CN1061559A - 阀口处具有锥形加热元件的注模喷嘴 - Google Patents

阀口处具有锥形加热元件的注模喷嘴 Download PDF

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CN1061559A
CN1061559A CN91110713A CN91110713A CN1061559A CN 1061559 A CN1061559 A CN 1061559A CN 91110713 A CN91110713 A CN 91110713A CN 91110713 A CN91110713 A CN 91110713A CN 1061559 A CN1061559 A CN 1061559A
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heating element
nozzle
element heater
valve port
melt
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CN1025664C (zh
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乔布斯特·乌尔里克·盖勒特
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4437667 Canadian Co
Mold Masters 2007 Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2737Heating or cooling means therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2737Heating or cooling means therefor
    • B29C2045/2743Electrical heating element constructions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26Moulds
    • B29C45/27Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/278Nozzle tips
    • B29C2045/2782Nozzle tips metallurgically bonded to the nozzle body

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种模注热阀口喷嘴,该喷嘴具有向前延伸到模 腔的凸部以及穿过凸部以形成阀口的熔体通道,一个 一体的电加热元件具有大致成矩形断面,并由许多邻 接绕围形成向内的锥形内表面的加热元件的前部部 分的内表面形成一邻接阀口的向内的锥形熔体通道 部分。这种使加热元件直接与熔体接触,能相当大地 降低热阀口的循环时间。以将其压入锥形模之间使 加热元件前部成型,然后再将其装入喷嘴的前、后部 之间。在真空炉中组装件一体地被焊接在一起。

Description

本发明一般涉及注模另件,特别涉及一种热阀口注模喷嘴,该喷嘴具有一体的带有向内呈锥形的前部的加热元件,该前部确定了邻接阀口的熔体通道呈锥形的部份。
被称之为辅助温度阀口的热阀口涉及到在每一循环过程中,于阀口区域改变熔体的温度以有助于控制到熔腔的流动。这是在像斯堪密特等(schmidt  et  al.)的美国专利(专利号:4768945,颁布日:1988年9月6日)中公知的,该专利中描述了具有斜着延伸进入喷嘴凸部的加热元件。在本申请人的美国专利(专利号4911636,颁布日:1990年3月27日以及专利号:4941249;颁布日:1990年7月17日)中被描述用于喷嘴的热阀口带有具有带圆环部的一体的加热元件,该圆环部环绕在喷嘴的前凸部中的熔体孔口。在本申请人的美国专利(专利号:4875848;颁布日:1989年10月24日)中公开了一种镶嵌在喷嘴前端的锥形阀口,该喷嘴阀口是由一体的螺旋热加元件加热的。
在所有这些现有的组合中,加热元件被嵌入在钢喷嘴中或者并且不是直接与穿过熔体通道的熔体流相接触,因此,当使用现有系统于热阀口时,当在短小的循环时间,已被发现是存在着一种限制的,因为加热元件嵌在喷嘴的钢体中,喷嘴的钢体就好像是个散热器。
因此,本发明的目的至少是要以提供一种热阀口注模喷嘴来部份地克服现有技术的缺点,在该热阀口注模喷嘴中,加热元件的一部份是与邻近阀口处的熔体直接接触的。
为此,在本发明的一个方面之中,本发明提供了一带有后端和前端的长形喷嘴,该前端由向前延伸的中央凸部形成的,喷嘴具有延伸穿过喷嘴的凸部以形成邻接前端的阀口的熔体通道,喷嘴具有一体的电加热绝缘的加热元件,加热元件具有延伸到一终端的后部和一螺旋环绕熔体通道延伸的中央部,其特征在于,加热元件具有大致均匀的矩形断面的前部,加热元件的前部具有多圈相邻接的绕圈,该绕圈形成向前朝内的锥形内表面,加热元件的前部是一体地安装在喷嘴中的,从而使至少部份该内表面形成一邻接阀口处的熔体通道的向内成锥形的部份。
也就是说,本发明提出一种具有一前端和一后端的长形模注喷嘴,于该喷嘴中,由向前延伸的中央的凸部形成该前部,所述喷嘴具有延伸穿过该喷嘴的凸部的熔体通道以形成邻接前端的阀口,喷嘴具有一体的电绝缘的加热元件,加热元件的后部延伸到终端并且其中央部螺旋圈绕地延伸于熔体通道,其特征在于:
加热元件具有大致成均匀矩形断面的前部,加热元件的前部具有多个邻接的绕圈,该绕圈形成朝前向内的锥形内表面,加热元件的前部是一体地安装在喷嘴中的,从而使至少内表面的一部份形成为一邻接阀口处的向内成锥形的熔体通道部份。
本发明进一步的目的和优点将结合附图在以下的描述中显示出来。
图1是多熔腔注模系统或称装置的一部份的剖视图,该图显示了根据本发明最佳实施例的热阀口喷嘴;
图2是一立体图,该图显示一种电加热元件是如何圈绕以形成一个锥形螺旋圈部份;
图3是一示意剖示图,该图显示加热元件的螺旋圈部份是如何被在一模子中压缩成螺旋圈形也就是加热元件那部份的断面;
图4是喷嘴两部份的剖面图,该图显示加热元件如何安装在该两部份之间;
图5是完整的喷嘴的该部份的剖示图。
首先参考图1,该图显示热阀口注模系统的部份,该系统具有多个整体长形的喷嘴10,该喷嘴10带有成一体的绝缘的电加热元件12。每个喷嘴10具有一钢的主体14,该主体14从邻接钢套装环16的后端18处延伸。喷嘴10藉助于从套装环16延伸的并座落在环形肩26上的环形隔热凸缘24而装在腔板22中的井孔20中。喷嘴10具有邻接前端30的凸部28,该前端凸部28装在穿过腔板22通到模腔34的开口32中。因此,喷嘴10被精确地定位在此位置,在此位置时,主体14的圆柱形外表面36与环绕的腔板22被一绝缘的空气间隔38所隔开。在此实施例中,喷嘴10具有一中央熔体通道40,该通道40延伸到凸部28中通到模腔24的阀口42。
喷嘴10用螺钉44固定到一公共长形歧管46上,该歧管46具有分枝到多个出口50的熔体通路48,该每一出口50是与穿过凸部10之一的熔体通道40相对中,歧管46用中心定位环54和弹性衬垫56而被固定地定位在后板52和腔板22之间的位置中。后板52用穿过支承板60进入腔板22的螺栓58固定其位置。后板52和腔板22由泵送穿过冷却管62的冷却水冷却。歧管46由电加热元件64加热,该电加热元件就像本申请人的美国专利(专利号:4688622,颁布日:1987年8月25日)中描述的那样是被铸入在歧管中的。定位环54提供了另一在热的歧管46和腔板22之间的绝缘空气间隔66。
在此实施例中,加热元件12具有一镍铬电阻丝68,该电阻线68延伸穿过耐热的电绝缘粉末材料70(诸如氧化镁)在其中的钢套管72,加热元件12具有后部74,螺旋中央部76和前部78后部74朝外延伸穿过套装环16上的孔口80到达冷终端82以便容纳从外部引导来的电线(没显示),加热元件12的中央部76是被一体地焊接在主体14的外表面36上的螺旋导槽84中以使之环绕延伸于熔体通道40。在导槽84中的加热元件的螺旋部76用镍防护层覆盖,该防护层的应用正如本申请人的美国专利(专利号:4768283,颁布日:1988年9月6日)中描述的。
然而,加热元件12的后部和中央部74,76具有大致均匀的圆形断面,前部78具有大致均匀的矩形断面。前部78是由许多邻接圈88绕成的,它形成了一个朝前向内的锥形内表面90,如能见到的那样,圈88的内表面90的一部份92形成一邻接阀口42的熔体通道40的向内锥形部94。
在使用时,该系统的组装被显示于图1中,供应的电能用于每个喷咀10的加热元件12以及歧管46中的加热元件64,以使这些加热元件被加热到根据物质熔化而定的预定的运行温度。由模注机(没有显示)来的根据一个循环而穿过进口96的压力熔体被注入歧管46中的溶体通路48,该循环是连同应用于喷嘴10中的加热元件12的电能循环一起被控制的。因此,这就提供了一种在模子打开顶出模注产品之前以及开打时的这一短的时间范围内,用于加热元件12的电源是切断的这么一种热或者温度辅助阀口。从凸部28到环绕的冷却腔板22的热散失导致在顶出产品之前在阀口42处的固结。当模子闭合时,电能再次供应到加热元件12以加热在阀口42处已固态的熔体,这样就可使注射压力再次施加时立刻使阀口开启。压力熔体流动穿过每个喷嘴10中的熔体通道40和阀口42并充满模腔34。在模腔被充满之后,注射压力作暂短地保持以使之填实,然后再释放。在短的冷却期之后,模子被打开并顶出模注产品。这种循环是被连续地尽可能急速地重复,在一些实例中,这种循环重复每分钟达若干次。加热元件12的前部78的位置是位于与邻接阀口42的熔体通道40中的熔体直接相接触,这实质上是降低了在再通电之后以解除在阀口处的固态熔体的固结状态所要求的时间,并且也降低了循环时间。另外,加热元件12的前部78的锥形绕圈88逐渐地向后延伸进一步进入喷嘴的主体14,所以,热阀口的温度冲击影响随着远离阀口42而逐渐降低,加热元件12的中央部分76被嵌装在喷嘴12的钢主体14中,并且是与中央熔体通道有相当的距离。所以,由于热阀口循环,主体作为散热器的作用以及在该区域熔体的温度脉动是小的。
参考附图2至4,该图将描述制造喷嘴的所包含的步骤。首先,将预定长度的加热元件12绕在圆锥形的夹具(没显示)上以形成如图2所见到的锥形圈绕部分98,然后,这一加热元件12的圈绕部分98被压缩在内锥模和外锥模100、102之间,外锥模102具有预定尺寸的敞口104,在敞口104那里有内表面106,加热元件的圈绕部分98被嵌在敞口104中。当外锥模102接箭头所示施力抵靠内锥模100时,加热元件12的圈绕部分98被压缩以形成具有如图1、4和5所示的形状的前部78。正如能见到的,圈的断面大致上已变成大致的矩形并且邻接的绕圈88形成锥形内表面90。
然后,将前部78装到主体14的前部和后部108、110之间,如图4所能见到的。在该二部分108、110被暂时固紧在一起之后,加热元件的余留部分以起初的若干邻接绕圈的形式绕在外表面36上的螺旋道槽84中,之后再由套装环16上的孔口80穿出而到达终端82。然后装配部件以镍合金焊接材料复盖并将其在真空炉中焊接在一起。正如本申请人在美国专利(专利号:4768283,颁布口1988年9月6日)中描述的那样,这就提供了一种另件的冶金焊接使之整为一整体并形成镍防护层86。如图5所见,热电偶孔112是用以容纳热电偶114以便测量邻接加热元件12的前部78的喷嘴处的温度,之后,凸部28被机加工,并用电火花加工以选定的尺寸形成阀口42而使熔体通道40延伸穿过凸部从而提供所要求的阀口构形。
然而,就一最佳实施例而言,对喷嘴及其制作方法的描述已给出,但这不被解释为局限于此含意,各种变型和改进对于本领域技术人员是很容易做出的,熔体通道和阀口的尺寸,内表面的锥角对于不同的应用将会是不同的,这一点是显而易见的,在某些喷嘴中熔体通道40可以从喷嘴12的一侧而不是从其后端18向内延伸,不同组合形式的模子可用来压缩加热元件12的圈绕部98,为了对本发明的定义可参考附加的权利要求。

Claims (1)

1、一种具有一前端和一后端的长形模注喷嘴,于该喷嘴中,由向前延伸的中央的凸部形成该前部,所述喷嘴具有延伸穿过该喷嘴的凸部的熔体通道以形成邻接前端的阀口,喷嘴具有一体的电绝缘的加热元件,加热元件的后部延伸到终端并且其中央部螺旋圈绕地延伸于熔体通道,其特征在于:
加热元件具有大致成均匀矩形断面的前部,加热元件的前部具有多个邻接的绕圈,该绕圈形成朝前向内的锥形内表面,加热元件的前部是一体地安装在喷嘴中的,从而使至少内表面的一部份形成为一邻接阀口处的向内成锥形的熔体通道部份。
CN91110713A 1990-11-19 1991-11-19 浇口处具有锥形加热元件的注模注嘴 Expired - Fee Related CN1025664C (zh)

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CA002030286A CA2030286C (en) 1990-11-19 1990-11-19 Injection molding nozzle having tapered heating element adjacent the bore
CA2,030,286 1990-11-19

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CN1061559A true CN1061559A (zh) 1992-06-03
CN1025664C CN1025664C (zh) 1994-08-17

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US (1) US5046942A (zh)
EP (1) EP0486967B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3004427B2 (zh)
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AT (1) ATE138846T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2030286C (zh)
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ATE138846T1 (de) 1996-06-15
EP0486967B1 (en) 1996-06-05
EP0486967A3 (en) 1992-09-02
US5046942A (en) 1991-09-10
EP0486967A2 (en) 1992-05-27
DE4137720C2 (de) 2002-11-28
DE4137720A1 (de) 1992-05-21
DE69120028D1 (de) 1996-07-11
CN1025664C (zh) 1994-08-17
CA2030286A1 (en) 1992-05-20
JPH04269520A (ja) 1992-09-25
CA2030286C (en) 2000-11-21
DE69120028T2 (de) 1996-10-24
JP3004427B2 (ja) 2000-01-31

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