CN106110259B - 治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂,包括主药、基质、背衬基料和防粘膜,其特征在于,所述的主药由如下重量份数的原料制成:肉桂10~20份、吴茱萸10~20份、丁香8~15份、白芷8~15份、细辛8~10份、川椒8~10份、生姜8~10份。本发明还公开了上述治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂的制备方法。本发明充分发挥药物准确有效地作用于经络、腧穴,使其有效性和可靠性得以确认和提高。因此,本发明疗效好,使用更清洁、方便,使之具有强大生命力,定会有广泛的市场前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药巴布剂及其制备方法,属于中医中药技术领域。
背景技术
脾肾阳虚指脾肾阳气亏虚,温化失职,虚寒内生,以久泻久痢、浮肿、腰腹冷痛及阳虚症状为主要表现的证。多因久病,耗伤脾肾之阳;或久泻久痢,脾阳损伤,不能充养肾阳;或水邪久居,肾阳受损,不能温暖脾阳,终至脾阳、肾阳俱虚。
肾阳亏虚,温煦失职,则腰膝、下腹冷痛;脾阳虚落,运化失常,故久泄不止;命门火衰,阴寒凝滞,故黎明前腹痛泄泻,完谷不化,便质清冷,而称为“五更泻”;脾肾阳虚,不能温化水液,泛溢肌肤,故久病浮肿,小便不利;阳虚不能温煦全身,则形寒肢冷;阳虚水汽上犯,故面色晄白。舌质淡,苔白滑,脉沉池无力皆虚寒证常见之征。
脾为后天之本,肾为先天之本。脾主运化水谷精微,须借助肾阳的温煦,肾脏精气亦有赖于水谷精微的不断补充与化生。脾与肾,后天与先天是相互资生、相互影响的。《医宗必读·虚劳》:"……脾肾者,水为万物之元,土为万物之母,两脏安和,一身皆治,百疾不生。夫脾具土德,脾安则肾愈安也。肾兼水火,肾安则水不挟肝上泛而凌土湿,火能益土运行而化精微,故肾安则脾愈安也。"脾肾阳虚常见于泄泻、痢疾、水肿、鼓胀、肾风,以及西医的慢性肠胃炎、慢性肾炎等疾病。
穴位贴敷疗法就是通过中药对皮肤腧穴的刺激,发挥经络系统整体调节作用而调和阴阳、扶正祛邪、疏通经络,达到治疗疾病的目的。中医穴位贴敷疗法根据药物的四气五味、升降沉浮和作用归经,通过这些属性来祛除病邪,消除病因,纠正阴阳的偏盛偏衰,恢复脏腑的功能协调而发挥治疗作用。辨证用药,使之在病体的相应穴位进行吸收,进入体液,通过经脉气血输布五脏六腑、四肢九窍,进而发挥其药理作用。即药物气味入于皮腠、腧穴,继之入于孙脉、络脉,进而入经脉,随气血运行,内达于脏腑,散布于全身,从而发挥药物的治疗作用。
巴布剂是将药材提取物或化学药物熔解、混合于天然或合成水溶性高分子材料基质中,滩涂在背衬材料上,供贴敷于皮肤的外用制剂,经透皮吸收起到全身作用或局部作用。巴布剂在上世纪70年代首先由日本研制成功,近年来,随着国内外药剂学术及其应用的迅速发展,经皮给药系统所独特具有的用药简便性和安全性使它成为21世纪药品开发中最引人注目的领域之一。不同于西医内病外治(指采用化学药物进行对症治疗,主要根据皮肤通透性而定,以经皮给药系统为代表),中医内病外治是指在中医理论指导下,依据辨证与辨病相结合的方法,采用中药穴位或病位给药,主要通过穴位经络效应与透皮吸收的药理作用,以膏剂、贴剂为代表剂型。中国的穴位、经络博大精深,源远流长,在面对当今药源性疾病问题日益突出的情况下,中医外治法受到越来越多国内外专家学者的重视。
针对脾肾阳虚,现有治疗方法辨证施治、治疗原则:温补脾肾。代表方剂:真武汤、附子理中汤。常用中药:附子、白芍、白术、干姜、茯苓、桂枝、党参、炙甘草等。服用汤剂药物为传统的治疗方法,煎煮工艺比较繁琐,本身口服药物,也有一定的药物副作用。目前现有贴敷方法:是将已制好的散剂、糊剂、泥剂或浸膏剂药物置于胶布粘面正中,然后对准腧穴进行粘贴。对胶布过敏者,可选用低过敏胶带或用绷带固定贴敷药物。目前临床使用的敷贴不能长期保存或运输,安全性也差。据临床观察研究,目前临床使用的穴位贴敷一般药物吸收慢,吸收速度不均匀,同时药物的剂量由操作者掌控,极易由于剂量的偏差,以及药物与皮肤的黏黏度不够,从而影响疗效。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂。
本发明还要解决的技术问题是提供上述巴布剂的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂,包括主药、基质、背衬基料和防粘膜,所述的主药由如下重量份数的原料制成:肉桂10~20份、吴茱萸10~20份、丁香8~15份、白芷8~15份、细辛8~10份、川椒8~10份、生姜8~10份。
其中,所述的1次疗程主药优选由如下重量份数的原料制成:肉桂20份、吴茱萸20份、丁香15份、白芷15份、细辛10份、川椒10份、生姜10份。
其中,所述的1次疗程主药最优选由如下原料制成:肉桂4克、吴茱萸4克、丁香3克、白芷3克、细辛2克、川椒2克、生姜2克。
其中,所述的基质为医用热熔胶。
上述治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)主药的制备:
取配方量的肉桂、吴茱萸、丁香、白芷、细辛、川椒,分别经烘干、粉碎、过80~120目筛,混匀成生药粉备用;
将配方量的生姜洗净,粉碎,三层无菌纱布挤压取汁,可加适量蒸馏水使姜汁的体积百分含量在50%~100%之间。
将生药粉和生姜汁按比例为80~150g∶8~15ml搅拌混匀;
(2)巴布剂的制备:
基质制备:称取医用热溶胶适量,加热至40℃~60℃使溶解,搅拌20~40min;取80~150g的主药与8~15ml基质,40℃~60℃使溶解,搅拌均匀成干稠膏状,取0.5g稠膏涂布于无纺布上,厚度为1mm,冷却剂可,覆盖聚乙烯薄膜,包装即得。
步骤(1)中,生药粉和生姜汁按比例为100g∶10ml搅拌混匀。
步骤(2)中,称取医用热溶胶适量,加热至50℃使溶解。
步骤(2)中,取100g的主药与10ml基质,50℃使溶解。
步骤(2)中,所述的无纺布为高质量无纺布,无纺布上设有贴敷圈,用于涂覆药物,无纺布上与人体贴合的一面设有黏胶层,所述的黏胶层采用日本特有优质压敏胶涂层,粘结牢固,绝不污损衣物,对皮肤无任何损伤。
上述治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂在制备治疗脾肾阳虚症状药物中的应用。
优选的是,所述的治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂配合口服中药制剂联合使用。
所述的口服中药制剂按如下方法制备:
方剂组成:太子参10g、白术10g、茯苓10g、淮山药15g、薏苡仁30g、甘草3g、白扁豆10g、陈皮10g、防风10g、白芍15g、附子5g、炮姜3g、神曲15g(每剂药量)。中药煎煮方法:(1)选用砂锅加水冷浸1h左右,头煎加水量以浸泡后高出药面2~3cm为宜,二煎加水至药面即可。(2)浸泡后中药选用武火(大火)煎沸后,改用文火(小火)煎煮30分钟,保持微沸状态并适当搅拌。每剂药需煎煮两次,二煎煮沸后20分钟,汤剂煎好后,合并两次煎液。
本发明的中药巴布剂可以将药物气味入于皮腠、腧穴,继之入于孙脉、络脉,进而入经脉,随气血运行,内达于脏腑,散布于全身,能起到发挥了经络腧穴对人体的调节功能。可以达到调节脏腑气血阴阳、扶正祛邪、培元益气、暖脾益肾、温肾补阳、治疗炎症、缓解疼痛等作用。治疗病种涉及各种脾肾阳虚疾病。
本发明的中药巴布剂使用方法:
(1)使用之前将真空包装外袋撕开。
(2)撕开外袋,取出内袋,剥离后面的衬纸,贴在人体的肩部、背部、腰部、胃部及相关关节穴位处,黏胶层直接贴于人体皮肤上,用手铺平即可。
(3)使用完后,从皮肤上轻轻撕下即可,绝不污损皮肤及衣物。
本发明的中药巴布剂的使用注意事项:
(1)小儿、孕妇慎用。
(2)糖尿病、血友病、严重心肝肾功能障碍者慎用。艾滋病、结核病或其他传染病者慎用。
(3)贴敷局部皮肤有创伤、溃疡、感染或有较严重的皮肤病者,应禁止贴敷。
(4)贴敷期间禁食生冷、油腻及辛辣等刺激性食物。
(5)对胶布过敏者
(6)贴敷后局部皮肤出现发红、微痒及烧灼感,应揭去贴敷药。
(7)穴位贴敷请在专业人员(医生)指导下应用。
有益效果:本发明将贴敷药物制作成巴布剂使用,增强贴敷药物与经穴皮肤接触作用的粘附力及作用时间,除了能增强贴敷药物功效,同时药物气味入于皮腠、腧穴,继之入于孙脉、络脉,进而入经脉,随气血运行,内达于脏腑,散布于全身,能起到发挥了经络腧穴对人体的调节功能。本发明主要针对各类寒症,可以达到调节脏腑气血阴阳、扶正祛邪、培元益气;暖脾益肾、温肾补阳;养筋荣脉、宣导气血、疏通经络、逐寒祛湿、消痹止痛;活血化淤,温经止痛、治疗炎症、缓解疼痛等作用。
本发明制备得到的巴布剂适应症广,疗效显著;操作安全,容易掌握。将中药结合运用巴布剂技术,为广大患者提供一种符合现代医学,内病外治,无药物副作用,无胃肠道刺激,使用安全方便简单,应用广泛,不影响患者日常生活和工作的环保绿色产品。目前市面上还没有同类产品。独特的中药组成配方、产品的牢固性、持续透皮吸收是我们的特色,是典型的绿色环保医疗手段,是医务人员的好助手,可以做到全面治疗疾病及防病保健的作用。
本发明的巴布剂具有如下优势:
(1)贴敷舒适;
(2)成分均匀,剂量准确,易于吸收;
(3)载药量大、将中药作用充分发挥;
(4)生产无“三废”,完全避免了使用有机溶剂;
(5)不需要加热干燥,有利于药物稳定和保持挥发成分;
(6)对皮肤几无刺激性及致敏性;
(7)基质含水、甘油、山梨醇等保湿成分,具有滋润皮肤、促进皮肤水化,有利吸收;
(8)易于保存与运输,安全性高。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员容易理解,实施例所描述的内容仅用于说明本发明,而不应当也不会限制权利要求书中所详细描述的本发明。
实施例1:
一种治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂,包括主药、基质、背衬基料和防粘膜,所述的主药由如下重量份数的原料制成:肉桂20份、吴茱萸20份、丁香15份、白芷15份、细辛10份、川椒10份、生姜10份,所述的基质为医用热熔胶。
上述治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)主药的制备:
取配方量的肉桂、吴茱萸、丁香、白芷、细辛、川椒,分别经烘干、粉碎、过80~120目筛,混匀成生药粉备用;
将配方量的生姜洗净,粉碎,三层无菌纱布挤压取汁。
将生药粉和生姜汁按比例为100g∶10ml搅拌混匀;
(2)巴布剂的制备:
基质制备:称取医用热溶胶适量,加热至50℃使溶解,搅拌20~40min;取100g的主药与10ml基质,50℃使溶解,搅拌均匀成干稠膏状,取0.5g稠膏涂布于无纺布的贴敷圈内上,厚度为1mm,冷却剂可,覆盖聚乙烯薄膜,包装即得。
实施例2:
一种治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂,包括主药、基质、背衬基料和防粘膜,所述的主药由如下重量份数的原料制成:肉桂10份、吴茱萸10份、丁香8份、白芷8份、细辛8份、川椒8份、生姜8份,所述的基质为医用热熔胶。
上述治疗脾肾阳虚症状的中药巴布剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)主药的制备:
取配方量的肉桂、吴茱萸、丁香、白芷、细辛、川椒,分别经烘干、粉碎、过80~120目筛,混匀成生药粉备用;
将配方量的生姜洗净,粉碎,三层无菌纱布挤压取汁,加适量蒸馏水使姜汁的体积百分含量在80%。
将生药粉和生姜汁按比例为150g∶15ml搅拌混匀;
(2)巴布剂的制备:
基质制备:称取医用热溶胶适量,加热至60℃使溶解,搅拌20~40min;取150g的主药与15ml基质,60℃使溶解,搅拌均匀成干稠膏状,取0.5g稠膏涂布于无纺布的贴敷圈内,厚度为1mm,冷却剂可,覆盖聚乙烯薄膜,包装即得。
实施例3:
[方解]
方中肉桂,大辛、大热,温暖脾胃,助阳祛寒;吴茱萸,辛、苦,性热,入肝、肾、脾、胃经,上可温胃散寒,下可温暖肝肾,又能降逆止呕,两药诸经并治,共为君药。丁香和白芷味辛性热,温脾胃,助命火,散寒止痛,温补中虚,温中以散阴寒,为臣药。佐以细辛和川椒,辛、温,归心、肺、肾经,均可解表散寒,祛风止痛,通窍,温肺。生姜汁乃呕家圣药,温胃散寒,降逆止呕,与上述药物调和使用,相须为用,温降并行,针对寒症病机颇为恰当。此方诸药配伍合用,共奏温补肾阳、散寒止痛之效。
[配伍特点]
本方肺、脾、胃、肝、肾经同治,温、降、补三法并施,以温补为主。
[实验报告]
现列举使用实施例1制备得到的巴布剂贴临床使用效果,实验报告如下:
(1)基本资料:
本研究选2015年03月至2016年03月我院收治的脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻患者共200例,共纳入符合标准的脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻患者200例,随机分为试验组100例和对照组100例。试验组男性45例(45.o%),女性55例(55.0%),年龄25~70岁,平均年龄(64.20±7.10)岁,平均病程(19.63±2.42)月。对照组男性49例(49.o%),女性51例(51.0%),年龄25~70岁,平均年龄(60.20±5.10)岁,平均病程(18.63±2.42)月。两组资料经统计学处理,两组患者在年龄、病程比较,均无统计学差异(P〉0.05),具有可比性。
(2)纳入标准:(参照《中医症候诊断治疗学》)
中医辩证符合脾肾阳虚的患者,具有以下症状(包含主症及次症四项及以上者,每一症候积分为1分):
主症:形寒肢冷,面色晄白,腰膝酸软,腹中冷痛,久泻久痢,五更泄泻,下利清谷。
次症:小便不利、肢体浮肿,甚则腹胀如鼓;或见小便频数,余沥不尽,或夜尿频多。
舌淡胖或边有齿痕,舌苔白滑,脉沉细无力。
(3)试验方法:
纳入时试验组和对照组每位患者的中医主症及次症症候积分相加,得出治疗前总症候积分,观察1个疗程,再次评估试验组和对照组每位患者的中医症候积分,再次得出治疗后总症候积分,将前后两组症候积分进行对比。
对照组进行口服中药治疗,方剂组成:太子参10g、白术10g、茯苓10g、淮山药15g、薏苡仁30g、甘草3g、白扁豆10g、陈皮10g、防风10g、白芍15g、附子5g、炮姜3g、神曲15g(每剂药量)。中药煎煮方法:(1)选用砂锅加水冷浸1h左右,头煎加水量以浸泡后高出药面2~3cm为宜,二煎加水至药面即可。(2)浸泡后中药选用武火(大火)煎沸后,改用文火(小火)煎煮30分钟,保持微沸状态并适当搅拌。每剂药需煎煮两次,二煎煮沸后20分钟,汤剂煎好后,合并两次煎液,混匀后分上下午两次服用,连续服用1个疗程(四周为一个疗程),试验组患者在对照组基础上,连续使用本产品,贴敷时间为1个疗程,每次15个穴位(神阙、中脘、气海、关元、天枢*2、大肠俞*2、脾俞*2、胃俞*2、肾俞*2、命门),持续贴敷6h,每周2次,四周为一个疗程,比较使用1个疗程后的效果。
(4)疗效评定标准:(参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则(试行)》和《中医证候诊断治疗学》拟定。)
评定量表疗效评定标准
临床治愈:临床症状、体征消失或基本消失,积分减少≥95%;
显效:临床症状均明显改善,症状积分减少≥70%;
有效:临床症状有好转,状症积分减少≥30%;
无效:临床症状无明显变化,症状积分减少<30%。
注:采用尼莫地平法,
计算公式为:[(治疗前积分-治疗后积分)÷治疗前积分]×100%
(5)结果:
试验组使用中药巴布剂进行穴位敷贴人数为100人次,平均连续使用时间为1个疗程,比较使用1个疗程后试验组与对照组的效果。
表1两组患者使用前后症候积分情况比较结果
表2两组患者使用情况比较结果
试验组使用本发明巴布剂敷贴主症及次症症候积分教前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)(表1);试验组使用本发明巴布剂敷贴总有效率达88%,治愈率达38%,对照组总有效率达70%,治愈率达11%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)(表2),结果表明使用本发明巴布剂敷贴总体效果明显高于对照组。
Claims (9)
1.一种治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂,包括主药、基质、背衬基料和防粘膜,其特征在于,所述的主药由如下重量份数的原料制成:肉桂10~20份、吴茱萸10~20份、丁香8~15份、白芷8~15份、细辛8~10份、川椒8~10份、生姜8~10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂,其特征在于,所述的1次疗程主药由如下重量份数的原料制成:肉桂20份、吴茱萸20份、丁香15份、白芷15份、细辛10份、川椒10份、生姜10份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂,其特征在于,所述的1次疗程主药由如下原料制成:肉桂4克、吴茱萸4克、丁香3克、白芷3克、细辛2克、川椒2克、生姜2克。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂,其特征在于,所述的基质为医用热熔胶。
5.权利要求1所述的治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)主药的制备:
取配方量的肉桂、吴茱萸、丁香、白芷、细辛、川椒,分别经烘干、粉碎、过80~120目筛,混匀成生药粉备用;
将配方量的生姜洗净,粉碎,三层无菌纱布挤压取汁;
将生药粉和生姜汁按比例为80~150g∶8~15ml搅拌混匀;
(2)巴布剂的制备:
基质制备:称取医用热溶胶适量,加热至40℃~60℃使溶解,搅拌20~40min;取80~150g的主药与8~15ml基质,40℃~60℃使溶解,搅拌均匀成干稠膏状,取0.5g稠膏涂布于无纺布上,厚度为1mm,冷却即可,覆盖聚乙烯薄膜,包装即得。
6.根据权利要求5所述的治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂的制备方法,步骤(1)中,生药粉和生姜汁按比例为100g∶10ml搅拌混匀。
7.根据权利要求5所述的治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂的制备方法,步骤(2)中,称取医用热溶胶适量,加热至50℃使溶解。
8.根据权利要求5所述的治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂的制备方法,步骤(2)中,取100g的主药与10ml基质,50℃使溶解。
9.权利要求1所述的治疗脾肾阳虚慢性泄泻症状的中药巴布剂在制备治疗脾肾阳虚症状药物中的应用。
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