CN106145946A - 一种液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法 - Google Patents
一种液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106145946A CN106145946A CN201610512404.8A CN201610512404A CN106145946A CN 106145946 A CN106145946 A CN 106145946A CN 201610512404 A CN201610512404 A CN 201610512404A CN 106145946 A CN106145946 A CN 106145946A
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- Prior art keywords
- grinding wheel
- liquid phase
- bonded grinding
- vitrified bonded
- phase feed
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
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- B24D18/009—Tools not otherwise provided for
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,该方法为将二氧化硅溶胶与含硝酸钠、硝酸锂、氯氧化锆、硝酸锌及硝酸铝的溶液混合均匀,形成混合溶胶,所述混合溶胶调节pH后与包括磨料在内的组分混合均匀,得到混合浆料,混合浆料调节pH后注入模具中,加热使混合浆料原位凝聚固化,得到坯体;所述坯体依次经过干燥、脱模、粗加工、烧结及精密加工,即得;该方法能有效的提高结合剂对磨料的包覆率,细化砂轮的微观结构,提高砂轮的组织均匀性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,特别涉及一种采用液相原料技术制备结合剂对磨料包覆完整,结构细致、均匀,强度高、机械性能好、气孔率可控的陶瓷结合剂砂轮,属于材料工程领域。
背景技术
溶胶-凝胶法主要用来制备粉体和涂层。目前国内外相关的研究情况如下:采用溶胶-凝胶技术已成功制备出颗粒均匀的刚玉磨料。法国圣戈班集团和美国诺顿公司开发了以氧化铝溶胶经特殊引晶凝胶系统烧结而成的刚玉微晶磨料,即所谓的s-g(Seeded-GelAbrasive)磨料,其断裂韧性较电熔法白刚玉磨料提高一倍。国内,鲁信高新等也采用溶胶-凝胶法研制出了白刚玉微晶磨料(s-g),目前已工业化生产并获得了应用(诺顿公司.具有改善圆角保持性能的溶胶-凝胶法氧化铝砂轮[P].中国专利:CN94108540.6,1996.01.31.)。采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备出单组分陶瓷结合剂粉体。日本学者(李合庆译.超细粒度陶瓷结合剂金刚石砂轮及其应用技术[J].Abrasives News,2005(2):5-7.)采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了低温陶瓷结合剂,将其与24000#的金刚石混合制备成砂轮后对硅片表面进行抛光,其表面粗糙度可以达到约3nm以下;与树脂结合剂砂轮相比,该陶瓷结合剂砂轮的磨耗量稍稍多一点,但锋利性及磨耗量稳定。国内赵玉成(赵玉成,王明智,张贝贝.纳米陶瓷结合剂粉体的网络凝胶法制备与表征[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2012(3):55-58,73.)等采用高分子网络凝胶法制备了陶瓷结合剂的单组分纳米氧化物粉体,然后将不同组分混合配制成结合剂,再采用传统方法制备砂轮。但因为纳米氧化物粉体表面能较大,易团聚,难分散,多种纳米粉末混合时,易出现混合不均匀的现象,且团聚在一起的纳米粉末在烧结过程中会长大,形成大颗粒结合剂,无法从根本上达到细化陶瓷结合剂的目的。采用有机胶凝材料和凝胶注模成形,成功应用于陶瓷材料的制备。凝胶注模成形是新兴的胶态成型技术,多用于高性能陶瓷的制备。其原理是通过浆料中有机单体的交联聚合形成三维网状结构,从而使注模后的陶瓷浆料快速凝固为陶瓷坯体。许多国内外学者[如(GuanweiLiu,Zhipeng Xie,Yin Wu.Fabrication and mechanical properties of homogeneouszirconia toughened alumina ceramics via cyclic solution infiltration and insitu precipitation[J].Materials&Design,2011,32(6):3440–3447.)、(武七德,李美娟,邸永高,郭兵健.淀粉原位凝固成型纯碳反应烧结碳化硅坯体的研究[J].硅酸盐学报,2003,3(3):224-225.)、(杨金龙,戴春雷,马天等.高可靠性陶瓷部件胶态注射成型关键技术及装备[J].有色金属学报,2004,14(1):243-249.)、(杜蛟.超细二氧化锆凝胶注模成型研究[D].河北:河北理工大学理学院,2008:32-48.)、(张存满,徐政.直接凝胶凝固成型SiC(M,Y)-Al2O3复合陶瓷材料的研究[J],中国陶瓷,2002,38(1):4-6.)、(Liang Xu,ChuanzhenHuang,Hanlian Liu,Bin Zou,Hongtao Zhu,Guolong Zhao,Jun Wang.In-situ synthesisof ZrB2-ZrCx ceramic tool materials toughened by elongated ZrB2grains[J].Materials&Design,Available online 13February 201.)
]以陶瓷粉、有机单体丙烯酰胺和N,N-亚甲基丙烯酰胺等为原料,利用有机单体的交联反应,将陶瓷粉体原料颗粒均匀凝固在高分子弹性体中,得到了均匀性好、强度高、有机物含量低和烧结性能优异的SiC、Al2O3、ZrB2陶瓷及SiC/Al2O3、ZrO2/Al2O3复相陶瓷坯体。利用相同的原理,谢志鹏、武七德等[如(谢志鹏,杨金龙,陈亚丽,黄勇.琼脂糖凝胶大分子在陶瓷原位凝固成型中的应用[J].硅酸盐学报,1999,27(1):224-228.)、(武七德,李美娟,鄢永高,郭兵健.淀粉原位凝固成型纯碳反应烧结碳化硅坯体的研究[J].硅酸盐学报,2003,31(3):16-21.)]将琼脂、淀粉替代有机单体,实现了陶瓷的原位凝固成型。此外,为了增强陶瓷悬浮液的稳定性,单组分无机溶胶[如(罗杰盛,谢志鹏,马景陶,黄勇,程一兵.硅溶胶-凝胶化反应在陶瓷胶态成型中的应用[J].无机材学报,2003,18(6):1205-1209.)、(Prabhkaarna K,Ananthakumar S andPavithran C.Gel Casting of Alumina usingBoehmite as a Binder[J].JeurCeramSoe,1999,19(16):2875-2880.)被引入陶瓷胶态成型,但相关的报道并不多。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明的目的是在于提供一种通过采用液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,该方法能有效的提高结合剂对磨料的包覆率,细化砂轮的微观结构,提高砂轮的组织均匀性。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
1)将二氧化硅溶胶与含硝酸钠、硝酸锂、氯氧化锆、硝酸锌及硝酸铝的溶液混合均匀,形成混合溶胶,调整所述混合溶胶的pH至2~3;
2)所述混合溶胶与包括磨料在内的组分混合均匀,得到混合浆料;调节所述混合浆料的pH至4~5后,注入模具中,在70~90℃温度下,使混合浆料原位凝聚固化,得到坯体;
3)所述坯体依次经过干燥、脱模、粗加工、烧结及精密加工,即得。
本发明的技术方案针对现有技术中通过溶胶-凝胶法制备陶瓷结合剂,再采用陶瓷结合剂制备砂轮的思路进行改进。关键在于先制备混合溶胶,在混合溶胶中直接加入金刚石等超细磨料及填料,注入模具中,转换溶胶形成凝胶,再干燥、烧结和加工,制备出组织均匀、结构细致的陶瓷结合剂砂轮。混合溶胶中各组分结构细小,可达到纳米级别,从而细化、均化了砂轮的微观结构,且磨料也是通过液相与混合溶胶中的结合剂组分混合,不但均匀性好,而且可在磨料表面形成均匀的结合剂层,从而可提高结合剂对金刚石等磨料的结合强度和砂轮的整体强度,同时还可提高砂轮磨削过程中工作面的形状保持性和实现高速磨削。溶胶和凝胶之间通过原位转化,能将磨料固定住,使砂轮坯体结构非常均匀,磨削性能稳定,磨削形面同步性和保持性好。
优选的方案,混合溶胶中各组分的摩尔百分比组成为:
以各组分的摩尔量总和为100%计量;
二氧化硅溶胶,以SiO2计量,占48~53%;
硝酸钠,以Na2O计量,占8~12%;
硝酸锂,以Li2O计量,占18~24%;
氯氧化锆,以ZrO2计量,占2~6%;
硝酸锌,以ZnO计量,占7~11%;
硝酸铝,以Al2O3计量,占5~9%。
本发明优选的结合剂配方能提高对金刚石等磨料的结合强度以及砂轮的整体强度,改善砂轮磨削过程中工作面的形状保持性和实现高速磨削。
优选的方案,混合溶胶固含量为50~55%。
优选的方案,在所述混合溶胶中依次加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和萘系减水剂,混合均匀,再加入磨料,进一步混合均匀,得到混合浆料。
较优选的方案,所述N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的用量为所述混合溶胶体积的8~12%。化学添加剂DMF的加入不仅可抑制凝胶颗粒的生长,使凝胶网络的间隙和质点大小均匀,降低干燥时产生的不均匀的毛细管力,减小干燥应力和孔隙中液体的蒸汽压,还可以增加凝胶骨架的强度,使之能够更好的抵抗毛细管力的作用,从而避免在干燥过程中因应力不均而引起的开裂和收缩。
较优选的方案,所述萘系减水剂的用量为磨料质量的0.2~0.8%。使磨料分散更加均匀,提高砂轮强度。
较优选的方案,所述磨料的用量占陶瓷结合剂砂轮质量的70~80%;磨料为本领域常规的磨料。
优选的方案,干燥采用常压阶梯加热干燥方式:在室温下自然干燥20~28h后,依次在45~55℃干燥2.5~3.5h、在55~65℃干燥1.5~2.5h、在65~75℃干燥1.5~2.5h、在75~85℃干燥0.5~2.5h、在95~105℃干燥0.5~1.5h、在115~125℃干燥0.5~1.5h,自然降温至30~40℃。较优选的常压阶梯加热干燥方式:在室温下自然干燥24h,在50℃干燥3h、在60℃干燥2h、在70℃干燥2h、在80℃干燥2h、在100℃干燥1h、在120℃干燥1h,自然降温至35℃。本发明的技术方案经过常压阶梯干燥工艺,坯体中气孔分布均匀,制得的砂轮坯体显微结构均匀,强度高,可有效提高使用寿命。
优选的方案,烧结采取阶梯升温烧结方式:室温~220℃,升温速率为2~3℃/min,于220℃保温25~35min;380℃~450℃,升温速率为2~3℃/min,于450℃保温25~35min;450℃~620℃,升温速率为1.5~2.5℃/min,于620℃保温55~65min;620℃~850℃,升温速率为1.5~2.0℃/min,于850℃保温115~125min;随炉冷却至室温。较优选的烧结采取阶梯升温烧结方式:室温~220℃,升温速率为2~3℃/min,于220℃保温30min;220℃~450℃,升温速率为2~3℃/min,于450℃保温30min;450℃~620℃,升温速率为1.5~2.5℃/min,于620℃保温60min;620℃~850℃,升温速率为1.5~2.0℃/min,于850℃保温120min;最后随炉冷却至室温。本发明的技术方案由于结合剂中的不同组分在液相中混合,混合均匀程度可达到分子级别,可加快不同组分之间的反应速度,砂轮烧成温度可降低近200℃,并大大缩短烧成时间,节能的同时减少了金刚石等磨料的热损伤。
优选的方案,混合浆料在注模之前进行抽真空排除气泡处理。通过排除气泡处理,能使坯体中气孔分布均匀,制得的砂轮坯体显微结构均匀,强度高,可有效提高使用寿命。
本发明采用的二氧化硅溶胶为工业级SiO2溶胶。其主要由无机醇盐制得,不含有机物。克服了传统湿法成形的不足,制得的砂轮缺陷较少。
本发明的制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,包括以下具体步骤:
1)制备混合溶胶:先将工业级SiO2溶胶和分析纯级LiNO3、ZrOCl2·8H2O、NaNO3、Zn(NO3)2·6H2O、Al(NO3)3·9H2O按照下表:
比例称取相应质量,将盐溶解再与二氧化硅溶胶进行机械搅拌混合,为促进盐溶解及混合均匀,可适当加热至40~60℃,并调节混合溶胶的pH为2~3;混合溶胶中结合剂的固含量为50~55wt%;
2)在步骤1)中制备的混合溶胶中加入8~12vol%N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,再加入0.2~0.8wt%萘系减水剂,调节搅拌速度,混合均匀;其中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积分数是混合溶胶的总体积,萘系减水剂的质量分数是相对于需加入磨料的质量;
3)在步骤2)中加入了N,N-二甲基甲酰胺及萘系减水剂后的混合溶胶中,在机械搅拌条件下加入磨料,磨料的质量占成型砂轮总质量的70%~80%,搅拌30min,调节混合浆料的pH为4~5,真空除泡,再把混合浆料倒入成型模具中在70~90℃温度下固化成型,得到坯体;
4)坯体连同模具一起先在室温下自然干燥24h后,进行程序升温干燥:50℃/3h、60℃/2h、70℃/2h、80℃/2h、100℃/1h、120℃/1h,最后自然降温至35℃;脱模,粗加工;
5)粗加工后的坯体按以下烧成曲线烧成:室温~220℃,升温速率为2~3℃/min,保温30min;220℃~450℃,升温速率为2~3℃/min,保温30min;450℃~620℃,升温速率为1.5~2.5℃/min,保温60min;620℃~850℃,升温速率为1.5~2.0℃/min,保温120min;最后随炉冷却至室温;烧成后的坯体进行精密加工制得陶瓷结合剂砂轮。
相对现有技术,本发明的技术方案带来的有益技术效果:
1)本发明的技术方案中结合剂的形成及与磨料的混合都在液相中进行。一方面,各组分之间的混合均匀程度可达到分子级别,可加快不同组分之间的反应速度,砂轮烧成温度可降低近200℃,并大大缩短烧成时间,节能的同时减少了金刚石等磨料的热损伤;另一方面,混合溶胶形成的结合剂结构细小,可达到纳米级别,从而细化、均化了砂轮的微观结构,可完全避免传统方法粗颗粒结合剂对加工表面形成划伤等;第三方面,混合溶胶以液态形式与磨料混合,均匀性好,特别是混合溶胶中的结合剂组分可以在磨料表面形成均匀的结合剂层,结合剂层对磨料表面的覆盖率接近100%(如图1所示),从而可提高结合剂对金刚石等磨料的结合强度和砂轮的整体强度,同时还可提高砂轮磨削过程中工作面的形状保持性和实现高速磨削。
2)本发明的技术方案中溶胶与磨料混合后一起快速形成固定态的凝胶,能够将磨料固定住,使制得砂轮坯体结构非常均匀,磨削性能稳定,磨削形面同步性和保持性好。
3)本发明的技术方案通过添加干燥控制化学添加剂,使坯体中气孔分布均匀,制得的砂轮坯体显微结构均匀(如图2所示),强度高,可有效提高使用寿命;
4)相对于干法成型,本发明的技术方案磨料及结合剂各组分都是在溶液中混合,可以比较容易的控制坯体中粉料之间的团聚及杂质,减少内部缺陷,并可制备各种复杂形状的砂轮;
5)本发明的技术方案所需设备为常规设备、操作简单、成本低,相对于陶瓷结合剂和磨料在临时润湿剂的作用下冷压成型相比,不再需要添加临时粘结剂,可简化烧成工艺。
附图说明:
【图1】为陶瓷结合剂与金刚石磨料之间界面结合微观形貌图;
【图2】为砂轮组织均匀性显微形貌图;
【图3】为金刚石/陶瓷结合剂砂轮磨削硬质合金工件表面形貌图;
【图4】为砂轮制备的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明专利制备SiO2-Al2O3-Li2O-Na2O-ZnO-ZrO2系陶瓷结合剂砂轮采用的原料有:工业级SiO2溶胶(固相含量25wt%),分析纯硝酸锂、氯氧化锆、硝酸铝、硝酸钠、硝酸锌等,并采用稀硝酸和稀释氨水调节pH值。
实施例1
1)制备多组分溶胶:按照上表所示配方,将Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,LiNO3,NaNO3,Al(NO3)3·9H2O、ZrOCl2·8H2O溶于43.9克去离子水中制成混合溶液;称取工业级SiO2溶胶,在匀速搅拌条件缓慢滴入上述混合溶液,在恒温加热磁力搅拌器上搅拌混合,设定温度为50℃,用10%稀HNO3溶液调整多组分溶胶pH为2;
2)在多组分溶胶中加入10vol%N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,再加入2.16克聚萘系高效减水剂,混合均匀;
3)按2中所述制备的多组分溶胶中,固定转速340r/min,加入金刚石磨料(磨料的质量占成型砂轮总质量的70%),搅拌30min,调节混合浆料的pH为4,把所得浆料经真空除泡后倒入所要求的成型模具中,加热模具温度至75℃,进行凝聚固化成型,得到坯体;
4)坯体连同模具一起先在室温下自然干燥24h,再以50℃/3h、60℃/2h、70℃/2h、80℃/2h、100℃/1h、120℃/1h常压干燥,最后自然降温至35℃;脱模,粗加工;
5)粗加工后的坯体按以下烧成曲线烧成:室温~220℃,2.5℃/min,220℃保温30min;220℃~450℃,2℃/min,450℃保温30min;450℃~620℃,2℃/min,620℃保温60min,620℃~850℃,1.5℃/min,850℃保温120min,最后随炉冷却至室温;烧成后的坯体进行精密加工制得陶瓷结合剂砂轮。
本实施例所制砂轮的直线收缩率为10%~20%,体积密度为1.3~2.0g/cm3,气孔率为20~26%,硬度为85~102。
实施例2
1)制备多组分溶胶:按照上表所示配方,将Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,LiNO3,NaNO3,Al(NO3)3·9H2O、ZrOCl2·8H2O溶于44.2克去离子水中制成混合溶液;称取工业级SiO2溶胶,在匀速搅拌条件缓慢滴入上述混合溶液,在恒温加热磁力搅拌器上搅拌混合,设定温度为55℃,用稀释的氨水溶液调整多组分溶胶pH为2.5;
2)在多组分溶胶中加入10vol%N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,再加入2.14克萘系高效减水剂,混合均匀;
3)按2中所述制备的多组分溶胶中,固定转速为400r/min,加入金刚石磨料(磨料的质量占成型砂轮总质量的75%),搅拌30min,调节混合浆料的pH为4,把所得浆料经真空除泡后倒入所要求的成型模具中,加热模具温度至85℃,进行凝聚固化成型,得到坯体;
4)坯体连同模具一起先在室温下自然干燥24h,再以50℃/3h、60℃/2h、70℃/2h、80℃/2h、100℃/1h、120℃/1h常压干燥,最后自然降温至35℃;脱模,粗加工;
5)粗加工后的坯体按以下烧成曲线烧成:室温~220℃,2.5℃/min,220℃保温30min;220℃~450℃,2℃/min,450℃保温30min;450℃~620℃,2℃/min,620℃保温60min,620℃~850℃,1.5℃/min,850℃保温120min,最后随炉冷却至室温;烧成后的坯体进行精密加工制得陶瓷结合剂砂轮。
本实施例所制砂轮的直线收缩率为15%~20%,体积密度为1.6~2.4g/cm3,气孔率为23~28%,硬度为85~102。
实施例3
1)制备多组分溶胶:按照上表所示配方,将Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,LiNO3,NaNO3,Al(NO3)3·9H2O、ZrOCl2·8H2O溶于45.4克去离子水中制成混合溶液;称取工业级SiO2溶胶,在搅拌条件下缓慢滴入混合溶液,在恒温加热磁力搅拌器上搅拌混合,温度设定在60℃,用稀释氨水溶液调整多组分溶胶pH为3;
2)在多组分溶胶中加入10vol%N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,再加入2.11克萘系高效减水剂,混合均匀;
3)按2中所述制备的多组分溶胶中,固定转速为360r/min,加入金刚石磨料(磨料的质量占成型砂轮总质量的80%),搅拌30min,调节混合浆料的pH为5,把所得浆料经真空除泡后倒入所要求的成型模具中,加热模具温度至80℃,进行凝聚固化成型,得到坯体;
4)坯体连同模具一起先在室温下自然干燥24h,再以50℃/3h、60℃/2h、70℃/2h、80℃/2h、100℃/1h、120℃/1h常压干燥,最后自然降温至35℃;脱模,粗加工;
5)粗加工后的坯体按以下烧成曲线烧成:室温~220℃,2.5℃/min,220℃保温30min;220℃~450℃,2℃/min,450℃保温30min;450℃~620℃,2℃/min,620℃保温60min,620℃~850℃,1.5℃/min,850℃保温120min,最后随炉冷却至室温;烧成后的坯体进行精密加工制得陶瓷结合剂砂轮。
本实施例所制砂轮的直线收缩率为14%~18%,体积密度为1.5~2.2g/cm3,气孔率为21~26%,硬度为85~102。
Claims (8)
1.一种液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:1)将二氧化硅溶胶与含硝酸钠、硝酸锂、氯氧化锆、硝酸锌及硝酸铝的溶液混合均匀,形成混合溶胶,调整所述混合溶胶的pH至2~3;
2)所述混合溶胶与包括磨料在内的组分混合均匀,得到混合浆料;调节所述混合浆料的pH至4~5后,注入模具中,在70~90℃温度下,使混合浆料原位凝聚固化,得到坯体;
3)所述坯体依次经过干燥、脱模、粗加工、烧结及精密加工,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,其特征在于:所述的混合溶胶中各组分的摩尔百分比组成为:
二氧化硅溶胶,以SiO2计量,占48~53%;
硝酸钠,以Na2O计量,占8~12%;
硝酸锂,以Li2O计量,占18~24%;
氯氧化锆,以ZrO2计量,占2~6%;
硝酸锌,以ZnO计量,占7~11%;
硝酸铝,以Al2O3计量,占5~9%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,其特征在于:所述的混合溶胶固含量为50~55%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,其特征在于:在所述混合溶胶中依次加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和萘系减水剂,混合均匀,再加入磨料,进一步混合均匀,得到混合浆料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,其特征在于:
所述N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的用量为所述混合溶胶体积的8~12%;
所述萘系减水剂的用量为磨料质量的0.2~0.8%;
所述磨料的用量占陶瓷结合剂砂轮质量的70~80%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,其特征在于:所述的干燥采用常压阶梯加热干燥方式:在室温下自然干燥20~28h后,依次在45~55℃干燥2.5~3.5h、在55~65℃干燥1.5~2.5h、在65~75℃干燥1.5~2.5h、在75~85℃干燥0.5~2.5h、在95~105℃干燥0.5~1.5h、在115~125℃干燥0.5~1.5h,自然降温至30~40℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,其特征在于:所述的烧结采取阶梯升温烧结方式:
室温~220℃,升温速率为2~3℃/min,于220℃保温25~35min;
380℃~450℃,升温速率为2~3℃/min,于450℃保温25~35min;
450℃~620℃,升温速率为1.5~2.5℃/min,于620℃保温55~65min;
620℃~850℃,升温速率为1.5~2.0℃/min,于850℃保温115~125min;
随炉冷却至室温。
8.根据权利要求1所述的液相原料技术制备陶瓷结合剂砂轮的方法,其特征在于:所述混合浆料在注模之前进行抽真空排除气泡处理。
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