CN106112151B - Rotary EDM servo method and system - Google Patents
Rotary EDM servo method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106112151B CN106112151B CN201610610438.0A CN201610610438A CN106112151B CN 106112151 B CN106112151 B CN 106112151B CN 201610610438 A CN201610610438 A CN 201610610438A CN 106112151 B CN106112151 B CN 106112151B
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- current period
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
- B23H1/022—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges for shaping the discharge pulse train
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
- B23H1/024—Detection of, and response to, abnormal gap conditions, e.g. short circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
- B23H1/026—Power supply protection, e.g. detection of power switch breakdown
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, this method are:A, system starts, and passes through the current period flash-over characteristic data being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece;B, using reference value current period flash-over characteristic data are compared with processing to obtain comparing data, calls default discharging gap-state table to judge comparing data identification, obtains corresponding current period spark discharge gap state and its duration;C, the state rate of each discharging gap-state of current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration, and corresponding feeding control data is calculated using default feeding rule;D, according to the feeding mode in feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel next cycle.Realized by the servo method and the Intelligent servo of electric spark grinding is fed, solved emery wheel dead unit problem in rotary EDM, processing cost is reduced while rotary EDM quality and converted products quality is greatly promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field, more particularly to a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system.
Background technology
Electrical discharge machining is essentially different with traditional machine cut processing, and it is a kind of noncontact procession, is not had
There is machining cutting force, the intensity, hardness to instrument can use softer material to process leading for any hard without particular/special requirement
Electric material.So electric spark is widely used in various unmanageable work pieces process, such as narrow slot, profiled holes, thin-walled parts, complexity
The processing in type face, micropore and micro rod, there is important ground in fields such as machinery, aerospace, electronics, instrument, light industry, automobiles
Position.
Electric spark grinding(Electrical discharge grinding, abbreviation EDG)It is one in electrical discharge machining
Kind, it is to utilize the spark discharge between conductive abrasive wheel rotary movement and workpiece, caused TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE ablation workpiece surface
The principle of material.Spark-erosion sinking grinding is applied to process any conductive material, and the difficult hard material of mechanical grinding more can
Play superiority.In this way can Pattern In Grinding Cemented Carbide forming tool, the blade of indexable stage property, the mosaic mould that hardens or
Rack etc..Because, without mechanical cutting force, electric spark grinding can be additionally used in yielding zero such as grinding micro, thin-walled in grinding process
Part and deep trouth, slit etc..
But current EDM Grinding servo feed control technology level is relatively low, in the EDM Grinding of reality
In, or even some are also using the control mode for being manually stepped feeding, and relevant emery wheel dead point in EDM Grinding at present
The problem of also without effective solution, these all seriously hinder the further development of EDM Grinding technique
And application.
Therefore, prior art needs further to improve.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention reside in provide a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, purport
Emery wheel dead point and servo method fall behind in solving the problems, such as rotary EDM.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of rotary EDM servo method, wherein, methods described includes:
A, after system starts, the current period flash-over characteristic number being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece is passed through
According to;
B, using preset reference value current period flash-over characteristic data are compared with processing to obtain comparing data, is called pre-
If discharging gap-state table judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition, obtain comparing corresponding to data current period electricity
Spark-discharge gap state and its duration;
C, each discharging gap of current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration
The state rate of state, and corresponding feeding control data is calculated using default feeding rule based on the state rate;
D, according to the feeding mode in feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel next cycle.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the current period flash-over characteristic data include current week
The gap voltage U or gap current I of phase.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the preset reference value includes reference voltage or with reference to electricity
Stream, voltage max U when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1With voltage minimum U2It is respectively set to join
Examine voltage;Current maxima I when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1With current minimum I2Set respectively
For reference current.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, using preset reference value to current period flash-over characteristic number
It is specially according to being compared processing and obtaining comparing data:By current period gap voltage U and default reference voltage maximum U1
With minimum value U2It is compared to obtain and compares data, the relatively data is U < U2、U2< U < U1Or U1< U.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, in the discharging gap-state table, each relatively data with it is each
Discharge condition has one-to-one relationship, wherein, U < U2Corresponding to short-circuit condition, U2< U < U1Corresponding to discharge condition, U1<
U corresponds to open-circuit condition.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, it is described to utilize current period spark discharge gap state
And its state rate of each discharging gap-state of duration calculating current period is specially:Based on confirmed current period electricity
Spark-discharge gap state obtains short circuit, electric discharge, the duration of three kinds of states of open circuit respectively, and is distinguished using the duration
Short circuit ratio, cremate rate, the no-load ratio of current period is calculated.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the default feeding rule is:When short circuit ratio >=zero load
Rate, corresponding feeding control data is not feed;When short circuit ratio < no-load ratios, corresponding feeding control data is feeding.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the step C is specially:Utilize current period electric spark
Discharging gap-state and its duration calculate the short-circuit condition of current period and the probability of Light Condition, compare short circuit ratio and sky
Comparative result is simultaneously judged to obtain corresponding to the comparative result and feeds control data by load rate using default feeding rule.
Described rotary EDM servo method, wherein, the step D is specially:The current week that will be calculated
Each feeding control data of phase each period is stored, and the feeding of corresponding period is called after conductive abrasive wheel enters next cycle
Control data, conductive abrasive wheel is controlled in feeding mode corresponding to the execution of corresponding period using the feeding control data.
A kind of rotary EDM servo-drive system, wherein, the system includes:
Detection module:For the current period flash-over characteristic data being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece;
Calculating and comparing module:Obtained for being compared processing to current period flash-over characteristic data using preset reference value
Compare data, call default discharging gap-state table that judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition, obtain comparing data institute
Corresponding current period spark discharge gap state and its duration;And for using between current period spark discharge
Gap state and its duration calculate the state rate of each discharging gap-state of current period, and are utilized and preset based on the state rate
Corresponding feeding control data is calculated in feeding rule;
Execution module:For the feeding mode according to feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel within next cycle.
Beneficial effect:The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, passes through the servo method energy
Enough realize feeds to the Intelligent servo of electric spark grinding, solves emery wheel dead unit problem in rotary EDM, is greatly promoting
While rotary EDM quality and converted products quality, processing cost is reduced, and product yield is also obviously improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram that electric spark overall system is rotated in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is specific embodiment of the invention intermediate gap evaluation function curve map.
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram that electric spark servo-drive system is rotated in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme
And effect is clearer, clear and definite, the present invention is described in more detail below.It should be appreciated that specific implementation described herein
Example is not intended to limit the present invention only to explain the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method, and this method is real based on overall system as shown in Figure 1
Existing, the overall system includes processing assembly and control assembly, and processing assembly is conductive abrasive wheel 100 and matched somebody with somebody with conductive abrasive wheel 100
The workbench 300 and fixture 310 of conjunction, in addition to provide the spark pulse power 400 that fire is ground, control assembly bag for conductive abrasive wheel
Include for controlling workbench and then controlling the servomotor 600 of workpiece feeding and for real to servomotor output control signal
The servo-control system 500 that the existing present invention is intelligently fed.
Based on said system, methods described includes:
After S1, system start, pass through the current period flash-over characteristic being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece
Data.
Rotary EDM servo-controlled particularity is the periodicity and region of discharge of conductive abrasive wheel rotary motion
Locality.Periodically it is mainly reflected in:Due to rotary motion and the rotary body surface radius of gyration it is inconsistent (workpiece manufacture or
Caused by clamping deviation), the change of guiding discharge gap period.Locality is mainly reflected in:Region of discharge is confined to the surfaces of revolution
In upper less scope, the electric discharge successively of the whole surfaces of revolution could be realized by rotation, and each subrange discharge scenario is general
It is uneven.Thus the present invention using periodically and locality characteristics as formulation electric spark grinding servo strategies it is important according to
According to.Adjacent time interval servo-controlled twice is controlling cycle, and servo method of the present invention is exactly that controlling cycle is completed to perform.
In specific embodiment, the current period flash-over characteristic data include the gap voltage U or gap electricity of current period
Flow I.
S2, processing is compared to current period flash-over characteristic data using preset reference value obtains comparing data, call
Judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition in default discharging gap-state table, obtains comparing the current period corresponding to data
Spark discharge gap state and its duration.
Wherein, the preset reference value includes reference voltage and reference current, and the reference voltage is to be averaged based on gap
The setting value of voltage, the reference current are the setting value based on gap average current.Due to open circuit, short circuit, electric discharge(Spark is put
Electricity, arc discharge)And the voltage of four kinds of states of inter-spike intervals, the amplitude Characteristics of electric current are there is obvious difference, thus
The present invention accurate can identify differentiation discharging gap by using gap voltage or electric current and with the comparison of reference voltage electric current
State.
Specifically, voltage max U when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1With voltage minimum U2
It is respectively set to reference voltage;Current maxima I when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1It is minimum with electric current
Value I2It is respectively set to reference current.Processing is compared using reference voltage to current period flash-over characteristic data to be compared
Data are specially:By current period gap voltage U and default reference voltage maximum U1With minimum value U2It is compared and is compared
Compared with data, the relatively data are U < U2、U2< U < U1Or U1< U.I.e. current period gap voltage U is compared with reference voltage
Three kinds of comparative results afterwards be present, and three kinds of comparative results then reflect the gap state between current conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece respectively
For short circuit, electric discharge, open-circuit condition.
Thus in default discharging gap-state table, each relatively data have one-to-one relationship with each discharge condition, its
In, U < U2Corresponding to short-circuit condition, U2< U < U1Corresponding to discharge condition, U1< U correspond to open-circuit condition.
Therefore call discharging gap-state table to be matched to comparing data, obtain compared between the electric discharge of data match
Gap state.
In preferred embodiment, the present invention uses Hall current inductor, so as to which the detection of gap current is converted into gap
The detection of voltage, thus current detecting and comparing element need not be set, be uniformly converted to the comparison of gap voltage and reference voltage
With matching.
The duration of the state is recorded after having judged discharging gap-state, conductive abrasive wheel is recorded successively and works as
The preceding cycle(Swing circle)Interior discharging gap-state and its corresponding duration.
S3, utilize current period spark discharge gap state and its each discharging gap of duration calculating current period
The state rate of state, and corresponding feeding control data is calculated using default feeding rule based on the state rate.
Count respectively based on confirmed current period spark discharge gap state and calculate each discharging gap-state and exist
Total duration in current period, short circuit, electric discharge, the duration of three kinds of states of open circuit are obtained, and according to equation below
Short circuit ratio, cremate rate, the no-load ratio of current period are calculated respectively:
。
Conductive abrasive wheel locally each status rate is determined in current period by the formula.Based on the current week being calculated
Short circuit ratio, spark rate, the no-load ratio of phase can specify the feeding strategy in next cycle, specifically default feeding rule, described pre-
If feeding rule is:When short circuit ratio >=no-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data is not feed;It is right when short circuit ratio < no-load ratios
The feeding control data answered is feeding.The definition of feeding rule is drawn based on following function:
(Formula one)
(Formula two)
Wherein, S is probability of happening, and To is the open-circuit condition duration, and Te is the discharge condition duration, and Ts is short-circuit shape
State duration, Ta are swing circle.
The function can be referred to as gap evaluation function, when gap shorting, there is To=Te=0, Ts=Ta, S=0;When gap is opened
Lu Shi, there are Ts=Te=0, Ta=To, S=1;When gap is offset from road, average voltage rise, To and Te rises, S increase;When
When gap is partially short-circuit, average voltage is reduced, and Ts increases, To and Te are reduced, and S declines.S is the letter of a change in (0,1)
Number, it is the monotonic function in gap, as shown in Figure 2.Thus by identifying S, the size of discharging gap is identified indirectly.Because electric fire
Flower grinding only exists open circuit, spark discharge and short-circuit condition, so these three state odds sums are 1.Therefore, To is worked as
During with Ts very littles, spark discharge probability is maximum, ablation efficiency highest, now S=0.5.During S=1, gap is opened a way completely;During S=0,
Gap dead short;When S is between (0,1), there is spark discharge generation in gap, and as S=0.5, the probability of spark discharge
It is maximum;S<When 0.5, gap is partially short-circuit;S>When 0.5, gap is offset from road.As S=0.5, the probability of spark discharge is maximum, therefore
Feeding rule is determined using above-mentioned relation.And conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece gap can be realized based on the feeding rule that the function determines
Control maintains S near 0.5 all the time, so that it is guaranteed that rotary EDM remains highest processing efficiency.
Calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration the short-circuit condition of current period and
After the probability of Light Condition, compare short circuit ratio and no-load ratio and judged to obtain using default feeding rule by comparative result
Feeding control data corresponding to the comparative result.The feeding control data generally comprises and retreats control data, advance control number
According to and maintain control data, can realize the action control to servomotor by these data.
S4, control according to feeding control data feeding mode in next cycle.
Further, each feeding control data of the current period being calculated each period is stored, and ground in conduction
The feeding control data of corresponding period is called after taking turns into next swing circle, utilizes the feeding control data to control conductive mill
Wheel is in feeding mode corresponding to the execution of corresponding period.I.e. by the conductive abrasive wheel current period that compares, be calculated it is each when
Between section feeding control data successively store successively, and conductive abrasive wheel enter next swing circle after call the corresponding time successively
The feeding control data of section sends control signal, control servomotor action, in the next revolution of conductive abrasive wheel to servomotor
In phase operation process, the same the inventive method that performs obtains the feeding control data of lower swing circle, so that it is guaranteed that electric rotating
The lasting progress of spark processing.
As illustrated, the present invention also provides a kind of rotary EDM servo-drive system, wherein, the system includes:
Detection module 510:For the current period flash-over characteristic number being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece
According to specifically as described in step S1.
Calculating and comparing module 520:For being compared processing to current period flash-over characteristic data using preset reference value
Obtain comparing data, call default discharging gap-state table that judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition, obtain comparison number
According to corresponding current period spark discharge gap state and its duration;And for being put using current period electric spark
Electric gap state and its duration calculate the state rate of each discharging gap-state of current period, and are utilized based on the state rate
Corresponding feeding control data is calculated in default feeding rule, specifically as described in step S2 and S3.
Execution module 530:For controlling the feeding mode in conductive abrasive wheel next cycle according to feeding control data, specifically
As described in step S4.
The present invention provides a kind of rotary EDM servo method and system, can be realized to electricity by the servo method
The Intelligent servo feeding of spark grinding, solves emery wheel dead unit problem in rotary EDM, is greatly promoting rotation electric spark
While crudy and converted products quality, processing cost is reduced, and product yield is also obviously improved.
It should be appreciated that the application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can
To be improved or converted according to the above description, all these modifications and variations should all belong to the guarantor of appended claims of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of rotary EDM servo method, it is characterised in that methods described includes:
A, after system starts, the current period flash-over characteristic data being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece are passed through;
B, using preset reference value current period flash-over characteristic data are compared with processing to obtain comparing data, is called default
Judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition in discharging gap-state table, obtains comparing the current period electric spark corresponding to data
Discharging gap-state and its duration;
C, each discharging gap-state of current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration
State rate, and corresponding feeding control data is calculated using default feeding rule based on the state rate;
D, according to the feeding mode in feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel next cycle;
Each discharging gap shape that current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration
The state rate of state is specially:Short circuit, electric discharge, open circuit are obtained based on confirmed current period spark discharge gap state respectively
The duration of three kinds of states, and the short circuit ratio of current period, cremate rate, zero load are calculated respectively using the duration
Rate;
It is described it is default feeding rule be:When short circuit ratio >=no-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data is not feed;As short circuit ratio <
No-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data are feeding;
The step C is specially:Current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration
The probability of short-circuit condition and Light Condition, compare short circuit ratio and no-load ratio and sentenced comparative result using default feeding rule
It is disconnected to obtain feeding control data corresponding to the comparative result;
The step D is specially:Each feeding control data of the current period being calculated each period is stored, and in conduction
Emery wheel calls the feeding control data of corresponding period after entering next cycle, utilizes feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel
Feeding mode corresponding to being performed in the corresponding period.
2. rotary EDM servo method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the current period electric discharge is special
Property data include the gap voltage U or gap current I of current period.
3. rotary EDM servo method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preset reference value includes
Reference voltage or reference current, voltage max U when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1It is minimum with voltage
Value U2It is respectively set to reference voltage;Current maxima I when will be in discharge condition between conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece1And electric current
Minimum value I2It is respectively set to reference current.
4. rotary EDM servo method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that using preset reference value to working as
Preceding periodic discharging performance data, which is compared processing and obtains comparing data, is specially:By current period gap voltage U with it is default
Reference voltage maximum U1With minimum value U2It is compared to obtain and compares data, the relatively data is U < U2、U2< U < U1Or
U1< U.
5. rotary EDM servo method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the discharging gap-state table
In, each relatively data have one-to-one relationship with each discharge condition, wherein, U < U2Corresponding to short-circuit condition, U2< U < U1It is right
Should be in discharge condition, U1< U correspond to open-circuit condition.
6. a kind of rotary EDM servo-drive system, it is characterised in that the system includes:
Detection module:For the current period flash-over characteristic data being periodically detected between acquisition conductive abrasive wheel and workpiece;
Calculating and comparing module:Compared for being compared processing to current period flash-over characteristic data using preset reference value
Data, call default discharging gap-state table that judgement is identified to the comparison data of acquisition, obtain comparing corresponding to data
Current period spark discharge gap state and its duration;And for utilizing current period spark discharge gap-like
State and its duration calculate the state rate of each discharging gap-state of current period, and utilize default feeding based on the state rate
Corresponding feeding control data is calculated in rule;
Execution module:For according to the feeding mode in feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel next cycle;
Each discharging gap shape that current period is calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration
The state rate of state is specially:Short circuit, electric discharge, open circuit are obtained based on confirmed current period spark discharge gap state respectively
The duration of three kinds of states, and the short circuit ratio of current period, cremate rate, zero load are calculated respectively using the duration
Rate;
It is described it is default feeding rule be:When short circuit ratio >=no-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data is not feed;As short circuit ratio <
No-load ratio, corresponding feeding control data are feeding;
The short-circuit condition of current period and unloaded shape are calculated using current period spark discharge gap state and its duration
Probability of state, compare short circuit ratio and no-load ratio and judged to obtain the comparative result using default feeding rule by comparative result
Corresponding feeding control data;
Each feeding control data of the current period being calculated each period is stored, and enters next cycle in conductive abrasive wheel
The feeding control data of corresponding period is called afterwards, is performed using feeding control data control conductive abrasive wheel in the corresponding period
Corresponding feeding mode.
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