CN103831496A

CN103831496A - Method for machining grooves in shaft

Info

Publication number: CN103831496A
Application number: CN201210471593.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭亚军; 叶茂
Original assignee: SUZHOU SINNOTECH ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: SUZHOU SINNOTECH ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-11-20
Filing date: 2012-11-20
Publication date: 2014-06-04

Abstract

The invention provides a method for machining grooves in a shaft. The method includes the steps of machining the circumferential face of the shaft, machining an outer die sleeve, manufacturing through holes in the outer die sleeve, machining die grooves matched with the required grooves in position and shape in the circumferential walls of the through holes through linear cutting so that protrusions corresponding to the grooves can be formed between the die grooves, enabling the outer die sleeve to be arranged on the shaft in a sleeved mode, and manufacturing the required grooves through electrical discharge machining. According to the method, the grooves can be machined in the shaft under the condition that the shaft can not be clamped or positioned, and the grooves can be machined at a time.

Description

A kind of on axle the method for machined grooves

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of machining, particularly the processing of axial workpiece upper groove.

Background technology

As a rule, for working groove on axial workpiece, need first by after surface of revolution completion of processing, axle is fixed on to required angle, then utilize milling to process groove in the position of needs.If need to, at multiple circumferential position working grooves, need axle successively to turn an angle, thereby process successively needed groove.What therefore, on axle, the processing of multiple grooves normally completed one by one.

Also likely, utilize the multiple milling cutters that are seated in different azimuth to process several grooves simultaneously.But, between each milling cutter, may interact, be unfavorable for the processing of groove.

In addition, some axial workpiece can not use fixture to grip after processing the surface of revolution, also cannot machined grooves.

The galvanic action ablation conductive material that spark machined produces can utilize the two interpolar pulsed discharge being immersed in working solution time.Carry out electrical spark working man-hour, tool-electrode and workpiece connect respectively the two poles of the earth of the pulse power, and immerse in working solution, or working solution is filled with to discharging gap.By gap automatic controlling system tool-electrode, to workpiece feeding, in the time that two interelectrode gaps reach certain distance, the pulse voltage applying on two electrodes punctures working solution, produces spark discharge.

Instantaneous concentrated a large amount of heat energy in the micro-channel of electric discharge, temperature can be up to more than 10,000 degrees Celsius, pressure also has sharply variation, thereby make the metal material of the local trace of this point working surface melt at once, gasify, and explosion type be splashed in working solution, condensation rapidly, the metal particle of formation solid, is taken away by working solution.At this moment on surface of the work, just stay next small pit vestige, of short duration the resting of discharging, between two electrodes, working solution recovers state of insulation.And then, another some place that next pulse voltage approaches relatively at two electrodes again punctures, and produces spark discharge, repeats said process.Like this, although the amount of metal of each pulsed discharge ablation is few, there are thousands of subpulse discharge process because of per second, just can the more metal of ablation, there is certain productivity ratio.Under the condition in constant discharge gap between retaining tool electrode and workpiece, ablation workpiece metal on one side, makes tool-electrode constantly to workpiece feeding on one side, finally just processes the shape corresponding with tool-electrode shape and comes.Therefore, need only the relative motion mode between shape and tool-electrode and the workpiece that changes tool-electrode, just can process the profile of various complexity.

The conventional electric conductivity of tool-electrode is good, fusing point is higher, the material of resistance to galvanic corrosion of easy processing, as copper, graphite, copper-tungsten and molybdenum etc.In process, tool-electrode is also lossy, but is less than the ablation amount of workpiece metal, even close to lossless.Working solution is as discharge medium, also plays the effects such as cooling, chip removal in process.Conventional working solution is that viscosity is lower, flash-point is higher, the medium of stable performance, as kerosene, deionized water and emulsion etc.

According to the form of tool-electrode and and workpiece between the feature of relative motion, spark machined mode can be divided into five classes: utilize shaping jig electrode, workpiece is done the spark-erosion sinking processing of simple feed motion relatively; Utilize axially movable wire to make tool-electrode, workpiece is made orbiting motion by required form and size, to cut the Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining of conductive material; Utilize wire or shaping conductive abrasive wheel to make tool-electrode, carry out the electric spark grinding of aperture grinding or plunge grinding; For the electric spark conjugation revolution processing of machining screw ring gauge, plug thread gauge, gear etc.; The processing of other kinds such as aperture processing, mint-mark, surface alloying, surface peening.

Spark machined can be processed material and the complex-shaped workpieces that conventional machining processes method is difficult to cutting; Add man-hour without cutting force; Do not produce the defect such as burr and tool marks rill; Tool-electrode material need not be harder than workpiece material; Directly use electric energy processing, be convenient to realize automation; Processing rear surface produces metamorphic layer, must further remove in some applications; The smog pollution producing in the purification of working solution and processing is processed cumbersome.The processing that is mainly used in of spark machined has the type hole of complicated shape and mould and the part of die cavity; Process various hard, crisp materials, as carbide alloy and hardened steel etc.; Process dark pore, irregularly-shaped hole, deep trouth, narrow slit and dicing sheet etc.; Process instrument and the measurers such as various forming tools, model and ring screw gauge.

Wire EDM is called for short line cutting, and as shown in Figure 1, wire electrode 1 moves with certain speed its operation principle on drum barrel 2, and the workpiece 3 being contained on platen does forming moving by predetermined control track with respect to wire electrode by workbench.One utmost point of the pulse power connects workpiece 3, another utmost point receiving electrode silk 1.Between workpiece 1 and wire electrode 3, always keep certain discharging gap and spray working solution, the spark discharge between electrode loses certain gap, and continuously pulsed discharge has just cut out the workpiece of required form and size.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is cannot clamping position axle time, on axle, to process groove.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A method for machined grooves on axle, comprising: the side face of machining shaft; Processing outer die casing, is included in and on outer die casing, makes through hole, and utilizes the die cavity of line cutting processing and required groove orientation and form fit on the perisporium of this through hole, thereby between die cavity, forms the projection corresponding with groove; And outer die casing is set on axle, utilize the required groove of electric discharge processing and fabricating.

Wherein, this outer die casing is copper sheathing, and described through hole is circular hole.

Wherein, described projection is consistent with orientation and the shape of groove.

Technique effect of the present invention is: can on axle, process groove cannot be to axle clamping position in the situation that; Can time processing plurality of grooves.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of line cutting.

Fig. 2 is the part that needs processing in one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is the machining tool adopting in one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that utilizes the instrument shown in Fig. 3 to process.

Fig. 5 is the process schematic diagram of the inventive method.

Detailed description of the invention

As shown in Figure 1, need to be on axial workpiece 10 when machined grooves 12.Due to the completion of processing of side face of axle, be difficult to location so be difficult to be in a fixed position with chuck clamping, also just can not adopt the method for traditional Milling Process.

For this reason, in method of the present invention, need to carry out the groove on machining shaft with special outer die casing.Fig. 2 illustrates in one embodiment, and this outer die casing is a copper sheathing 30, and it is configured to cube.This copper sheathing 30 is wherein provided with through hole 32.This through hole 32 can form by boring or Milling Process.

After processing through hole 32, utilize wire cutting method on the perisporium of through hole 32, process with axle 10 on groove 12 orientation and the die cavity 34 of form fit, thereby form several projections 36.The orientation of these projections 36 is consistent with shape and this groove 12.

As shown in Figure 3, by the copper sheathing completing 30 be enclosed within undressed go out on the axle 10 of groove 12, utilize discharge process to process groove 12 with protruding 36 corresponding positions on axle 10.

Although in embodiments of the invention, copper sheathing is described as to cube, but such copper sheathing can be also other shapes, for example six prisms or triangular prism etc., or be suitable for other shapes of practical application.In the above-described embodiment, although copper sheathing is made of copper, but in other embodiments or according in practical situations, if processing conditions allows, also can be made by other metals.

As shown in Figure 5, the process of method 100 of the present invention comprises the steps:

Step 110, the side face of machining shaft;

Step 120, processing outer die casing, wherein:

Step 122 is made through hole on outer die casing;

Step 124, utilizes line to cut the die cavity of processing with required groove orientation and form fit on the perisporium of this through hole, thereby between die cavity, forms the projection corresponding with groove;

Step 130, is set in outer die casing on axle, utilizes the required groove of electric discharge processing and fabricating.

In the step of method described above, step 110 is in order clearly to describe with the sequence number of step 120, instead of the side face of restriction machining shaft and the order of processing outer die casing.But, can carry out according to step 110 and step 120 simultaneously, also can select any first to carry out.

Although the present invention describes according to its preferred embodiment, there is the change, displacement and the various substitute equivalents that fall in the scope of the invention.Here the example providing is only illustrative, instead of limitation of the present invention.

For the sake of simplicity, this description has omitted the description to known technology.

Claims

1. a method for machined grooves on axle, is characterized in that, the method comprises:

The side face of machining shaft;

Processing outer die casing, comprising: on outer die casing, make through hole; And, utilize line to cut the die cavity of processing with required groove orientation and form fit on the perisporium of this through hole, thereby between die cavity, form the projection corresponding with groove;

Outer die casing is set on axle, utilizes the required groove of electric discharge processing and fabricating.

According to claim 1 on axle the method for machined grooves, it is characterized in that, this outer die casing is copper sheathing, described through hole is circular hole.

According to claim 1 and 2 on axle the method for machined grooves, it is characterized in that, described projection is consistent with orientation and the shape of groove.