CN106126467A - Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus - Google Patents
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106126467A CN106126467A CN201610544401.2A CN201610544401A CN106126467A CN 106126467 A CN106126467 A CN 106126467A CN 201610544401 A CN201610544401 A CN 201610544401A CN 106126467 A CN106126467 A CN 106126467A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
- G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus
- G06F13/4286—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus using a handshaking protocol, e.g. RS232C link
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, the method realizes based on multichannel RS422 serial communication device and real time operating system VxWorks, and described method specifically includes: the standard api function of call operation system realizes and being in communication with each other of upper layer application；Local Bus bus is set；Multichannel RS422 driver is set；The RS422 conversion chip interrupting service trigger respective channel is used to carry out data communication.The present invention can realize the multiple serial communication task in real time embedded system easily, on the basis of reducing bus resource consumption, improves system development and debugging efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to real-time embedded communication technical field, particularly a kind of serial port communication method.
Background technology
Serial communication has long transmission distance, transmits the features such as stable, simple and practical, has been widely used in industry control
The fields such as system, data acquisition, network service.In these applications, some systems generally require and realize multiple serial communication
Realize the different demands such as different control and information gathering, such as, a certain road serial ports is used for gathering data, and other one
Road serial ports is for transmitting control commands etc..It addition, in communication equipment R&D process based on serial ports, it is often necessary to monitor communication
The data transmit-receive interaction scenario of both sides, particularly in military control system, accuracy and real-time for data transmit-receive have
Strict requirements, therefore embedded real time system is also needed to know the correct time of communicating pair transceiving data, often
Needs are accurate to millisecond even microsecond rank.
In current embedded system development, it is contemplated that the factor of each side such as cost, CPU itself provides for string
The support of port communications port, is usually the support supporting one to two road serial ports.Therefore, the application more than two-way serial ports is being needed
In, it is necessary to increase related communication chip within hardware and carry out extended serial port.Connected mode between CPU and extended chip has base
In the connected mode of GPIO and Based PC I or PCIe bus connecting mode；Wherein, reality is gone by connected mode based on GPIO
Existing connection between CPU with extended chip does not only exist software work amount very greatly, and to implement in distress in terms of real-time
Degree；Based PC I or PCIe bus connecting mode, then need to consume PCI or PCIe bus resource.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide a kind of multiple serial communication method, it is possible to realize in real time easily
Multiple serial communication task in embedded system, on the basis of reducing bus resource consumption, improves system development and debugging
Efficiency.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, the method is based on multichannel RS422 serial communication
Device and real time operating system VxWorks realize, and multichannel RS422 serial communication device includes CPU minimum system, UART core
Sheet, crystal oscillating circuit and N number of RS422 conversion chip, total by Local Bus between described UART chip and CPU minimum system
Line connects, and is connected by differential signal line between UART chip with RS422 conversion chip；Crystal oscillating circuit is connected with UART chip；
Described method specifically includes following steps:
The standard user interface layer api function of A.CPU minimum system call operation system defined is in communication with each other with upper layer application；
B., Local Bus bus between UART chip and CPU minimum system is set；
C., multichannel RS422 driver is set；
D. the RS422 conversion chip interrupting service trigger respective channel is used to carry out data communication.
Above-mentioned multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, the Local Bus bus packet in step B
Include control bus, address bus and data/address bus, control bus and include that LCS chip selection signal line, INT interrupt control line, ER/W reads
Write enable signal and RST reseting signal line.
Above-mentioned multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, step C specifically includes following steps:
C1. UART chip parameter is initialized；
C2., the middle connection breaking of each channel unit is set；
C3.RS422 driving function is registered；
C4. it is that each passage creates relevant device and associates with corresponding RS422 conversion chip in vxworks operating system.
Above-mentioned multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, the UART chip ginseng described in step C1
Number includes communication pattern, interrupt number, baud rate and crystal oscillator parameter.
Above-mentioned multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, the RS422 described in step C3 drives
Function includes Open, Close, Read, Write and Ioctrl function.
Above-mentioned multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, step C4 specifically includes following steps:
C41. different interrupt numbers is set for each passage；
C42. association interrupt number and interrupt function；
C43. call RS422 driving function to be registered in operating system；
C44. associate with corresponding RS422 conversion chip.
Above-mentioned multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, interrupts the concrete bag of service described in step D
Include following steps:
D1. obtain and cause the channel number i interrupted；
D2. i channel interrupt is closed；
D3. read the IIS status register of UART chip i passage, obtain the interrupt type in UART chip；
D4. corresponding data process is carried out according to interrupt type；
D5., after data have processed, i channel interrupt is opened.
Above-mentioned multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, step D4 includes herein below:
D41. judge that interrupt signal is the most abnormal, as interrupt signal is abnormal, carry out abnormality processing；As interrupt signal is normal, then enter
Row step D42；
The instruction of D42.CPU minimum system judges whether to receive effectively interruption, in this way, carries out data receiver；As no, then carry out step
D43；
D43. the instruction of CPU minimum system judges whether to send effectively interruption, in this way, carries out data transmission；As no, open i passage
Interrupt.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, the invention technological progress is as follows.
The present invention can realize the multiple serial communication task in real time embedded system easily, have be prone to extension,
The advantage that real-time, software development workload estimate is greatly decreased, it is possible to meet system multilayer time demand.It addition, the present invention's should
With, it is possible on the basis of reducing bus resource consumption, improve exploitation and the debugging efficiency of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall flow figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that multichannel RS422 of the present invention drives the flow chart arranged；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of interrupt service routine of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further elaborated.
A kind of multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, the method is based on multichannel RS422 serial ports
Communicator and real time operating system VxWorks realize.
Multichannel RS422 serial communication device in the present invention includes CPU minimum system, UART chip, crystal oscillating circuit and N
Individual RS422 conversion chip, is connected by Local Bus bus between UART chip with CPU minimum system, UART chip with
Connected by differential signal line between RS422 conversion chip；Crystal oscillating circuit is connected with UART chip.
CPU minimum system i.e. Local Bus controller, is used for controlling Local Bus bus；Preferred CS51 in the present embodiment
Single-chip microcomputer.UART chip completes the string of data transmit-receive and changes.RS422 conversion chip selects full-duplex high-speed RS422 communication
Interface conversion chip, is had output short circuit protection function and receives fail safe function, in being caused by long line by minimizing
Portion's signal disturbing increases distance and the speed of reliable communication.Crystal oscillating circuit for for UART chip provide data transmit time
Clock,
Local Bus bus is also referred to as cpu bus, according to the difference of high-low-position address line sequence, can be divided into again Motorola CPU
Bus and Intel cpu bus.Owing to Local Bus bus is directly to be branched away by bridge sheet from 60X bus, so it
It is to synchronize with frequency with 60X bus, carries out sharing bandwidth with 60X bus during Data Data read-write, it is not necessary to kernel provides extra
Process.
Local Bus bus includes that three parts control bus, address bus and data/address bus.
Controlling bus, including LCS chip selection signal line, INT interrupts control line, ER/W reads write enable signal and RST resets
Holding wire.LCS chip selection signal line is used for selecting corresponding UART chip；Owing to multichannel RS422 serial communication device is provided with N number of
RS-422 passage, then need the different LCS chip selection signal line of N bar to connect CPU minimum system and UART chip, the most each
The selection of the corresponding RS-422 passage of bar LCS chip selection signal line；Represent when the chip selection signal associating certain passage is low level
This passage is selected, i.e. CPU minimum system can be written and read operation to it.INT interrupt signal line is in UART chip
It is full or produce time other anomalous event produces that the reception data buffer of certain passage receives valid data or transmission buffer
Interrupt event, informs CPU minimum system, is then produced interrupt response by CPU minimum system；Owing to N number of RS-422 passage also needs
The interrupt signal line that N bar to be had is different, different interrupt signals represents that different UART chip passages produces interrupt event.ER/W
Read write enable signal, Low level effective, read write enable signal when being low level, represent and read or write operation, asynchronous carrying out
Under transmission mode, it coordinates with chip selection signal line reading or write data to sample.RST reseting signal line realizes UART chip
Reset.
Address bus is for selecting the depositor in UART chip.Owing to UART chip addressing space is the least, post for only 8
Storage address, therefore can use three address bus to connect CPU minimum system and UART chip, when certain passage chip selection signal
Become low level, after i.e. certain passage is chosen, realize the access of different depositors in this passage by LA0 ~ LA2, thus real
Existing RS-422 serial data transmitting-receiving or other work.
Data/address bus is for realizing the data transmission of CPU minimum system and UART chip, for bidirectional data transfers.According to
UART chip pattern, the data bit width of data/address bus have 8 or 16 point, according to data bit width number, data/address bus believe
Number line changes the most accordingly.When sending out data, the parallel data that CPU minimum system write UART chip sends in FIFO is turned
Change serial data into, and sent by RS422 conversion chip；When data is received, RS422 conversion chip is received
External serial data be converted into parallel data and be stored in the reception FIFO of UART chip, read for CPU.
The overall flow of multichannel RS422 serial port communication method is as it is shown in figure 1, specifically include following steps.
The standard user interface layer api function of A.CPU minimum system call operation system defined is mutual with upper layer application
Communication, provides service for upper layer application.
The communication means of the present invention realizes based on real time operating system VxWorks, thus with the form of character device to
The I/O layer registration read-write of vxworks operating system and control function.Its read-write registering upper layer application and control function are such as
Under: RS422Open:RS422 equipment opens function, corresponding Applied layer interface function open；RS422Close:RS422 equipment closes
Close function, corresponding Applied layer interface function close；RS422Read: RS422 equipment character function reading, corresponding application layer connects
Mouth function read；RS422Write:RS422 equipment character sends function, corresponding Applied layer interface function write；
RS422Ioctrl:RS422 equipment control function, corresponding Applied layer interface function ioctl function.
If write operation, when I/O layer calls write function write device, RS422Write function actively to call at the end
The correlation function of layer RS422 driver sends character data.If read operation, RS422Read function is then directly slow
Rush reading character in district；When relief area is empty, if obstruction mode needs to wait, if non-blocking fashion returns the most immediately
Return mistake；The filling of this relief area is to be carried out by interrupt mode, when bottom layer driving receives one by bottom RS422 driver
During individual character, produce and interrupt, then provide call back function to be write by character in relief area and read for upper layer application.
B., Local Bus bus between UART chip and CPU minimum system is set.
C., multichannel RS422 driver is set.
C1. UART chip parameter is initialized；UART chip parameter includes communication pattern, interrupt number, baud rate and crystal oscillator
Parameter.
C2., the middle connection breaking of each channel unit is set.
C3.RS422 driving function is registered；RS422 driving function includes Open, Close, Read, Write and Ioctrl letter
Number.
C4. in vxworks operating system be each passage create relevant device, and with corresponding RS422 conversion chip
Association.
The flow process of step C is as in figure 2 it is shown, specifically include following operation.
C41. different interrupt numbers is set for each passage.
C42. association interrupt number and interrupt function.
C43. call RS422 driving function to be registered in operating system.
C44. associate with corresponding RS422 conversion chip.
D. the RS422 conversion chip interrupting service trigger respective channel is used to carry out data communication.Mainly include to upper strata
Call back function registering functional is provided, such as, starts and send data function；Complete the communications setting of different passage, be mainly configured to
Space, location maps, and realizes the access to different passages by accessing different address interval；Control passage carry out character reception and send out
Send and the work of other hardware configuration.The present invention is spouted the reception of row data and transmission by interrupt mode, certainly may be used without poll
Mode carries out data receiver and transmission.
For realizing the registration of call back function, definition data structure is RS422DRV_FUNCS structure, institute in this structure
Having member is all function pointer, and the respective function that arranges of RS422 conversion chip completes corresponding function, and by these function addresses pair
RS422DRV_FUNCS structure initializes, and then notifies to UART chip.
Address space mappinD refers to the memory headroom accessing escape to CP U minimum system of Local Bus bus apparatus
In.Local Bus internal affairs address is only 32, so all choosings must fall within 4G window.When an internal memory
When affairs are assigned on LBC, internal affairs address just compares with the address information of each BANK, and corresponding chip is just with this
BANK associates, until affairs terminate.The depositor of corresponding each BANK mainly has two, and one is Base Register
(contracting claims BR), BR depositor comprises the base address corresponding to BANK and type；Another one is that Option Register(contracting claims
OR), the size of OR depositor principal set up BANK and access attribute.After Local Bus depositor is configured, just can
Sheet choosing and other operation of total built-in unit is realized hanging over by accessing specific address space.
Wherein, the interruption service procedure in step D is as it is shown on figure 3, specifically include following operation.
D1. obtain and cause the channel number i interrupted；
D2. i channel interrupt is closed；
D3. read the IIS status register of UART chip i passage, obtain the interrupt type in UART chip；
D4. corresponding data process is carried out according to interrupt type；
D41. judge that interrupt signal is the most abnormal, as interrupt signal is abnormal, carry out abnormality processing and recover interrupt status；As interrupted
Signal is normal, then carry out step D42；
D42. the instruction of CPU minimum system judges whether to receive effectively interruption, in this way, carries out data receiver, by UART chip FIFO
In data be read in system, then recall call back function and place data into during CPU minimum system caches accordingly；As
No, then carry out step D43；
D43. the instruction of CPU minimum system judges whether to send effectively interruption, in this way, carries out data and sends the transmission of UART chip
Depositor sends data；As no, open i channel interrupt.
D5. after data have processed, open i channel interrupt, continue waiting for next interrupt signal.
In application process of the present invention, only need to repeat step D, i.e. when there being read/write operation to ask, use and interrupt service
The RS422 conversion chip triggering respective channel carries out data communication.
Claims (8)
1. multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus, it is characterised in that
The method realizes based on multichannel RS422 serial communication device and real time operating system VxWorks, multichannel RS422 serial ports
Communicator includes CPU minimum system, UART chip, crystal oscillating circuit and N number of RS422 conversion chip, described UART chip with
Connected by Local Bus bus between CPU minimum system, between UART chip and RS422 conversion chip, pass through differential signal
Line connects；Crystal oscillating circuit is connected with UART chip, for providing the clock of data transmission for UART chip；
Described method specifically includes following steps:
The standard user interface layer api function of A.CPU minimum system call operation system defined is in communication with each other with upper layer application；
B., Local Bus bus between UART chip and CPU minimum system is set；
C., multichannel RS422 driver is set；
D. the RS422 conversion chip interrupting service trigger respective channel is used to carry out data communication.
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Local Bus bus in step B includes controlling bus, address bus and data/address bus, controls bus and includes LCS chip selection signal
Line, INT interrupt control line, ER/W reads write enable signal and RST reseting signal line.
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step C specifically includes following steps:
C1. UART chip parameter is initialized；
C2., the middle connection breaking of each channel unit is set；
C3.RS422 driving function is registered；
C4. it is that each passage creates relevant device and associates with corresponding RS422 conversion chip in vxworks operating system.
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
UART chip parameter described in step C1 includes communication pattern, interrupt number, baud rate and crystal oscillator parameter.
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
RS422 driving function described in step C3 includes Open, Close, Read, Write and Ioctrl function.
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Step C4 specifically includes following steps:
C41. different interrupt numbers is set for each passage；
C42. association interrupt number and interrupt function；
C43. call RS422 driving function to be registered in operating system；
C44. associate with corresponding RS422 conversion chip.
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Interrupt service described in step D and specifically include following steps:
D1. obtain and cause the channel number i interrupted；
D2. i channel interrupt is closed；
D3. read the IIS status register of UART chip i passage, obtain the interrupt type in UART chip；
D4. corresponding data process is carried out according to interrupt type；
D5., after data have processed, i channel interrupt is opened.
Multichannel RS422 serial port communication method based on Local Bus bus the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that
Step D4 includes herein below:
D41. judge that interrupt signal is the most abnormal, as interrupt signal is abnormal, carry out abnormality processing；As interrupt signal is normal, then enter
Row step D42；
D42. the instruction of CPU minimum system judges whether to receive effectively interruption, in this way, carries out data receiver；As no, then walk
Rapid D43；
D43. the instruction of CPU minimum system judges whether to send effectively interruption, in this way, carries out data transmission；As no, open i passage
Interrupt.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108733615A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-11-02 | 瑞昱半导体股份有限公司 | Apparatus and method for multiplexing processing multipath multimode data transmission |
| CN109766308A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-17 | 湖南泽天智航电子技术有限公司 | A kind of multichannel onewire communication system based on localbus bus |
| CN113468081A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-01 | 福建信息职业技术学院 | Serial port converter device and method based on ebi bus |
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| CN109766308A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-17 | 湖南泽天智航电子技术有限公司 | A kind of multichannel onewire communication system based on localbus bus |
| CN113468081A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-10-01 | 福建信息职业技术学院 | Serial port converter device and method based on ebi bus |
| CN113468081B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2024-05-28 | 福建信息职业技术学院 | Device and method for converting serial port into udp based on ebi bus |
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| CN106126467B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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