CN106108031A - Garlic skin dietary fiber and high temperature steaming thereof and enzymolysis modified technology of preparing and application - Google Patents
Garlic skin dietary fiber and high temperature steaming thereof and enzymolysis modified technology of preparing and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106108031A CN106108031A CN201610526121.9A CN201610526121A CN106108031A CN 106108031 A CN106108031 A CN 106108031A CN 201610526121 A CN201610526121 A CN 201610526121A CN 106108031 A CN106108031 A CN 106108031A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention discloses garlic skin dietary fiber and high temperature steaming thereof and enzymolysis modified technology of preparing and application, it relates to processing of agriculture product technical field.Mainly comprise the steps that Cortex Bulbus Allii through remove impurity, be dried, pulverize, pretreatment of sieving, it is then passed through high temperature steaming and carries out dissolution modification, rotate with evaporating, concentrating and drying, again with alpha amylase, protease and glycosidase carry out enzymolysis successively, finally being centrifuged, precipitate with ethanol, taking precipitate is dried the garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber i.e. prepared in the present invention.The present invention first carried out high temperature steaming process, energy softening fibre tissue before enzymolysis prepares water soluble dietary fiber, promoted the most insoluble cellulose, and hemicellulose is converted into soluble component, is effectively improved soluble dietary fibre content, thus improves its physiologically active.Water soluble dietary fiber prepared by this method can effectively facilitate the growth of probiotics breeding in intestinal, maintains the environmental health of intestinal, turns waste into wealth, greatly improve the value of garlic skin.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to deep-processing technical field of agricultural products, refer in particular to utilize Cortex Bulbus Allii for raw material, use high temperature steaming technology
After process, associating enzymolysis prepares garlic skin modified dietary fiber.
Background technology:
Owing to living standard improves constantly, food mouthfeel is required more and more higher by people, and food is more and more smartly processed
Carefully, the function nutrition factor of a lot of foods itself is destroyed in food processing process or abandons, thus causes the chronicest
The sickness rate of disease such as " modern civilization diseases " constantly raises, and such as dietary fiber, nowadays dietary fiber becomes academia with common
The common people pay close attention to material, and by nutrition educational circles supplement regard as the 7th class nutrient, and six traditional class cardiotrophin proteins
Matter, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin, mineral are arranged side by side with water.Dietary fiber refers to not inhaled by human consumption in small intestinal
Receive, but the class carbohydrate that partly or entirely can ferment in large intestine.Dietary fiber can be divided into solubility by its dissolubility
Dietary fiber (soluble dietary fiber, SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (insoluble dietary fiber,
IDF).Water soluble dietary fiber can play promotion proliferation of intestinal probiotics, blood sugar lowering, regulation blood fat in human body, reduce gallbladder admittedly
The different physiological roles such as alcohol, blood pressure lowering, and insoluble dietary fiber essentially consists in promotion gastrointestinal motility, accelerates food and passes through stomach
Intestinal, reduces and absorbs.
In order to supplement the dietary fiber lacked in diet, particularly water soluble dietary fiber, food processor and food
Product dietician adds the dietary fiber in various sources to food or functional preparation.As CN105104651A discloses one
The preparation method of the balsam pear tea containing water soluble dietary fiber, CN105028889A discloses a kind of Semen sojae atricolor water soluble dietary fiber ice
The preparation method that river in Henan Province drenches, CN105105266A discloses the preparation method of a kind of high dietary-fiber milk beverage, CN105165979A
Disclose moon cake and the processing method of a kind of high Semen sojae atricolor dietary fiber content, CN105105121A disclose a kind of loosening bowel to relieve constipation,
Improving the seaweed diet fiber preparation of gastrointestinal function, CN105124400A discloses a kind of child rich in water soluble dietary fiber
Alimentary paste etc..
China is planting garlic big country, produces the garlic skin by-product of flood tide owing to carrying out Bulbus Allii deep processing, as each in produced
The garlic skin by-product of kind of health care Bulbus Allii goods is (Bulbus Allii bread, Bulbus Allii ice cream, garlic paste, garlic wine, Bulbus Allii soy sauce, Bulbus Allii cake, big
Bulbus Allii health beverage, garlicin etc.), produce the garlic skin by-product (Bulbus Allii powder, Oleum Bulbus Allii) of garlic flavor fresh keeping product, produce containing big
The garlic skin by-product of Bulbus Allii breeding feed, preparation contains external used medicine and the garlic skin by-product etc. of skin care item of Bulbus Allii.Cortex Bulbus Allii is originated
Extensively, low cost, and in garlic skin, dietary fiber content is up to more than 70%, but soluble dietary fibre content is low, therefore by Bulbus Allii
Skin is processed into dietary fiber, and improves its water soluble dietary fiber ratio and have great economic benefit.
Summary of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to use high temperature steaming technical finesse garlic skin, then carry out the modified meals of associating enzyme process preparation fine
Dimension, pretreatment mode is green and combines the efficient efficient combination of mode of action, it is intended to improve garlic skin soluble dietary fibre content,
Promote garlic skin dietary fiber quality, improve added value and the comprehensive utilization ratio of Bulbus Allii.
Garlic skin dietary fiber, its composition is as follows:
The high temperature steaming modification method for preparing of above-mentioned garlic skin dietary fiber, follows the steps below:
(1) remove impurity: remove withered and yellow leaf and other foreign material；
(2) it is dried: garlic skin is placed in 60～80 DEG C of baking ovens 18～24h, after drying to constant weight, pulverizes, cross 60 mesh sieves, system
Obtain garlic skin powder；
(3) high temperature steaming processes: garlic skin powder is added distilled water to solid-liquid ratio is 1:20～1:80g/mL, boiling temperature
Being 100～128 DEG C, digestion time is 20～80min.After steaming and decocting terminates, at temperature is 50～60 DEG C, rotate evaporation and concentration, so
After by concentrated solution lyophilization 24～36h together with residue, pulverize after lyophilizing, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber
A。
The high temperature of above-mentioned garlic skin dietary fiber steams and enzymolysis boils modification method for preparing, follows the steps below:
(1) remove impurity: remove withered and yellow leaf and other foreign material；
(2) it is dried: garlic skin is placed in 60～80 DEG C of baking ovens 18～24h, after drying to constant weight, pulverizes, cross 60 mesh sieves, system
Obtain garlic skin powder；
(3) high temperature steaming processes: garlic skin powder is added distilled water to solid-liquid ratio is 1:20～1:80g/mL, boiling temperature
Being 100～128 DEG C, digestion time is 20～80min.After steaming and decocting terminates, at temperature is 50～60 DEG C, rotate evaporation and concentration, so
After by concentrated solution lyophilization 24～36h together with residue, pulverize after lyophilizing, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber
A；
(4) associating enzymolysis processing: modified garlic skin dietary fiber A step (3) obtained is placed in high foot beaker, according to material
Liquor ratio 1:40g/mL adds MES-TRIS buffer solution, is that 1:50g/ μ L adds high temperature resistant α starch according to substrate and enzyme solid-liquid ratio
Enzyme, covers masking foil, water-bath 35min in the water-bath that temperature is 95 DEG C, and reaction terminates to be placed in by beaker immediately the water of 60 DEG C
In bath, after solution is cooled to 60 DEG C, it is that 1:100g/ μ L adds alkaline protease continuation reaction according to substrate and enzyme solid-liquid ratio
30min, after this enzymolysis process completes, adds 3mol/L acetic acid solution, by 10mol/L NaOH solution at enzymolysis solution in beaker
Temperature regulates solution ph to 1.5 under the conditions of being 60 DEG C, be finally that 1:50g/ μ L adds saccharifying enzyme according to substrate and enzyme solid-liquid ratio,
60 DEG C of water-bath 30min, so far enzymolysis process terminates, and obtains enzymolysis solution；
(5) centrifugal: step (4) to be obtained enzymolysis solution centrifugal 20min in the centrifuge of 5000 × g, takes supernatant；
(6) precipitate with ethanol: supernatant step (5) obtained is preheated to according to supernatant and ethanol volume ratio 1:4 (v/v) interpolation
The dehydrated alcohol of 60 DEG C, room temperature stands 1h, and then centrifugal 5min in the centrifuge of 5000 × g, prepares precipitate；
(7) washing: the precipitation lyophilizing 24～36h step (6) obtained, prepares modified garlic skin dietary fiber B.
Wherein the MES-TRIS Buffer Solution in Measurement in step (4) is as follows: weigh 19.52g 2-(N-morpholino) second
Alkyl sulfonic acid and 12.2g trishydroxymethylaminomethane, dissolve with 1.7L distilled water, adjusts pH to 8.2 with 6mol/L sodium hydroxide, adds water
It is diluted to 2L.
The application of above-mentioned garlic skin dietary fiber, can suppress the absorption of lead ion in food.
Advantage for present invention is:
The present invention uses high temperature steaming technical finesse garlic skin, and the garlic skin soluble dietary fibre content after processing steaming and decocting is entered
Row research, its content reaches 11.54%, and without the garlic skin of high temperature steaming process, soluble dietary fibre content is only
5.31%, and the garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber lighter color obtained, good water absorption, non-oxidizability is strong, is a kind of high-quality meals
Fiber.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail, but the embodiment of invention is not
It is limited to this.
Detailed description of the invention
Reference examples: do not carry out high temperature steaming process.Weigh garlic skin powder 1g to be placed in 100mL height foot beaker, add 40mL
PH be 8.2 MES-TRIS buffer and 50 μ L Thermostable α-Amylase carry out for the first time enzymolysis, reaction condition is: hydrolysis temperature
95 DEG C, enzymolysis time 35min, beaker is immediately placed in the water-bath of 60 DEG C, after solution is cooled to 60 DEG C after terminating by reaction
Add 100 μ L alkaline proteases 60 DEG C of water-bath 30min of continuation and carry out second time enzymolysis, treat that second time enzymolysis terminates, to burning
Add 3mol/L acetic acid solution 5mL in Bei, under the conditions of enzymolysis solution temperature is 60 DEG C, regulate solution by 10mol/L NaOH solution
PH value is to 1.5, and the glycosidase 60 DEG C of water-bath 30min of continuation finally adding 50 μ L carry out third time enzymolysis, by three enzyme digestion reactions knots
Enzymolysis solution after bundle is centrifugal 20min in the centrifuge of 5000 × g, takes supernatant, according to supernatant and ethanol volume ratio 1:4
(v/v) interpolation is preheated to the dehydrated alcohol of 60 DEG C, and room temperature is centrifuged 5min with 5000 × g after standing 1h and removes supernatant, by precipitate
Lyophilization 36h obtains garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber finished product.After measured, the content of garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber is
5.31%.
Embodiment 1: after high temperature steaming processes garlic skin, associating enzymolysis prepares garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber.Weigh garlic skin former
Material powder 10g, in triangular flask, is that 1:20g/mL adds distilled water 200mL, at height after stirring with Glass rod by solid-liquid ratio
Carrying out cooking test in temperature autoclave, conditions of cooking is: digestion time 20min, boiling temperature 121 DEG C, and steaming and decocting terminates to prepare steaming
Boil liquid, cooking liquor is rotated at 60 DEG C evaporation and concentration and prepares concentrated solution to original 1/3, then by concentrated solution lyophilization
36h, pulverizes, and crosses 60 mesh sieves, prepares modified garlic skin dietary fiber A, and the content of water soluble dietary fiber is 10.02%, then enters
The most same reference examples of row enzymolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis condition and subsequent operation, prepares modified garlic skin dietary fiber B, after measured, garlic skin solubility meals
The content of food fiber is 10.67%.
Embodiment 2: process of the test is with embodiment 1, and it is not all solid-liquid ratio is 1:40g/mL.Prepare modified garlic skin meals fine
Dimension B, after measured, the content of garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber is 11.84%.
Embodiment 3: process of the test is with embodiment 1, and it is not all solid-liquid ratio is 1:60g/mL.Prepare modified garlic skin meals fine
Dimension B, after measured, the content of garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber is 12.55%.
Embodiment 4: process of the test is with embodiment 1, and it is not all solid-liquid ratio is 1:80g/mL.Prepare modified garlic skin meals fine
Dimension B, after measured, the content of garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber is 12.27%.
Embodiment 5: after high temperature steaming processes garlic skin, enzymolysis prepares garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber.Weigh garlic skin raw material powder
End 10g, in triangular flask, is that 1:60g/mL adds distilled water 600mL, at high temperature after stirring with glass according to solid-liquid ratio
Carrying out cooking test in autoclave, conditions of cooking is: digestion time 20min, boiling temperature 100 DEG C, and steaming and decocting terminates to prepare steaming and decocting
Liquid, rotates cooking liquor evaporation and concentration at 60 DEG C and prepares concentrated solution to original 1/3, then by concentrated solution lyophilization 36h,
Pulverizing, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber A, the content of water soluble dietary fiber is 9.07%, then carries out enzyme
Solving, enzymatic hydrolysis condition and the most same reference examples of subsequent operation, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber B, after measured, garlic skin soluble dietary is fine
The content of dimension is 9.17%.
Embodiment 6: process of the test is with embodiment 5, and its different boiling temperatures are 110 DEG C.Prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber
B, after measured, the content of garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber is 11.25%.
Embodiment 7: process of the test is with embodiment 5, and its different boiling temperatures are 128 DEG C.Prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber
B, after measured, the content of garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber is 13.02%.
Embodiment 8: after high temperature steaming processes garlic skin, enzymolysis prepares garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber.Weigh garlic skin raw material powder
End 10g, in triangular flask, is that 1:60g/mL adds distilled water 600mL, at high temperature after stirring with glass according to solid-liquid ratio
Carrying out cooking test in autoclave, conditions of cooking is: digestion time 40min, boiling temperature 121 DEG C, and steaming and decocting terminates to prepare steaming and decocting
Liquid, rotates cooking liquor evaporation and concentration at 60 DEG C and prepares concentrated solution to original 1/3, then by concentrated solution lyophilization 36h,
Pulverizing, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber A, the content of water soluble dietary fiber is 13.40%, then carries out enzyme
Solving, enzymatic hydrolysis condition and the most same reference examples of subsequent operation, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber B, after measured, garlic skin soluble dietary is fine
The content of dimension is 11.03%.
Embodiment 9: process of the test is with embodiment 8, and it is not all digestion time is 60min.Prepare modified garlic skin meals fine
Dimension B, after measured, the content of garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber is 11.54%.
Embodiment 10: process of the test is with embodiment 8, and it is not all digestion time is 80min.Prepare modified garlic skin meals fine
Dimension B, after measured, the content of garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber is 13.93%.
Embodiment 11: after high temperature steaming processes garlic skin, enzymolysis prepares garlic skin water soluble dietary fiber.Weigh garlic skin raw material powder
End 10g, in triangular flask, is that 1:60g/mL adds distilled water 600mL, at high temperature after stirring with glass according to solid-liquid ratio
Carrying out cooking test in autoclave, conditions of cooking is: digestion time 60min, boiling temperature 128 DEG C, and steaming and decocting terminates to prepare steaming and decocting
Liquid, rotates cooking liquor evaporation and concentration at 60 DEG C and prepares concentrated solution to original 1/3, then by concentrated solution lyophilization 36h,
Pulverize, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber A, then carry out enzymolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis condition and subsequent operation all with comparison
Example, prepared modified garlic skin dietary fiber B, after measured, its composition such as following table 1.0:
Table 1.0 basis table
Test example 1: the influence research that lead ion in rat body is absorbed and is distributed in the tissue by garlic skin dietary fiber
1.1.1 test material
5 week old male SD rats by Jiangsu University animal experimental center provide (quality certification is numbered: NO.201601301), with
Machine is distributed into 10 groups, often group 6；
Feedstuff, according to isocaloric principle, by animal feed of increasing income (Changzhou) company limited processing and fabricating, is divided into 10 groups, raises
Material component list is as shown in table 1.1；Lead acetate, analytical pure, traditional Chinese medicines chemical industry preparation company limited.
Table 11 feed ingredient table
(note: it is as shown in the table for full nutrition group feed ingredient table, remaining each group, without cellulose, is added Bulbus Allii by packet requirement
Coat dietary fiber or lead acetate.Dietary fiber and lead acetate do not calculate energy value.)
1.1.2 instrument and equipment
ContrAA300 continuum source atomic absorption spectrometer, Jena, Germany company；
X serieser II icp ms, U.S. Thermal Fisher；
DK-98-II adjusts the temperature electronically universal electric furnace, Tianjin Stettlen Instrument Ltd.；
SP-100 fume hood, Wuxi Puri reaches rig for testing company limited.
1.2 test method
1.2.1 prepared by sample
Prepare SDF and IDF respectively with reference to embodiment 11, then according to above overall merit result of the test table 2.2 result, press
Dietary fiber (DF) is prepared according to SDF:IDF=1:3 ratio, for follow-up test after compounding.
1.2.2 feed formulation
The exposure source of (Pb) with lead acetate as lead ion, adds in the feedstuff of component list 1.1, is divided into four big groups: the
One group is the feedstuff (Control diet, such as table 1.1) of full nutrition group, and second group is the feedstuff (DF of disappearance dietary fiber
0%), the 3rd group is disappearance dietary fiber and feedstuff (respectively DF0%+Pb20mg/kg, the DF0%+ adding lead acetate
Pb100mg/kg, DF0%+Pb200mg/kg), the 4th group is to add lead acetate to add garlic skin high temperature steaming dietary fiber simultaneously
Feedstuff (DF2.5%+Pb100mg/kg, DF5.0%+Pb100mg/kg, DF10.0%+Pb100mg/kg, DF5.0%+
Pb20mg/kg, DF5.0%+Pb200mg/kg).For ensureing that rat age and weight do not have significance to change in process of the test,
Test period is one week.After off-test, measure lead apparent absorptivity and in each tissue distribution situation, observe between each group
The change of the absorbance of lead.
1.2.3 veterinary method
Two cages of animal per are raised, and freely drink distilled water, freely ingest, and record daily inleting appetite.Raise the 1st day and
Within 7th day, weigh, collect feces and the urine of the 7th day, frozen in-20 DEG C of refrigerators.After the 7th end of day fasting 12h, with 5mL/
After kg Mus re-injection penetrates 10% chloral hydrate anesthesia, abdominal vein takes blood to heparin sodium blood taking tube, after sacrificed by exsanguination animal, take liver,
Kidney, brain, spleen and femur are weighed, frozen in-20 DEG C of refrigerators.
1.2.4 Determination of Pb method
Measure feces, urine, blood and Tissue lead level, before carrying out sample Determination of Pb, the most first carry out digestion examination
Test.Specific as follows: with reference to Wet method in GB GB5009.12-2010, take appropriate amount of sample in 100mL triangular flask, put 3
To 4 beades, adding mixed acid (nitric acid: perchloric acid volume ratio 9:1) 10mL, add a cover and stand overnight, the little funnel that adds is at triangle
Clearing up on electric furnace on Ping, after first being slightly heated to no longer emitting dense foam, moderate heat digests, and supplements mixed acid every now and then to bottle
The white cigarette that interior appearance is intensive, is further continued for moderate heat digestion for a moment a small amount of to liquid in bottle, and cooling adds a small amount of distilled water, now digests
Liquid is water white transparency, then drives acid, and last sample Digestive system washes or filters in 10mL volumetric flask, the most repeatedly washs with water
Triangular flask, washing liquid is incorporated in volumetric flask and is settled to scale, mixes standby；Make reagent blank simultaneously.Then, Atomic Absorption is used
Lead content in spectrophotometer feces, urine and blood, measures liver, spleen, bone, brain, kidney with icp ms
Middle lead content.
Feed-weight ratio (R), organ index (I), day Plumbum absorption rate (A), day lead food-intake (F1), day excrement lead output (E1), day
Lead in urine output (E2), Tissue lead level (C) computing formula respectively as follows:
R=(F/G) (1.1)
In formula (1.1), R is feed-weight ratio, g/g,；F is day feedstuff food-intake, g；G is daily gain, g.
I=(M1/M1)*1000 (1.2)
In formula (1.2), I is organ index, g/g,；M1For internal organs weight, g；M1For Mus weight, g.
A=(F1-E1-E2)/F1 (1.3)
In formula (1.3), A is day Plumbum absorption rate, %,；F1For day lead food-intake, mg；E1Total amount, mg is discharged for day excrement lead；E2
Total amount, mg is discharged for day lead in urine.
F1=F × C1÷1000 (1.4)
F in formula (1.4)1For day lead food-intake, mg；F is daily inleting appetite, g；C1For feedstuff lead content, mg/kg.
E1=G1×C2 (1.5)
E in formula (1.5)1Total amount, mg is discharged for day excrement lead；G1Total amount, g is discharged for day feces；C2For lead content in feces,
mg/g。
E2=V1×C3 (1.6)
E in formula (1.6)2Total amount, mg is discharged for day lead in urine；V1Total amount, mL is discharged for day urine；C3For lead content in urine,
mg/mL。
C=(M3/M1) (1.7)
The dirty lead content of C device, μ g/g in formula (1.7)；M3For device dirty lead gross mass, mg；M1For internal organs weight, g.
1.3 statistical dispositions: do variance analysis with SPSS software and check the significance analysis of each index mean group difference.
1.4 results and discussion
1.1.1 the lead impact on Mus growth performance in feedstuff
Feed-weight ratio, organ index test result are respectively as shown in table 1.2 and table 1.3.
Table 1.2 starting weight, eventually weight, daily gain and feed-weight ratio
| Starting weight (g) | Weight (g) eventually | Feed-weight ratio (g/g) | Daily gain (g/d) | |
| Comparison | 215.83±1.04 | 261.83±1.66 | 3.01±0.14 | 6.57±1.16 |
| DF 0% | 216.33±6.25 | 260.50±7.21 | 3.69±0.85 | 6.31±2.20 |
| DF 0%+Pb (20mg/kg) | 217.33±7.75 | 258.67±11.72 | 3.57±0.11 | 5.90±1.48 |
| DF 0%+Pb (100mg/kg) | 209.50±6.38 | 256.83±8.33 | 3.34±0.44 | 6.76±1.82 |
| DF 0%+Pb (200mg/kg) | 217.00±1.82 | 257.83±10.13 | 3.55±0.40 | 5.83±1.31 |
| DF2.5%+Pb (100mg/kg) | 215.50±3.77 | 261.50±11.46 | 3.65±1.13 | 7.00±2.25 |
| DF 5.0%+Pb (100mg/kg) | 215.50±5.27 | 251.50±29.32 | 3.30±0.21 | 5.57±2.54 |
| DF10.0%+Pb (100mg/kg) | 212.50±1.36 | 258.00±6.56 | 3.04±0.16 | 6.30±2.92 |
| DF 5.0%+Pb (20mg/kg) | 215.33±5.48 | 265.17±8.17 | 2.93±0.36 | 7.12±1.38 |
| DF5.0%+Pb (200mg/kg) | 211.67±1.04 | 266.17±1.04 | 3.30±0.72 | 7.36±1.01 |
The dirty index of table 1.3 device
| Packet | Liver | Spleen | Bone | Brain | Kidney |
| Comparison | 30.661±3.285 | 1.658±0.782 | 3.232±0.519 | 6.668±0.909 | 7.412±0.601 |
| DF 0% | 29.785±3.055 | 1.614±0.320 | 3.549±0.258 | 7.070±0.545 | 7.094±0.215 |
| DF 0%+Pb (20mg/kg) | 28.366±0.912 | 2.082±0.531 | 3.430±0.620 | 7.098±0.539 | 7.343±0.368 |
| DF 0%+Pb (100mg/kg) | 30.294±2.046 | 2.281±0.807 | 3.426±0.202 | 6.391±1.745 | 7.692±0.430 |
| DF 0%+Pb (200mg/kg) | 29.685±3.239 | 2.466±0.388 | 3.580±0.266 | 7.365±0.484 | 7.833±0.856 |
| DF2.5%+Pb (100mg/kg) | 29.978±1.38 | 2.208±0.549 | 3.488±0.503 | 6.987±0.278 | 7.885±0.490 |
| DF 5.0%+Pb (100mg/kg) | 31.377±1.712 | 2.255±0.313 | 3.784±0.386 | 7.480±1.009 | 8.097±0.904 |
| DF10.0%+Pb (100mg/kg) | 26.104±2.356 | 2.218±0.775 | 3.391±0.525 | 7.279±0.614 | 7.132±0.676 |
| DF 5.0%+Pb (20mg/kg) | 29.152±5.535 | 2.271±0.603 | 3.470±0.445 | 6.936±0.365 | 7.661±0.670 |
| DF5.0%+Pb (200mg/kg) | 27.921±1.279 | 2.663±1.431 | 3.448±0.448 | 7.069±0.408 | 7.360±0.430 |
From table 1.2 and table 1.3, every physical signs there are no significant difference.Show 20mg/kg, 100mg/kg,
The lead addition of tri-kinds of concentration of 200mg/kg does not all produce impact to Mus growth performance.The short-term lead salt reported by document is fed
Zoopery, minimum lethal dose (MLD) is in the range of for 300～400mg/kg.So the lead ion exposure level of this test meets slowly
Property poisoning process.And test three concentration of selection, it is because when carrying out vitro Adsorption test, along with the increasing of base concentration
Adding, adsorption efficiency increases, when base concentration reaches finite concentration, adsorption efficiency increases slowly to not being further added by (data to
Go out).
1.1.2 dietary fiber is on excrement lead, the impact of lead in urine output
The test data of day excrement lead and day lead in urine is shown in Table 1.4.Excrement lead output, is far longer than lead in urine as seen from table, so lead
Mainly discharge with stool form.In the range of this experimental concentration, when lead ion addition is 20mg/kg, lead ion absorbance is
53.6%, when addition increases to 200mg/kg, absorbance increases to 91.63%.Show along with lead ion exposure concentrations
Increasing, lead ion absorbance is stepped up.Breton et al. research is pointed out, the suction of enteric microorganism heavy metal ion
It is retracted into very important barrier action.Therefore, this is likely due to the increase of plumbum ion concentration, increases animal intestinal micro-
Biological and the toxicity of intestinal epithelial cell, destroys the function such as microbial barrier of animal intestinal, causes absorbance to increase.Add
The lead output of high temperature steaming garlic skin dietary fiber group, is compared to be not added with group, excrement lead and lead in urine output and all increased.
5% high temperature steaming garlic skin dietary fiber interpolation group is compared to being not added with group, and lead ion addition is respectively 20mg/kg, 100mg/
When kg, 200mg/kg, the absorbance of lead ion is respectively from 53.6%, and 67.1%, 91.3% drops to 17.7%, and 53.0%,
70.10%, fall nearly 20%.But, dietary fiber addition difference does not cause excrement lead and lead in urine output
Significant difference.This is consistent to lead ion absorbance result with Zhang Lishi et al. research konjaku powder.In a word, the above results table
Bright, garlic skin dietary fiber has certain inhibitory action to lead ion intestinal absorption, but there is not dose-response relationship.
Table 1.4 excrement lead, lead in urine output on the 7th
(note: significance level p < 0.05)
1.1.3 dietary fiber is on rat blood lead and the impact of Tissue lead level
Each Tissue lead level data result is shown in Table 1.5.As seen from table, in blood, plumbum ion concentration at lead ion addition is
Maximum during 100mg/kg is consistent with lead ion content result in tissue.When lead ion addition is 100mg/kg, add respectively
2.5%, the garlic skin high temperature steaming dietary fiber of 5.0%, 10.0% all makes blood lead content significantly reduce, but does not has between three groups
Significant difference relation is consistent with excrement lead, lead in urine output result.It is respectively 20mg/kg, 100mg/ at lead ion addition
When kg, 200mg/kg, the dietary fiber adding 5.0% all can significantly reduce blood lead concentration.
Table 1.5 Tissue lead level
(note: significance level p < 0.05)
In each Tissue lead level, in each tissue of test group, lead exposed amount is all higher than matched group, and wherein tissue lead contains
Measure by greatly to little be femur successively > kidney > liver > spleen > brain.This is mainly accumulated in skeleton with the internal lead of entrance about report is one
Cause ground.When lead ion exposed amount is 20mg/kg, spleen lead content is played minimizing effect, femur, kidney, liver by the dietary fiber adding 5%
Significant difference is not had with brain lead content.When lead ion exposed amount is 100mg/kg, feedstuff adds dietary fiber and can make kidney, stock
In bone, lead content substantially reduces, but strengthens dietary fiber dosage and will not increase the amplitude of reduction, and this is consistent with Plumbum absorption rate result.
But when lead ion exposed amount reaches 200mg/kg, the dietary fiber addition of 5% makes lead content in kidney, bone regulating liver-QI significantly increase
Adding, and when dietary fiber addition is 5%, lead ion addition is the highest, in its kidney, liver and femur, lead content is the highest, spleen and
In brain, lead content does not has significant difference.In this trial stretch, dietary fiber has decrease uptake to certain density lead ion
Effect, but plumbum ion concentration too high on the contrary have promote its accumulation effect.The reason that this phenomenon occurs need into one
Step research.Plumbum removing medicine is used to carry out chelating therapy to improve uratic excretion, with blood, kidney, liver and brain clinically
Organize the numerous metal ions in medium target organ to produce powerful complexation power, form complex, excrete with urine, excrement etc..
Also have been reported that and show that this chelating agen of dimercaptosuccinic acid, when blood lead reaches certain level, re-uses effect on the contrary and fails to understand
Aobvious.
In all heavy metals, strong with lead and cadmium animal migration, toxicity becomes greatly the object received much concern.Natural feeding process
In report the most rare.At natural fed conditions, this test proves that the garlic skin dietary fiber by high temperature steaming is modified can suppress
The absorption of lead ion.
(1) when in feedstuff, lead ion addition is 20mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg, the garlic skin that high temperature steaming is modified
Dietary fiber can significantly increase excrement lead, lead in urine output, reduces Plumbum absorption rate.But increase the addition of garlic skin meals fiber not
Absorbance can be reduced greatly.
(2) the garlic skin dietary fiber that high temperature steaming is modified can change lead ion distribution situation in the tissue to some extent.
The garlic skin dietary fiber addition of 5% is when lead ion addition is 100mg/kg, it is possible to reduce its accumulation in kidney, femur
Amount；But when lead ion addition is 200mg/kg, its accumulation in liver, kidney and femur can be increased on the contrary.
Claims (5)
1. garlic skin dietary fiber, it is characterised in that its composition is as follows:
。
The high temperature steaming modification method for preparing of garlic skin dietary fiber the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that according to following
Step is carried out:
(1) remove impurity: remove withered and yellow leaf and other foreign material；
(2) it is dried: garlic skin is placed on 18 ~ 24 h in 60 ~ 80 DEG C of baking ovens, after drying to constant weight, pulverizes, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare Bulbus Allii
Corium farinosum end；
(3) high temperature steaming processes: garlic skin powder is added distilled water to solid-liquid ratio is 1:20 ~ 1:80 g/mL, and boiling temperature is
100 ~ 128 DEG C, digestion time is 20 ~ 80 min；After steaming and decocting terminates, at temperature is 50 ~ 60 DEG C, rotate evaporation and concentration, then
By concentrated solution lyophilization 24 ~ 36 h together with residue, pulverize after lyophilizing, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber.
The high temperature steaming modification method for preparing of garlic skin dietary fiber the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that or according to
Following steps are carried out:
(1) remove impurity: remove withered and yellow leaf and other foreign material；
(2) it is dried: garlic skin is placed on 18 ~ 24 h in 60 ~ 80 DEG C of baking ovens, after drying to constant weight, pulverizes, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare Bulbus Allii
Corium farinosum end；
(3) high temperature steaming processes: garlic skin powder is added distilled water to solid-liquid ratio is 1:20 ~ 1:80 g/mL, and boiling temperature is
100 ~ 128 DEG C, digestion time is 20 ~ 80 min；After steaming and decocting terminates, at temperature is 50 ~ 60 DEG C, rotate evaporation and concentration, then
By concentrated solution lyophilization 24 ~ 36 h together with residue, pulverize after lyophilizing, cross 60 mesh sieves, prepare modified garlic skin dietary fiber A；
(4) associating enzymolysis processing: modified garlic skin dietary fiber A step (3) obtained is placed in high foot beaker, according to solid-liquid ratio
1:40 g/mL adds MES-TRIS buffer solution, is that 1:50 g/ μ L adds thermostable α-amylase according to substrate and enzyme solid-liquid ratio,
Covering masking foil, water-bath 35 min in the water-bath that temperature is 95 DEG C, reaction terminates to be placed in by beaker immediately the water of 60 DEG C
In bath, after solution is cooled to 60 DEG C, it is that 1:100 g/ μ L adds alkaline protease continuation instead according to substrate and enzyme solid-liquid ratio
Answer 30 min, after this enzymolysis process completes, in beaker, add 3 mol/L acetic acid solutions, by 10 mol/L NaOH solution at enzyme
Solve and regulate solution ph under the conditions of liquid temp is 60 DEG C to 4.5, be finally that 1:50 g/ μ L adds according to substrate and enzyme solid-liquid ratio
Saccharifying enzyme, 60 DEG C of water-bath 30 min, so far enzymolysis process terminates, and obtains enzymolysis solution；
(5) centrifugal: step (4) to be obtained enzymolysis solution centrifugal 20 min in the centrifuge of 5000 × g, takes supernatant；
(6) precipitate with ethanol: supernatant step (5) obtained is according to supernatant and ethanol volume ratio 1:4(v/v) add be preheated to 60
DEG C dehydrated alcohol, room temperature stands 1 h, and then centrifugal 5 min in the centrifuge of 5000 × g, prepare precipitate；
(7) washing: precipitation lyophilizing 24 ~ 36 h step (6) obtained, prepares modified garlic skin dietary fiber B.
The high temperature steaming modification method for preparing of garlic skin dietary fiber the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that wherein step
(4) the MES-TRIS Buffer Solution in Measurement in is as follows: weigh 19.52 g 2-(N-morpholinoes) ethane sulfonic acid and 12.2 g
Trishydroxymethylaminomethane, dissolves with 1.7 L distilled water, adjusts pH to 8.2 with 6mol/L sodium hydroxide, is diluted with water to 2L.
The most according to claim 1, the application of garlic skin dietary fiber, can suppress the absorption of lead ion in food.
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| CN115926012B (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2024-04-19 | 重庆市天友乳业股份有限公司 | Garlic skin modified polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US11547243B2 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2023-01-10 | Sharkninja Operating Llc | Cooking device and components thereof |
| CN108095130A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-01 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | Food-grade ginseng dietary fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111308008A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-19 | 重庆瑞钛科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly detecting starch content in grain for wine brewing |
| CN115926012A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-04-07 | 重庆市天友乳业股份有限公司 | Garlic skin modified polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115926012B (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2024-04-19 | 重庆市天友乳业股份有限公司 | Garlic skin modified polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof |
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