CN106107242A - A kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent - Google Patents
A kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN106107242A CN106107242A CN201610611096.4A CN201610611096A CN106107242A CN 106107242 A CN106107242 A CN 106107242A CN 201610611096 A CN201610611096 A CN 201610611096A CN 106107242 A CN106107242 A CN 106107242A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, disclosing a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent, the material including following weight portion prepares: Aquatic product polypeptide 80 120 parts, camellia seed meal modification extract 40 60 parts, astaxanthin 10 30 parts, fucoxanthine 10 30 parts, Margarita powder 10 20 parts, Sargassum extract 40 80 parts, 20 30 parts of calcium chloride and 800 1200 parts of water.The nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent of the present invention selects fully natural green raw material, without antibiotic medicine, it is possible to be effectively improved the immunocompetence of aquatic animal, and will not pollute breeding environment, environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, particularly relate to a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent.
Background technology
In recent years, along with culture fishery is fast-developing, high density intensive degree increases, breeding environment deteriorates, plants matter
The problems such as Resource Degradation and disease infection increase year by year, improve aquatic animal autoimmune ability be disease-resistant approach it
One.
The current main path improving aquatic animal immunity is interpolation antibiotics in aquatic feeds.
But antibiotic etc abuse condition is serious in recent years, and not only fish, shrimp, Eriocheir sinensis class the most all occurred Large Scale Death, and
The drug residue in part aquatic products is caused to increase or severe overweight, serious threat food safety.In addition American-European Japan etc. are main
Want aquatic products importer increasingly strict to the inspection of aquatic products, also have impact on the outlet of aquatic products, make to China's culture fishery
Become tremendous economic loss.Breeding environment can be polluted by medicine accumulation in water simultaneously, destroys breeding ecological further
Environment, forms vicious cycle.Therefore, say in a sense, strengthen the immunity of aquatic animal self, improve body
Growth performance, reduces or stops using antibiotics, improves feed efficiency, improves cultivation object quality, it has also become Aquatic product
The important bottleneck of the sustainable development of aquaculture.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent.The nonreactive of the present invention
Aquatic immune reinforcing agent selects fully natural green raw material, without antibiotic medicine, it is possible to be effectively improved exempting from of aquatic animal
Epidemic disease ability, and breeding environment will not be polluted, environmental protection.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent, including the material system of following weight portion
: Aquatic product polypeptide 80-120 part, camellia seed meal modification extract 40-60 part, astaxanthin 10-30 part, fucoxanthine 10-30 part,
Margarita powder 10-20 part, Sargassum extract 40-80 part, calcium chloride 20-30 part and water 800-1200 part.
The present invention select the polypeptide of aquatic fish as main immunizing composition, then be equipped with camellia seed meal modification extract,
The materials such as astaxanthin, fucoxanthine, Margarita powder, are re-dubbed immunostimulant, add in aquatic feeds by aquatic animal
After Shi Yong, it is possible to be effectively improved the immunocompetence of aquatic animal.And the immunostimulant pure natural of the present invention, without
Any antibiotic, does not only result in drug residue in animal body, and will not polluted-water, environmental protection.
As preferably, described Aquatic product polypeptide exists at anglerfish polypeptide interval for 1600-4000Da, molecular weight selected from molecular weight
The morrhua polypeptide in 200-800Da interval, molecular weight are at tuna polypeptide interval for 600-1000Da.
The polypeptide immune activity of the different molecular weight of different Fish is different, and studying for a long period of time through the present inventor, in discovery
State the polypeptide immune activity between molecular weight area preferably.
As preferably, the preparation method of described Aquatic product polypeptide is as follows:
A, raw material thaw and clean: fish skin is carried out flowing water defrosting, and thawing time is 2-5h;After thawing completely, fish skin is cleaned.
B, pretreatment of raw material: fish skin is added in the sodium hydroxide solution that 5-10 times of concentration is 3-5wt%, at 20-30 DEG C
Lower defat 4-6h, then takes fish skin and washes.
Glue is endured in c, steaming and decocting: fish skin carries out at 90-100 DEG C steaming and decocting and endures glue 8-12h, take the fish glue from skin of generation, and to fish
Hide glue is separated with oils and fats by centrifugal treating, and centrifugation rate is 1000r/min.
D, enzymolysis: fish glue from skin is added to and in the enzymolysis solution containing neutral protease, carries out enzymolysis;Wherein neutral protease
Concentration be 0.05-0.25wt%, enzymolysis solution quality is 2-4 times of fish glue from skin quality, and hydrolysis temperature is 30-45 DEG C, enzymolysis solution pH
To controlling at 6-8, enzymolysis time is 30-60min.
E, charcoal are de-, plate-and-frame filtration: add the activated carbon that quality is enzymolysis solution 1-2wt% in enzymolysis solution, and added by enzymolysis solution
Heat to 70-80 DEG C, decolour 30-50min;Filter in enzymolysis solution after decolouring is transferred to plate-and-frame filtration pond, take clear liquor.
It is f, isolated and purified: clear liquor to be transferred in foam separation post carry out air-blowing foaming, and collects foam solution, rousing
Water filling in foam separation post while gas;Air-blowing speed is 3-5L/min, and rate of water injection is 0.1-0.3L/min, foam separation
In post, the loading height of liquid and foam separation column internal diameter are than for 8-10:1, and clear liquor temperature is maintained at 25-35 DEG C;To be collected
Foam solution goes out after bubble, with ion exchanger, foam solution is carried out heavy metal separation;Foam solution after heavy metal separates adds
Quality is the magnetic compatible microsphere of foam solution 1-2% and is uniformly dispersed, and utilizes magnetic field to make magnetic after standing affine absorption 50-70min
Compatible micro balloons is assembled;After isolating magnetic compatible microsphere, with the Tris-HCl buffer that pH value is 7.2, magnetic compatible microsphere is entered
Row eluting, after going out magnetic compatible microsphere again with magnetic field separation, obtains eluent, stores standby by eluent at 75-85 DEG C
With.
After plate-and-frame filtration, the insoluble impurities in clear liquor is basically separated complete, substantially only exists dissolubility impurity and weight
Metal ion etc..Clear liquor is carried out foam separation purification, owing to protein substance has certain surface activity, it is possible at liquid
It is gathered in foam surface after bubble, collects foam solution, it is possible to separated with other materials by protein substance.In foam separation mistake
Cheng Zhong, due to constantly the tailing off of moisture in foam separation post so that in liquid, the concentration of protein substance raises, and causes concentration to exceed
Critical micelle concentration, thus easily by subsidiary for other soluble impurities at foam surface, affect separating effect, carry out water filling energy
Protein concentration in enough effectively maintenance liquid.The heavy metal together adhered in foam solution can be carried out point with ion exchanger
From, then with magnetic compatible microsphere, the target protein material in foam solution is carried out affine absorption so that the purity of collagen peptide
Higher.
G, concentration: by concentrating in eluent successively input economic benefits and social benefits concentration pan and quadruple effect concentration pan, prepare concentrated solution, institute
State the diopter of concentrated solution to control concentrated solution after 5-6, concentration and store at 50-60 DEG C.
H, membrane filtration: concentrated solution is carried out remove impurity by two grade of 0.22 mum membrane filter degerming;Wherein membrane filtration temperature
Less than 45 DEG C, single filter pressure is less than 0.25MPa, and cascade filtration pressure is less than 0.4MPa.
I, polypeptide classification: use ultrafilter membrane or NF membrane that the concentrated solution after membrane filtration is separated by molecular weight, obtain
The Aquatic product polypeptide of target molecular weight;
J, spray drying: Aquatic product polypeptide is spray-dried;Vapo(u)rizing temperature is 80-90 DEG C, Aquatic product polypeptide after spray drying
Moisture content is less than or equal to 5wt%.
Aquatic product polypeptide prepared by the present invention, purity is high, and yield is high, and molecular weight distribution interval is little, interval in target molecular weight
Interior content of peptides is high.
As preferably, described magnetic compatible microsphere is prepared by following methods: by sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol, chitosan, just
Heptane, acetic acid, the water mixed dissolution of 2-3:1:2:0.5:3-5:100 in mass ratio, prepares mixed liquor A after stirring;To mixing
Liquid A add the ferroferric oxide magnetic powder of mixed liquor A quality 4-6% and is uniformly dispersed, obtaining mixed liquid B;Mixed liquid B is carried out
Ultrasound wave disperses, and at the uniform velocity drips the emulsion of mixed liquid B quality 40-60% simultaneously, obtain mixed liquor C in mixed liquid B;Successively
Glutaraldehyde and the 2.5-of mixed liquor C mass 0.5-1 times of the 98wt% of mixed liquor C mass 0.1-0.2% is added in mixed liquor C
The calcium chloride solution of 3.5wt%, is sufficiently stirred for, and stands 1-2h, generates magnetic microsphere;Utilize magnetic field that magnetic microsphere in liquid is entered
Row is assembled, and is carried out, is dried after taking out magnetic microsphere;Magnetic microsphere is immersed in swelling 15-25min in water, then takes out
Magnetic microsphere also adds in activating solution and to activate 40-80min at 35-45 DEG C, and magnetic microsphere with the solid-to-liquid ratio of activating solution is
0.5-1.0g/mL;Take out magnetic microsphere after activation and clean, magnetic microsphere is mixed with heparin 1.5-2.5:1 in mass ratio
Close, obtain suspension, by suspension pH value regulation to 4-5, in suspension, then add suspension vol 1.5-2.5 times
1-ethyl-3-dimethylaminopropyl-the carbodiimide of 3wt%, stands 12-18h at 4 DEG C;Generate magnetic compatible microsphere, finally from
Suspension takes out magnetic compatible microsphere, cleans, be dried, standby.
The magnetic microsphere that said method prepares, with ferroferric oxide magnetic powder for magnetic core, with sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol, shell
Polysaccharide is the major coat material of magnetic core, with normal heptane as porogen, after adding glutaraldehyde and calcium chloride solution, and cross moulding,
Having porous, specific surface area is big, and adsorption capacity is big, and dispersibility is good, and uniform particle diameter is good.
As preferably, described emulsion be volume accounting be the Arlacel-80 dehydrated alcohol mixed liquor of 30-40%, emulsion exists
In 10-20min, dropping is complete.
As preferably, described activating solution is pressed body by the sodium hydroxide solution of 1mol/L, dimethyl sulfoxide and epoxychloropropane
Long-pending than 4-6:1:0.5-0.7 composition.
As preferably, the preparation method of described camellia seed meal modification extract is as follows: take the camellia seed meal after oil expression, grinds
Cheng Fen, is added to camellia seed meal in the ethanol solution that concentration is 70-80wt% by liquid-solid ratio 16-20mL/g and stirs, will
Ethanol solution is transferred in microwave extraction device carry out heating extraction, and Extracting temperature is 60-70 DEG C, and extraction time is 2-4min, micro-
Wave power is 800-1000W;Obtain crude extract after extraction, crude extract is filtered, takes filtrate, in filtrate, add filtrate
The 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution of volume 0.02-0.04 times, heats 10-20min at 50-60 DEG C, then adds solution in solution
Quality 0.4-0.6% chitosan, at room temperature stands 10-20h, is centrifuged, is filtrated to get refining liquid, after being vacuum dried by refining liquid
Prepare camellia seed meal extract;Camellia seed meal extract is dissolved in acid solution join concentration be 4-6wt%, pH be the oil of 3-4
Camellia oil cake extract acid solution, at the uniform velocity dripping quality in 2-4h in camellia seed meal extract acid solution is camellia seed meal
The sodium selenite of extract 0.4-0.6 times reacts, and reaction temperature is 60-80 DEG C;Reaction is done through concentration, vacuum after terminating
Dry prepared camellia seed meal modification extract.
Extracting camellia seed meal, it is possible to obtain natural glucoside compound, basic structure is mainly by sapogenin, sugar
Body, organic acid three part form, and find through research, and this kind of material has stronger oxidation resistance, it is possible to increase organism
Immunity.Containing groups such as hydroxyl partly and carboxyls in the sugared body structure of this material, the present invention utilizes these groups to it
Carry out selenizing modified, further enhance the immunocompetence of camellia seed meal extract.
As preferably, the preparation method of described Sargassum extract is as follows: mix unqualified for the Sargassum of chopping with water, after making beating
Prepared concentration is the seaweed slurry of 10-30wt%;Adding isopyknic sodium citrate solution in seaweed slurry, prepared pH value is
The mixed slurry of 4-6, extracts mixed slurry 2-4h at 60-80 DEG C, is filtrated to get Sargassum crude extract after extraction, and Sargassum is thick
Extract carries out ripening sterilizing in being transferred to high-pressure sterilizing pot;Then proceed to that Sargassum crude extract is removed macromole by micro-filtration membrane miscellaneous
Albumen, prepares Sargassum extract after last lyophilization.
The Sargassum extract that said method prepares, containing substantial amounts of Sargassum polysaccharides class material, can be with chlorination after being dissolved in water
Calcium reaction generates the solid matter being slightly soluble in water.In the preparation process of the immunostimulant of the present invention, by Aquatic product polypeptide, oil tea
Seed dregs of rice modification extract, astaxanthin, fucoxanthine, Margarita powder, Sargassum extract mix, and mixture are added drop-wise to calcium chloride water-soluble
In liquid, it is possible to crosslinking generates and is slightly soluble in the solid matter of water, thus by Aquatic product polypeptide, camellia seed meal modification extract, astaxanthin,
The immune active ingredient such as fucoxanthine, Margarita powder embeds, and prevents these immune active ingredients from adding in water for feedstuff
Rear loss by dissolution.Additionally, Sargassum polysaccharides self also has outstanding non-oxidizability, there is immunocompetence.
It is compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent of the present invention selects pure sky
So green material, without antibiotic medicine, it is possible to be effectively improved the immunocompetence of aquatic animal, and will not be to breeding environment
Pollute, environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent, the material including following weight portion prepares: Aquatic product polypeptide 100 parts, camellia seed meal change
Property extract 50 parts, astaxanthin 20 parts, fucoxanthine 20 parts, Margarita powder 15 parts, Sargassum extract 60 parts, 25 parts of calcium chloride and water
1000 parts.Described Aquatic product polypeptide is that molecular weight is at anglerfish polypeptide interval for 1600-4000Da.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Aquatic product polypeptide is as follows:
A, raw material thaw and clean: fish skin is carried out flowing water defrosting, and thawing time is 3.5h;After thawing completely, fish skin is cleaned.
B, pretreatment of raw material: fish skin is added in the sodium hydroxide solution that 7.5 times of concentration is 4wt%, defat at 25 DEG C
5h, then takes fish skin and washes.
Glue is endured in c, steaming and decocting: fish skin carries out at 95 DEG C steaming and decocting and endures glue 10h, takes the fish glue from skin of generation, and leads to fish glue from skin
Crossing centrifugal treating to separate with oils and fats, centrifugation rate is 1000r/min.
D, enzymolysis: fish glue from skin is added to and in the enzymolysis solution containing neutral protease, carries out enzymolysis;Wherein neutral protease
Concentration be 0.15wt%, enzymolysis solution quality is 3 times of fish glue from skin quality, and hydrolysis temperature is 38 DEG C, and enzymolysis solution pH is to controlling at 6-
8, enzymolysis time is 45min.
E, charcoal are de-, plate-and-frame filtration: add the activated carbon that quality is enzymolysis solution 1.5wt% in enzymolysis solution, and added by enzymolysis solution
Heat is to 75 DEG C, and decolour 40min;Filter in enzymolysis solution after decolouring is transferred to plate-and-frame filtration pond, take clear liquor.
It is f, isolated and purified: clear liquor to be transferred in foam separation post carry out air-blowing foaming, and collects foam solution, rousing
Water filling in foam separation post while gas;Air-blowing speed is 4L/min, and rate of water injection is 0.2L/min, liquid in foam separation post
The loading height of body and foam separation column internal diameter are than for 9:1, and clear liquor temperature is maintained at 30 DEG C;Foam solution to be collected goes out bubble
After, with ion exchanger, foam solution is carried out heavy metal separation;Adding quality in foam solution after heavy metal separates is foam
The magnetic compatible microsphere of liquid 1.5% is also uniformly dispersed, and utilizes magnetic field to make magnetic compatible microsphere assemble after standing affine absorption 60min;
After isolating magnetic compatible microsphere, with the Tris-HCl buffer that pH value is 7.2, magnetic compatible microsphere is carried out eluting, again sharp
After going out magnetic compatible microsphere with magnetic field separation, obtain eluent, eluent is stored for future use at 80 DEG C.
Described magnetic compatible microsphere is prepared by following methods: by sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol, chitosan, normal heptane, second
Acid, the water mixed dissolution of 2.5:1:2:0.5:4:100 in mass ratio, prepare mixed liquor A after stirring;Add in mixed liquor A
The ferroferric oxide magnetic powder of mixed liquor A quality 5% is also uniformly dispersed, and obtains mixed liquid B;Mixed liquid B is carried out ultrasound wave dispersion,
At the uniform velocity dripping the emulsion of mixed liquid B quality 50% in 15min in mixed liquid B, described emulsion is that volume accounting is simultaneously
The Arlacel-80 dehydrated alcohol mixed liquor of 35%, obtains mixed liquor C;First backward mixed liquor C adds mixed liquor C mass 0.15%
The glutaraldehyde of 98wt% and the calcium chloride solution of the 3wt% of mixed liquor C mass 0.75 times, be sufficiently stirred for, and stands 1.5h, generates magnetic
Microsphere;Utilize magnetic field that magnetic microsphere in liquid is assembled, be carried out after taking out magnetic microsphere, be dried;By magnetic microsphere
It is immersed in swelling 20min in water, then takes out magnetic microsphere and add activation 60min, described work at 40 DEG C in activating solution to
Change liquid to be made up of the sodium hydroxide solution of 1mol/L, dimethyl sulfoxide and epoxychloropropane 5:1:0.6 by volume.Magnetic microsphere
It is 0.75g/mL with the solid-to-liquid ratio of activating solution;Take out magnetic microsphere after activation and clean, by magnetic microsphere with heparin in mass ratio
2:1 mixes, and obtains suspension, regulates suspension pH value to 4-5, then adds suspension vol 2 times in suspension
The 1-ethyl-3-dimethylaminopropyl-carbodiimide of 3wt%, at 4 DEG C, stand 15h;Generate magnetic compatible microsphere, finally from outstanding
Supernatant liquid takes out magnetic compatible microsphere, cleans, be dried, standby.
G, concentration: by concentrating in eluent successively input economic benefits and social benefits concentration pan and quadruple effect concentration pan, prepare concentrated solution, institute
State the diopter of concentrated solution to control concentrated solution after 5-6, concentration and store at 55 DEG C.
H, membrane filtration: concentrated solution is carried out remove impurity by two grade of 0.22 mum membrane filter degerming;Wherein membrane filtration temperature
Less than 45 DEG C, single filter pressure is less than 0.25MPa, and cascade filtration pressure is less than 0.4MPa.
I, polypeptide classification: use ultrafilter membrane or NF membrane that the concentrated solution after membrane filtration is separated by molecular weight, obtain
The Aquatic product polypeptide of target molecular weight.
J, spray drying: Aquatic product polypeptide is spray-dried;Vapo(u)rizing temperature is 85 DEG C, Aquatic product polypeptide after spray drying
Moisture content is less than or equal to 5wt%.
The preparation method of described camellia seed meal modification extract is as follows: takes the camellia seed meal after oil expression, pulverizes, by liquid
Gu than 18mL/g camellia seed meal added in the ethanol solution that concentration is 75wt% and stir, ethanol solution is transferred to
Carrying out heating extraction in microwave extraction device, Extracting temperature is 65 DEG C, and extraction time is 3min, and microwave power is 900W;After extraction
Obtain crude extract, crude extract is filtered, takes filtrate, in filtrate, add the 30wt% hydrogen peroxide of filtrate volume 0.03 times
Solution, heats 15min at 55 DEG C, then adds solution quality 0.5% chitosan in solution, at room temperature stand 15h, from
The heart, it is filtrated to get refining liquid, after being vacuum dried by refining liquid, prepares camellia seed meal extract;Camellia seed meal extract is dissolved in acid
Property solution is joined concentration be 5wt%, pH be the camellia seed meal extract acid solution of 3-4, to camellia seed meal extract in 3h
At the uniform velocity dripping the sodium selenite that quality is camellia seed meal extract 0.5 times in acid solution to react, reaction temperature is 65 DEG C;
Reaction prepares camellia seed meal modification extract through concentration, vacuum drying after terminating.
The preparation method of described Sargassum extract is as follows: mixes unqualified for the Sargassum of chopping with water, prepares concentration after making beating
Seaweed slurry for 20wt%;Adding isopyknic sodium citrate solution in seaweed slurry, prepared pH value is the mixing slurry of 4-6
Material, extracts mixed slurry 3h at 65 DEG C, is filtrated to get Sargassum crude extract, Sargassum crude extract is transferred to high pressure and goes out after extraction
Ripening sterilizing is carried out in bacterium pot;Then proceed to by micro-filtration membrane, Sargassum crude extract is removed macromole foreign protein, last freezing dry
Sargassum extract is prepared after dry.
Embodiment 2
A kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent, the material including following weight portion prepares: Aquatic product polypeptide 80 parts, camellia seed meal are modified
Extract 40 parts, astaxanthin 10 parts, fucoxanthine 10 parts, Margarita powder 10 parts, Sargassum extract 40 parts, 20 parts of calcium chloride and water
800 parts.Described Aquatic product polypeptide is that molecular weight is at morrhua polypeptide interval for 200-800Da.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Aquatic product polypeptide is as follows:
A, raw material thaw and clean: fish skin is carried out flowing water defrosting, and thawing time is 2h;After thawing completely, fish skin is cleaned.
B, pretreatment of raw material: fish skin is added in the sodium hydroxide solution that 5 times of concentration is 5wt%, defat at 20 DEG C
6h, then takes fish skin and washes.
Glue is endured in c, steaming and decocting: fish skin carries out at 90 DEG C steaming and decocting and endures glue 12h, takes the fish glue from skin of generation, and leads to fish glue from skin
Crossing centrifugal treating to separate with oils and fats, centrifugation rate is 1000r/min.
D, enzymolysis: fish glue from skin is added to and in the enzymolysis solution containing neutral protease, carries out enzymolysis;Wherein neutral protease
Concentration be 0.05wt%, enzymolysis solution quality is 4 times of fish glue from skin quality, and hydrolysis temperature is 30 DEG C, and enzymolysis solution pH is to controlling at 6-
8, enzymolysis time is 60min.
E, charcoal are de-, plate-and-frame filtration: add the activated carbon that quality is enzymolysis solution 1wt% in enzymolysis solution, and heated by enzymolysis solution
To 70 DEG C, decolour 50min;Filter in enzymolysis solution after decolouring is transferred to plate-and-frame filtration pond, take clear liquor.
It is f, isolated and purified: clear liquor to be transferred in foam separation post carry out air-blowing foaming, and collects foam solution, rousing
Water filling in foam separation post while gas;Air-blowing speed is 3L/min, and rate of water injection is 0.1L/min, liquid in foam separation post
The loading height of body and foam separation column internal diameter are than for 8:1, and clear liquor temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C;Foam solution to be collected goes out bubble
After, with ion exchanger, foam solution is carried out heavy metal separation;Adding quality in foam solution after heavy metal separates is foam
The magnetic compatible microsphere of liquid 1% is also uniformly dispersed, and utilizes magnetic field to make magnetic compatible microsphere assemble after standing affine absorption 50min;Point
After separating out magnetic compatible microsphere, with the Tris-HCl buffer that pH value is 7.2, magnetic compatible microsphere is carried out eluting, again with
After magnetic field separation goes out magnetic compatible microsphere, obtain eluent, eluent is stored for future use at 75 DEG C.
Described magnetic compatible microsphere is prepared by following methods: by sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol, chitosan, normal heptane, second
Acid, the water mixed dissolution of 2:1:2:0.5:3:100 in mass ratio, prepare mixed liquor A after stirring;Add mixed in mixed liquor A
Close the ferroferric oxide magnetic powder of liquid A mass 4% and be uniformly dispersed, obtaining mixed liquid B;Mixed liquid B is carried out ultrasound wave dispersion, with
Time in 10min, in mixed liquid B, at the uniform velocity drip the emulsion of mixed liquid B quality 40%, described emulsion is that volume accounting is
The Arlacel-80 dehydrated alcohol mixed liquor of 30%, obtains mixed liquor C;First backward mixed liquor C adds mixed liquor C mass 0.1%
The glutaraldehyde of 98wt% and the calcium chloride solution of the 3.5wt% of mixed liquor C mass 0.5 times, be sufficiently stirred for, and stands 1h, generates magnetic
Microsphere;Utilize magnetic field that magnetic microsphere in liquid is assembled, be carried out after taking out magnetic microsphere, be dried;By magnetic microsphere
It is immersed in swelling 15min in water, then takes out magnetic microsphere and add activation 80min, described work at 35 DEG C in activating solution to
Change liquid to be made up of the sodium hydroxide solution of 1mol/L, dimethyl sulfoxide and epoxychloropropane 4:1:0.5 by volume.Magnetic microsphere
It is 0.5g/mL with the solid-to-liquid ratio of activating solution;Take out magnetic microsphere after activation and clean, by magnetic microsphere with heparin in mass ratio
1.5:1 mixes, and obtains suspension, regulates suspension pH value to 4-5, then adds suspension vol in suspension
1-ethyl-3-dimethylaminopropyl-the carbodiimide of the 3wt% of 1.5 times, stands 12h at 4 DEG C;Generate magnetic compatible microsphere,
After from suspension take out magnetic compatible microsphere, clean, be dried, standby.
G, concentration: by concentrating in eluent successively input economic benefits and social benefits concentration pan and quadruple effect concentration pan, prepare concentrated solution, institute
State the diopter of concentrated solution to control concentrated solution after 5-6, concentration and store at 50 DEG C.
H, membrane filtration: concentrated solution is carried out remove impurity by two grade of 0.22 mum membrane filter degerming;Wherein membrane filtration temperature
Less than 45 DEG C, single filter pressure is less than 0.25MPa, and cascade filtration pressure is less than 0.4MPa.
I, polypeptide classification: use ultrafilter membrane or NF membrane that the concentrated solution after membrane filtration is separated by molecular weight, obtain
The Aquatic product polypeptide of target molecular weight.
J, spray drying: Aquatic product polypeptide is spray-dried;Vapo(u)rizing temperature is 80 DEG C, Aquatic product polypeptide after spray drying
Moisture content is less than or equal to 5wt%.
The preparation method of described camellia seed meal modification extract is as follows: takes the camellia seed meal after oil expression, pulverizes, by liquid
Gu than 16mL/g camellia seed meal added in the ethanol solution that concentration is 70wt% and stir, ethanol solution is transferred to
Carrying out heating extraction in microwave extraction device, Extracting temperature is 60 DEG C, and extraction time is 4min, and microwave power is 800W;After extraction
Obtain crude extract, crude extract is filtered, takes filtrate, in filtrate, add the 30wt% hydrogen peroxide of filtrate volume 0.02 times
Solution, heats 20min at 50 DEG C, then adds solution quality 0.4% chitosan in solution, at room temperature stand 20h, from
The heart, it is filtrated to get refining liquid, after being vacuum dried by refining liquid, prepares camellia seed meal extract;Camellia seed meal extract is dissolved in acid
Property solution is joined concentration be 4wt%, pH be the camellia seed meal extract acid solution of 3-4, to camellia seed meal extract in 2h
At the uniform velocity dripping the sodium selenite that quality is camellia seed meal extract 0.4 times in acid solution to react, reaction temperature is 80 DEG C;
Reaction prepares camellia seed meal modification extract through concentration, vacuum drying after terminating.
The preparation method of described Sargassum extract is as follows: mixes unqualified for the Sargassum of chopping with water, prepares concentration after making beating
Seaweed slurry for 10wt%;Adding isopyknic sodium citrate solution in seaweed slurry, prepared pH value is the mixing slurry of 4-6
Material, extracts mixed slurry 4h at 60 DEG C, is filtrated to get Sargassum crude extract, Sargassum crude extract is transferred to high pressure and goes out after extraction
Ripening sterilizing is carried out in bacterium pot;Then proceed to by micro-filtration membrane, Sargassum crude extract is removed macromole foreign protein, last freezing dry
Sargassum extract is prepared after dry.
Embodiment 3
A kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent, the material including following weight portion prepares: Aquatic product polypeptide 120 parts, camellia seed meal change
Property extract 60 parts, astaxanthin 30 parts, fucoxanthine 30 parts, Margarita powder 20 parts, Sargassum extract 80 parts, 30 parts of calcium chloride and water
1200 parts.Described Aquatic product polypeptide is that molecular weight is at tuna polypeptide interval for 600-1000Da.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Aquatic product polypeptide is as follows:
A, raw material thaw and clean: fish skin is carried out flowing water defrosting, and thawing time is 5h;After thawing completely, fish skin is cleaned.
B, pretreatment of raw material: fish skin is added in the sodium hydroxide solution that 10 times of concentration is 3wt%, defat at 30 DEG C
4h, then takes fish skin and washes.
Glue is endured in c, steaming and decocting: fish skin carries out at 100 DEG C steaming and decocting and endures glue 8h, takes the fish glue from skin of generation, and leads to fish glue from skin
Crossing centrifugal treating to separate with oils and fats, centrifugation rate is 1000r/min.
D, enzymolysis: fish glue from skin is added to and in the enzymolysis solution containing neutral protease, carries out enzymolysis;Wherein neutral protease
Concentration be 0.25wt%, enzymolysis solution quality is 2 times of fish glue from skin quality, and hydrolysis temperature is 45 DEG C, and enzymolysis solution pH is to controlling at 6-
8, enzymolysis time is 30min.
E, charcoal are de-, plate-and-frame filtration: add the activated carbon that quality is enzymolysis solution 1-2wt% in enzymolysis solution, and added by enzymolysis solution
Heat is to 80 DEG C, and decolour 30min;Filter in enzymolysis solution after decolouring is transferred to plate-and-frame filtration pond, take clear liquor.
It is f, isolated and purified: clear liquor to be transferred in foam separation post carry out air-blowing foaming, and collects foam solution, rousing
Water filling in foam separation post while gas;Air-blowing speed is 5L/min, and rate of water injection is 0.3L/min, liquid in foam separation post
The loading height of body and foam separation column internal diameter are than for 10:1, and clear liquor temperature is maintained at 35 DEG C;Foam solution to be collected goes out bubble
After, with ion exchanger, foam solution is carried out heavy metal separation;Adding quality in foam solution after heavy metal separates is foam
The magnetic compatible microsphere of liquid 2% is also uniformly dispersed, and utilizes magnetic field to make magnetic compatible microsphere assemble after standing affine absorption 70min;Point
After separating out magnetic compatible microsphere, with the Tris-HCl buffer that pH value is 7.2, magnetic compatible microsphere is carried out eluting, again with
After magnetic field separation goes out magnetic compatible microsphere, obtain eluent, eluent is stored for future use at 85 DEG C.
Described magnetic compatible microsphere is prepared by following methods: by sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol, chitosan, normal heptane, second
Acid, the water mixed dissolution of 3:1:2:0.5:5:100 in mass ratio, prepare mixed liquor A after stirring;Add mixed in mixed liquor A
Close the ferroferric oxide magnetic powder of liquid A mass 6% and be uniformly dispersed, obtaining mixed liquid B;Mixed liquid B is carried out ultrasound wave dispersion, with
Time in 20min, in mixed liquid B, at the uniform velocity drip the emulsion of mixed liquid B quality 60%, described emulsion is that volume accounting is
The Arlacel-80 dehydrated alcohol mixed liquor of 40%, obtains mixed liquor C;First backward mixed liquor C adds mixed liquor C mass 0.2%
The glutaraldehyde of 98wt% and the calcium chloride solution of the 2.5wt% of mixed liquor C mass 1 times, be sufficiently stirred for, and stands 2h, generates magnetic micro-
Ball;Utilize magnetic field that magnetic microsphere in liquid is assembled, be carried out after taking out magnetic microsphere, be dried;Magnetic microsphere is soaked
Duck in drink swelling 25min, then takes out magnetic microsphere and adds activation 40min, described activation at 45 DEG C in activating solution to
Liquid is made up of the sodium hydroxide solution of 1mol/L, dimethyl sulfoxide and epoxychloropropane 4:1:0.5 by volume.Magnetic microsphere with
The solid-to-liquid ratio of activating solution is 0.5g/mL;Take out magnetic microsphere after activation and clean, by magnetic microsphere and heparin in mass ratio 1.5:
1 mixes, and obtains suspension, regulates suspension pH value to 4-5, then adds suspension vol 1.5 times in suspension
The 1-ethyl-3-dimethylaminopropyl-carbodiimide of 3wt%, at 4 DEG C, stand 18h;Generate magnetic compatible microsphere, finally from outstanding
Supernatant liquid takes out magnetic compatible microsphere, cleans, be dried, standby.
G, concentration: by concentrating in eluent successively input economic benefits and social benefits concentration pan and quadruple effect concentration pan, prepare concentrated solution, institute
State the diopter of concentrated solution to control concentrated solution after 5-6, concentration and store at 60 DEG C.
H, membrane filtration: concentrated solution is carried out remove impurity by two grade of 0.22 mum membrane filter degerming;Wherein membrane filtration temperature
Less than 45 DEG C, single filter pressure is less than 0.25MPa, and cascade filtration pressure is less than 0.4MPa.
I, polypeptide classification: use ultrafilter membrane or NF membrane that the concentrated solution after membrane filtration is separated by molecular weight, obtain
The Aquatic product polypeptide of target molecular weight.
J, spray drying: Aquatic product polypeptide is spray-dried;Vapo(u)rizing temperature is 80 DEG C, Aquatic product polypeptide after spray drying
Moisture content is less than or equal to 5wt%.
The preparation method of described camellia seed meal modification extract is as follows: takes the camellia seed meal after oil expression, pulverizes, by liquid
Gu than 20mL/g camellia seed meal added in the ethanol solution that concentration is 70wt% and stir, ethanol solution is transferred to
Carrying out heating extraction in microwave extraction device, Extracting temperature is 70 DEG C, and extraction time is 2min, and microwave power is 1000W;After extraction
Obtain crude extract, crude extract is filtered, takes filtrate, in filtrate, add the 30wt% hydrogen peroxide of filtrate volume 0.04 times
Solution, heats 10min at 60 DEG C, then adds solution quality 0.6% chitosan in solution, at room temperature stand 20h, from
The heart, it is filtrated to get refining liquid, after being vacuum dried by refining liquid, prepares camellia seed meal extract;Camellia seed meal extract is dissolved in acid
Property solution is joined concentration be 6wt%, pH be the camellia seed meal extract acid solution of 3-4, to camellia seed meal extract in 4h
At the uniform velocity dripping the sodium selenite that quality is camellia seed meal extract 0.6 times in acid solution to react, reaction temperature is 60 DEG C;
Reaction prepares camellia seed meal modification extract through concentration, vacuum drying after terminating.
The preparation method of described Sargassum extract is as follows: mixes unqualified for the Sargassum of chopping with water, prepares concentration after making beating
Seaweed slurry for 30wt%;Adding isopyknic sodium citrate solution in seaweed slurry, prepared pH value is the mixing slurry of 4-6
Material, extracts mixed slurry 2h at 80 DEG C, is filtrated to get Sargassum crude extract, Sargassum crude extract is transferred to high pressure and goes out after extraction
Ripening sterilizing is carried out in bacterium pot;Then proceed to by micro-filtration membrane, Sargassum crude extract is removed macromole foreign protein, last freezing dry
Sargassum extract is prepared after dry.
Raw materials used, equipment in the present invention, unless otherwise noted, is the conventional raw material of this area, equipment;In the present invention
Method therefor, unless otherwise noted, is the conventional method of this area.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not impose any restrictions the present invention, every according to the present invention
Any simple modification, change and the equivalent transformation that above example is made by technical spirit, all still falls within the technology of the present invention side
The protection domain of case.
Claims (8)
1. a nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent, it is characterised in that include that the material of following weight portion prepares: Aquatic product polypeptide 80-
120 parts, camellia seed meal modification extract 40-60 part, astaxanthin 10-30 part, fucoxanthine 10-30 part, Margarita powder 10-20 part,
Sargassum extract 40-80 part, calcium chloride 20-30 part and water 800-1200 part.
2. a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Aquatic product polypeptide is selected from molecule
Measure the anglerfish polypeptide in 1600-4000Da interval, molecular weight at morrhua polypeptide interval for 200-800Da, molecular weight at 600-
The tuna polypeptide that 1000Da is interval.
3. a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the system of described Aquatic product polypeptide
Preparation Method is as follows:
A, raw material thaw and clean: fish skin is carried out flowing water defrosting, and thawing time is 2-5h;After thawing completely, fish skin is cleaned;
B, pretreatment of raw material: fish skin is added in the sodium hydroxide solution that 5-10 times of concentration is 3-5wt%, de-at 20-30 DEG C
Fat 4-6h, then takes fish skin and washes;
Glue is endured in c, steaming and decocting: fish skin carries out at 90-100 DEG C steaming and decocting and endures glue 8-12h, take the fish glue from skin of generation, and to fish glue from skin
Being separated with oils and fats by centrifugal treating, centrifugation rate is 1000r/min;
D, enzymolysis: fish glue from skin is added to and in the enzymolysis solution containing neutral protease, carries out enzymolysis;Wherein neutral protease is dense
Degree is 0.05-0.25wt%, and enzymolysis solution quality is 2-4 times of fish glue from skin quality, and hydrolysis temperature is 30-45 DEG C, and enzymolysis solution pH is to control
System is at 6-8, and enzymolysis time is 30-60min;
E, charcoal are de-, plate-and-frame filtration: add the activated carbon that quality is enzymolysis solution 1-2wt% in enzymolysis solution, and be heated to by enzymolysis solution
70-80 DEG C, decolour 30-50min;Filter in enzymolysis solution after decolouring is transferred to plate-and-frame filtration pond, take clear liquor;
It is f, isolated and purified: clear liquor to be transferred in foam separation post carry out air-blowing foaming, and collects foam solution, in air-blowing
Water filling in foam separation post simultaneously;Air-blowing speed is 3-5L/min, and rate of water injection is 0.1-0.3L/min, in foam separation post
The loading height of liquid and foam separation column internal diameter are than for 8-10:1, and clear liquor temperature is maintained at 25-35 DEG C;Foam to be collected
Liquid goes out after bubble, with ion exchanger, foam solution is carried out heavy metal separation;Foam solution after heavy metal separates adds quality
For the magnetic compatible microsphere of foam solution 1-2% and be uniformly dispersed, after standing affine absorption 50-70min, magnetic field is utilized to make magnetic affine
Microsphere aggregation;After isolating magnetic compatible microsphere, with the Tris-HCl buffer that pH value is 7.2, magnetic compatible microsphere is washed
De-, after going out magnetic compatible microsphere again with magnetic field separation, obtain eluent, eluent is stored for future use at 75-85 DEG C;
G, concentration: will concentrate in eluent successively input economic benefits and social benefits concentration pan and quadruple effect concentration pan, prepare concentrated solution, described dense
The diopter of contracting liquid controls concentrated solution after 5-6, concentration and stores at 50-60 DEG C;
H, membrane filtration: concentrated solution is carried out remove impurity by two grade of 0.22 mum membrane filter degerming;Wherein membrane filtration temperature is less than
45 DEG C, single filter pressure is less than 0.25MPa, and cascade filtration pressure is less than 0.4MPa;
I, polypeptide classification: use ultrafilter membrane or NF membrane that the concentrated solution after membrane filtration is separated by molecular weight, obtain target
The Aquatic product polypeptide of molecular weight;
J, spray drying: Aquatic product polypeptide is spray-dried;Vapo(u)rizing temperature is 80-90 DEG C, Aquatic product polypeptide after spray drying
Moisture content is less than or equal to 5wt%.
4. nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent as claimed in claim 3 a kind of, it is characterised in that described magnetic compatible microsphere by with
Lower section method prepares: by sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol, chitosan, normal heptane, acetic acid, water 2-3:1:2:0.5:3-5 in mass ratio:
100 mixed dissolutions, prepare mixed liquor A after stirring;The ferroso-ferric oxide of mixed liquor A quality 4-6% is added in mixed liquor A
Magnetic powder is also uniformly dispersed, and obtains mixed liquid B;Mixed liquid B carries out ultrasound wave dispersion, and in mixed liquid B, at the uniform velocity dropping is mixed simultaneously
Close the emulsion of liquid B mass 40-60%, obtain mixed liquor C;First backward mixed liquor C adds mixed liquor C mass 0.1-0.2%
The glutaraldehyde of 98wt% and the calcium chloride solution of the 2.5-3.5wt% of mixed liquor C mass 0.5-1 times, be sufficiently stirred for, and stands 1-2h,
Generate magnetic microsphere;Utilize magnetic field that magnetic microsphere in liquid is assembled, be carried out after taking out magnetic microsphere, be dried;Will
Magnetic microsphere is immersed in swelling 15-25min in water, then takes out magnetic microsphere and adds in activating solution alive at 35-45 DEG C
Changing 40-80min, magnetic microsphere is 0.5-1.0g/mL with the solid-to-liquid ratio of activating solution;Take out magnetic microsphere after activation and clean, will
Magnetic microsphere mixes with heparin 1.5-2.5:1 in mass ratio, obtains suspension, regulates suspension pH value to 4-5, then
1-ethyl-3-dimethylaminopropyl-the carbodiimide of the 3wt% of suspension vol 1.5-2.5 times is added, at 4 DEG C in suspension
Stand 12-18h;Generate magnetic compatible microsphere, from suspension, finally take out magnetic compatible microsphere, clean, be dried, standby.
5. a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described emulsion is volume accounting
For the Arlacel-80 dehydrated alcohol mixed liquor of 30-40%, emulsion drips complete in 10-20min.
6. a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described activating solution is by 1mol/L's
Sodium hydroxide solution, dimethyl sulfoxide and epoxychloropropane 4-6:1:0.5-0.7 by volume forms.
7. a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described camellia seed meal modification is extracted
The preparation method of thing is as follows: takes the camellia seed meal after oil expression, pulverizes, and is added by camellia seed meal by liquid-solid ratio 16-20mL/g
In the ethanol solution that concentration is 70-80wt% and stir, ethanol solution being transferred in microwave extraction device carries out heating and carries
Taking, Extracting temperature is 60-70 DEG C, and extraction time is 2-4min, and microwave power is 800-1000W;Crude extract is obtained after extraction, will
Crude extract filters, and takes filtrate, adds the 30wt% hydrogen peroxide solution of filtrate volume 0.02-0.04 times in filtrate,
Heat 10-20min at 50-60 DEG C, in solution, then add solution quality 0.4-0.6% chitosan, at room temperature stand 10-
20h, is centrifuged, is filtrated to get refining liquid, prepares camellia seed meal extract after being vacuum dried by refining liquid;By camellia seed meal extract
Be dissolved in acid solution join concentration be 4-6wt%, pH be the camellia seed meal extract acid solution of 3-4, to oil tea in 2-4h
Seed dregs of rice extract acid solution at the uniform velocity drips the sodium selenite that quality is camellia seed meal extract 0.4-0.6 times react,
Reaction temperature is 60-80 DEG C;Reaction prepares camellia seed meal modification extract through concentration, vacuum drying after terminating.
8. a kind of nonreactive aquatic immune reinforcing agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation of described Sargassum extract
Method is as follows: mixing unqualified for the Sargassum of chopping with water, preparing concentration after making beating is the seaweed slurry of 10-30wt%;Starch to Sargassum
Adding isopyknic sodium citrate solution in material, prepared pH value is the mixed slurry of 4-6, is carried by mixed slurry at 60-80 DEG C
Take 2-4h, after extraction, be filtrated to get Sargassum crude extract, in Sargassum crude extract is transferred to high-pressure sterilizing pot, carry out ripening sterilizing;So
Sargassum crude extract is removed macromole foreign protein by micro-filtration membrane by rear continuation, prepares Sargassum extract after last lyophilization.
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CN106511626A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-03-22 | 重庆文洪水产品养殖有限公司 | Antioxidant antibiotic-free immunoenhancer for aquatic animals and preparation method of antioxidant antibiotic-free immunoenhancer |
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CN114176178A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-15 | 无锡华诺威动物保健品有限公司 | Antibiotic-free immunity-enhancing shrimp and crab feed and preparation method thereof |
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