CN106114324A - 汽车可清洁地毯 - Google Patents

汽车可清洁地毯 Download PDF

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CN106114324A
CN106114324A CN201610287335.5A CN201610287335A CN106114324A CN 106114324 A CN106114324 A CN 106114324A CN 201610287335 A CN201610287335 A CN 201610287335A CN 106114324 A CN106114324 A CN 106114324A
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doughnut
substrate
velvet
fiber
net
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D·博代
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Adler Pelzer France Grand Est SAS
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Faurecia Automotive Industrie SAS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N3/00Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
    • B60N3/04Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00Other non-woven fabrics
    • D04H13/001Making non-woven fabrics from staple fibres, filaments or yarns, bonded to at least one web-like material, e.g. woven, knitted non-woven fabric, paper, leather, during consolidation
    • D04H13/003Making non-woven fabrics from staple fibres, filaments or yarns, bonded to at least one web-like material, e.g. woven, knitted non-woven fabric, paper, leather, during consolidation strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods
    • D04H13/005Making non-woven fabrics from staple fibres, filaments or yarns, bonded to at least one web-like material, e.g. woven, knitted non-woven fabric, paper, leather, during consolidation strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods by needling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N3/00Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
    • B60N3/04Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
    • B60N3/042Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets of carpets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N3/00Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
    • B60N3/04Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
    • B60N3/048Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets characterised by their structure
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D04H1/44Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/485Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
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    • D04H1/544Olefin series
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    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
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    • D04H11/00Non-woven pile fabrics
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    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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    • D10B2403/00Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
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    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
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  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及机动车辆的一件内部装置,其包含针刺纤维(14,16)的非织造网(12),所述针刺纤维的非织造网形成了丝绒面层(18)和基底(20)。所述网的纤维(14,16)包含至少50质量%和优选至少75质量%的中空纤维(14);和所述网的丝绒密度大于或者等于0.04g/cm3和优选包含0.04g/cm3‑0.06g/cm3。这些特征导致来自于其的固体废物容易清洁的丝绒,同时限制了生产成本。

Description

汽车可清洁地毯
本发明涉及机动车辆的一件内部装置,其是包括针刺纤维的非织造网的类型,所述针刺纤维的非织造网形成了丝绒面层和基底(sole)。
作为地面覆料用于汽车的地毯基本上是“flat needled fabrics”或者针刺地毯的针刺地毯。
这些地毯属于非织造物种类。它们优于织造的传统覆料,因为它们是可变形的,并且可以匹配车辆地面的形状。
针刺地毯也称作“丝绒针刺地毯(velvet needled carpets)”,这归因于它们的表面方面。这种丝绒由无规分布的纤维组成。这些纤维可以处以单个簇或者纤维的形式。
这些地毯是由非织造纤维的网形成的,例如是通过梳理-铺网制成的。该网经历了针刺操作或者“dilourage”,其组成为从该网部分拉出纤维,以在所述网表面处形成线圈。
该针刺例如在机上进行,所述机组成为装备有一组刷子的传送带和装备有针板的针刺头。所述针将所述网的一部分纤维带走经对应于最终产品的丝绒高度的深度远至传送带的刷子的内部。
在制成丝绒的同时,通过使得位于刷子表面上的称作“基底”的网的部分中的纤维缠绕,该针刺使得所述网致密化。该基底的厚度随着纤维缠绕而逐渐减小。
在这个针刺作业或者“dilourage”结束时,获得了簇状丝绒。所述簇状丝绒然后可以经历剪切作业,目的是切掉所述线圈的顶部,来获得由单个纤维组成的丝绒。
这样的经剪切的丝绒或者经剃削(shaved)的丝绒相比于簇状丝绒总是更易于清洁的。确实的,线圈的形状提供了到小尺寸固体废物例如植物废物或者砂砾的更好粘附。
但是,该剪切作业具有不可忽视的成本,因为在技术上难以将大剪刀对齐置于机后面。此外,该剪切产生了5%-10%的所用材料的损失。
本发明的目标是提供一种丝绒,其易于清除固体废物,同时限制了生产成本。
为此目的,本发明涉及一件前述类型的装置,其中该网的纤维包含至少50质量%和优选至少75质量%的中空纤维;和该网的丝绒密度大于或者等于0.04g/cm3和优选包含0.04g/cm3-0.06g/cm3
根据本发明的其他有利的方面,该件装置包括一个或者几个如下特征,单个采用或者根据全部可能的技术组合:
-该中空纤维用热塑性材料,优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),形成;
-该中空纤维的线性密度大于或者等于10-4g/m;
-该零件包括连接组分,所述连接组分浸渍基底的厚度的一部分;
-该连接组分的熔点低于形成中空纤维的材料的熔点。
本发明进一步涉及一种制造上述机动车辆的一件内部装置的方法,其包括下面的步骤:将纤维的非织造网置于装备有刷子的传送带上,该网包括中空纤维;和针刺面朝刷子的网,来形成与传送带接触的基底和与该传送带相对的丝绒面层。
根据本发明的其他有利的方面,该方法包括一个或者几个下面的特征,单个采用或者根据全部可能的技术组合:
-该非织造网进一步包括粘合纤维,其是至少部分可熔融的;和该方法然后包括热粘合步骤,其中该粘合纤维至少部分熔融;
-粘合纤维包含芯和包围所述芯的外鞘,所述外鞘的熔融温度低于芯的熔融温度;和在热粘合步骤过程中,该鞘至少部分熔融,形成连接组分,所述连接组分浸渍基底的厚度的一部分;
-该方法然后包括如下步骤:将连接组分沉积到基底的外表面上;和然后加热该外表面,来使得该连接组分熔融或者交联和部分渗透入基底中;
-该连接组分以粉末形式,或者作为膜,或者作为非织造物,或者以液体形式例如胶乳、塑料溶胶、或者有机溶胶,沉积的。
本发明将通过阅读下面的仅仅作为非限定性例子给出的说明书和参考附图而更好理解,其中:
-图1是根据本发明一种实施方案的一件装置的部分侧截面图;和
-图2是图1的零件的部分横截面图。
根据本发明一种实施方案的机动车辆的一件内部装置10是图1所示的。
零件10例如是机动车辆的内部装置地毯,打算置于车辆的地面上或者壁上。
零件10基本上垂直于主方向11延伸。根据10和11的零件10的总厚度例如包含3mm-8mm。
零件10包括针刺纤维14,16的网12,其至少部分结合在一起,这界定了丝绒面层18和形成基底20的背层。面层18和基底20沿着方向11堆叠。
优选该网12的表面质量大于300g/m2和更优选包含400g/m2-1000g/m2
纤维14,16是无规分布的。在丝绒面层18上,纤维14,16是作为线圈22出现的。
网12的纤维14,16包含至少50质量%和优选至少75质量%的中空纤维14。图2显示了中空纤维14的横截面图。
中空纤维14包括至少一种内部中空空间24,其沿着纤维14轴向延伸。在图2的例子中,纤维14具有管状形状,所述纤维的壁26具有环形截面。优选该内部中空空间24占纤维14截面的15%-35%,优选大约25%。作为一个例子,壁26的内径28和外径30分别是大约15μm和大约40μm。
优选的,类似于图2中的例子,中空纤维14的截面具有基本上圆形(circular)或者椭圆形轮廓。其他形状也是可能的,特别是开放形状,这里内部中空空间24与中空纤维14的外部联通。
中空纤维14的壁26例如是基于热塑性聚合物,例如聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酰胺、聚乳酸、其混合物或者其共聚物,制成的。优选中空纤维14的壁26是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。
根据本发明的一种实施方案,网12进一步包含粘合实心纤维16。粘合纤维16分散在整个网12上,并且均匀存在于面层18和基底20二者中。
粘合纤维16是至少部分可熔融的。它们例如包括双组分纤维,其包含芯和包围该芯的外鞘。该外鞘的熔融温度低于芯的熔融温度。
例如该芯是由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)制成的,和该鞘是由co-聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Co-PET)(co-polyethylene terephthalate)制成的。
可选择的,粘合纤维16由单个聚合物组成,其熔点低于中空纤维14的熔点,有利地比中空纤维14的熔点低了大约50℃。
在中空纤维14基于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的情况中,该粘合纤维16是例如基于聚丙烯,聚乙烯或者共聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,其混合物或者其共聚物而形成的。
优选的,相对于网12的纤维14,16的总质量,粘合纤维16的质量含量包含1%-15%,更优选6%-12%。
在第二选项中,该网不包含任何粘合纤维;最终产品的内聚力通常将通过基底的背涂层来保证,例如依靠SBR(苯乙烯丁二烯橡胶)乳胶来保证。
形成网12的纤维14,16的长度例如包含40mm-100mm。优选中空纤维14的线性密度大于或者等于10分特(dtex),即10-4g/m。更优选中空纤维14的线性密度包含6分特-20分特。
面层18中丝绒的密度大于或者等于0.04g/cm3和优选包含0.04g/cm3-0.06g/cm3
这种丝绒密度主要是通过测定材料的重量相对于剪切层的初始体积的比率来测量的,该材料是通过将整个面层18向下剪切到基底20来获得的。所述的初始体积对应于剪切表面乘以沿着方向11的面层18的平均高度32。
丝绒产率例如包含15%-40%,该产率由剪切后丝绒的重量相对于剪切前零件10的总重量的比率组成。
基底20为平坦针刺织物的形式。它的厚度有利地小于面层18的厚度。
基底20的表面质量优选大于200g/m2,和更优选包含200g/m2-800g/m2
根据本发明的一种实施方案,零件10包括连接组分34,其浸渍基底20的厚度36的一部分。
连接组分34以小于基底20的厚度36的厚度38位于基底20中,从基底20的外表面40开始计。
连接组分34优选是热塑性聚合物或者共聚物,其与构成中空纤维14的聚合物性质相同。
优选如下文所述,连接组分34是通过上述双组分粘合纤维16的可熔融的鞘带来的。
优选该连接组分34的熔点低于中空纤维14的壁26的熔点。例如如果中空纤维14是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,则连接组分34例如是用选自下面的热塑体形成的:聚丙烯,聚乙烯,聚乳酸,聚酰胺,聚氨酯,其混合物或者其共聚物。
根据一种可选择的实施方案,连接组分34是SBR类型的胶乳。
优选的,基于网12的总质量,连接组分34的质量百分比小于30%和特别是包含10%-20%。
现在将描述由中空纤维14来制造如上所述的一件装置10的方法。
中空纤维14优选经历了第一上浆(sizing)步骤,即,在纤维上沉积保护涂层。任选的,该中空纤维14然后与实心纤维16混合。根据本发明的一种实施方案,如前所述,至少一部分的实心纤维16是用粘合纤维形成的。
纤维14,16然后进行梳理/铺网步骤来形成网12。所述网然后任选地经历预针刺步骤,目的是提供具有最大平坦内聚力(planar cohesion)的网12,同时允许随后形成丝绒。
该方法然后包括针刺网12的步骤,特别是在机上进行,所述机包括装备有刷子的传送带。丝绒面层18和基底20然后在网12任一侧上获得的。
在网12包括粘合纤维16的情况中,经针刺的网12然后经历了热粘合步骤:将网12加热高到高于粘合纤维16的熔融温度的温度,特别是大于90℃,和优选包含110℃-210℃。粘合纤维16至少部分熔融且增强了基底20。在双组分粘合纤维16的情况中,该粘合纤维的鞘至少部分熔融,形成连接组分34。
在网12没有任何粘合纤维的情况中,在针刺步骤之后,连接组分34沉积在基底20的外表面40上。在这个步骤中,有利地使连接组分34为粉末形式,作为膜,作为非织造物,或者处于液体形式(乳胶、塑料溶胶、或者有机溶胶)。外表面40然后加热,来使得连接组分34熔融或者交联和部分渗透入基底20中。
在热粘合操作后,将连接组分34沉积、熔融或者交联在表面40上的步骤可以另外在含有粘合纤维16的网12上进行。
一种类似于上述方法的方法尤其描述在申请FR1451788中,其尚未公开。
来自于上述方法的一件汽车装置10特别容易清除小尺寸固体废物例如植物废物或者砂砾。下面的实施例说明了本发明的这个方面。
实施例1:制造第一汽车覆料零件
覆料A是根据上述用于汽车装置的零件10的方法来制造的。网12的表面质量是550g/m2,并且由PET中空纤维14组成,线性密度是12分特。参见图2,纤维14的内径28和外径30分别是15μm和40μm。
预针刺密度是40-120个/cm2;针刺或者“dilourage”密度是300-600个/cm2。针刺机的针是叉针例如VG1000(Groz Becker)。
获得了具有簇状丝绒的覆料A。丝绒高度32是大约4mm。覆料A的丝绒密度是0.055g/cm3
实施例2:制造第二汽车覆料零件
将实施例1的覆料A剪切,来切掉线圈的顶部,来形成剪切丝绒。所获得的覆料B的丝绒高度是大约3.5mm。
实施例3:制造第三汽车覆料零件
作为对比,根据实施例1的方法,由以下网来制造汽车装置的覆料C,该网的表面质量是550g/m2,并且由PET实心纤维组成,线性密度是17分特。覆料C的丝绒密度是0.025。
出于实施例4所述的测试的需要,覆料A,B和C是由深色纤维制成的。
实施例4:清洁性测试
覆料A,B和C进行了根据RSA D47 3010方法的清洁性测试:将每个测试覆料靠着中空鼓BTW的内壁放置。将10g的木头刨花(长度包含1.8mm-2.5mm)置于该鼓中,还放置了1kg的标准化的四脚体。驱使该鼓旋转1000转。
然后将该测试覆料从鼓中取出,并且将所述覆料的一半表面经历两个方向上的抽吸(负压:31kPa;空气:40dm3/s–喷嘴:8cm2)。
将包含6个圆孔(直径50mm)的掩模置于覆料抽吸过的部分上。图形分析装置评价了通过每个孔目视可见的保留连接到覆料表面上的刨花的量,基于刨花的浅颜色和覆料的深颜色之间的对比。然后基于所获得的6个值来计算平均值。
获得了清洁性分数,其是与刨花覆盖的表面百分比成比例的。该分数越低,覆料越容易清洁。间隔范围是0-25。上述覆料获得下面的分数:
覆料 A B C
清洁性分数 5 2 11
作为对比,剪切的常规针刺织物获得了7.5的清洁性分数,非剪切的常规针刺织物获得了13的清洁性分数。
覆料A所获得的结果显示,与现有技术相比,使用中空纤维产生了改进非剪切的丝绒的清洁性的可能性。
用于解释这个结果所提出的一个假定是对于相同的线性密度,中空纤维的硬度(stiffness)大于实心纤维的硬度。确实的,被认为是圆柱形(实心或中空)的纤维的惯性矩是与外径的四次幂大致成比例的。该中空纤维因此抑制了刨花更有效的渗入丝绒中。在所述测试进行过程中,抽吸因此将更有效进行。
此外,在相同的线性密度下,中空纤维的外径大于实心纤维的外径。因此,12分特的中空纤维的外径是42μm,与之相比12分特的实心纤维的外径是32μm。因此,在相同的丝绒密度下,两个中空纤维之间的平均距离是较小的,这使得刨花进一步更难以渗入。
最后,申请人注意到在此外一切相同的情况下,由中空纤维组成的网的丝绒密度比由实心纤维组成的网的密度大了大约40%。这可以通过中空纤维的可压缩性来解释,其使得它们占据了较小的体积和因此更好的填充了针的叉子。这种较大的密度进一步降低了丝绒中中空纤维之间的距离,因此限制了刨花的渗入。
因此,可以看到全部这些因素,丝绒密度,降低纤维间距离的外径和改进的纤维硬度,导致脏物的渗入明显更困难,其机械上导致了显著改进的清洁性。
但是,覆料C是用实心纤维形成的,其外径与覆料A相同,所以具有类似硬度。但是这个覆料C具有比其他测试覆料更低的清洁性。因此与中空纤维相关的效果是令人惊讶的。
此外,覆料A和B在通常用于这类覆料的其他测试例如耐磨和耐分离测试中产生了良好的结果。

Claims (10)

1.一种机动车辆的内部装置的零件(10),其包含针刺纤维(14,16)的非织造网(12),所述针刺纤维的非织造网形成了丝绒面层(18)和基底(20),特征在于:
-所述网的纤维(14,16)包含至少50质量%和优选至少75质量%的中空纤维(14);和
-所述网的丝绒密度大于或者等于0.04g/cm3和优选包含0.04g/cm3-0.06g/cm3
2.根据权利要求1的装置零件,其中所述中空纤维(14)是用热塑性材料,优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),形成的。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2的装置零件,其中所述中空纤维(14)的线性密度大于或等于10-4g/m。
4.根据前述权利要求任一项的装置零件,其包括粘合组分(34),所述粘合组分浸渍基底(20)的厚度(36)的一部分(38)。
5.根据权利要求4的装置零件,其中所述粘合组分(34)的熔点低于形成所述中空纤维(14)的材料的熔点。
6.一种制造根据权利要求1-5任一项的机动车辆的内部装置的零件(10)的方法,其包括以下步骤:
-将纤维(14,16)的非织造网(12)置于装备有刷子的传送带上,所述网(12)包括中空纤维(14);
-针刺面朝刷子的网(12),以形成与传送带接触的基底(20)和与传送带相对的丝绒面层(18)。
7.根据权利要求6的方法,其中:
-所述非织造网进一步包括至少部分可熔融的粘合纤维(16);
-所述方法然后包括热粘合步骤,其中所述粘合纤维(16)至少部分熔融。
8.根据权利要求7的方法,其与权利要求4相组合,其中:
-粘合纤维(16)包含芯和包围所述芯的外鞘,所述外鞘的熔融温度低于所述芯的熔融温度;
-在热粘合步骤过程中,所述鞘至少部分熔融,形成粘合组分(34),所述粘合组分浸渍基底(20)的厚度(36)的一部分(38)。
9.权利要求6-8任一项的方法,其与权利要求4相组合,因此包括以下步骤:
-将粘合组分(34)沉积到基底(20)的外表面(40)上;和然后
-加热所述外表面(40),以使得粘合组分(34)熔融或者交联或者部分渗透入基底(20)中。
10.根据权利要求9的方法,其中所述粘合组分(34)是以粉末形式,或者作为膜,或者以非织造物形式,或者以液体形式例如胶乳、塑料溶胶、或者有机溶胶,沉积的。
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