CN106128526B - A kind of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system - Google Patents
A kind of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106128526B CN106128526B CN201610651437.0A CN201610651437A CN106128526B CN 106128526 B CN106128526 B CN 106128526B CN 201610651437 A CN201610651437 A CN 201610651437A CN 106128526 B CN106128526 B CN 106128526B
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- containment
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- power station
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
- G21C13/02—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system, including the ground pond resting on the ground and containment located underground, containment is connected by pipeline with ground pond, containment includes pressure vessel, containment is elliposoidal, containment inner upper is provided with containment air heat-exchanging component, and containment lower inside is provided with heap chamber cooling component, and heap chamber cooling component is arranged around pressure vessel.Underground nuclear power station containment stability can be greatly enhanced by using ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system provided by the invention, discharge the heat of containment under major accident passively using underground nuclear power station layout feature combined ground underground installation simultaneously, in addition the circulation cooling passage of pressure vessel under major accident is made up of heap cavity configuration, containment and heap chamber drainage plate, the heat of pressure vessel is dispersed in whole containment rapidly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear power technology, in particular to a kind of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system.
Background technology
Nuclear Safety, cleaning, efficiently, are the main new energy of achievable industrialized production at present.It is to realize energy-saving and emission-reduction
With the important channel of Green Development.However, once major accident occurs for nuclear power station, when caused a large amount of radioactive substances are to environment
During leakage, huge society, economy, environmental hazard (such as Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear catastrophe) are necessarily caused.Underground nuclear power station
Will be buried in underground with radioactive nuclear island and auxiliary plant, it can effectively prevent that radioactive substance is let out to environment in major accident
Leakage, increase Nuclear Safety.
Containment plays as last layer of safety curtain of nuclear power station and contains radioactive substance, prevents extraneous man induced event
The effect of destruction.Ground nuclear power station generally puts the conduct of prestressed concrete soil layer in one or more layers secure peripheral prevents aircraft such as from hitting
Means (such as patent of outside man induced event such as hit：External prestressing Nuclear containment CN201410083127.4, double layer concrete peace
The passive direct-evaporation-type cooling system CN201210214143.3 of full shell).Underground nuclear power station containment is located at tens rice up to a hundred
Subterranean strata when, man induced event's interference from outside is smaller, but must take into consideration the huge stress from underground surrounding rock body,
Existing nuclear power plant containment shell type can not meet the requirement of underground.
Containment system must also shoulder the work that caused heat in accident is taken out of to containment system in major accident
With.No matter consider from security or economy, the method that containment heat is exported in the form of passive is trend of the times.Underground
Nuclear power station easily can set passive containment thermal conduction system using ground potential difference advantage.In addition, existing containment heat
Export technology major design is concentrated on this stage, the interior heat exchange of usual containment pass through outside heat derives containment in containment
Air and heat exchanger effect (such as Chinese patent passive containment thermal conduction system, application number in containment：
CN201110437864.6), this mode only has preferable cooling effect near heat exchanger position, because containment belongs to phase
To closed system, and inner facility, equipment arrangement are irregular, easily cause containment interior temperature distribution inequality and subregion
Temperature accumulation, so as to aggravate severity of injuries.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the weak point of above-mentioned existing background technology, with reference to the characteristics of underground nuclear power station,
A kind of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system is proposed, the requirement of bearing stress when containment is located underground can be met, again
Heat in containment can be discharged rapidly under major accident, maintain containment integrity.
The purpose of the present invention is reached by following measure：A kind of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system, bag
The ground pond resting on the ground and containment located underground are included, the containment is connected by pipeline with ground pond, institute
Stating containment includes pressure vessel, and it is characterized in that, the containment is elliposoidal, and the containment inner upper is set
Containment air heat-exchanging component is equipped with, the containment lower inside is provided with heap chamber cooling component, the heap chamber cooling component
Arranged around pressure vessel.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the containment air heat-exchanging component includes the containment heat set gradually from top to bottom
Exchanger, containment air deflector and container spray, the containment heat exchanger and container spray respectively with ground
Pond is connected by pipeline, to realize the self-starting and operation of passive heat transfer process and passive spray process.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the heap chamber cooling component includes heap chamber drainage plate, heap cavity configuration and heap chamber spray group
Part, the heap chamber drainage plate are arranged vertically around pressure vessel, are formed heap chamber in the containment lower central, are hot-air structure
Make rising passway；The heap chamber spray assemblies are arranged on the inside of heap chamber drainage plate, around pressure vessel surrounding and bottom, to realize
To the sufficient heat exchange of pressure vessel；The heap cavity configuration forms annular space with containment inwall, declines for cold air construction
Passage, recycle heat exchanger is provided with the containment inwall, the recycle heat exchanger is located at heap cavity configuration and containment
Inwall is formed in annular space, strengthens the heat exchange of containment inner circulating air.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the containment heat exchanger is conical structure, passes through cooling water at the top of cone
Hot arc pipe is connected with ground pond, and cone bottom is connected by cooling down water cooling Duan Guanyu ground pond, is arranged by this structure
Increase cooling water density contrast, beneficial to the foundation of passive circulation；The container spray is by cooling down the water cooling Duan Guanyu surface water
Pond is connected.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the heap chamber spray assemblies include the heap chamber spray ozzle for being arranged at pressure vessel surrounding
With the heap chamber fog spray-head for being arranged at pressure vessel bottom；The heap chamber spray ozzle sprays drop diameter and is not less than 100 microns,
The heap chamber fog spray-head sprays drop diameter between 0.1 micron to 10 microns, heap chamber spray ozzle and heap chamber fog spray-head
Subregion be arranged on while ensure that pressure vessel is cold and go, enough driving forces are provided for atmospheric air circulation in containment.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the rockmass modification layer surrounding, which is set, strengthens anchor pole, strengthens the stability of cavern.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the containment air deflector bottom is circular conical surface, and top is the face of cylinder, circular conical surface
Angle be not less than 10 °, this structure can be such that the hot-air of containment air deflector bottom is collected by deflector and by upper
The face of cylinder in portion is concentrated to the containment heat exchanger on upper strata, while the air after cooling passes through containment air deflector top
It is dispersed to containment surrounding and sinks along side wall, containment atmospheric air circulation passage is formed with this.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the heap chamber spray ozzle sprays drop diameter not less than 100 microns, and the heap chamber is micro-
Fog spray head sprays drop diameter between 0.1 micron to 10 microns, can increase water and air contact area, reinforcing heat exchange capability.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the recycle heat exchanger is at least two groups, circularly symmetric distribution, strengthens exchanging heat and promoting
It is uniformly distributed circulating current.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the recycle heat exchanger lower end connection high-pressure safety valve, the recycle heat exchanger
The external ground hot trap outside containment is connected, heat in containment is exported in time.
By the present invention in that underground nuclear power station containment can be greatly enhanced with ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system
Stability, at the same using underground nuclear power station layout feature combined ground underground installation it is passive discharge containment under major accident
Heat, in addition pass through heap cavity configuration, containment and heap chamber drainage plate form major accident under pressure vessel circulation cooling
Passage, the heat of pressure vessel is dispersed in whole containment rapidly.
Advantages of the present invention includes：
1st, safe, good economy performance, elliposoidal containment structure generation stress is uniform, can disperse periphery rock mass rapidly and add
The load being loaded on containment, stability is high, improves security.Conventional prestressed concrete outer wall is eliminated simultaneously, is reduced
Cost；
2nd, passive property, the heat exchange between containment and outside hot trap are followed naturally by what the discrepancy in elevation and cooling range were brought
Ring driving force works, containment internal heat resource pressure vessel and low-temperature receiver recycle heat exchanger by self-built circulation cooling passage according to
Passive heat conduction is completed by atmospheric density difference；
3rd, rapid heat dissipation, when major accident occurs, cooling water is atomized into by small water smoke by heap chamber fog spray-head, drastically
Increase droplet surface area, amount of heat is taken away by drop evaporation；
4th, emergency duty, post incident can utilize circulating cooling water logging by the high-pressure safety valve that recycle heat exchanger is connected
No pressure vessel.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system of the present invention；
In figure：Rockmass modification layer 1, containment 2, strengthen anchor pole 3, pressure vessel 4, heap chamber spray assemblies 5, heap chamber shower
Mouth 5-1, heap chamber fog spray-head 5-2, ground hot trap 6, recycle heat exchanger 7, high-pressure safety valve 8, heap cavity configuration 9, the drainage of heap chamber
Plate 10, container spray 11, containment air deflector 12, containment heat exchanger 13, cooling water hot arc pipe 14, cool down water cooling
Section pipe 15, ground pond 16.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but the embodiment should not be construed as pair
The limitation of the present invention.
A kind of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system of the present invention is as shown in figure 1, the surface water including resting on the ground
Pond 16 and elliposoidal containment 2 located underground, containment 2 are connected by pipeline with ground pond 16.Containment 2 includes pressure
Force container 4.The inner upper of containment 2 is provided with containment air heat-exchanging component, and the lower inside of containment 2 is provided with the cooling of heap chamber
Component, heap chamber cooling component are arranged around pressure vessel 4.
Containment air heat-exchanging component includes the big conductance of containment heat exchanger 13, containment set gradually from top to bottom
Flowing plate 12 and container spray 11.Containment heat exchanger 13 is conical structure, passes through cooling water hot arc pipe at the top of cone
14 are connected with ground pond 16, and cone bottom is connected by cooling down water cooling section pipe 15 with ground pond 16.Container spray 11
It is connected by cooling down water cooling section pipe 15 with ground pond 16.The bottom of containment air deflector 12 is circular conical surface, and top is cylinder
Face, the angle of circular conical surface is not less than 10 °.
Heap chamber cooling component includes heap chamber drainage plate 10, heap cavity configuration 9 and heap chamber spray assemblies 5, the ring of heap chamber drainage plate 10
Arranged vertically around pressure vessel 4, heap chamber is formed in the lower central of containment 2.Heap chamber spray assemblies 5 are arranged in heap chamber drainage plate 10
Inner side, around the surrounding of pressure vessel 4 and bottom.Heap chamber spray assemblies 5 are connected by pipeline with ground pond 16.Heap chamber spray group
Part 5 includes the heap chamber spray ozzle 5-1 for being arranged at the surrounding of pressure vessel 4 and the micro- spray painting of heap chamber for being arranged at the bottom of pressure vessel 4
Head 5-2.Heap chamber spray ozzle 5-1 sprays drop diameter and is not less than 100 microns, and heap chamber fog spray-head 5-2 sprays drop diameter and existed
Between 0.1 micron to 10 microns.Heap cavity configuration 9 forms annular space with the inwall of containment 2, is provided with and follows on the inwall of containment 2
The circularly symmetric annular for being distributed in heap cavity configuration 9 and being surrounded with containment 2 of ring heat exchanger 7, at least two groups of recycle heat exchangers 7
In space.The lower end of recycle heat exchanger 7 connects high-pressure safety valve 8, and recycle heat exchanger 7 connects the external ground outside containment 2
Hot trap 6.
The outside of containment 2 sets rockmass modification layer 1, and the surrounding of rockmass modification layer 1, which is set, strengthens anchor pole 3.Containment 2 is ellipsoid
Shape structure, its ellipsoid structure generation stress can be utilized uniform, when surrounding rock body applies load to containment 2, the structure of containment 2
The rapid distractive load of energy, improve the security of containment 2.The outside of containment 2 is one layer of rockmass modification layer 1, plays support, adds
Gu, protection and the purpose to underground water segregation, for the peripheral ring of rockmass modification layer 1 around anchor pole 3 is strengthened, further strengthening system is stable
Property.Containment heat exchanger 13 and ground pond 16 are connected by cooling water hot arc pipe 14 and cooling water cooling section pipe 15, pass through ground
The Natural Circulation driving force that the temperature difference is brought in potential difference and heat exchanger forms passive circulation heat extraction mechanism.
In major accident, heap chamber spray assemblies 5 start, and heap chamber sprays ozzle 5-1 and sprays diameter to the pressure vessel 4 of high temperature
Small water droplet not less than 100 microns is cooled down, and ensures that surface contacts with water while cooling to pressure vessel 4.Heap chamber is micro-
Fog spray head 5-2 sprays water droplet of a large amount of diameters between 0.1 micron to 10 microns, and because drop is tiny, liquid gas contact surface is drastically
Increase, a large amount of water droplets evaporate, and take away the heat of pressure vessel 4 rapidly.In heap chamber after air heat absorption heating near pressure vessel 4
Risen under the guiding of drainage plate 10 at the containment air deflector 12 on the top of containment 2, by containment air deflector 12
Guiding is collected to the containment heat exchanger 13 on top.Cooling water is heated in containment heat exchanger 13, is acted in density contrast
Under, heated cooling water rises to ground pond 16 through cooling water heat pipeline section 14, while in ground pond 16 cooling water through cooling
Water cooling section pipe 15 flows to containment heat exchanger 13, completes the process to the external world by 2 heat derives in containment.Now, safety
Air density increase after heat exchange cools down at the inner containment heat exchanger 13 of shell 2, is guided in containment air deflector 12
Under, heap cavity configuration 9 and the annular space in the besieged city of containment 2 are downwardly towards along the inwall side of containment 2, at recycle heat exchanger 7,
Air is further cooled, and is circulated refrigerated water in recycle heat exchanger 7, to air dewetting while further cooling air.
Under heap chamber air swabbing action, the air of low temperature drying is inhaled into heap chamber, continues cooling pressure container 4, completes in containment 2
The cycle heat exchange of air.In the cycle heat exchange later stage, by container spray 11, into containment, atmospheric air is sprayed, and reduction is put
The airborne thing concentration of penetrating property.
In the major accident later stage, by being pressurizeed to recycle heat exchanger 7, its pressure is exceeded high-pressure safety valve 8 and set pressure,
Now high-pressure safety valve 8 automatically opens up, and by external ground hot trap 6 to the water filling of containment 2, floods pressure vessel 4, it is ensured that peace
Entirely.After pressure vessel 4 floods end, pressure is reduced, high-pressure safety valve 8 is closed automatically, terminates water filling.
Other unspecified parts are prior art.The present invention is not strictly limited to above-described embodiment.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system, including the ground pond (16) that rest on the ground and located underground
Containment (2), the containment (2) are connected by pipeline with ground pond (16), and the containment (2) includes pressure vessel
(4), it is characterised in that：The containment (2) is elliposoidal, and containment (2) inner upper is provided with containment air and changed
Hot component, containment (2) lower inside are provided with heap chamber cooling component, and the heap chamber cooling component surrounds pressure vessel
(4) arrange；The containment air heat-exchanging component includes containment heat exchanger (13), the containment set gradually from top to bottom
Air deflector (12) and container spray (11), the containment heat exchanger (13) and container spray (11) respectively with ground
Face pond (16) is connected by pipeline；The heap chamber cooling component includes heap chamber drainage plate (10), heap cavity configuration (9) and the spray of heap chamber
Component (5) is drenched, the heap chamber drainage plate (10) is arranged vertically around pressure vessel (4), in the containment (2) lower central shape
Chamber in heaps；The heap chamber spray assemblies (5) are arranged on the inside of heap chamber drainage plate (10), around pressure vessel (4) surrounding and bottom；
The heap cavity configuration forms annular space with containment (2) inwall, and recycle heat exchanger is provided with containment (2) inwall
(7), the recycle heat exchanger (7) is located at heap cavity configuration (9) and formed with containment (2) inwall in annular space.
A kind of 2. ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The containment
Heat exchanger (13) is conical structure, is connected at the top of cone by cooling water hot arc pipe (14) with ground pond (16), circle
Cone base is connected by cooling down water cooling section pipe (15) with ground pond (16)；The container spray (11) is by cooling down water cooling
Section pipe (15) is connected with ground pond (16).
A kind of 3. ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heap chamber spray
Leaching component (5) includes the heap chamber spray ozzle (5-1) for being arranged at pressure vessel (4) surrounding and is arranged at pressure vessel (4) bottom
Heap chamber fog spray-head (5-2)；The heap chamber spray ozzle (5-1) sprays drop diameter and is not less than 100 microns, and the heap chamber is micro-
Fog spray head (5-2) sprays drop diameter between 0.1 micron to 10 microns.
A kind of 4. ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Rockmass modification layer
(1) surrounding, which is set, strengthens anchor pole (3).
A kind of 5. ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The containment
Air deflector (12) bottom is circular conical surface, and top is the face of cylinder, and the angle of circular conical surface is not less than 10 °.
A kind of 6. ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The heap chamber spray
Shower pipe mouth (5-1) sprays drop diameter and is not less than 100 microns, and it is micro- 0.1 that the heap chamber fog spray-head (5-2) sprays drop diameter
Rice is between 10 microns.
A kind of 7. ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cycling hot
Exchanger (7) is at least two groups, circularly symmetric distribution.
A kind of 8. ellipsoid formula underground nuclear power station containment system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The cycling hot
Exchanger (7) lower end connection high-pressure safety valve (8), the external ground level heat of recycle heat exchanger (7) the connection containment (2) outside
Trap (6).
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Families Citing this family (3)
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| CN107564592B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2021-08-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive air-cooling containment vessel |
| CN111341469A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-26 | 扬州大学 | Immersed injection system applied to cooling of pressure vessel of nuclear power station |
| CN112053792B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-02-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Nuclear power plant post-accident containment heat exporting system |
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