of the project, which may lead to unreasonable tower planning, and cannot make full use of the maximum load that various types of towers can bear in the actual pole arrangement process. Condition. Ultimately, the amount of tower work increases, the project cost increases, and the line investment increases accordingly, resulting in a decline in the overall economy.
因此，进行针对性的杆塔规划，使得杆塔应用在特定线路工程上时，线路投资最小化，一直是输电线路工程设计所探究的问题。要达到具有针对性的效果就必须得到线路的具体地形断面图。但是，通过传统技术手段测量地形断面图工作量大、费用高，一般仅用于线路施工设计而非初步设计，对于杆塔规划设计而言，并不需要如此高精度的断面图。Therefore, it has always been an issue to be explored in the design of transmission line engineering to carry out targeted tower planning to minimize the line investment when the tower is applied to a specific line project. In order to achieve a targeted effect, it is necessary to obtain a specific topographic cross-sectional map of the line. However, measuring topographic cross-sections through traditional technical means is a heavy workload and high cost, and is generally only used for line construction design rather than preliminary design. For tower planning and design, such high-precision cross-sections are not needed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就是要解决上述背景技术的不足，提供一种输电线路工程前期杆塔规划方法，解决针对性的杆塔规划问题，可在不同的工程地形下，使得杆塔规划的结果适应于当前地形条件，从而使得线路投资 最低。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology, provide a method for planning towers in the early stage of transmission line engineering, solve the problem of targeted tower planning, and make the results of tower planning adapt to the current terrain conditions under different engineering terrains , so that the line investment is the lowest.
为实现上述目的，本实发明的技术方案为：To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种输电线路工程前期杆塔规划方法，包括如下步骤：A method for planning a tower in the early stage of a transmission line project, comprising the following steps:
第一步:工程地形数据的获取与整理,Step 1: Acquisition and arrangement of engineering terrain data,
具体分为确定工程地理坐标位置，数字地形数据的取得，平面地图规划选线，切取沿线地形断面图；Specifically, it is divided into determining the geographic coordinate position of the project, obtaining digital terrain data, planning and selecting lines on the planar map, and cutting out terrain cross-sections along the line;
第二步：线路杆塔排杆、规划,The second step: line tower arrangement, planning,
具体分为线路初步排杆，杆塔档距统计分析，杆塔档距规划。Specifically, it is divided into preliminary pole arrangement of the line, statistical analysis of pole and tower spans, and planning of pole and tower spans.
在上述技术方案中，所述的确定工程地理坐标位置是指确定线路工程的起、止点的经纬度坐标，以及起止点之间连线所属区域坐标范围；In the above technical solution, the determination of the geographical coordinate position of the project refers to the longitude and latitude coordinates of the start and end points of the line engineering, and the coordinate range of the area where the line between the start and end points belongs;
所述的数字地形数据的取得是指由所述确定工程地理坐标位置步骤确定的工程范围地理坐标区域，获得相应的数字高程模型数据资料；所述数字高程模型数据包括开源的SRTM DEM、ASTER GDEM；采用高程断面在整体上与实际的线路地形断面的相似性作为初步设计阶段杆塔规划的数据支撑；The acquisition of the digital terrain data refers to the geographic coordinate area of the engineering range determined by the step of determining the engineering geographic coordinate position, and obtains the corresponding digital elevation model data; the digital elevation model data includes open source SRTM DEM, ASTER GDEM ;Using the similarity between the elevation section and the actual topographic section of the line as a data support for the tower planning in the preliminary design stage;
所述的平面地图规划选线是指线路路径规划工作，在线路起点和终点之间，通过确定若干个转角点后连成一条折线作为线路路径，以避开不良地形、禁止跨越区以及其他一些不利于线路行经的地区，同时使得所选线路路径尽可能短；规划选线利用卫星、航拍影像，通过分辨图像内元素以避开障碍物；The plane map planning line selection refers to the line path planning work. Between the starting point and the end point of the line, a broken line is formed after determining several corner points as the line path, so as to avoid bad terrain, forbidden crossing areas and other It is not conducive to the area where the line passes, and at the same time make the path of the selected line as short as possible; plan the line selection using satellite and aerial images, and avoid obstacles by distinguishing the elements in the image;
所述的切取沿线地形断面图是将所述数字地形数据的取得步骤获得的地形高程数据和所述平面地图规划选线步骤中获得的线路路径折线，导入GIS软件内进行沿线高程数据的提取；采样密度需要满足所述线路初步排杆的需求，与地形的起伏程度相关，且受限于DEM数据精度；The terrain elevation data obtained in the step of obtaining the digital terrain data and the line path polyline obtained in the plan line selection step of the planar map are imported into the GIS software to extract the elevation data along the line; The sampling density needs to meet the requirements of the preliminary pole arrangement of the line, which is related to the undulation of the terrain and is limited by the accuracy of DEM data;
所述的线路初步排杆是在所述切取沿线地形断面图步骤中获取的线路断面图的基础上，采用通用的线路排杆软件进行杆塔优化排杆，优化排杆的目标是在满足技术要求的条件下使得工程造价最低；The preliminary pole arrangement of the line is based on the line section diagram obtained in the step of cutting the topographic section diagram along the line, and the general line pole arrangement software is used to optimize the pole arrangement of the tower. The goal of optimizing the pole arrangement is to meet the technical requirements Under the condition that the project cost is the lowest;
所述杆塔档距统计分析是对于所述杆塔初步排杆步骤完成后，统计整条线路的杆塔水平档距、垂直档距的分布概率、累计概率，并采用统 计软件针对不同区间的档距做出分布表格和分布图形，以便进行直观的分析；The statistical analysis of the tower spans is to count the distribution probability and the cumulative probability of the horizontal spans and vertical spans of the entire line after the preliminary rowing step of the towers is completed, and use statistical software to make a calculation for the spans in different intervals. Generate distribution tables and distribution graphs for intuitive analysis;
所述杆塔档距规划是由所述杆塔档距统计分析步骤得出的统计分析结果，确定杆塔最终采用的塔形系列和各类型杆塔的水平、垂直档距，得到杆塔规划的结果。The tower span planning is the statistical analysis result obtained from the tower span statistical analysis step, and the tower shape series finally adopted by the tower and the horizontal and vertical spans of various types of towers are determined to obtain the result of the tower planning.
在上述技术方案中，所述数字地形数据的取得同样可用于平面地图规划选线。In the above technical solution, the acquisition of the digital terrain data can also be used for planning and line selection on a planar map.
在上述技术方案中，所述切取沿线地形断面图中用到的采用密度为15m～50m。In the above technical solution, the adoption density used in the cutout of the topographic section along the line is 15m-50m.
在上述技术方案中，所述杆塔档距规划结果重新输入线路初步排杆步骤，得出的结果作为一项检查符合手段，并用于线路工程量估算。In the above technical solution, the tower span planning results are re-input into the preliminary pole arrangement step of the line, and the obtained results are used as a means of checking compliance and used for engineering quantity estimation of the line.
在上述技术方案中，所述杆塔规划方法各步骤均基于计算机系统软件实现，包括GIS软件、线路排杆软件、数据统计软件，结合软件计算程序和人工计算操作，实现规划过程的可视化。In the above technical solution, each step of the tower planning method is implemented based on computer system software, including GIS software, line pole arrangement software, data statistics software, combined with software calculation programs and manual calculation operations, to realize the visualization of the planning process.
本发明的有益效果:将地理信息技术、数字高程模型技术服务应用于线路杆塔规划，利用最新全球地理信息数据获得输电线路沿线的地形高程数据，通过获取合适精度的地形高程数据来辅助进行特定地理环境下的杆塔规划，可有效避免以往杆塔规划过程中无法考虑具体地形条件的问题，可操作性强，使得线路工程在设计上科学、合理、经济。Beneficial effects of the present invention: Apply geographic information technology and digital elevation model technology services to line tower planning, use the latest global geographic information data to obtain terrain elevation data along the transmission line, and assist in specific geographic planning by obtaining terrain elevation data with appropriate accuracy The tower planning in the environment can effectively avoid the problem that the specific terrain conditions cannot be considered in the previous tower planning process, and the operability is strong, making the design of the line engineering scientific, reasonable and economical.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种输电线路工程前期杆塔规划方法一实施例的流程图；Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for planning a tower in the early stage of a transmission line project of the present invention;
图2为本发明一实施例中所述工程地形数据的获取与整理的细化流程图；Fig. 2 is a detailed flowchart of the acquisition and arrangement of engineering terrain data described in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明一实施例中所述线路杆塔排杆、规划的细化流程图。Fig. 3 is a detailed flow chart of line pole tower arrangement and planning in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本实施例所公开的一种输电线路工程前期杆塔规划方法，请参考图1所示，主要包括如下步骤：工程地形数据的获取与整理和线路杆塔排 杆、规划。A transmission line project early-stage tower planning method disclosed in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1, mainly includes the following steps: acquisition and arrangement of project terrain data, line tower arrangement and planning.
进一步请参考图2，为本发明一实施例中所述工程地形数据的获取与整理的细化流程图，主要如下步骤：Further please refer to Fig. 2, which is a detailed flow chart of the acquisition and arrangement of engineering terrain data described in an embodiment of the present invention, the main steps are as follows:
第一步：确定工程地理坐标位置。具体来说，是指确定线路工程的起、止点的经纬度坐标，以及起止点之间连线所属区域坐标范围。Step 1: Determine the geographic coordinates of the project. Specifically, it refers to determining the latitude and longitude coordinates of the start and end points of the line project, and the coordinate range of the area to which the line between the start and end points belongs.
第二步：数字地形数据的取得。由所述确定工程地理坐标位置步骤确定的工程范围地理坐标区域，获得相应的数字高程模型(DEM)数据资料。所述DEM数据可以是开源的SRTM DEM、ASTER GDEM等。由于公开的DEM数据高程误差不大，并且误差中有部分属于系统误差，高程断面在整体上与实际的线路地形断面有很好的相似性，因此可以据此作为初步设计阶段杆塔规划的数据支撑。The second step: the acquisition of digital terrain data. The corresponding digital elevation model (DEM) data is obtained from the geographic coordinate area of the engineering scope determined by the step of determining the geographic coordinate position of the engineering. The DEM data can be open source SRTM DEM, ASTER GDEM, etc. Since the elevation error of the public DEM data is not large, and part of the error belongs to the system error, the elevation section has a good similarity with the actual line terrain section as a whole, so it can be used as the data support for the tower planning in the preliminary design stage .
第三步：平面地图规划选线。具体地就是线路路径规划工作，在线路起点和终点之间，通过确定若干个转角点后连成一条折线作为线路路径，以避开不良地形、禁止跨越区以及其他一些不利于线路行经的地区，同时使得所选线路路径尽可能短。规划选线可以利用卫星、航拍影像，通过分辨图像内元素以避开障碍物。The third step: plan and select the line on the plane map. Specifically, it is the line path planning work. Between the starting point and the end point of the line, a broken line is formed after determining several corner points as the line path, so as to avoid bad terrain, prohibited crossing areas and other areas that are not conducive to the line. At the same time, make the selected line path as short as possible. Satellite and aerial images can be used for planning and route selection, and obstacles can be avoided by distinguishing elements in the image.
在另一实施例中，平面地图规划选线也可以用所述数字地形数据的取得步骤获得的DEM高程数据，生成等高线图，并尽量选择等高线变化率低、地形相对平缓的路线。In another embodiment, the plane map planning and line selection can also use the DEM elevation data obtained in the digital terrain data acquisition step to generate a contour map, and try to choose a route with a low contour line change rate and relatively gentle terrain .
第四步：切取沿线地形断面图。具体地，将所述数字地形数据的取得步骤获得的地形高程数据和所述平面地图规划选线步骤中获得的线路路径折线，导入GIS软件(实施例采用Global Mapper)内进行沿线高程数据的提取，也就是对该线路路径沿线的地面点高程数据进行采样的过程。采样密度需要满足所述线路初步排杆的需求，与地形的起伏程度相关，且受限于DEM数据精度，这里一般以15m～50m为宜。Step 4: Cut out the terrain cross-section along the line. Specifically, import the terrain elevation data obtained in the digital terrain data acquisition step and the line path polyline obtained in the planar map planning and line selection step into GIS software (Global Mapper is used in the embodiment) to extract the elevation data along the line , that is, the process of sampling the elevation data of ground points along the line path. The sampling density needs to meet the requirements of the preliminary pole arrangement of the line, is related to the undulation of the terrain, and is limited by the accuracy of the DEM data. Generally, 15m to 50m is suitable here.
在本发明的另一实施例中，将所述数字地形数据的取得步骤获得的DEM地图数据(.GIF格式)和所述平面地图规划选线步骤获得的折线(.kmz/kml格式)导入Global Mapper软件，首先选择生成等高线功能，可以用于所述平面地图规划选线步骤的规划选线；其次，通过数字 化工具，在线路折线上选择路径匹配功能，得到整段线路的剖面信息；然后，选择指定样本间距功能，选取上述合适的采样密度；最后，将剖面文件另存为.XYZ格式文件，即导出了整个断面指定间距的每个坐标点的高程信息，经过处理，可以转换成所需的地形断面图。In another embodiment of the present invention, the DEM map data (.GIF format) obtained in the step of obtaining digital terrain data and the polyline (.kmz/kml format) obtained in the step of line selection of planar map planning are imported into Global Mapper software, first selects the function of generating contour lines, which can be used for planning and line selection in the plan line selection step of the planar map; secondly, through digital tools, select the path matching function on the line fold line to obtain the profile information of the entire section of the line; Then, select the function of specifying the sample spacing, and select the above-mentioned appropriate sampling density; finally, save the profile file as a . The required cross-sectional topography.
进一步请参考图3，为本发明一实施例中所述线路杆塔排杆、规划的细化流程图，主要包括如下步骤：Please refer to Fig. 3 further, which is a detailed flow chart of line tower arrangement and planning described in an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes the following steps:
第一步：线路初步排杆。具体地，在所述切取沿线地形断面图步骤中获取的线路断面图的基础上，采用通用的线路排杆软件进行杆塔优化排杆，优化排杆的目标是在满足技术要求的条件下使得工程造价最低。Step 1: Preliminary line pole arrangement. Specifically, on the basis of the line section diagram obtained in the step of cutting the topographic section diagram along the line, the general-purpose line pole arrangement software is used to optimize the pole tower arrangement. The goal of the optimization pole arrangement is to make the project meet the technical requirements. The lowest cost.
第二步：杆塔档距统计分析。具体地，对于所述杆塔初步排杆步骤完成后，统计整条线路的杆塔水平档距、垂直档距的分布概率、累计概率，并采用统计软件针对不同区间的档距做出分布表格和分布图形，以便进行直观的分析。计算水平、垂直档距的比值范围，统计整条线路摇摆角系数。The second step: Statistical analysis of tower span. Specifically, after the completion of the preliminary pole arrangement step of the tower, the distribution probability and cumulative probability of the horizontal span and vertical span of the tower on the entire line are counted, and statistical software is used to make distribution tables and distribution tables for spans in different intervals. Graphs for intuitive analysis. Calculate the ratio range of horizontal and vertical spans, and count the swing angle coefficient of the entire line.
第三步：杆塔档距规划。具体地，由所述杆塔档距统计分析步骤得出的统计分析结果，确定杆塔最终采用的塔形系列和各类型杆塔的水平、垂直档距，得到杆塔规划的结果。然后，采用规划后的塔形重新进行第1个子步骤，再次进行线路排杆，最终的排杆结果可用于线路工程量与投资估算。Step 3: Tower span planning. Specifically, from the statistical analysis results obtained in the step of statistical analysis of tower spans, determine the final tower shape series and the horizontal and vertical spans of various types of towers, and obtain the results of tower planning. Then, the first sub-step is carried out again with the planned tower shape, and the line pole arrangement is performed again. The final pole arrangement result can be used for the engineering quantity and investment estimation of the line.
所述杆塔档距规划结果重新输入所述线路初步排杆步骤，得出的结果作为一项检查符合手段，并用于线路工程量估算。The tower span planning result is re-input into the preliminary pole arrangement step of the line, and the obtained result is used as a means of checking conformity and used for engineering quantity estimation of the line.
所述一种输电线路工程前期杆塔规划方法各步骤均基于计算机系统软件实现，包括GIS软件、线路排杆软件、数据统计软件，结合软件计算程序和人工计算操作，实现规划过程的可视化。Each step of the tower planning method in the early stage of a transmission line project is implemented based on computer system software, including GIS software, line pole arrangement software, and data statistics software, combined with software calculation programs and manual calculation operations, to realize the visualization of the planning process.
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何属于本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any changes or substitutions that can be easily imagined by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, All should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
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| CN113449961A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-28 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司建设分公司 | Tower planning system for transmission line |
| CN115827804A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-03-21 | 卓信通信股份有限公司 | Planning method of intelligent multifunctional rod |
| CN115827804B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2024-09-03 | 卓信通信股份有限公司 | Planning method for intelligent multifunctional rod |
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