CN106121686A - Underground excavation tunnel water stop structure for protecting groundwater environment and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Underground excavation tunnel water stop structure for protecting groundwater environment and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106121686A CN106121686A CN201610429615.5A CN201610429615A CN106121686A CN 106121686 A CN106121686 A CN 106121686A CN 201610429615 A CN201610429615 A CN 201610429615A CN 106121686 A CN106121686 A CN 106121686A
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- frozen soil
- freezing
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- sealing layer
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
Abstract
The invention relates to the electrified railway technology, in particular to an underground excavation tunnel water stop structure for protecting an underground water environment and a construction method thereof. This stagnant water structure includes: the tunnel water-stopping device comprises a plurality of vertical frozen soil water-stopping layers and horizontal water-stopping layers surrounding the outer contour of the tunnel, wherein the vertical frozen soil water-stopping layers are sequentially distributed along the tunnel direction, and the horizontal water-stopping layers extend along the extending direction of the tunnel; the vertical frozen soil water stopping layer is intersected with the horizontal frozen soil water stopping layer, and the bottom of the vertical frozen soil water stopping layer is lower than the bottom of the horizontal frozen soil water stopping layer; and a tunnel lining structure is arranged between the horizontal frozen soil water stopping layer and the tunnel. According to the invention, the cup-shaped frozen soil water stopping layer is constructed by adopting the vertical frozen soil water stopping layer and the horizontal frozen soil water stopping layer, so that the groundwater environment is protected, and the groundwater quality is prevented from being polluted in the tunnel construction process. By adopting the freezing water-stopping structure, large-scale drainage construction is avoided, precious underground water resources are saved, and meanwhile, the sedimentation deformation of surrounding adjacent buildings and structures caused by drainage construction is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric railway technology, in particular to the bored tunnel for protecting groundwater environment only
Water-bound and construction method thereof.
Background technology
For the subway construction of region of FuShui, when subway tunnel uses shallow mining method, use sealing or drainage position
Subsoil water in the range of reason tunnel excavation is the element task before tunnel excavation.At present, China's subway tunnel sealing typically uses
Ejection for water plugging or rotary churning pile water stopping, both sealing modes are required in soil layer injecting cement grout, polluted underground water water
Matter, cement grout flows to wayward simultaneously, the seepage channel of easy blocking underground water, changes the percolation path of subsoil water.And
Using drainaging scheme, the groundwater resources valuable by waste, the level of ground water reduction that draining simultaneously causes easily causes periphery neighbouring
Build, the sedimentation and deformation of structures.
Along with urbanization progress and economic development, subway will become one of Main Means of solution urban transport problems.But
It is owing to geological conditions difference is relatively big, surface subsidence, karst collapse, wall rock destabilization etc. during subway construction, often can be caused all kinds of
The problems of geo-environment, also can cause all kinds of water environmental problems such as tunnel gushing water, water level decreasing, water pollution.
For avoiding all kinds of engineering problems caused in Metro Construction or reducing the subway engineering impact on surrounding enviroment,
Correlative protection governing measure and method have been carried out substantial amounts of research by Chinese scholars.AlbertWeiler (1983) is based on Germany and Italy
Will Duisburg Quaternary Strata condition, sums up subway construction method-space concretion method.Sun Yazhe (2003) is profound for Nanjing
Under Wu Hu, traffic tunnel construction may produce the problems of geo-environment such as water pollution, surface subsidence, surface collapse, tunnel gushing water, for
Reduce the impact on groundwater environment, it is proposed that limit cutting depth and protection natural sludge layer, use the material that bankets of good water permeability
Material, pollute little construction material, chemical grout, use freezing sealing construction scheme to avoid large area artificial rainmaking.Set a prairie fire in side
(2004) for the karst impact on Guangzhou Metro Construction, propose to use freezing method and High-Pressure Grouting Method to carry out karst water isolation,
Solution cavity is used grouting and structure treatment.Xing Wei river bend (2004) analyze Metro Construction may be on the impact of water quality, it is proposed that
Using in engineering construction and pollute little construction material and chemical grout, the change analyzing groundwater flow condition also can make
Engineering stability be deteriorated cause differential settlement, it is proposed that optimize each construction parameter of shield, and use corresponding engineering method as every
Disconnected, soil stabilization, structure trunk are reinforced and foundation underpinning etc. is to reduce the impact on surrounding.C.O.Aksoy(2008)
Analyze the surface subsidence problem that Turkey's Izmir subway station engineering dewatering causes, maintain country rock by chemical grouting means
Stability, effectively prevents surface subsidence and makes level of ground water recover to previous level.Li Guangtao (2009) is for ground, Guangzhou
Present in No. three line engineering constructions of ferrum, molten, soil cave unfavorable geological condition processes, and clearly proposes the rock of shield and open cut
Molten treatment measures.R.Galler (2009) proposes new Austria's method for tunnel construction (NATM) of a set of economic security, the party
Method was developed rapidly in recent years in Australia.Fu Zhifeng (2010) is for possible in No. 2 line engineering constructions of Wuhan subway
The quaternary formation that occurs, Karst Geological Landscape, the geotechnical engineering problems such as subsoil water, it is proposed that engineering dewatering design, diaphram wall,
The preventive measures such as slip casting closure waterproofing work.Long Yankui (2012) analyzes the karst impact on subway engineering, emphatically to karst
The influence factor of cave stability is explored, and proposes digging up and filling in, slip casing by pressure, the karst cave of works leap
Treatment measures.It is therefore seen that the treatment research focused on some the problems of geo-environment, and prevent for engineering should be carried out more
Protect and process that to take into account the research of the spring water water yield and water quality protection again the most rare.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of bored tunnel water sealing structure and construction thereof for protecting groundwater environment
Method, to solve in tunnel work progress Groundwater Pollution, the problem of protection groundwater resources.
Embodiments provide a kind of bored tunnel water sealing structure for protecting groundwater environment, comprising: edge
Multiple vertical frozen soil sealing layer that direction, tunnel is sequentially distributed, around the level of tunnel outline to sealing layer, described level to
Sealing layer extends with the bearing of trend in described tunnel；Described vertical frozen soil sealing layer intersects to frozen soil sealing layer with level, and institute
The bottom stating vertical frozen soil sealing layer is less than described level to the bottom of sealing layer；Described level to frozen soil sealing layer and tunnel it
Between tunnel lining structure is set, described level sprays thermal insulation concrete layer, described thermal insulation concrete layer bag on frozen soil sealing layer
Include: the latex powder of efficient accelerator, 0.5%～2% of air entrained concrete, 0.5%～2% and the fiber of 3%～7%.
In certain embodiments, being preferably, described tunnel lining structure includes: from level to frozen soil sealing layer the most successively
For: the thermal insulation concrete layer of injection, plastic draining flaggy, EVA splash guard add geotechnique layer of cloth, secondary moulded lining layer.
In certain embodiments, being preferably, the thickness of described vertical frozen soil sealing layer is 1.0 meters～3.0 meters；And/or, institute
Level of stating is 1.0 meters～3.0 meters to the thickness of frozen soil sealing layer.
In certain embodiments, being preferably, the distance of adjacent two vertical frozen soil sealing layers is 20～80 meters.
In certain embodiments, being preferably, between adjacent two described vertical frozen soil sealing layers, described level is stopped to frozen soil
Being provided with multiple freezing hole in water layer, all described freezing holes are along tunnel line radially.
In certain embodiments, being preferably, the boring of described freezing hole is 0.5～1.5 ° with the angle of tunnel centrage；
And/or, a diameter of 50～200 millimeters of described freezing hole；And/or the spacing of adjacent freezing hole is 500～1000 millimeters；And/or,
Distance between described freezing hole and the outer layer of tunnel lining structure is 200～800 millimeters.
In certain embodiments, being preferably, described level is average to frozen soil sealing layer and described vertical frozen soil sealing layer
Temperature not higher than-10 DEG C.
Present invention also offers the construction method of a kind of bored tunnel water sealing structure for protecting groundwater environment, its bag
Include:
Constructing tunnel is divided into multiple construction section；
Each construction section excavation starting point construction shaft is set；
By design orientation and angle excursion, adopt and carry out creeping into of freezing hole and thermometer hole in a like fashion；Wherein freezing
Knot hole under enter freezing pipe, in described freezing pipe under enter feed pipe；
Refrigeration system is freezed in installation, will freeze refrigeration system and be connected with thermometer hole, feed pipe respectively；
Carry out freeze operation, build vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to frozen soil sealing layer；
When vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to frozen soil sealing layer thickness and after intensity reaches preset requirement, freeze to execute
Work enters after safeguarding freezing period, carries out tunnel excavation by arc leading pit partial excavation method or benching tunnelling method；
Build tunnel lining structure.
In certain embodiments, being preferably, creeping into of described freezing hole includes:
Determine freezing pipe, relief tube, the specification of feed pipe, equipment of drilling；
Building drilling machine platform, described drilling machine platform arranges layering and adds a high position；
Freezing hole perforate, the boring mounting hole pipe of each freezing hole；
Fix rig by freezing hole design orientation, put into freezing pipe with creeping into, to seal head after projected depth under freezing pipe
Portion, seals the gap of freezing pipe and orifice tube；Freezing pipe and freezing hole concentricity, freezing hole leak test pressure is 0.7～1.0MPa；
Enter feed pipe, feed pipe bottom welding support under in freezing pipe, and outlet and loop Cornu Caprae seu Ovis are installed, and freeze
Pipe end-cap.
In certain embodiments, preferably, freeze in refrigeration system, in outlet saline line, loop saline line described in
It is respectively mounted Pressure gauge, temperature sensor, control valve；And/or, effusion meter is installed in Brine Pipe outlet；And/or, brine distributing ring with freeze
Two valves of control freezing phase brine flow are installed between knot device；And/or, the eminence of saline line installs vent valve；With/
Or, refrigerant agent uses calcium chloride solution, and proportion is 1.265.
In certain embodiments, it is preferably, sets gradually polystyrene foam plastics heat-insulation layer outside described saline line, mould
Material thin film.
In certain embodiments, it is preferably, freezes refrigeration system and also include freezing unit, the vaporizer of described freezing unit
And cryogenic pipe flex foam is incubated, brine tank and salt water conduit tube polystyrol plastic foam plate are incubated.
In certain embodiments, being preferably, described freeze operation includes:
In the case of regulating pressure, temperature at any time, refrigeration system is freezed in operating；
In freezing process, timing detection brine temp, brine flow and frozen soil sealing layer spread scenarios；
Determine that level has formed loop connecting structure to frozen soil sealing layer, and reach preset thickness；
Determine that level is upper without freezing water on 2 meters in non-frozen soil inside frozen soil sealing layer；
After being excavated in soil layer, determine that level reaches preset requirement to thickness, surface temperature and the deformation of frozen soil sealing layer；
Freezing period, is safeguarded in entrance；Safeguarding freezing period, if frozen soil sealing layer expansion rate exceedes preset value, frozen soil sealing layer
Bearing capacity, stability surpass pre-value, then in the case of brine temp is not higher than-20 DEG C, improve brine temp.
Bored tunnel water sealing structure and the construction method for protecting groundwater environment that the embodiment of the present invention provides, with existing
There is technology to compare, use vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to the frozen soil sealing layer of frozen soil sealing layer building cup-shaped, protect subsoil water
Environment, it is to avoid polluted underground water water quality during constructing tunnel.Water sealing structure is freezed, it is to avoid draining on a large scale is executed by employing
Work, has saved the groundwater resources of preciousness, avoids that periphery that drainage construction causes neighbouring is built, the sedimentation of structures becomes simultaneously
Shape.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for protecting the general layout of the bored tunnel water sealing structure of groundwater environment in one embodiment of the invention
Profilograph；
Fig. 2 is the drawing in side sectional elevation of tunnel water sealing structure in Fig. 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is water sealing structure detail structure profilograph in tunnel in Fig. 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram freezing refrigeration system in one embodiment of the invention in tunnel water sealing structure.
Note: 1 vertical shaft；2 tunnel lining structures；3 levels are to frozen soil sealing layer；4 tunnels；5 vertical frozen soil sealing layers；6 freeze
Pipe；7 cooling towers；8 clarified water pumps；9 freezing units；10 starting cabinets；11 brine tanks；12 brine pumps；13 freezing pipes.
Detailed description of the invention
Combine accompanying drawing below by specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Being Source of life in view of water, be also the precious resources depended on for existence and development of city, China has more than half
City exists and lacks problem, and therefore, the groundwater resources how protecting preciousness during metro construction are engineerings
This city well-known with spring water of the key technical problem that personnel intend to solve, such as Jinan, the water quality of protection spring water and the water yield,
Matter of utmost importance in subway construction especially.What the present invention intended to solve technical problem is that in region of FuShui subway tunnel process of construction such as
What protects subsoil water, realizes the most efficiently excavating of subway tunnel in the case of not precipitation.Therefore solution is clearly required
Technical problem be:
(1) pollution problem to quality of groundwater during constructing metro tunnel is solved；
(2) solve the protection to subsoil water water resource during constructing metro tunnel, avoid reducing groundwater level, avoid
Change seepage action of ground water path, protect spring water.
The bored tunnel water sealing structure for protecting groundwater environment is provided for this, comprising: along direction, tunnel successively
The multiple vertical frozen soil sealing layer of distribution, around the level of tunnel outline to sealing layer, described level to sealing layer with described
The bearing of trend in tunnel extends；Described vertical frozen soil sealing layer intersects to frozen soil sealing layer with level, and described vertical frozen soil is only
The bottom of water layer is less than described level to the bottom of sealing layer；Described level is to arranging tunnel lining between frozen soil sealing layer and tunnel
Building structure, described level sprays thermal insulation concrete layer on frozen soil sealing layer, and described thermal insulation concrete layer includes: aerating coagulation
The latex powder of efficient accelerator, 0.5%～2% of soil, 0.5%～2% and the fiber of 3%～7%.
Its construction method includes:
Constructing tunnel is divided into multiple construction section；
Each construction section excavation starting point construction shaft is set；
By design orientation and angle excursion, adopt and carry out creeping into of freezing hole and thermometer hole in a like fashion；Wherein freezing
Knot hole under enter freezing pipe, in freezing pipe under enter feed pipe；
Refrigeration system is freezed in installation, will freeze refrigeration system and be connected with thermometer hole, feed pipe respectively；
Carry out freeze operation, build vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to frozen soil sealing layer；
When vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to frozen soil sealing layer thickness and after intensity reaches preset requirement, freeze to execute
Work enters after safeguarding freezing period, carries out tunnel excavation by arc leading pit partial excavation method or benching tunnelling method；
Build tunnel lining structure.
Use vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to the frozen soil sealing layer of frozen soil sealing layer building cup-shaped, water ring under protecting field
Border, it is to avoid polluted underground water water quality during constructing tunnel.Water sealing structure is freezed, it is to avoid draining on a large scale is executed by employing
Work, has saved the groundwater resources of preciousness, avoids that periphery that drainage construction causes neighbouring is built, the sedimentation of structures becomes simultaneously
Shape.
It follows that this technology is described in detail:
A kind of for protecting the bored tunnel water sealing structure of groundwater environment, as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, comprising: along tunnel 4
Multiple vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5 that direction is sequentially distributed, around the level of tunnel 4 outline to sealing layer, level is to sealing layer
Extend with the bearing of trend in tunnel 4；Vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5 collectively forms a cup-shaped sealing with level to frozen soil sealing layer 3
Structure.Vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5 intersects to frozen soil sealing layer 3 with level, and the bottom of vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5 be less than level to
The bottom of sealing layer, the degree of depth of i.e. vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5 should be greater than the degree of depth of horizontal frozen soil sealing layer at tunnel 4 base plate.Perpendicular
It is connected to frozen soil sealing layer 3 with level to frozen soil sealing layer 5, forms the water sealing structure closed, prevent tunnel 4 from excavating beyond region
Subsoil water enter inside water sealing structure.The effectively mean temperature of frozen soil sealing layer not higher than-10 DEG C, frozen soil sealing layer during excavation
Surface temperature is less than-3 DEG C.
The thickness of vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5 is intended to be 1.0m～3.0m scope, and the width of vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5 need to be according to tunnel
Span and tunnel 4 level in road 4 determine to freezing width.
Level is laid along tunnel 4 contour line to frozen soil sealing layer 3, forms the hoop frozen soil sealing collar closed, and level is to freezing
The thickness of soil sealing layer 3, according to parameter determinations such as tunnel 4 buried depth, water pressure, ground loads, need to meet wanting of surrounding rock stability
Asking, its thickness is intended to be 1.0m～3.0m scope.Level determines according to freeze section length to the length of frozen soil sealing layer 3, is intended to be 20
～80m.
The construction of vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5: excavate starting point in tunnel 4 and construction shaft 1 is set, typically may utilize subway
Stand foundation ditch as construction shaft 1；Along tunnel 4 line alignment, tunnel 4 being divided into some freeze sections, each freeze section length is about
20～80m, vertical frozen soil sealing layer 5 is set at freeze section segmentation.
Level is to the construction of frozen soil sealing layer 3: at expansion tunnel 4, each freeze section junction section, forms working pit,
Setting freezing hole along tunnel 4 contour line in working pit, freezing hole diameter intends selecting 50mm～200mm, freezing hole spacing 500～
1000mm, freezing hole is intended to be 200～800mm with the clear spacing of tunnel 4 supporting construction outline.Freezing hole along tunnel 4 circuit in
Radial creeping into, freezing hole boring is intended to be 0.5～1.5 ° with the angle of tunnel 4 centrage.In freezing hole, lower freezing pipe 6, freezes
Lower tube for transfusion in pipe.
In order to reduce energy resource consumption, improving the heat insulation effect of refrigeration system, level is between frozen soil sealing layer 3 and tunnel 4
Tunnel lining structure 2 is set.Tunnel lining structure 2 includes: be inwardly followed successively by frozen soil sealing layer 3 from level: the insulation of injection
Concrete layer, plastic draining flaggy, EVA splash guard add geotechnique layer of cloth, secondary moulded lining layer.After tunnel 4 excavation, spray in time
One layer of heat preservation concrete, jet thickness is intended to be 10～30cm.Thermal insulation concrete is also called air entrained concrete, foam concrete, sends out
Bubble concrete, belongs to the category of heat preserving and insulating material, can stop or reduce and extraneous generation heat exchange, reduce the tool that heat dissipates
There is the special concrete of certain Physical and mechanical properties.
Thermal insulation concrete uses the construction of wet shot method, in order to reduce the mobility of foam concrete, improves viscosity and attachment
Power, increase in foam concrete 0.5%～2% (BASF) efficiently accelerator, 0.5%～(ternary) latex powder of 2% and
The fiber of 3%～7%.
Provide below the construction method of above-mentioned bored tunnel water sealing structure, specifically include:
Step 101, is divided into multiple construction section by constructing tunnel；
Step 102, each construction section excavation starting point construction shaft is set；
Step 103, freezing pipe creeps into work；
Part I: freezing pipe, temperature tube, relief tube and feed pipe specification
Freezing pipe can be selected for ф 108 × 8mm low-carbon (LC) seamless steel pipe, and single pipe length is 1.5～2m, uses threaded
And craft repair welding, temperature tube and the same freezing pipe of hydrology pipe tubing.Feed pipe ф 62 × 6mm can be selected for enhanced polyethylene plastic tube or
15# steel pipe.
Part II: lectotype selection of drilling
Can be selected for 2, MKG-5S type rig.Can be selected for 2, BW-250/50 slush pump, flow is 250l/min.Rig and
Slush pump general power is 41kw.
Freezing hole can be used to creep into special combination drilling tool pipe-following drilling.Drillhole inclination survey can use special TY-1 type high accuracy
Horizontal drilling gyrolevel, boring superficial part theodolite Inclination Measurement by Light is calibrated.
Part III: freezing hole prescription
According to construction reference point, arrange freezing hole by freezing hole construction figure.Position, hole deviation not should be greater than 100mm.Freezing hole
Aperture can be selected for 110mm.Freezing hole drilling depth error is-0.2～+0.3m.Hole deviation controls within 0.8 ‰.
Part IV: drilling machine platform is built
Drilling machine platform uses full hall scaffold pipe to build, and scaffold tube interplanar spacing is 0.6m × 0.6m.Platform completely spreads
60mm thickness deal board, borer chassis underlay 200mm × 200mm lumps of wood.According to freezing hole position, drilling machine platform is increased in layering.
Step 104: by design orientation and angle excursion, adopts and carries out creeping into of freezing hole and thermometer hole in a like fashion；
Enter freezing pipe under wherein in freezing hole, in freezing pipe under enter feed pipe；
This step specifically includes:
Step 104-1, freezing hole perforate
Freezing hole can use Φ 160mm diamond core drill perforate.Each boring mounting hole pipe, orifice tube can use ф 159
× 8mm seamless steel pipe is processed.When creeping into, orifice tube mounting hole sealing device.
Step 104-2, freezing hole creeps into be installed with frigo
1. by the freezing hole fixing rig of design orientation requirement.Freezing pipe is put into creeping into.To after projected depth under freezing pipe
Seal header joints.
2. in order to ensure borehole accuracy, it is crucial that perforate section is crept into.When creeping into front 10～20m, to repeatedly check drilling rod side
To, adjust rig position, and can continue to creep into after theodolite or gyroscope detection deflection no problem.
3. under freezing pipe in hand-hole before want first pipe arrangement, it is ensured that freezing pipe concentricity.Under after good freezing pipe, carry out with inclinometer
Deviational survey, then the repetition measurement freezing hole degree of depth.Freezing pipe length and the qualified rear sealing freezing pipe head of deflection, and carry out suppressing leak test.
Freezing hole leak test Stress control, between 0.7～1.0MPa, stablizes 30 minutes unchanged persons of pressure qualified for pressure testing.
4., after freezing pipe installs, the gap of freezing pipe and orifice tube is sealed with loss circulation material.
5. feed pipe is entered under in freezing pipe.Feed pipe pipe collar connects, the support that feed pipe bottom welding 0.2m is high.So
Rear installation is gone, loop Cornu Caprae seu Ovis and freezing pipe end cap.
Thermometer hole construction method is identical with freezing pipe.
Step 105, install freeze refrigeration system, will freeze refrigeration system respectively with freezing pipe 13, thermometer hole, feed pipe phase
Even；
The installation diagram freezing refrigeration system is referred to accompanying drawing 4.Installation steps specifically include:
Step 105-1, freezes refrigeration plant type selecting and circuit design
1. can be selected for YSKF600 type freezing unit, 1 set, YSKF300 type freezing unit, each 2 sets (wherein 1 set is standby).When
Brine temp is at-30 DEG C, and when cooling water temperature is 28 DEG C, the refrigerating capacity of Freezing Station is about 240000kcal/h, freezing unit 9 electricity
Machine general power is 305kw.
2. can be selected for 8Sh-13 (A) salt water circulating pump 2 (wherein 1 standby), flow 270m3/h, lift 36m, motor
Power 45kw；Select IS200-150-250 cooling water circulating pump 1, flow 400m3/h, lift 20m, motor general power
37kw；.
3. can be selected for DBN3-200 type cooling tower 7,2, motor general power 11kw.
4. brine tank 11 1, volume 6m3 are set.
5. salt water conduit tube and collection liquid distribution pipe all select ф 219 × 8mm seamless steel pipe, a length of 380m of salt water conduit tube.Collect, join
Liquid pipe is connected selection 1.5 " high-pressure rubber pipe with Cornu Caprae seu Ovis.
6. cooling water pipe is with 5, and " thermometeies installed on fridge water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe by welded tube.
7. going, Pressure gauge, temperature sensor and control valve are installed in the saline line of loop.Install in Brine Pipe outlet
Effusion meter.
8. two, valve is installed between brine distributing ring and frigo, in order to control freezing device brine flow.
9. the eminence in saline line installs vent valve.
10. saline and pressure respectively 0.7MPa and 0.3MPa of clear water pipeline.
The cooling water amount of the most each Freezing Station is 30m3/h, maximum total electricity consumption about 398kw.
Other: refrigerator oil select N40 refrigerator oil.R22 cold-producing medium selected by cold-producing medium.Refrigerant agent uses calcium chloride molten
Liquid is as freeze cycle saline.Saline proportion is 1.265.
Step 105-2, Freezing Station Housing, Furniture, Furnishing And Equipment is installed
Station equipment mainly includes power distribution cabinet (i.e. starting cabinet 10), freezing unit 9, brine tank 11, brine pump 12, clarified water pump
8, cooling tower 7 and clear water reserviors etc..Equipment is installed and is carried out by the requirement of equipment operating manual.
At water pump import and export, salt water conduit tube two ends, control valve is installed between collection brine distributing ring and frigo.Enter at condenser
Point for measuring temperature is installed in outlet；Going to salt water conduit tube two ends, loop, temperature and pressure measuring point is installed；Install in the outlet of loop salt water conduit tube
Electromagnetic flowmeter；Between each frigo and collection brine distributing ring, flow measurement loop is installed；At brine tank, liquid level instruction report is installed
Alert device.
In certain embodiments, Freezing Station assembled prefabricated house, clear height 3.5 meters, baffle, clear water reserviors are laid in wall and roof
With brick masonry, cement plaster, pond is high 0.7 meter.
Step 105-3, pipeline connects, insulation is installed with test instrumentation
Saline and cooling water pipeline are direct the most on the ground with pipe support, Flange joint.Go, loop salt water conduit tube pipe support is consolidated
It is scheduled on the active well borehole wall.Thermometer, Pressure gauge and effusion meter are installed and are carried out by design.Saline line is used after leak test, cleaning
Polystyrene foam plastics is incubated, and insulation layer thickness is 50mm, and the outside plastic sheeting of heat-insulation layer is wrapped up.
The vaporizer of freezing unit and cryogenic pipe flex foam insulation thick for 50mm, brine tank and salt water conduit tube
With polystyrol plastic foam plate insulation thick for 50mm.
Step 105-4, dissolves calcium chloride and unit fills fluorine and refuels
First injecting the clear water of about 1/4 in brine tank, then turn on pump circulates and is gradually added solid calcium chloride, until saline
Concentration reaches to design requirement.Impurity to be removed when dissolving calcium chloride.Saline in brine tank can not fill the fullest, in order to avoid higher than salt
Brine tank is overflowed when the freezing pipe saline of tank port refluxes.
Unit fills fluorine and fridge refuels and carries out according to the requirement of equipment operating manual.First the inspection of refrigeration system is carried out
Leakage and nitrogen rinse, and after guaranteeing system ne-leakage, then fill fluorine oiling.
Step 106, carries out freeze operation, builds vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to frozen soil sealing layer；
This step includes:
Step 106-1, freezing system test running with actively freeze
Equipment carries out debugging and test running after installing.When test running, each state such as pressure, temperature to be regulated at any time
Parameter, makes unit run under the conditions of the technical parameter required about technological procedure and design.In freezing process, timing detection
Brine temp, brine flow and frozen soil sealing layer spread scenarios,
Adjust freezing system operational factor if desired.Freezing system enters after working well and actively freezes.In requiring one week
Brine temp is down to less than-20 DEG C.
Step 106-2, examination is dug and is freezed with maintenance
Determine that frozen soil sealing layer has handed over circle according to the observation of hydrology hole, and judge that frozen soil sealing layer reaches according to observed temperature
After design thickness, then squeeze into inside frozen soil sealing layer more than 2m in non-frozen soil with core drill, confirm in frozen soil sealing layer without dynamic water.
It is then possible to subregion opens the active well borehole wall.After being excavated in soil layer, thickness, surface temperature and the change of actual measurement frozen soil sealing layer
Shape, as reached to design requirement, then can enter normal construction, otherwise should stop driving, strengthen freezing, and analyze reason, take
Corresponding measure.
Tunnel enters after formally tunneling and safeguards freezing period.In principle, brine temp and saline are freezed in the maintenance during driving
Flow with actively freeze identical, as in construction according to site-test analysis, really prove that frozen soil sealing layer expansion rate is wanted than anticipated
Hurry up, frozen soil sealing layer has enough bearing capacities and stability, has met design requirement, can properly increase brine temp, but
High not above-20 DEG C.After starting to do liner, in the case of guaranteeing outer lining safety, brine temp can be improved, even shift to an earlier date
Stopping is freezed.
Step 107, when vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to frozen soil sealing layer thickness and intensity reach preset requirement
After, frozen construction enters after safeguarding freezing period, carries out tunnel excavation by arc leading pit partial excavation method or benching tunnelling method；
When frozen soil layer effective thickness and intensity reach requirement, frozen construction enters to be safeguarded after freezing period by arc leading pit branch
Excavating load or benching tunnelling method are constructed, and during excavation, first select the soil layer that hand excavation does not freezes, recycling pneumatic pick driving to freeze
Soil.Note: freezing curtain exposure temperature must not be higher than-5 DEG C, and open-assembly time controls in 24h
Step 108, builds tunnel lining structure.
This step specifically includes:
Step 108-1, sprays thermal insulation concrete
Spraying one layer of heat preservation concrete after tunnel excavation in time, jet thickness is intended to be 10～30cm.Thermal insulation concrete uses
Wet shot method is constructed, and in order to reduce the mobility of foam concrete, improves viscosity and adhesive force, increases in foam concrete
The efficient accelerator of BASF, 0.5%～2% of 0.5%～2% ternary latex powder and the fiber of 3%～7%.
Step 108-2, pours Tunnel Second Lining
Tunnel Second Lining should ensure that lining thickness and lapped length of steel bar.Strictly control to measure, prevent tunnel to owe to dig, steel
During muscle colligation, special messenger is responsible for, and hoop, the longitudinal reinforcement lap of splice are respectively 35～25 times of bar diameter.
For ensureing that strength of lining is not less than the requirement of C30, concrete mix proportion experiment should be made before construction, determined by test
Optimum mix, and be strictly controlled by, make up to design requirement.
Lining cutting uses the construction of homemade Simple steel formwork jumbo, and during formwork erection, strict Control architecture overall dimensions can not invade lining
Build inner outline, and outwards less than 50mm, be responsible for footman's survey crew, and stifled good bulkhead, to ensure outside form joint
Not spillage liquid.
For accelerating concrete hardening and preventing local freezing, add the J851 of cement weight 2.5%～4% in concrete early
Strong antifreeze water reducer and the MRT early strength antifreezing agent of cement weight 3%～4%, both materials have improve concrete and easily
Property and density, the anti-permeability performance of Concrete Structure and freexing tolerance, and construction time strengthen concrete vibrating, stop honeycomb fiber crops
Face.
Tunnel Second Lining should strengthen the seriality of concrete construction, strengthens concrete curing, to prevent frozen soil to mixed
Solidifying soil has freeze injury.
The invention have the advantages that
(1) protection groundwater environment, it is to avoid polluted underground water water quality during constructing tunnel.
(2) freeze water sealing structure by employing, it is to avoid drainage construction on a large scale, save the groundwater resources of preciousness,
Avoid simultaneously periphery that drainage construction causes neighbouring build, the sedimentation and deformation of structures.
(3) by arranging thermal insulation concrete between Tunnel Second Lining and frozen soil sealing layer, improve frozen soil sealing layer
Heat-insulating property, slow down frozen soil sealing layer with in tunnel heat transmit, considerably reduce and freeze expense.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. the bored tunnel water sealing structure being used for protecting groundwater environment, it is characterised in that including: along direction, tunnel successively
The multiple vertical frozen soil sealing layer of distribution, around the level of tunnel outline to sealing layer, described level to sealing layer with described
The bearing of trend in tunnel extends；Described vertical frozen soil sealing layer intersects to frozen soil sealing layer with level, and described vertical frozen soil is only
The bottom of water layer is less than described level to the bottom of sealing layer；Described level is to arranging tunnel lining between frozen soil sealing layer and tunnel
Building structure, described level sprays thermal insulation concrete layer on frozen soil sealing layer, and described thermal insulation concrete layer includes: aerating coagulation
The latex powder of efficient accelerator, 0.5%～2% of soil, 0.5%～2% and the fiber of 3%～7%.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for protecting the bored tunnel water sealing structure of groundwater environment, it is characterised in that described tunnel
Road liner structure includes: be inwardly followed successively by frozen soil sealing layer from level: the thermal insulation concrete layer of injection, plastic draining flaggy,
EVA splash guard adds geotechnique layer of cloth, secondary moulded lining layer.
3. as claimed in claim 1 for protecting the bored tunnel water sealing structure of groundwater environment, it is characterised in that described perpendicular
Thickness to frozen soil sealing layer is 1.0 meters～3.0 meters；And/or, described level is 1.0 meters～3.0 to the thickness of frozen soil sealing layer
Rice.
4. as claimed in claim 1 for protecting the bored tunnel water sealing structure of groundwater environment, it is characterised in that adjacent two
The distance of individual vertical frozen soil sealing layer is 20～80 meters.
5. the bored tunnel water sealing structure for protecting groundwater environment as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, its feature exists
In, between adjacent two described vertical frozen soil sealing layers, described level is provided with multiple freezing hole, all institutes in frozen soil sealing layer
State freezing hole along tunnel line radially.
6. as claimed in claim 5 for protecting the bored tunnel water sealing structure of groundwater environment, it is characterised in that described in freeze
The boring in knot hole is 0.5～1.5 ° with the angle of tunnel centrage；And/or, a diameter of 50～200 millimeters of described freezing hole；With/
Or the spacing of adjacent freezing hole is 500～1000 millimeters；And/or, between described freezing hole and the outer layer of tunnel lining structure
Distance is 200～800 millimeters.
7. the bored tunnel water sealing structure for protecting groundwater environment as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, its feature exists
In, described level is to the mean temperature of frozen soil sealing layer and described vertical frozen soil sealing layer not higher than-10 DEG C.
8. the construction method being used for protecting the bored tunnel water sealing structure of groundwater environment, it is characterised in that including:
Constructing tunnel is divided into multiple construction section；
Each construction section excavation starting point construction shaft is set；
By design orientation and angle excursion, adopt and carry out creeping into of freezing hole and thermometer hole in a like fashion；Wherein at freezing hole
Enter freezing pipe under in, in described freezing pipe under enter feed pipe；
Refrigeration system is freezed in installation, will freeze refrigeration system and be connected with thermometer hole, feed pipe respectively；
Carry out freeze operation, build vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to frozen soil sealing layer；
When vertical frozen soil sealing layer, level to frozen soil sealing layer thickness and after intensity reaches preset requirement, frozen construction enters
Enter after safeguarding freezing period, carry out tunnel excavation by arc leading pit partial excavation method or benching tunnelling method；
Build tunnel lining structure.
9. construction method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that creeping into of described freezing hole includes:
Determine freezing pipe, relief tube, the specification of feed pipe, equipment of drilling；
Building drilling machine platform, described drilling machine platform arranges layering and adds a high position；
Freezing hole perforate, the boring mounting hole pipe of each freezing hole；
Fix rig by freezing hole design orientation, put into freezing pipe with creeping into, to seal header joints after projected depth under freezing pipe, close
Envelope freezing pipe and the gap of orifice tube；Freezing pipe and freezing hole concentricity, freezing hole leak test pressure is 0.7～1.0MPa；
Enter feed pipe, feed pipe bottom welding support under in freezing pipe, and outlet and loop Cornu Caprae seu Ovis are installed, and freeze pipe end
Lid.
10. construction method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described in freeze in refrigeration system, outlet saline line,
Pressure gauge, temperature sensor, control valve it is respectively mounted in the saline line of loop；And/or, effusion meter is installed in Brine Pipe outlet；With/
Or, two valves of control freezing phase brine flow are installed between brine distributing ring and frigo；And/or, the eminence peace of saline line
Put air valve；And/or, refrigerant agent uses calcium chloride solution, and proportion is 1.265.
11. construction methods as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that set gradually polystyrene bubble outside described saline line
Foam plastic, thermal-insulation layer, plastic sheeting.
12. construction methods as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that freeze refrigeration system and also include freezing unit, described
Vaporizer and the cryogenic pipe flex foam of freezing unit are incubated, and brine tank and salt water conduit tube polystyrene foam are moulded
Flitch is incubated.
13. construction methods as described in any one of claim 8-12, it is characterised in that described freeze operation includes:
In the case of regulating pressure, temperature at any time, refrigeration system is freezed in operating；
In freezing process, timing detection brine temp, brine flow and frozen soil sealing layer spread scenarios；
Determine that level has formed loop connecting structure to frozen soil sealing layer, and reach preset thickness；
Determine that level is upper without freezing water on 2 meters in non-frozen soil inside frozen soil sealing layer；
After being excavated in soil layer, determine that level reaches preset requirement to thickness, surface temperature and the deformation of frozen soil sealing layer；
Freezing period, is safeguarded in entrance；Safeguarding freezing period, if frozen soil sealing layer expansion rate exceedes preset value, holding of frozen soil sealing layer
Load power, stability surpass pre-value, then, in the case of brine temp is not higher than-20 DEG C, improve brine temp.
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| CN108397202A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-14 | 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Freeze the leading excavation method of base tunnel in multi-step under advance support |
| CN110132211A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-16 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The interlayer spacings monitoring method and system of double linings |
| CN114320219A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-12 | 重庆交通大学 | Karst borehole fracture water rapid plugging device and method |
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| CN106121686B (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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