CN104064238A - Passive water rinsing filter system for airborne radioactive effluent of underground nuclear power station - Google Patents
Passive water rinsing filter system for airborne radioactive effluent of underground nuclear power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN104064238A CN104064238A CN201410264164.5A CN201410264164A CN104064238A CN 104064238 A CN104064238 A CN 104064238A CN 201410264164 A CN201410264164 A CN 201410264164A CN 104064238 A CN104064238 A CN 104064238A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a passive water rinsing filter system for airborne radioactive effluent of an underground nuclear power station. The filter system comprises a metal tank arranged in an underground grotto, wherein a certain amount of iodine filtering solution is contained in the metal tank, the lower part of the sidewall of the metal tank is provided with a gas inlet pipe communicated with a safety shell, the gas inlet pipe is communicated with a plurality of branch pipes in the metal tank, venturi pipes are densely distributed on the branch pipes, the tops of the venturi pipes are lower than the liquid level of the iodine filtering solution, the top of the metal tank is provided with a gas outlet pipe communicated with a flue, a metal fiber filter is arranged under the gas outlet pipe, a heat exchange pipe is arranged between the venturi pipes and the inner wall of the metal tank, the heat exchange pipe is communicated with a ground cooling water tank, and the sidewall of the metal tank is also provided with a liquid injection pipe and a liquid drain pipe. According to the passive water rinsing filter system, the characteristic of the underground nuclear power station and the work principle of the venturi pipes are combined, so that the water rinsing filter system which is passive, can be subjected to self adjustment and pressure relief, can operate effectively in a long-term and can be used repeatedly is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear power technology, refer to particularly the non-active washing filtering system of a kind of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent.
Background technology
If nuclear power station generation core meltdown major accident, reactor core fused mass can react with concrete floor, produce a large amount of noncondensing airborne radioactivity effluents, cause containment superpressure, now need to enable containment filtration exhaust system and initiatively reduce containment pressure, and filter airborne radioactivity effluent.
The most important equipment of containment filtration exhaust system is exactly filtrator, and different filtrators can bring different filter effects.The initial filtrator using is sand-bed filter and metal fiber filter, and sandstone and metal fibre all have absorption and be detained the effect of airborne radioactivity effluent, but they all can not remove I effectively, can only play delayed-action.There is afterwards a kind of mixer filter, formed by nozzle and two-stage gas-liquid separator, degassing sol and I more effectively, but need additionaling power.And the combination filter that the filtrator that the developed countries such as current Switzerland generally adopt is made up of venturi water scrubber and metal fiber filter, wherein venturi water scrubber is using the pressure of the gas of releasing as power source, do not need exterior power, can remove most gasoloid and most I, and remaining gasoloid can further be filtered by metal fiber filter.But the weak point of this combination filter is that amount of solution is wherein limited, cannot long-time running, and do not remove the effective ways that filter raffinate, can not Reusability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent that proposes a kind of energy long-time running in major accident situation, effectively filters airborne radioactivity effluent.
In order to overcome the defect existing in background technology, the non-active washing filtering system of a kind of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent that the present invention is designed, comprise the metal can being arranged in underground chamber, in metal can, be loaded with a certain amount of filter iodine solution, its special character is, the sidewall below of described metal can is provided with gas inlet pipe, described gas inlet pipe is communicated with several arms in metal can, intensive layout Venturi tube on described arm, the top of described Venturi tube is lower than the liquid level of filter iodine solution, described metal can top is provided with gas outlet tube, the below of described gas outlet tube is provided with metal fiber filter, between described Venturi tube and metal can inwall, be provided with heat-exchange tube, described heat-exchange tube is communicated with the cooling pond on ground.
In technique scheme, described metal fiber filter below is provided with mist eliminator.Mist eliminator is mainly used in removing the drop that Exhaust Gas is carried secretly, prevents that the drop that contains radioiodine element is discharged to outside metal can with Exhaust Gas.
In technique scheme, described heat-exchange tube is arranged twist around Venturi tube.Heat-exchange tube is arranged in metal can twist, better to the heat exchange effect of solution in metal can.
In technique scheme, the sidewall middle part of described metal can is provided with the liquid injection pipe being communicated with ground solution pool, and the sidewall bottom of described metal can is provided with the discharging tube being connected with waste treatment system.Obvious when the filter iodine solution consumption in metal can, when liquid level approaches Venturi tube top, can annotate and filter iodine solution by liquid injection pipe, also can discharge used filter iodine solution by discharging tube.
In technique scheme, described gas inlet pipe is provided with vertical para-seismic support with arm below, between described arm and metal can sidewall, be provided with horizontal anti-seismic support, vertical para-seismic support and horizontal anti-seismic support, make the internals of metal can have good shock resistance.
In technique scheme, described gas inlet pipe is also communicated with the reactor cavern at containment place.Under major accident, native system can all pass into the airborne radioactivity effluent in containment and reactor cavern in metal can.
In technique scheme, described liquid injection pipe is being filtered between the liquid level and Venturi tube top of iodine solution at the height of metal can sidewall entrance.The entrance of liquid injection pipe is arranged between the liquid level and Venturi tube top of filtering iodine solution in metal can, in the time of filling solution, ensures that the gas spraying is all the time below liquid level from Venturi tube.
In technique scheme, on described liquid injection pipe, be provided with the first isolation valve, on described discharging tube, be provided with the second isolation valve.The injection of the first isolation valve control filter iodine solution, the discharge of the second isolation valve control filter iodine solution.
The present invention is based on Venturi tube principle and effectively filter the airborne radioactivity effluent in containment and reactor cavern, utilize potential energy difference to realize the decay heat that non-active cooling long-time running produces, for the airborne radioactivity effluent washing filtering after underground nuclear power station generation major accident, it can long-time running, effectively removal filtration raffinate.
The present invention is in conjunction with the feature of underground nuclear power station and the principle of work of Venturi tube, designs a kind of washing filtering system of non-active, self-control pressure release.Non-active washing filtering system is placed in underground chamber, can improves its shock resistance and reliability.The application of Venturi tube can improve the filter effect to particle, gasoloid and I in emission gases.Under nuclear plant severe accident, this filtering system can reduce the pressure of containment, effectively filters airborne radioactivity effluent.At initial operating stage, this filtering system does not need the support of other system and operating personnel's intervention, and the design of heat-exchange tube and liquid injection pipe has guaranteed that it has the ability of long-time running.If containment lost efficacy, airborne radioactivity effluent enters in reactor cavern, and this filtering system still can effectively be filtered airborne radioactivity effluent.Realize the discharge function of radioactivity raffinate, make this filtering system can Reusability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the planar structure schematic diagram of gas inlet pipe in Fig. 1, arm, Venturi tube, horizontal anti-seismic support and heat-exchange tube;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Venturi tube in Fig. 1;
In figure: 1. ground, 2. underground chamber, 3. metal can, 4. gas inlet pipe, 5. arm, 6. Venturi tube, 6-1. contraction section, 6-2. trunnion, 6-3. diffuser, 6-4. imbibing hole, 7. heat-exchange tube, 8. liquid level, 9. mist eliminator, 10. metal fiber filter, 11. gas outlet tubes, 12. liquid injection pipes, 13. first isolation valves, 14. solution pools, 15. cooling ponds, 16. vertical para-seismic support, 17. horizontal anti-seismic supports, 18. discharging tubes, 19. second isolation valves.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, but this embodiment should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
The non-active washing filtering system of a kind of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, comprise the metal can 3 being arranged in underground chamber 2, the sidewall below of metal can 3 is provided with gas inlet pipe 4, gas inlet pipe 4 is communicated with containment and reactor cavern respectively, under major accident, the airborne radioactivity effluent in containment and reactor cavern is passed in metal can 3.The sidewall middle part of metal can 3 is provided with the liquid injection pipe 12, the sidewall bottom that are communicated with the solution pool 14 on ground 1 and is provided with the discharging tube 18 being connected with waste treatment system, is provided with the first isolation valve 13 on liquid injection pipe 12, is provided with the second isolation valve 19 on discharging tube 18.In the time that solution reduces and need to supplement, open the first isolation valve 13, utilize potential energy difference that the solution in 1 solution pool 14 of ground is injected to metal can 3, guarantee the long-time running of this filtering system, after this filtering system is out of service, can open the second isolation valve 19 on discharging tube 18, radioactivity raffinate is discharged in waste treatment system.Metal can 3 tops are provided with the gas outlet tube 11 being communicated with the chimney of underground nuclear power station, and the below of gas outlet tube 11 is disposed with metal fiber filter 10 and mist eliminator 9.Gas inlet pipe 4 is communicated with several arms 5 in metal can 3, and gas inlet pipe 4 is provided with vertical para-seismic support 16 with arm 5 belows, between arm 5 and metal can 3 sidewalls, is provided with horizontal anti-seismic support 17.Intensive layout Venturi tube 6 on arm 5, the gas of exporting from arm 5 sprays through Venturi tube 6 from bottom to top.Between Venturi tube 6 and metal can 3 inwalls, be provided with heat-exchange tube 7, heat-exchange tube 7 is communicated with the cooling pond 15 on ground 1, and cooling pond 15 is arranged in ground 1, utilizes potential energy difference to realize the decay heat that non-active cooling long-time running produces.Heat-exchange tube 7 is designed to circle shape, arranges twist around Venturi tube 6.
In metal can 3, be contained with a certain amount of filter iodine solution, in filter iodine solution, contain the material that can absorb I.Metal can 3 has good sealing, prevents the leakage of gas and liquid, and can bear design pressure.The liquid level 8 of the interior filter iodine solution of metal can 3 must be higher than Venturi tube 6 and heat-exchange tube 7, and lower than mist eliminator 9 and metal fiber filter 10, more than 8 will retain certain gas space at liquid level.Liquid injection pipe 12 at the height of metal can 3 sidewall entrances between liquid level 8 and Venturi tube 6 tops.
Venturi tube 6 is mainly made up of contraction section 6-1, trunnion 6-2 and diffuser 6-3, wherein on trunnion 6-2, has imbibing hole 6-4.Enter after contraction section 6-1 containing the gas of radioactive grain, flow velocity increases and in the time entering trunnion, reaches maximal value.Solution enters the trunnion 6-2 place of Venturi tube 6 through imbibing hole 6-4, between liquid phase, relative velocity is very large, drop atomization under high velocity air, and gas humidity reaches capacity.Radioactive grain is moistening by liquid, and fierce collision and cohesion occur between atomized drop.In diffuser 6-3, gas-liquid speed reduces, and pressure gos up, and the cohesion taking radioactive grain as the nucleus of condensation is accelerated, and is condensed into the dust-laden drop that diameter is larger, is dissolved in the solution of metal can 3.
In the time that the method for underground nuclear power station generation major accident and the discharge of need to taking the initiative reduces the pressure of containment, non-active washing filtering system is enabled.In initial 24 hours, do not need the support of water or electric system, also without operating personnel's intervention, airborne radioactivity effluent is directly passed into the gas inlet pipe 4 of this filtering system.Airborne radioactivity effluent enters in Venturi tube 6 by gas inlet pipe 4 and gas inlet pipe branch 5, filters in iodine solution interior most of radioactive grain, gasoloid and most I are dissolved in of Venturi tube 6.The residual gas spraying from Venturi tube 6 is gone out liquid level 8 and is entered the gas space, and after mist eliminator 9 and metal fiber filter 10, drop, radioactive grain and gasoloid in gas are further filtered.Finally, gas is discharged through gas outlet tube 11.If this filtering system operation long period (exceeding 24 hours), solution consumption in metal can 3 is obvious, when liquid level 8 has approached Venturi tube 6 top, need to open isolation valve 13, utilize potential energy difference by the solution in ground solution pool 14 in liquid injection pipe 12 is injected into metal can 3; And because working time is longer, the decay heat in system also, increasing, need to be passed through the non-active derivation decay heat of heat-exchange tube 7 and cooling pond, ground 15.If containment lost efficacy, airborne radioactivity effluent enters in reactor cavern, and this filtering system still can effectively be filtered airborne radioactivity effluent.After this filtering system is out of service, can open isolation valve 19, through discharging tube 18, radioactivity raffinate is discharged in waste treatment system.
It should be noted that the amount of solution in this filtering system initial operating stage metal can 3 can not be too much, need to keep enough gas spaces, this is because the expansion of initial operating stage compressed steam and Chi Shui can cause liquid level temporarily raise and reach peak value.If gas space deficiency, solution can flood mist eliminator 9 and metal fiber filter 10, causes parts damages.Then along with the operation of filtering system, amount of solution constantly consumes, and liquid level just can decline.
Other unspecified part is prior art.
Claims (8)
1. the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent, comprise the metal can (3) being arranged in underground chamber (2), in metal can (3), be loaded with a certain amount of filter iodine solution, it is characterized in that: the sidewall below of described metal can (3) is provided with gas inlet pipe (4), described gas inlet pipe (4) is communicated with several arms (5) in metal can (3), the upper intensive layout Venturi tube (6) of described arm (5), the top of described Venturi tube (6) is lower than the liquid level (8) of filter iodine solution, described metal can (3) top is provided with gas outlet tube (11), the below of described gas outlet tube (11) is provided with metal fiber filter (10), between described Venturi tube (6) and metal can (3) inwall, be provided with heat-exchange tube (7), described heat-exchange tube (7) is communicated with the cooling pond (15) of ground (1).
2. the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described metal fiber filter (10) below is provided with mist eliminator (9).
3. the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat-exchange tube (7) is arranged twist around Venturi tube (6).
4. the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sidewall middle part of described metal can (3) is provided with the liquid injection pipe (12) being communicated with ground (1) solution pool (14), the sidewall bottom of described metal can (3) is provided with the discharging tube (18) being connected with waste treatment system.
5. the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gas inlet pipe (4) is provided with vertical para-seismic support (16) with arm (5) below, between described arm (5) and metal can (3) sidewall, is provided with horizontal anti-seismic support (17).
6. the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described gas inlet pipe (4) is communicated with reactor cavern.
7. the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described liquid injection pipe (12) is positioned between the liquid level (8) and Venturi tube (6) top of filter iodine solution at the height of metal can (3) sidewall entrance.
8. the non-active washing filtering system of underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: on described liquid injection pipe (12), be provided with the first isolation valve (13), on described discharging tube (18), be provided with the second isolation valve (19).
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| CN201410264164.5A CN104064238B (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | Underground nuclear power station airborne radioactivity effluent passive washing filtering system |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104409112A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-11 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Containment recycling system |
| CN104505133A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-08 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Airborne radioactive anti-diffusion system for underground nuclear power station |
| CN104667663A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Aerosol metal fiber filter |
| CN106033687A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-10-19 | 卡夫里昂德国有限责任公司 | Nuclear power plant |
| CN107039096A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-11 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Filtering emission system under underground nuclear power station major accident |
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| CN107039096A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-11 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Filtering emission system under underground nuclear power station major accident |
| CN107039096B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2023-10-10 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Filtering and discharging system for underground nuclear power station under serious accident |
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| CN104064238B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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