CN106093591B - A kind of isolated neutral capacitance current of distribution network measuring system and method - Google Patents
A kind of isolated neutral capacitance current of distribution network measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to capacitance current of distribution network measuring techniques, and in particular to a kind of isolated neutral capacitance current of distribution network measuring system and method, measuring system include bus-bar potential transformer, adjustable resistance, frequency conversion voltage source and pressure measuring instrument；Adjustable resistance accesses bus-bar potential transformer tertiary winding both ends after connecting with frequency conversion voltage source, and pressure measuring instrument also accesses bus-bar potential transformer tertiary winding both ends.Solve the problems, such as that the short-circuit impedance of bus-bar potential transformer influences measurement accuracy using the method that measuring system measures, and the influence in view of the residual voltage due to caused by unbalanced power supply degree to signal injection method measurement capacitance current, improve the accuracy of capacitance current of distribution network measurement, using accurate thevenin equivalent circuit model, the direct-to-ground capacitance of system is solved.Measurement process mutual inductor tertiary winding side carry out, do not need change primary equipment wiring, measurement method safe and convenient, as a result accurately and reliably.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement of capacitance and current of a power distribution network, and particularly relates to a system and a method for measuring capacitance and current of a non-grounded neutral point power distribution network.
Background
In the early middle and low voltage distribution network in China, a neutral point ungrounded mode is mostly adopted, when a single-phase grounding fault occurs, the grounding arc can be automatically extinguished under the condition that the capacitance current of the power grid is not large, and the power distribution network can continue to supply power for 1-2 hours with the fault. With the continuous development of a power distribution network of a power system, particularly the large operation of cable lines in an urban power grid, the capacitance current of the line to ground is continuously increased, so that the single-phase grounding fault current of a distribution network line is rapidly increased, a grounding arc is difficult to self-extinguish, and further, an interphase short circuit fault is caused. In order to ensure that various grounding arcs appearing in the power grid can be reliably extinguished, when the system capacitance current is larger than the limit value required by regulations, an arc suppression coil is required to be installed to compensate the grounding capacitance current. The accurate measurement of the capacitance current of the power distribution network is the premise of reasonable compensation of the arc suppression coil, and whether the arc suppression coil is installed or not and the size of the installation capacity depend on the size of the capacitance current measured value.
To avoid operation on the primary side of the grid, the measurement method that is widely used at present is the signal injection method. When measuring the capacitance current of a distribution network with a neutral point not grounded, the method generally selects to inject a pilot frequency signal into an open triangular end of a transformer, and calculates the ground capacitance of the power network by measuring the current of the injected signal and the voltage of the open triangular end. Considering that the short-circuit impedance of the voltage transformer cannot be ignored, some methods reduce the error by adding an adjustable inductor. However, in consideration of the fact that a certain zero sequence voltage exists during the actual operation of the power grid, the zero sequence voltage can be reflected at the triangular end of the opening of the transformer, great influence is brought to the measurement of the voltage, and the error of the measurement result is often large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for measuring capacitance and current of a distribution network with ungrounded neutral points, which can improve the measurement accuracy of the capacitance and current of the distribution network by performing a measurement process on the third winding side of a bus voltage transformer without changing the wiring of primary equipment and considering the influence of zero sequence voltage on a measurement result when a capacitance and current is measured by adopting an injection signal method during the actual operation of a power grid.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a capacitance and current measuring system of a distribution network with a neutral point ungrounded comprises a bus voltage transformer, an adjustable resistor, a variable frequency voltage source and a voltage measuring instrument; the adjustable resistor is connected with the variable frequency voltage source in series and then connected to two ends of the third winding of the bus voltage transformer, and the voltage measuring instrument is also connected to two ends of the third winding of the bus voltage transformer.
In the capacitance and current measurement system of the ungrounded neutral point power distribution network, the third winding of the bus voltage transformer is in open delta connection.
In the capacitance and current measuring system of the ungrounded neutral point power distribution network, the voltage measuring instrument adopts an electromagnetic instrument and is connected to the open triangular end of the bus voltage transformer.
A method for measuring capacitance and current of a distribution network with a neutral point not grounded comprises the following steps:
s1, disconnecting a variable frequency voltage source and an adjustable resistance branch, and measuring open-circuit voltage U0；
S2, setting the output of the variable frequency voltage source to zero, adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to the maximum, connecting the variable frequency voltage source and the adjustable resistor branch, and adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to R1Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument01；
S3, adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to R2Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument02；
S4, keeping the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to be R2The frequency of the output voltage of the variable frequency voltage source is set to be 25Hz and the effective value of the output voltage is E without change1Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument1；
S5, keeping the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to be R2The frequency of the output voltage of the variable frequency voltage source is set to be 75Hz and the effective value of the output voltage is E without change2Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument2；
And S6, solving the capacitance to ground of the power grid according to the data measured in the steps S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, and calculating to obtain the capacitance current value of the power grid.
In the method for measuring the capacitance current of the ungrounded neutral point power distribution network, the variable frequency voltage source in the step S2 is a variable frequency voltage source with an output voltage range of 0-5V and a frequency range of 10Hz-100 Hz; the adjustable resistor is readable with high accuracy and the adjustable resistor is adjustable within the range of 0-5 omega.
In the method for measuring the capacitance current of the ungrounded neutral point power distribution network, if the open-circuit voltage is large in the steps S2 and S3, the resistance value of the adjustable resistor is correspondingly increased, and the adjustment range of the adjustable resistor is 1-3 omega.
In the method for measuring the capacitance current of the distribution network with the neutral point not grounded, the output voltage of the variable frequency voltage source is set to be about 5V in the steps S4 and S5, and the normal operation of the power grid is not influenced.
In the method for measuring the capacitance and current of the ungrounded neutral point power distribution network, the step S6 of solving the capacitance and current values of the power grid to ground and the power grid includes the following steps:
s61, obtaining R and | X50|；
According to the steps S1, S2, S3, the following equation set is obtained:
wherein, U0Is an open circuit voltage; c0Converting the capacitance to the ground of the power grid of the third winding of the bus voltage transformer; r and L are leakage resistance and leakage inductance converted from the bus voltage transformer to a third winding; x50Is a capacitor C0And the reactance of the inductor L under the power frequency of 50 Hz;
solving (1) to obtain R and | X50|；
S62, calculating UE1And UE2；
According to the steps S4 and S5:
wherein, U02Is a voltage source U0Effective value of voltage, U, of measuring point when acting aloneE1The effective value of the output voltage is U when the output frequency of the variable frequency voltage source is 25HzE2Outputting a voltage effective value when the output frequency of the variable frequency voltage source is 75 Hz;
obtaining U by resolving (2)E1And UE2；
S63, obtaining | X25I and I X75|；
From the principle of partial pressure, it is possible to obtain:
wherein, X25Is a capacitor C0And the reactance, X, of the inductance L at 25Hz75Is a capacitor C0And inductance L is at 7Reactance at 5 Hz;
solving (3) to obtain | X25I and I X75|；
S64, calculating the capacitance C0；
Comparing | X obtained in the steps S61 and S6350|、|X25I and I X75The size of |;
a. if | X75If | is minimum, then there is
b. If | X50If | is minimum, then there is
c. If | X25If | is minimum, then there is
Wherein, ω is75、ω50And ω25Angular frequencies corresponding to frequencies 75Hz, 50Hz and 25Hz, respectively;
the capacitance C is obtained by solving (4), (5) and (6)0；
S65, the capacitor C obtained in the step S640Conversion into the capacitance to ground C of the network0′；
The conversion formula is as follows:
wherein k is13The transformation ratio of the first winding to the third winding of the voltage transformer is shown;
s66, finally, solving the capacitance current of the power grid:
wherein, ICIs the capacitive current of the power grid,and the voltage of the power grid is rated.
In order to solve the problem that the short-circuit impedance of a bus voltage transformer affects the measurement precision, and consider the influence of zero sequence voltage on the measurement of capacitance current by a signal injection method due to the unbalance degree of a power grid, and improve the measurement accuracy of the capacitance current of a power distribution network, the provided capacitance current measurement system of the power distribution network with the ungrounded neutral point comprises the bus voltage transformer, an adjustable resistor, a variable-frequency voltage source and a voltage measuring instrument; when the bus voltage transformer is in a normal working state, the third winding of the bus voltage transformer is in an open delta connection method, a variable frequency voltage source is connected with an adjustable resistor in series and then connected to an open delta end of the bus voltage transformer, and the voltage measuring instrument is an electromagnetic instrument and is connected to the open delta end of the bus voltage transformer and used for measuring a voltage effective value.
Meanwhile, a method for measuring the capacitance and current of the ungrounded neutral point power distribution network is also provided, and comprises the following steps:
1) disconnecting the variable frequency voltage source and the adjustable resistance branch circuit, and measuring open-circuit voltage;
2) setting the output of the variable frequency voltage source to zero, adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to the maximum, connecting the variable frequency voltage source and the adjustable resistor branch, adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and recording the reading of the voltage measuring instrument;
3) changing the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and recording the reading of the voltage measuring instrument;
4) keeping the resistance value of the adjustable resistor unchanged, setting a variable frequency voltage source to output 25Hz voltage, and recording the reading of the voltage measuring instrument;
5) keeping the resistance value of the adjustable resistor unchanged, setting a variable frequency voltage source to output 75Hz voltage, and recording the reading of the voltage measuring instrument;
in the step 1), the output voltage range of the selected variable frequency voltage source is 0-5V, the frequency range is 10Hz-100Hz, the adjusting range of the selected adjustable resistor is 0-5 omega, the resistance value is readable, and the precision is high.
In the above steps 2) and 3), the adjustable resistance value is adjusted properly within the range of 1-3 Ω, and is not too small or too large, and in order to improve the measurement accuracy, if the open-circuit voltage is large, the resistance value can be adjusted correspondingly larger.
In the steps 4) and 5), the output voltage of the variable-frequency voltage source can be set to about 5V, and the normal operation of the power grid cannot be influenced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: under the condition of considering the zero sequence voltage of the system and the short-circuit impedance of the mutual inductor, the accurate Thevenin equivalent circuit model is adopted to solve the capacitance to ground of the system. The influence of the short-circuit impedance of the voltage transformer on the measurement result is avoided in principle, and the problem of power frequency voltage interference which cannot be avoided when the capacitance current is measured by a common signal injection method is solved. The measuring process is carried out on the third winding side of the mutual inductor, primary equipment wiring does not need to be changed, and the measuring method is safe and convenient. The problem of when adopting the injection signal method to measure the electric capacity current, the zero sequence voltage of electric wire netting when actually operating influences the measuring result is solved, and the measuring result is accurate reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the system comprises a bus voltage transformer 1, an adjustable resistor 2, a variable frequency voltage source 3, a voltage measuring instrument 4, a third winding opening end mark A and a third winding opening end mark B.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a capacitance and current measurement system of a non-grounded neutral point power distribution network according to an embodiment of the invention, and the system comprises a bus voltage transformer 1, an adjustable resistor 2, a variable frequency voltage source 3 and a voltage measuring instrument 4; the adjustable resistor 2 is connected with the variable frequency voltage source 3 in series and then connected to two ends of a third winding of the bus voltage transformer 1, and the voltage measuring instrument 4 is also connected to two ends of the third winding of the bus voltage transformer 1.
In the capacitance and current measurement system for the distribution network with the ungrounded neutral point, the third winding of the bus voltage transformer 1 is in open delta connection. The voltage measuring instrument 4 is an electromagnetic instrument and is connected to the opening triangular end of the bus voltage transformer 1.
During specific implementation, the capacitance and current measuring system of the ungrounded neutral point power distribution network comprises a bus voltage transformer 1, an adjustable resistor 2, a variable frequency voltage source 3 and a voltage measuring instrument 4. The bus voltage transformer 1 is in a normal working state, a third winding of the bus voltage transformer is in an open delta connection method, the open end is marked as A, B, the adjustable resistor 2 is connected with the variable frequency voltage source 3 in series and then connected to the two ends A, B of the bus voltage transformer, and the voltage measuring instrument 4 is an electromagnetic instrument and is connected to the two ends A, B of the bus voltage transformer and used for measuring the effective voltage value of the open delta end.
FIG. 2 shows a method for measuring capacitance and current of a non-grounded neutral point power distribution network by using the measuring system, which is caused by the unbalance degree of the power distribution networkInfluence, a zero sequence voltage, U, is generated at the open delta end of the voltage transformer0Namely the opening voltage of the opening triangular end of the voltage transformer. Looking into the power grid from the ends A, B, the Thevenin equivalent circuit is shown as part I in FIG. 2, and the open circuit voltage is U0；C0Converting the capacitance of the power grid to the ground to a third winding of the voltage transformer; and R and L are the leakage resistance and the leakage inductance converted from the voltage transformer to the third winding. In addition, R' is an adjustable resistor; and E is a variable frequency voltage source.
The measuring method specifically comprises the following steps:
① disconnecting variable frequency voltage source and adjustable resistance branch circuit to measure open circuit voltage U0；
② setting the output of variable frequency voltage source to zero and the resistance of adjustable resistor to maximum, connecting variable frequency voltage source and branch of adjustable resistor to adjust the resistance of adjustable resistor to R1Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument01；
③ adjusting the resistance of the adjustable resistor to R2Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument02；
④ keeping the adjustable resistor at R2The frequency of the output voltage of the variable frequency voltage source is set to be 25Hz and the effective value of the output voltage is set to be E1Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument1；
⑤ keeping the adjustable resistor at R2The frequency of the output voltage of the variable frequency voltage source is set to be 75Hz and the effective value of the output voltage is set to be E2Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument2；
From the above steps ①, ②, ③, the following system of equations is obtained:
wherein X50Is a capacitor C0And the reactance of the inductor L at the power frequency of 50Hz, and the R and the | X can be obtained by the equation set50|。
The principle of the above steps ④, ⑤ is as follows:
voltage source U at two different frequencies0And E1Or E2Under the combined action of the two sensors, the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument1Or U2The following relation is provided between the effective value of the voltage of the measuring point when the two power supplies respectively act independently:
wherein, U02Is a voltage source U0Effective value of voltage, U, of measuring point when acting aloneE1The effective value of the output voltage is U when the output frequency of the variable frequency voltage source is 25HzE2The voltage effective value is output when the output frequency of the variable frequency voltage source is 75 Hz. U can be obtained according to the formulaE1And UE2。
From the principle of partial pressure, the following system of equations can be obtained:
in the above formula, X25Is a capacitor C0And the reactance, X, of the inductance L at 25Hz75Is a capacitor C0And the reactance of the inductance L at 75 Hz. Substituting the data into a system of equations to obtain | X25I and I X75|。
⑥ from the obtained | X50|、|X25I and I X75L, calculating the earth capacitance C of the power grid0The method comprises the following steps:
determine | X50|、|X25I and I X75The size of the | is such that,
a. if | X75' MaxSmall, then have
b. If | X50If l is minimum, then there is
c. If | X25If l is minimum, then there is
In the above formula, omega75、ω50And ω25The angular frequencies corresponding to the frequencies 75Hz, 50Hz and 25Hz respectively, and C is obtained by solving the equation system0。
⑦ C to be finally determined0Conversion into the capacitance to ground C of the network0', conversion formula isWherein k is13Is the transformation ratio of the first winding to the third winding of the voltage transformer.
Capacitive current of an electrical networkWherein,and the voltage of the power grid is rated.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the specific embodiment of the invention, three groups of different capacitance values are set in Matlab/Simulink for simulation analysis respectively, wherein the first group is 3 muF, 3.05 muF and 3.1 muF; the second group is 10 muF, 10.3 muF and 10.5 muF; the third group was 30.1. mu.F, 30.5. mu.F, 30.8. mu.F.
The ground capacitance of the systems with different combinations is respectively simulated, and the obtained data is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 simulation measurement data and calculation results under different combinations of capacitance to ground
In the simulation result, the measurement errors under different grounding capacitor combinations are within 2%, and the method of the specific embodiment is verified to be effective and to have higher accuracy.
The specific implementation mode adopts an accurate Thevenin equivalent circuit model to solve the ground capacitance of the system. The influence of the short-circuit impedance of the voltage transformer on the measurement result is avoided in principle, and the problem of power frequency voltage interference which cannot be avoided when the capacitance current is measured by a common signal injection method is solved.
It should be understood that parts of the specification not set forth in detail are well within the prior art.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely illustrative and that various changes or modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is only limited by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A capacitance and current measuring method for a distribution network with a neutral point ungrounded comprises a bus voltage transformer, an adjustable resistor, a variable frequency voltage source and a voltage measuring instrument; the adjustable resistor is connected with a variable frequency voltage source in series and then is connected to two ends of a third winding of the bus voltage transformer, and the voltage measuring instrument is also connected to two ends of the third winding of the bus voltage transformer; the third winding of the bus voltage transformer is in open delta connection; the voltage measuring instrument adopts an electromagnetic instrument and is connected to the opening triangular end of the bus voltage transformer;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, disconnecting a variable frequency voltage source and an adjustable resistance branch, and measuring open-circuit voltage U0；
S2, setting the output of the variable frequency voltage source to zero, adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to the maximum, connecting the variable frequency voltage source and the adjustable resistor branch, and adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to R1Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument01；
S3, adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to R2Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument02；
S4, keeping the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to be R2The frequency of the output voltage of the variable frequency voltage source is set to be 25Hz and the effective value of the output voltage is E without change1Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument1；
S5, keeping the resistance value of the adjustable resistor to be R2The frequency of the output voltage of the variable frequency voltage source is set to be 75Hz and the effective value of the output voltage is E without change2Record the reading U of the voltage measuring instrument2；
S6, solving the ground capacitance of the power grid according to the data measured in the steps S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, and calculating to obtain the capacitance current value of the power grid;
the variable frequency voltage source in the step S2 is a variable frequency voltage source with an output voltage range of 0-5V and a frequency range of 10Hz-100 Hz; the adjustable resistor is readable with a high-precision resistance value, and the adjusting range is 0-5 omega;
if the open-circuit voltage is large in the steps S2 and S3, the resistance value of the adjustable resistor is correspondingly increased, and the adjustment range of the adjustable resistor is 1-3 omega;
in the steps S4 and S5, the output voltage of the variable frequency voltage source is set to be about 5V, and the normal operation of the power grid is not influenced on the principle;
the step S6 of solving the capacitance to ground and the capacitance current value of the power grid includes the following steps:
s61, obtaining R and | X50|；
According to the steps S1, S2, S3, the following equation set is obtained:
wherein, U0Is an open circuit voltage; c0Converting the capacitance to the ground of the power grid of the third winding of the bus voltage transformer; r and L are leakage resistance and leakage inductance converted from the bus voltage transformer to a third winding; x50Is a capacitor C0And the reactance of the leakage inductance L under the power frequency of 50 Hz;
solving (1) to obtain R and | X50|；
S62, calculating UE1And UE2；
According to the steps S4 and S5:
wherein, UE1The effective value of the output voltage is U when the output frequency of the variable frequency voltage source is 25HzE2Outputting a voltage effective value when the output frequency of the variable frequency voltage source is 75 Hz;
obtaining U by resolving (2)E1And UE2；
S63, obtaining | X25I and I X75|；
From the principle of partial pressure, it is possible to obtain:
wherein, X25Is a capacitor C0And reactance of leakage inductance L at 25Hz, X75Is a capacitor C0And the reactance of the leakage inductance L at 75 Hz;
solving (3) to obtain | X25I and I X75|；
S64, calculating the capacitance C0；
Comparing | X obtained in the steps S61 and S6350|、|X25I and I X75The size of |;
a. if | X75If | is minimum, then there is
b. If | X50If | is minimum, then there is
c. If | X25If | is minimum, then there is
Wherein, ω is75、ω50And ω25Angular frequencies corresponding to frequencies 75Hz, 50Hz and 25Hz, respectively;
the capacitance C is obtained by solving (4), (5) and (6)0；
S65, the capacitor C obtained in the step S640Conversion into ground capacitance C 'of power grid'0；
The conversion formula is as follows:
wherein k is13The transformation ratio from the first winding to the third winding of the bus voltage transformer is shown;
s66, finally, solving the capacitance current of the power grid:
wherein, ICIs the capacitive current of the power grid,and operating phase voltage for the power grid.
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| CN106771648A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 国网天津市电力公司 | A kind of capacitance current of distribution network measuring method based on improvement signal injection method |
| CN107870265B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2019-05-21 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of power-to-ground capacitance detection method based on high-precision DFT |
| CN107796989B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-11-26 | 国网山东省电力公司济宁供电公司 | A kind of capacitance current of distribution network On-line Measuring Method |
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| CN109510187B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-10-16 | 杭州求是电力技术有限公司 | Resonant grounding system fault phase residual voltage suppression method based on active adjustable complex impedance accurate tuning control |
| CN109870629B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-03-26 | 国网江西省电力有限公司南昌供电分公司 | Fault simulation system and method based on neutral point grounding mode |
| CN110470899B (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2021-08-27 | 中山职业技术学院 | Method for measuring capacitance current of power distribution network based on membership function |
| CN110967597B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2022-03-11 | 安徽电气工程职业技术学院 | Method for detecting capacitance current to ground |
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