CN107945898A - A kind of integration dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of integration dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107945898A CN107945898A CN201711272638.0A CN201711272638A CN107945898A CN 107945898 A CN107945898 A CN 107945898A CN 201711272638 A CN201711272638 A CN 201711272638A CN 107945898 A CN107945898 A CN 107945898A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- pressure
- silver zeolite
- metal fiber
- radioaerosol
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/02—Treating gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/82—Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of integrated dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus, including central lumen 1, metal fiber filter 2, interface section 3, expansion segment 4, silver zeolite filter 5, contraction section 6, rupture disk 7, outlet 8, pressure-bearing shell 9, entrance 10, end chambers 11, lime set delivery pipe 12, heat exchanger tube 13, metal fiber filter lyophoby pipe 14, reducing pressure by regulating flow orifice plate 15, uniform flow orifice 16；Metal fiber filter 2 is completed to be filtered the dehumidifying of mixed gas and dust removal process, and silver zeolite filter 5 is removed by the radioiodine in filtering mixed gas by chemically reacting.The present invention uses integral structure, and operating pressure is high, can effectively reduce 5 volume of silver zeolite filter, reduces equipment production cost.The present invention uses the passive design of rupture disk 7, simple in structure, safe for operation, and reliability is high.Overall structure of the present invention is simple, small volume, good economy performance, can more easily be arranged, installation, maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear reactor safety technical field, and in particular to a kind of integration dry type radioaerosol filtering
Device.
Background technology
Nuclear power plant containment shell is last one of the barrier for preventing radioactive product can be discharged into environment, its integrality for
Environmental protection plays an important role.Containment filtration exhaust system makes pressure in containment not by active pressure relief blow
Limit value is carried more than it, so that it is guaranteed that the integrality of containment, meanwhile, by the filtration apparatus on release pipeline to row
Radioactive substance in deflation body is filtered, and prevents radioactive material confrontation environment from causing to seriously endanger.Foreign countries are to containment mistake
It is more early to filter the research starting of tapping equipment, such as sand beds exhaust system, wet filter etc..The research of China in this respect
Start late, from the 14th national nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulic academic meeting paper《Venturi scrubber removes degassing sol
Characteristic test is studied》With《Atomic energy science and technology》Reported in the o. 11th of volume 47《The experiment of gaseous state methyl iodide removal behavior is ground
Study carefully》From the point of view of in document, rinsing type venturi filter is very high for the aerosol after major accident and the filter efficiency of iodine,
But do not reach safety dumping index request still for the filter efficiency of radioactivity methyl iodide, only rely on the washing chemical solution of preparation
Methyl iodide can not effectively be removed.In order to effectively remove radioactivity methyl iodide, it can use zeolite with carrying silver should as sorbing material
In filtering emission system.Applied using zeolite with carrying silver as adsorbent in chemical field.
Patent CN100509138C proposes that absorption removes the micro iodate in acetic anhydride product using silver-colored acid resistance zeolite is carried
Thing.The method has various sizes of iodide molecules high suction-operated, can effectively remove inorganic in acetic anhydride crude product
And/or organic iodide and/or molecular iodine, removal efficiency is more than 99%.Patent CN106554272A is proposed using silver boiling
Stone can remove the iodide ion in organic acid, using a kind of silver molecular sieve prepared by vacuum impregnation technology as adsorbent, make to have
Machine acid, by adsorbent, can effectively be removed iodide ion and silver ion is not easily to fall off with certain speed.Therefore it can be passed through using silver zeolite
Chemical reaction removes the radionuclide iodo- 131 in gas, but due to its intrinsic hydrophily, its filter efficiency is by humidity
Influence very big.Therefore, how in filtering emission system initial start stage, it is current state to improve silver zeolite and remove the efficiency of methyl iodide
One of letter technical barrier to be solved on border.
Improving the efficiency of silver zeolite removal methyl iodide needs following condition:Steam is in an overheated state；Gaseous mixture
Body flow velocity is low；Silver zeolite thickness of filter bed is big；Equipment is preheated before starting.
The content of the invention
For insufficient present in currently available technology, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of simple in structure, safe for operation one
Body dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
The present invention is a kind of integral type dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus, including central lumen 1, metallic fiber filter
Device 2, interface section 3, expansion segment 4, silver zeolite filter 5, contraction section 6, rupture disk 7, outlet 8, pressure-bearing shell 9, entrance 10, end
Portion's chamber 11, lime set delivery pipe 12, heat exchanger tube 13, metal fiber filter lyophoby pipe 14, reducing pressure by regulating flow orifice plate 15, uniform flow orifice
16；It is characterized in that：9 internal structure of pressure-bearing shell is symmetrical, and entrance 10 is in 9 both ends of pressure-bearing shell, metallic fiber filter
Device 2 is centrally arranged, the installation heat exchanger tube 13 in 9 both ends of pressure-bearing shell, silver zeolite filter 5 of silver zeolite filter 5；Metallic fiber
Connected between filter 2, silver zeolite filter 5 with interface section 3, expansion segment 4；In 5 outer wall of silver zeolite filter and pressure-bearing shell 9
Wall welds together, and central lumen 1, end chambers 11 will be separated into inside pressure-bearing shell 9；Outlet 8 goes out in end chambers 11
There is rupture disk 7 on mouth pipe 8, outlet 8 is connected by contraction section 6 with silver zeolite filter 5；1 bottom of central lumen, end chambers
11 bottoms set lime set delivery pipe 12 respectively；Metal fiber filter 2 includes pre-filter layer and smart filter layer, pre-filter layer with
Metal fiber filter lyophoby pipe 14 connects；Lime set delivery pipe 12 and metal fiber filter lyophoby pipe 14 pass through pressure-bearing shell 9
Bottom.
Reducing pressure by regulating flow orifice plate 15 and uniform flow orifice 16 are set respectively in the interface section 3, expansion segment 4.
The silver zeolite filter 5 uses heat converter structure, and radioactive nucleus is removed by the chemical reaction of silver and iodine
Plain iodine -131；Heat exchanger tube 13 uses the structure of arranged crosswise.
The heat exchanger tube 13 has small gradient.
The thickness of the silver zeolite filter 5 is not less than 5cm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention beneficial effect is：
The present invention effectively removes the radioactive substance in gas, heat exchanger tube 13 can have using the method for silver zeolite absorption
Effect preheating and continuous heating silver zeolite filter 5, improve device operational reliability.
The silver zeolite filter 5 that the present invention designs can effectively remove the iodine -131 contained in radgas, after making filtering
Gas reach environmental emission standard.
Reducing pressure by regulating flow orifice plate 15 in the present invention, makes the steam that is filtered in mixed gas in an overheated state, adopts at the same time
With the expansion segment 4 with uniform flow orifice 16 gas can be made to distribute uniform flow while reduction of speed, avoid local velocity excessive
It is caused part removal efficiency it is too low the problem of.
The present invention uses integrated arrangement structure, can effectively reduce the volume of silver zeolite filter 5, reduction is produced into
This；
Rupture disk 7 in the present invention can realize the automatic opening of the present invention, safe for operation, and reliability is high.
Overall structure of the present invention is simple, small volume, good economy performance, can more easily be arranged, installs, tie up
Repair.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of integrated dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus provided by the invention is mainly by central lumen
1st, metal fiber filter 2, interface section 3, expansion segment 4, silver zeolite filter 5, contraction section 6, rupture disk 7, outlet 8, pressure-bearing
Housing 9, entrance 10, end chambers 11, lime set delivery pipe 12, heat exchanger tube 13, metal fiber filter lyophoby pipe 14, reducing pressure by regulating flow
Orifice plate 15, uniform flow orifice 16 form.
Normal pressure nitrogen is initially filled in pressure-bearing shell 9.The exit of outlet 8 controls its Opening pressure by rupture disk 7.
Under differential pressure action, the mixed gas initial stage to be filtered of high temperature and pressure enters end chambers 11 by the entrance 10 at both ends, then by changing
Heat pipe 13 enters central lumen 1, and silver zeolite filter 5, metal fiber filter 2 are preheated by surface heat convection,
Water vapor condensation heat release wherein in mixed gas, lime set are discharged to outside pressure-bearing shell 9 by lime set delivery pipe 12.With to be filtered
Gas is continued into pressure-bearing shell 9, and pressure gradually rises in pressure-bearing shell 9, when the pressure in pressure-bearing shell 9 exceedes downstream tube
On road after the setting pressure (0.5MPa) of rupture disk 7, rupture disk 7 is opened, and warm-up operations terminate, filtering emission operating mode start into
OK.
Gas to be filtered initially enters metal fiber filter 2, is flowed out from the interface section 3 of both sides, metal fiber filter 2
By the way of pre-filter layer and smart filter layer two-stage series connection, a large amount of microns carried in mixed gas are removed by pre-filter layer
Level droplet and aerosol particle, the aerosol of particle diameter smaller is further removed by smart filter layer.Filtered impurities pass through gold
Belong to fabric filter lyophoby pipe 14 to discharge.
Dry saturated steam containing radioiodine is entered in silver zeolite filter 5 by interface section 3 and expansion segment 4.In interface section 3
Decompression restricting orifice 15 is provided with, makes the steam in mixed gas in an overheated state.Penetrated from what decompression restricting orifice 15 flowed out
Stream enters expansion segment 4, since flow area expands, reduced velocity flow.Secondary uniform flow orifice 16 is provided with expansion segment 4, makes fluid
Flow velocity is of substantially equal everywhere in into flow area during silver zeolite filter 5.Since flow area is compared in silver zeolite filter 5
4 area bigger of expansion segment, flow velocity further slow down, and the radioactive substance iodine in mixed gas comes into full contact with silver zeolite, passes through
Chemical reaction removes radioiodine.Clean gas enters contraction section 6 afterwards, is discharged finally by outlet 8.
Silver zeolite filter 5 uses the structure type of heat exchanger, and filter interior has the heat exchanger tube 13 of intersection, heat exchanger tube
Outside 13 silver zeolite is filled between 5 housing of silver zeolite filter.Can be continuously in flow process by filtering mixed gas
Silver zeolite is heated, so as to ensure that silver zeolite is all the time in the state of being heated, such side during whole service
Face can realize preheating, and it is low on the other hand also to alleviate the silver zeolite removal radioiodine efficiency caused by some vapor condenses
Problem.
The thickness of silver zeolite filtering layer is not less than 5cm in silver zeolite filter 5, and the space requirement based on equipment can be appropriate
Increase thickness of filter bed, increase the time of contact of radioactivity mixed gas and silver zeolite, improve filter efficiency.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that the protection domain of invention is not limited to such special statement and embodiment.It is every according to upper
State description and make various possible equivalent substitutions or change, be all considered to the scope of the claims for belonging to the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of integral type dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus, including central lumen (1), metal fiber filter (2), connect
Mouthful section (3), expansion segment (4), silver zeolite filter (5), contraction section (6), rupture disk (7), outlet (8), pressure-bearing shell (9),
Entrance (10), end chambers (11), lime set delivery pipe (12), heat exchanger tube (13), metal fiber filter lyophoby pipe (14), throttling
It is depressured orifice plate (15), uniform flow orifice (16)；It is characterized in that：Described pressure-bearing shell (9) internal structure is symmetrical, and entrance (10) exists
Pressure-bearing shell (9) both ends, metal fiber filter (2) is centrally arranged, and silver zeolite filter (5) is in pressure-bearing shell (9) both ends, silver
Installation heat exchanger tube (13) in zeolite filter 5；Between metal fiber filter (2), silver zeolite filter (5) with interface section (3),
Expansion segment (4) connects；Silver zeolite filter (5) outer wall welds together with pressure-bearing shell (9) inner wall, by pressure-bearing shell (9)
Part is divided into central lumen (1), end chambers (11)；Outlet (8) has rupture disk in end chambers (11), outlet on (8)
(7), outlet (8) is connected by contraction section (6) with silver zeolite filter (5)；Central lumen (1) bottom, end chambers (11)
Bottom sets lime set delivery pipe (12) respectively；Metal fiber filter (2) includes pre-filter layer and smart filter layer, pre-filter layer
It is connected with metal fiber filter lyophoby pipe (14)；Lime set delivery pipe (12) and metal fiber filter lyophoby pipe (14), which pass through, to be held
Pressure shell body (9) bottom.
A kind of 2. integral type dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Reducing pressure by regulating flow orifice plate (15) and uniform flow orifice (16) are set respectively in interface section (3), expansion segment (4).
A kind of 3. integral type dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Silver zeolite filter (5) removes radionuclide iodo- 131 by the chemical reaction of silver and iodine；Heat exchanger tube (13) is using intersection cloth
The structure put.
A kind of 4. integral type dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Heat exchanger tube (13) has small gradient.
A kind of 5. integral type dry type radioaerosol filtration apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
The thickness of silver zeolite filter (5) is not less than 5cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711272638.0A CN107945898B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Integrated dry-type radioactive aerosol filtering device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711272638.0A CN107945898B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Integrated dry-type radioactive aerosol filtering device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107945898A true CN107945898A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
| CN107945898B CN107945898B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
Family
ID=61944884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711272638.0A Active CN107945898B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Integrated dry-type radioactive aerosol filtering device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN107945898B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108801715A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-11-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of novel radioactive aerosol real-time sampling measuring device and its measurement method |
| CN113720659A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Gas sampling and filtering device for monitoring hydrogen concentration in containment vessel under severe accident of nuclear power plant |
| CN113952845A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-21 | 岭东核电有限公司 | Membrane filter material, preparation method thereof and application of membrane filter material in treating aerosol |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108801715A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-11-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of novel radioactive aerosol real-time sampling measuring device and its measurement method |
| CN108801715B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2024-05-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Measuring method of radioactive aerosol real-time sampling measuring device |
| CN113720659A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Gas sampling and filtering device for monitoring hydrogen concentration in containment vessel under severe accident of nuclear power plant |
| CN113952845A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-21 | 岭东核电有限公司 | Membrane filter material, preparation method thereof and application of membrane filter material in treating aerosol |
| CN113952845B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-07-15 | 岭东核电有限公司 | Membrane filter material, preparation method thereof and application of membrane filter material in treating aerosol |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107945898B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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