CN106112151B - Rotary EDM servo method and system - Google Patents

Rotary EDM servo method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106112151B
CN106112151B CN201610610438.0A CN201610610438A CN106112151B CN 106112151 B CN106112151 B CN 106112151B CN 201610610438 A CN201610610438 A CN 201610610438A CN 106112151 B CN106112151 B CN 106112151B
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China
Prior art keywords
current period
state
data
feeding
gap
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CN106112151A (en
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叶树林
华蕊
朱中槐
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Foshan University
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Foshan University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • B23H1/02Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
    • B23H1/022Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges for shaping the discharge pulse train
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • B23H1/02Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
    • B23H1/024Detection of, and response to, abnormal gap conditions, e.g. short circuits
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • B23H1/02Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
    • B23H1/026Power supply protection, e.g. detection of power switch breakdown

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, this method are:A, system starts, and passes through the current period flash-over characteristic data being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece;B, using reference value current period flash-over characteristic data are compared with processing to obtain comparing data, calls default discharging gap-state table to judge comparing data identification, obtains corresponding current period spark discharge gap state and its duration;C, the state rate of each discharging gap-state of current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration, and corresponding feeding control data is calculated using default feeding rule;D, according to the feeding mode in feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel next cycle.Realized by the servo method and the Intelligent servo of electric spark grinding is fed, solved emery wheel dead unit problem in rotary EDM, processing cost is reduced while rotary EDM quality and converted products quality is greatly promoted.

Description

Rotary EDM servo method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field, more particularly to a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system.
Background technology
Electrical discharge machining is essentially different with traditional machine cut processing, and it is a kind of noncontact procession, is not had There is machining cutting force, the intensity, hardness to instrument can use softer material to process leading for any hard without particular/special requirement Electric material.So electric spark is widely used in various unmanageable work pieces process, such as narrow slot, profiled holes, thin-walled parts, complexity The processing in type face, micropore and micro rod, there is important ground in fields such as machinery, aerospace, electronics, instrument, light industry, automobiles Position.
Electric spark grinding(Electrical discharge grinding, abbreviation EDG)It is one in electrical discharge machining Kind, it is to utilize the spark discharge between conductive abrasive wheel rotary movement and workpiece, caused TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE ablation workpiece surface The principle of material.Spark-erosion sinking grinding is applied to process any conductive material, and the difficult hard material of mechanical grinding more can Play superiority.In this way can Pattern In Grinding Cemented Carbide forming tool, the blade of indexable stage property, the mosaic mould that hardens or Rack etc..Because, without mechanical cutting force, electric spark grinding can be additionally used in yielding zero such as grinding micro, thin-walled in grinding process Part and deep trouth, slit etc..
But current EDM Grinding servo feed control technology level is relatively low, in the EDM Grinding of reality In, or even some are also using the control mode for being manually stepped feeding, and relevant emery wheel dead point in EDM Grinding at present The problem of also without effective solution, these all seriously hinder the further development of EDM Grinding technique And application.
Therefore, prior art needs further to improve.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention reside in provide a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, purport Emery wheel dead point and servo method fall behind in solving the problems, such as rotary EDM.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of rotary EDM servo method, wherein, methods described includes:
A, after system starts, the current period flash-over characteristic number being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece is passed through According to;
B, using preset reference value current period flash-over characteristic data are compared with processing to obtain comparing data, is called pre- If discharging gap-state table judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition, obtain comparing corresponding to data current period electricity Spark-discharge gap state and its duration;
C, each discharging gap of current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration The state rate of state, and corresponding feeding control data is calculated using default feeding rule based on the state rate;
D, according to the feeding mode in feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel next cycle.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the current period flash-over characteristic data include current week The gap voltage U or gap current I of phase.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the preset reference value includes reference voltage or with reference to electricity Stream, voltage max U when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1With voltage minimum U2It is respectively set to join Examine voltage;Current maxima I when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1With current minimum I2Set respectively For reference current.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, using preset reference value to current period flash-over characteristic number It is specially according to being compared processing and obtaining comparing data:By current period gap voltage U and default reference voltage maximum U1 With minimum value U2It is compared to obtain and compares data, the relatively data is U < U2、U2< U < U1Or U1< U.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, in the discharging gap-state table, each relatively data with it is each Discharge condition has one-to-one relationship, wherein, U < U2Corresponding to short-circuit condition, U2< U < U1Corresponding to discharge condition, U1< U corresponds to open-circuit condition.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, it is described to utilize current period spark discharge gap state And its state rate of each discharging gap-state of duration calculating current period is specially:Based on confirmed current period electricity Spark-discharge gap state obtains short circuit, electric discharge, the duration of three kinds of states of open circuit respectively, and is distinguished using the duration Short circuit ratio, cremate rate, the no-load ratio of current period is calculated.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the default feeding rule is:When short circuit ratio >=zero load Rate, corresponding feeding control data is not feed;When short circuit ratio < no-load ratios, corresponding feeding control data is feeding.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the step C is specially:Utilize current period electric spark Discharging gap-state and its duration calculate the short-circuit condition of current period and the probability of Light Condition, compare short circuit ratio and sky Comparative result is simultaneously judged to obtain corresponding to the comparative result and feeds control data by load rate using default feeding rule.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the step D is specially:The current week that will be calculated Each feeding control data of phase each period is stored, and the feeding of corresponding period is called after conductive abrasive wheel enters next cycle Control data, conductive abrasive wheel is controlled in feeding mode corresponding to the execution of corresponding period using the feeding control data.
A kind of rotary EDM servo-drive system, wherein, the system includes:
Detection module:For the current period flash-over characteristic data being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece;
Calculating and comparing module:Obtained for being compared processing to current period flash-over characteristic data using preset reference value Compare data, call default discharging gap-state table that judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition, obtain comparing data institute Corresponding current period spark discharge gap state and its duration;And for using between current period spark discharge Gap state and its duration calculate the state rate of each discharging gap-state of current period, and are utilized and preset based on the state rate Corresponding feeding control data is calculated in feeding rule;
Execution module:For the feeding mode according to feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel within next cycle.
Beneficial effect:The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, passes through the servo method energy Enough realize feeds to the Intelligent servo of electric spark grinding, solves emery wheel dead unit problem in rotary EDM, is greatly promoting While rotary EDM quality and converted products quality, processing cost is reduced, and product yield is also obviously improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram that electric spark overall system is rotated in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is specific embodiment of the invention intermediate gap evaluation function curve map.
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram that electric spark servo-drive system is rotated in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme And effect is clearer, clear and definite, the present invention is described in more detail below.It should be appreciated that specific implementation described herein Example is not intended to limit the present invention only to explain the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method, and this method is real based on overall system as shown in Figure 1 Existing, the overall system includes processing assembly and control assembly, and processing assembly is conductive abrasive wheel 100 and matched somebody with somebody with conductive abrasive wheel 100 The workbench 300 and fixture 310 of conjunction, in addition to provide the spark pulse power 400 that fire is ground, control assembly bag for conductive abrasive wheel Include for controlling workbench and then controlling the servomotor 600 of workpiece feeding and for real to servomotor output control signal The servo-control system 500 that the existing present invention is intelligently fed.
Based on said system, methods described includes:
After S1, system start, pass through the current period flash-over characteristic being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece Data.
Rotary EDM servo-controlled particularity is the periodicity and region of discharge of conductive abrasive wheel rotary motion Locality.Periodically it is mainly reflected in:Due to rotary motion and the rotary body surface radius of gyration it is inconsistent (workpiece manufacture or Caused by clamping deviation), the change of guiding discharge gap period.Locality is mainly reflected in:Region of discharge is confined to the surfaces of revolution In upper less scope, the electric discharge successively of the whole surfaces of revolution could be realized by rotation, and each subrange discharge scenario is general It is uneven.Thus the present invention using periodically and locality characteristics as formulation electric spark grinding servo strategies it is important according to According to.Adjacent time interval servo-controlled twice is controlling cycle, and servo method of the present invention is exactly that controlling cycle is completed to perform.
In specific embodiment, the current period flash-over characteristic data include the gap voltage U or gap electricity of current period Flow I.
S2, processing is compared to current period flash-over characteristic data using preset reference value obtains comparing data, call Judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition in default discharging gap-state table, obtains comparing the current period corresponding to data Spark discharge gap state and its duration.
Wherein, the preset reference value includes reference voltage and reference current, and the reference voltage is to be averaged based on gap The setting value of voltage, the reference current are the setting value based on gap average current.Due to open circuit, short circuit, electric discharge(Spark is put Electricity, arc discharge)And the voltage of four kinds of states of inter-spike intervals, the amplitude Characteristics of electric current are there is obvious difference, thus The present invention accurate can identify differentiation discharging gap by using gap voltage or electric current and with the comparison of reference voltage electric current State.
Specifically, voltage max U when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1With voltage minimum U2 It is respectively set to reference voltage;Current maxima I when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1It is minimum with electric current Value I2It is respectively set to reference current.Processing is compared using reference voltage to current period flash-over characteristic data to be compared Data are specially:By current period gap voltage U and default reference voltage maximum U1With minimum value U2It is compared and is compared Compared with data, the relatively data are U < U2、U2< U < U1Or U1< U.I.e. current period gap voltage U is compared with reference voltage Three kinds of comparative results afterwards be present, and three kinds of comparative results then reflect the gap state between current conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece respectively For short circuit, electric discharge, open-circuit condition.
Thus in default discharging gap-state table, each relatively data have one-to-one relationship with each discharge condition, its In, U < U2Corresponding to short-circuit condition, U2< U < U1Corresponding to discharge condition, U1< U correspond to open-circuit condition.
Therefore call discharging gap-state table to be matched to comparing data, obtain compared between the electric discharge of data match Gap state.
In preferred embodiment, the present invention uses Hall current inductor, so as to which the detection of gap current is converted into gap The detection of voltage, thus current detecting and comparing element need not be set, be uniformly converted to the comparison of gap voltage and reference voltage With matching.
The duration of the state is recorded after having judged discharging gap-state, conductive abrasive wheel is recorded successively and works as The preceding cycle(Swing circle)Interior discharging gap-state and its corresponding duration.
S3, utilize current period spark discharge gap state and its each discharging gap of duration calculating current period The state rate of state, and corresponding feeding control data is calculated using default feeding rule based on the state rate.
Count respectively based on confirmed current period spark discharge gap state and calculate each discharging gap-state and exist Total duration in current period, short circuit, electric discharge, the duration of three kinds of states of open circuit are obtained, and according to equation below Short circuit ratio, cremate rate, the no-load ratio of current period are calculated respectively:
Conductive abrasive wheel locally each status rate is determined in current period by the formula.Based on the current week being calculated Short circuit ratio, spark rate, the no-load ratio of phase can specify the feeding strategy in next cycle, specifically default feeding rule, described pre- If feeding rule is:When short circuit ratio >=no-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data is not feed;It is right when short circuit ratio < no-load ratios The feeding control data answered is feeding.The definition of feeding rule is drawn based on following function:
(Formula one)
(Formula two)
Wherein, S is probability of happening, and To is the open-circuit condition duration, and Te is the discharge condition duration, and Ts is short-circuit shape State duration, Ta are swing circle.
The function can be referred to as gap evaluation function, when gap shorting, there is To=Te=0, Ts=Ta, S=0;When gap is opened Lu Shi, there are Ts=Te=0, Ta=To, S=1;When gap is offset from road, average voltage rise, To and Te rises, S increase;When When gap is partially short-circuit, average voltage is reduced, and Ts increases, To and Te are reduced, and S declines.S is the letter of a change in (0,1) Number, it is the monotonic function in gap, as shown in Figure 2.Thus by identifying S, the size of discharging gap is identified indirectly.Because electric fire Flower grinding only exists open circuit, spark discharge and short-circuit condition, so these three state odds sums are 1.Therefore, To is worked as During with Ts very littles, spark discharge probability is maximum, ablation efficiency highest, now S=0.5.During S=1, gap is opened a way completely;During S=0, Gap dead short;When S is between (0,1), there is spark discharge generation in gap, and as S=0.5, the probability of spark discharge It is maximum;S<When 0.5, gap is partially short-circuit;S>When 0.5, gap is offset from road.As S=0.5, the probability of spark discharge is maximum, therefore Feeding rule is determined using above-mentioned relation.And conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece gap can be realized based on the feeding rule that the function determines Control maintains S near 0.5 all the time, so that it is guaranteed that rotary EDM remains highest processing efficiency.
Calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration the short-circuit condition of current period and After the probability of Light Condition, compare short circuit ratio and no-load ratio and judged to obtain using default feeding rule by comparative result Feeding control data corresponding to the comparative result.The feeding control data generally comprises and retreats control data, advance control number According to and maintain control data, can realize the action control to servomotor by these data.
S4, control according to feeding control data feeding mode in next cycle.
Further, each feeding control data of the current period being calculated each period is stored, and ground in conduction The feeding control data of corresponding period is called after taking turns into next swing circle, utilizes the feeding control data to control conductive mill Wheel is in feeding mode corresponding to the execution of corresponding period.I.e. by the conductive abrasive wheel current period that compares, be calculated it is each when Between section feeding control data successively store successively, and conductive abrasive wheel enter next swing circle after call the corresponding time successively The feeding control data of section sends control signal, control servomotor action, in the next revolution of conductive abrasive wheel to servomotor In phase operation process, the same the inventive method that performs obtains the feeding control data of lower swing circle, so that it is guaranteed that electric rotating The lasting progress of spark processing.
As illustrated, the present invention also provides a kind of rotary EDM servo-drive system, wherein, the system includes:
Detection module 510:For the current period flash-over characteristic number being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece According to specifically as described in step S1.
Calculating and comparing module 520:For being compared processing to current period flash-over characteristic data using preset reference value Obtain comparing data, call default discharging gap-state table that judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition, obtain comparison number According to corresponding current period spark discharge gap state and its duration;And for being put using current period electric spark Electric gap state and its duration calculate the state rate of each discharging gap-state of current period, and are utilized based on the state rate Corresponding feeding control data is calculated in default feeding rule, specifically as described in step S2 and S3.
Execution module 530:For controlling the feeding mode in conductive abrasive wheel next cycle according to feeding control data, specifically As described in step S4.
The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, can be realized to electricity by the servo method The Intelligent servo feeding of spark grinding, solves emery wheel dead unit problem in rotary EDM, is greatly promoting rotation electric spark While crudy and converted products quality, processing cost is reduced, and product yield is also obviously improved.
It should be appreciated that the application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can To be improved or converted according to the above description, all these modifications and variations should all belong to the guarantor of appended claims of the present invention Protect scope.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of rotary EDM servo method, it is characterised in that methods described includes:
A, after system starts, the current period flash-over characteristic data being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece are passed through;
B, using preset reference value current period flash-over characteristic data are compared with processing to obtain comparing data, is called default Judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition in discharging gap-state table, obtains comparing the current period electric spark corresponding to data Discharging gap-state and its duration;
C, each discharging gap-state of current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration State rate, and corresponding feeding control data is calculated using default feeding rule based on the state rate;
D, according to the feeding mode in feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel next cycle;
Each discharging gap shape that current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration The state rate of state is specially:Short circuit, electric discharge, open circuit are obtained based on confirmed current period spark discharge gap state respectively The duration of three kinds of states, and the short circuit ratio of current period, cremate rate, zero load are calculated respectively using the duration Rate;
It is described it is default feeding rule be:When short circuit ratio >=no-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data is not feed;As short circuit ratio < No-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data are feeding;
The step C is specially:Current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration The probability of short-circuit condition and Light Condition, compare short circuit ratio and no-load ratio and sentenced comparative result using default feeding rule It is disconnected to obtain feeding control data corresponding to the comparative result;
The step D is specially:Each feeding control data of the current period being calculated each period is stored, and in conduction Emery wheel calls the feeding control data of corresponding period after entering next cycle, utilizes feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel Feeding mode corresponding to being performed in the corresponding period.
2. rotary EDM servo method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the current period electric discharge is special Property data include the gap voltage U or gap current I of current period.
3. rotary EDM servo method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preset reference value includes Reference voltage or reference current, voltage max U when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1It is minimum with voltage Value U2It is respectively set to reference voltage;Current maxima I when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1And electric current Minimum value I2It is respectively set to reference current.
4. rotary EDM servo method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that using preset reference value to working as Preceding periodic discharging performance data, which is compared processing and obtains comparing data, is specially:By current period gap voltage U with it is default Reference voltage maximum U1With minimum value U2It is compared to obtain and compares data, the relatively data is U < U2、U2< U < U1Or U1< U.
5. rotary EDM servo method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the discharging gap-state table In, each relatively data have one-to-one relationship with each discharge condition, wherein, U < U2Corresponding to short-circuit condition, U2< U < U1It is right Should be in discharge condition, U1< U correspond to open-circuit condition.
6. a kind of rotary EDM servo-drive system, it is characterised in that the system includes:
Detection module:For the current period flash-over characteristic data being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece;
Calculating and comparing module:Compared for being compared processing to current period flash-over characteristic data using preset reference value Data, call default discharging gap-state table that judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition, obtain comparing corresponding to data Current period spark discharge gap state and its duration;And for utilizing current period spark discharge gap-like State and its duration calculate the state rate of each discharging gap-state of current period, and utilize default feeding based on the state rate Corresponding feeding control data is calculated in rule;
Execution module:For according to the feeding mode in feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel next cycle;
Each discharging gap shape that current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration The state rate of state is specially:Short circuit, electric discharge, open circuit are obtained based on confirmed current period spark discharge gap state respectively The duration of three kinds of states, and the short circuit ratio of current period, cremate rate, zero load are calculated respectively using the duration Rate;
It is described it is default feeding rule be:When short circuit ratio >=no-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data is not feed;As short circuit ratio < No-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data are feeding;
The short-circuit condition of current period and unloaded shape are calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration Probability of state, compare short circuit ratio and no-load ratio and judged to obtain the comparative result using default feeding rule by comparative result Corresponding feeding control data;
Each feeding control data of the current period being calculated each period is stored, and enters next cycle in conductive abrasive wheel The feeding control data of corresponding period is called afterwards, is performed using feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel in the corresponding period Corresponding feeding mode.
CN201610610438.0A 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 Rotary EDM servo method and system Expired - Fee Related CN106112151B (en)

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CN106735636B (en) * 2017-03-31 2019-11-19 山东豪迈机械科技股份有限公司 Electrical discharge machining discharging headlamp circuit and method
CN110802289A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-18 常州工学院 Method and device for detecting minimum clearance between numerical control electrolytic machining electrodes

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