CN106093303B - 烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法 - Google Patents
烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106093303B CN106093303B CN201610403706.1A CN201610403706A CN106093303B CN 106093303 B CN106093303 B CN 106093303B CN 201610403706 A CN201610403706 A CN 201610403706A CN 106093303 B CN106093303 B CN 106093303B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seed
- mutant
- voriconazole
- culture mediums
- concentration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- BCEHBSKCWLPMDN-MGPLVRAMSA-N voriconazole Chemical compound C1([C@H](C)[C@](O)(CN2N=CN=C2)C=2C(=CC(F)=CC=2)F)=NC=NC=C1F BCEHBSKCWLPMDN-MGPLVRAMSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229960004740 voriconazole Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PLUBXMRUUVWRLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound CCOS(C)(=O)=O PLUBXMRUUVWRLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008117 seed development Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000003255 Carthamus tinctorius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 244000020518 Carthamus tinctorius Species 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 7
- OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-(24xi)-24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)C=CC(C)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-Dehydrostigmasterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)C=CC(CC)C(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HZYXFRGVBOPPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD88870 Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)=CCC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 HZYXFRGVBOPPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Sitostanol Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N stigmasterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)/C=C/[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000016831 stigmasterol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940032091 stigmasterol Drugs 0.000 description 6
- BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N stigmasterol Natural products CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCCC2C3CC=C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(C)C BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-FGAXOLDCSA-N Campesterol Natural products O[C@@H]1CC=2[C@@](C)([C@@H]3[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@H](CC[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC4)CC3)CC=2)CC1 SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-FGAXOLDCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BTEISVKTSQLKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N Haliclonasterol Natural products CC(C=CC(C)C(C)(C)C)C1CCC2C3=CC=C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C BTEISVKTSQLKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-PODYLUTMSA-N campesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@@H](C)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-PODYLUTMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000000431 campesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound C1CC=CC1 LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000219 mutagenic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003505 mutagenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AXFBAIOSECPASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacyclo[6.6.2.02,7.04,16.011,15]hexadeca-1(14),2(7),3,5,8(16),9,11(15),12-octaene Chemical compound C1=C(C=C23)C4=C5C3=CC=CC5=CC=C4C2=C1 AXFBAIOSECPASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N sitosterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000056139 Brassica cretica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003351 Brassica cretica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003343 Brassica rupestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000009030 Carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010009944 Colon cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001333 Colorectal Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000002004 Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010015742 Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000615488 Homo sapiens Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000209510 Liliopsida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282346 Meles meles Species 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102100021299 Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000036579 abiotic stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide Chemical compound ClCCSCCCl QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000019065 cervical carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002962 chemical mutagen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009025 developmental regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001233957 eudicotyledons Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003163 gonadal steroid hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Substances CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 208000018875 hypoxemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037353 metabolic pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010460 mustard Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YLLIGHVCTUPGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;ethanol;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].CCO YLLIGHVCTUPGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009103 reabsorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026267 regulation of growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 sterol backbone Hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004808 supercritical fluid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/04—Preparation or injection of sample to be analysed
- G01N30/06—Preparation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N2030/022—Column chromatography characterised by the kind of separation mechanism
- G01N2030/025—Gas chromatography
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,包括以下步骤:⑴、用甲基磺酸乙酯处理烟草种子,获得M1代种子;⑵、对M1代种子进行种植,成熟后单株收获,获得M2代种子;⑶、配制梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基;⑷、利用步骤⑶梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基,培育烟草种子,根据烟草种子的生长发育,获得烟草种子生长发育对应的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基的梯度浓度;⑸、采用步骤⑷梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基,来培育M2代种子,根据M2代种子的生长发育状态,筛选烟草甾醇含量最低和最高的突变体。本发明筛选方法操作简单、成本低、效率高,可适用于大量突变体和群体单株筛选。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及烟草技术领域,尤其是一种烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法。
背景技术
植物甾醇是植物性甾体化合物,其结构类似于动物性甾醇,广泛存在于植物根、茎、叶、果实和种子中,其基本结构为环戊氢化菲体系。植物甾醇不仅是植物细胞的重要组成成分,也是一种重要的植物活性成分。研究发现植物甾醇不仅参与植物的生长发育调控,而且通过植物甾醇含量的相对变化响应各种生物胁迫和非生物胁迫,如病原体、干旱、盐碱、极端温度、低氧、光照、ABA和UV-B等。植物甾醇作为信号分子参与逆境胁迫反应,在植物中发挥重要作用,被誉为“生命的钥匙”。
此外,植物甾醇具有重要的药用价值,对人类生活具有重要意义。目前已经研究证明植物甾醇可以促进胆固醇的异化,抑制胆固醇在肝脏内的生物合成和在肠道内的吸收,从而预防心血管疾病;胆固醇作为细胞膜的主要成分,参与血液中脂质的运输;β-谷甾醇等植物甾醇能够阻断致癌物诱发癌细胞的形成,因而对大肠癌、皮肤癌、宫颈癌的发生具有一定程度的抑制作用。植物甾醇促进人体内新陈代谢,与肾小管的重吸收作用有关,维持第二性征。植物甾醇在体内能表现出一定的激素活性,但却无激素的副作用。当人体激素水平高于正常值时,植物甾醇能够阻碍胆激素吸收的作用,降低人体激素水平;当人体激素水平低于正常值时,植物甾醇会转化成人体内的激素,提高人体激素水平。
目前烟草中已报道植物甾醇主要有胆甾醇,菜油甾醇,豆甾醇和β-谷甾醇。烟草中的植物甾醇主要存在于细胞膜中,不但能促进烟草生长,而且对烟草安全、品质都有较大的影响。研究表明,烟草中的甾醇是卷烟烟气致癌物多环芳烃的主要前体物,卷烟烟气中61%的苯并[α]芘是由甾醇裂解产生的。在卷烟抽吸时约有20%-25%的烟草植物甾醇完整的转移到主流和侧流烟气中,甾醇中的羟基,高温热解时会与其母体的四轮环戊烯[α]菲环结构形成稠环芳烃化合物。Stedman的研究表明豆甾醇在750℃下热解生成苯并[α]芘;Badger表明,在豆甾醇的裂解过程中,发生了甾醇骨架的一系列单分子反应后形成了菲,蒽等多环芳烃。因此,获得甾醇突变体植株对培育高品质、低危害烟草品种以及植物甾醇活性物质提取研究都具有重要意义。但是,目前烟草中甾醇的分析方法主要采用定量分析法,该方法样品前期需要经过多个工序处理,致使其测定周期较长,步骤繁琐,不适用于大批量材料的筛选。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提出一种烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,操作简便,实施效果好。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:一种烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,包括以下步骤:
⑴、用甲基磺酸乙酯处理烟草种子,获得M1代种子;
⑵、对M1代种子进行种植,成熟后单株收获,获得M2代种子;
⑶、配制梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基;
⑷、利用步骤⑶梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基,培育烟草种子,根据烟草种子的生长发育,获得烟草种子生长发育对应的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基的梯度浓度;
⑸、采用步骤⑷梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基,来培育M2代种子,根据M2代种子的生长发育状态,筛选烟草甾醇含量最低和最高的突变体。
优选的,步骤⑴为:用pH 6.5的0.01mol/L磷酸缓冲液作为溶剂,配置体积浓度为0.6%的甲基磺酸乙酯溶液;将烟草种子加入甲基磺酸乙酯溶液中,放置于26℃、110rpm的摇床内,处理16小时。
优选的,摇床处理后的种子,用pH 6.5的0.01mol/L磷酸缓冲液每隔半小时润洗一次,洗3次后用蒸馏水冲洗2h。
优选的,步骤⑶包括:
①、配制100μM伏立康唑溶液;
②、1/2MS培养基配制:称取MS培养基粉末2.37g,加热溶解于1000ml蒸馏水中,116℃高压灭菌30min备用;
③、设置梯度浓度:将梯度浓度的伏立康唑溶液分别加入1/2MS培养基中,得到梯度浓度的伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基。
优选的,烟草种子为红花大金元。
优选的,步骤⑶的浓度梯度为0.01μΜ、0.03μΜ、0.1μΜ、0.3μΜ、1μΜ、3μΜ和10μΜ。
优选的,步骤⑷或步骤⑸中,获得烟草种子生长发育对应的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基的梯度浓度为:1μM和3μM。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:利用不同浓度伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基探索红花大金元对伏立康唑的敏感性,从而筛选出红花大金元正常生长和生长受到抑制时伏立康唑的临界浓度,其次,利用上述临界浓度,筛选红花大金元EMS突变体,获得烟草低甾醇含量突变体和烟草高甾醇含量突变体。该方法能够对烟叶总甾醇物质进行定性检测,筛选方法操作简单、成本低、效率高,可适用于大量突变体和群体单株筛选。
附图说明
图1为甾醇抑制剂福利康挫筛选红花大金元;
图2为甾醇抑制剂福利康挫筛选红花大金元突变体。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述,本部分的描述仅是示范性和解释性,不应对本发明的保护范围有任何的限制作用。
一种烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,包括以下步骤:
1)用化学诱变剂甲基磺酸乙酯(sthyl methyl sulfonate,EMS)处理烟草种子,获得M1代种子;
2)对M1代种子进行种植,成熟后单株收获,获得M2代种子;
3)制备含不同浓度甾醇抑制剂伏立康唑(Voriconazole)的1/2MS培养基。首先,配制1 00μM伏立康唑溶液:称取0.01g伏立康唑,加入286ml无菌水,混匀,棕色瓶保存备用。其次,配制1/2MS培养基:称取MS培养基粉末2.37g,加热溶解于1000ml蒸馏水中,116℃高压灭菌30min备用。最后,设置梯度浓度:根据实验要求设计含有不同浓度伏立康唑的梯度1/2MS培养基。
4)利用含0.00μΜ(对照)、0.01μΜ、0.03μΜ、0.1μΜ、0.3μΜ、1μΜ、3μΜ、10μΜ伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基,探索不同浓度伏立康唑抑制烟草红花大金元的生长情况。
5)甾醇含量的突变体的筛选。利用摸索好的适宜浓度的甾醇抑制剂伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基从烟草突变体中筛选低甾醇含量的突变体。
本发明利用筛选出的临界浓度对EMS诱变的红花大金元500个M2代家系进行筛选,获得高伏立康唑浓度下正常生长的突变体和低伏立康唑浓度下生长受到抑制的突变体材料。最后参照《衍生化气相色谱质谱联用法同时测定烟叶多种植物甾醇》定量测定烟草品种红花大金元和伏立康唑法筛选获得的突变体单株中菜油甾醇、豆甾醇和β谷甾醇的含量,以此验证伏立康唑法定性筛选甾醇突变体的准确性。
伏利康唑能够通过抑制细胞色素P450依赖性14-α-固醇去甲基酶的活性,进而抑制功能性真菌膜的形成和维持真菌生长的甾醇的生物合成,使得细胞膜合成受阻,细胞破裂死亡。伏立康唑的植物生长调控特性和相关的苯三唑被鉴定具有抑制包括模式生物拟南芥在内的大多数双子叶植物和单子叶植物体内甾醇生物合成的能力,进而影响植物生长发育。烟草甾醇突变体的筛选和深入研究,有助于深入认识甾醇合成代谢途径的分子机理。通过筛选甾醇合成代谢突变体,高甾醇突变体材料可以作为生物反应器提取甾醇作为药物生产原料;低甾醇突变体材料可以用于培育低害烟草品种。
本发明具体操作步骤如下:
(1)种子诱变处理:用pH 6.5的0.01mol/L磷酸缓冲液(Na2HPO4·12H2O-NaH2PO4·H2O)作为溶剂,配置浓度为0.6%的EMS溶液(V/V)。将红花大金元的种子加入EMS溶液中,放置于26℃、110rpm的摇床内,诱变处理16小时。处理后种子用pH 6.5的0.01mol/L磷酸缓冲液每隔半小时润洗一次,洗3次后用蒸馏水冲洗2h。经EMS诱变获得的烟草种子即为M1代种子。
(2)突变体种植:M1代种子播种后移栽大田,单株成熟后收获M2代种子。
(3)突变体种子消毒:选取红花大金元和500份红花大金元突变体M2代材料,分别取适量种子,加入无菌水配制的70%乙醇冲洗30s,再用无菌水洗涤3次,每次1min。加入无菌水配制的10%H2O2浸泡10min,再用无菌水洗涤5次。
(4)不同浓度伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基的制备
1)100μM伏立康唑溶液配制:称取0.01g伏立康唑,加入286ml无菌水,混匀,棕色瓶保存备用。
2)1/2MS培养基配制:称取MS培养基粉末2.37g,加热溶解于1000ml蒸馏水中,116℃高压灭菌30min备用。
3)设置梯度浓度:根据实验要求设计含有不同浓度伏立康唑的梯度1/2MS培养基。如下所示:
(5)适宜的甾醇抑制剂伏立康唑浓度筛选:首先检测烟草烤烟品种红花大金元在不同浓度伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基上的生长情况,探索不同浓度伏立康唑抑制红大生长情况。
将消毒后的烟草红花大金元种子分别点播于含0.00μΜ(对照)、0.01μΜ、0.03μΜ、0.1μΜ、0.3μΜ、1μΜ、3μΜ、10μΜ伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基上,保鲜膜密封后将培养皿放置于人工气候室内,培养条件温度25℃,45天后用测量尺测量植株大小及根长。结果发现,烤烟红花大金元在不同浓度伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基上生长情况如下:与对照(不添加伏立康唑)相比,在浓度为0.01μΜ、0.03μΜ、0.1μΜ、0.3μΜ、1μΜ培养基上,红花大金元整个植株正常生长,根长与对照一致;在浓度为3μΜ条件下红花大金元幼苗和根部生长发育明显受到抑制;在浓度为10μΜ条件下,幼苗和根部生长受到更强的抑制性。说明甾醇抑制剂伏立康唑影响烟苗的发育,出现矮小表型,而且随着浓度不断增大,抑制性逐渐明显(图1)。
(6)甾醇突变体的定性筛选
初期筛选发现,红花大金元在含3μM伏立康唑浓度下发育受阻,1μM浓度下正常发育。因此,选择含1μM和3μM伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基作为选择培养基,从烟草突变体中筛选在1μM伏立康唑浓度下筛选发育受阻的突变体材料,在3μM浓度下筛选生长正常的突变体材料。将消毒后的500份EMS诱导的红花大金元突变体M2代单株种子分别点播于适宜浓度的伏立康唑的1/2MS平板培养基上。每个单株点种30粒,以红花大金元作为对照,保鲜膜密封后将培养皿放置于人工气候室内,培养条件温度25℃,45天后,用测量尺测量植株大小及根长。结果共获得3份1μM伏立康唑浓度下发育受阻的突变体MHE00083、MHE00098和MHE00099,2份发育3μM浓度下生长正常的突变体MHE000065和MHE00079(图2;表1)。
表1衍生化气相色谱质谱联用法测定伏立康唑筛选的突变体中甾醇含量
(7)烟草突变体中甾醇含量定量分析验证伏立康唑法定性筛选甾醇突变体的准确性
对已经获得的3份1μM伏立康唑浓度下发育受阻的突变体,2份3μM浓度下生长发育正常的突变体,进一步移栽后打顶工艺成熟期,经对现有技术文献的检索发现,参照《衍生化气相色谱质谱联用法同时测定烟叶多种植物甾醇》测定突变体中菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β谷甾醇含量。具体方法如下:将1μM伏立康唑浓度下生长抑制的突变体和3μM浓度下生长正常的突变体植株以及对照红花大金元植株移栽至假植盘中,约1个月后移植到大田。打顶后工艺成熟期取中部3片烟叶,将鲜烟叶样品带回实验室,去主脉,放入DHG-9240A电热恒温鼓风干燥箱105℃杀青10min,然后在60℃条件下烘干。烟叶切丝后40℃干燥处理8h,粉碎后混匀过40目筛。准确称取5.0000g烟末(精确至0.0001g),用100mL丙酮超声提取30min,抽提液低压蒸干,加入25mL 1%(V/V)的硫酸乙醇溶液,75℃搅拌水解4h,冷却至室温,加入50mL2.0mol/L氢氧化钾乙醇溶液,80℃皂化60min,冷却至室温,加入35mL饱和氯化钠水溶液,用正己烷萃取3次,合并萃取液,用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤至中性,加入10g无水硫酸钠,干燥过夜。将滤液浓缩蒸干,加入8mL无水吡啶,再加入500μL 6-酮胆甾烷醇(内标),置于10mL衍生化试管中,依次加入0.4mL六甲基二硅胺烷和0.2mL三甲基氯硅烷,常温振荡1min,静置10min,离心5min(3000r/min),取上清液,过0.22μm有机相微滤膜,取滤液立即进行GC/MS分析。气相色谱条件:色谱柱-[HP-5MS(60m×0.25mm×0.25μm)];进样量2.0μL,分流比10:1;进样口温度280℃;载气-He;流速2.0mL/min;程序升温180℃下保持10min,然后以35℃/min的速率升至275℃,保持42min。质谱条件:离子源温度230℃;四极杆温度150℃;EI源;电离电压70eV;辅助加热区280℃;采集模式-全扫描(Scan)与选择离子检测(SIM)同时采集。结果发现,红花大金元中菜油甾醇、豆甾醇和β谷甾醇总含量为758.05mg/kg,而突变体MHE00083、MHE00098和MHE00099三种甾醇总含量分别为475.43mg/kg、414.71mg/kg和359.09mg/kg,突变体MHE000865和MHE00079中三种甾醇总含量分别为1074.80mg/kg和1201.35mg/kg(表1)。3μM浓度下生长正常的突变体单株三种甾醇总含量远远大于1μM伏立康唑浓度下发育受阻的突变体单株三种甾醇总含量。该结果说明利用抑制剂伏立康唑能够有效的筛选甾醇含量突变体。
本发明优点:烟草中常见甾醇的分析方法有衍生化气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法、超临界流体色谱法和气相色谱质谱联用法等。这些植物甾醇定量分析的方法需经过样品处理,(烟苗移植到大田长至成株时期采样、烘干、研磨)萃取分离,纯化富集,定量检测等分析步骤。这些方法测定周期长,步骤繁琐,不适用于大批量材料的筛选。本次报道了一种简易的定性筛选烟草甾醇含量突变体的方法,并利用标准的GC/MS定量测定甾醇的方法对筛选结果进行了验证分析,该方法能够对烟叶总甾醇物质进行定性检测,筛选方法操作简单、成本低、效率高,可适用于大量突变体和群体单株筛选。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,包括以下步骤:
⑴、用甲基磺酸乙酯处理烟草种子,获得M1代种子;
⑵、对M1代种子进行种植,成熟后单株收获,获得M2代种子;
⑶、配制梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基;
⑷、利用步骤⑶梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基,培育烟草种子,根据烟草种子的生长发育,获得烟草种子生长发育对应的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基的梯度浓度:1μM和3μM;
⑸、采用步骤⑷梯度浓度的含伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基,来培育M2代种子,根据M2代种子的生长发育状态,筛选烟草甾醇含量最低和最高的突变体。
2.如权利要求1所述烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,其特征在于:步骤⑴为:用pH 6.5的0.01mol/L磷酸缓冲液作为溶剂,配置体积浓度为0.6%的甲基磺酸乙酯溶液;将烟草种子加入甲基磺酸乙酯溶液中,放置于26℃、110rpm的摇床内,处理16小时。
3.如权利要求2所述烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,其特征在于:摇床处理后的种子,用pH 6.5的0.01mol/L磷酸缓冲液每隔半小时润洗一次,洗3次后用蒸馏水冲洗2h。
4.如权利要求1所述烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,其特征在于:步骤⑶包括:
①、配制100μM伏立康唑溶液;
②、1/2MS培养基配制:称取MS培养基粉末2.37g,加热溶解于1000ml蒸馏水中,116℃高压灭菌30min备用;
③、设置梯度浓度:将梯度浓度的伏立康唑溶液分别加入1/2MS培养基中,得到梯度浓度的伏立康唑的1/2MS培养基。
5.如权利要求1所述烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,其特征在于:烟草种子为红花大金元。
6.如权利要求5所述烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法,其特征在于:步骤⑶的浓度梯度为0.01μΜ、0.03μΜ、0.1μΜ、0.3μΜ、1μΜ、3μΜ和10μΜ。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610403706.1A CN106093303B (zh) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | 烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610403706.1A CN106093303B (zh) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | 烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106093303A CN106093303A (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
CN106093303B true CN106093303B (zh) | 2018-05-08 |
Family
ID=57228865
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610403706.1A Expired - Fee Related CN106093303B (zh) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | 烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106093303B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108391590A (zh) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-14 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | 一种ems诱变增加烟草烟叶的方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101820763A (zh) * | 2007-10-02 | 2010-09-01 | 拜尔农作物科学股份公司 | 改善植物生长的方法 |
CN103805576A (zh) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-21 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 烟草鲨烯环氧酶蛋白、烟草鲨烯环氧酶基因及其应用 |
CN103820424A (zh) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-28 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 烟草鲨烯合酶蛋白、烟草鲨烯合酶基因及其应用 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2258571A1 (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1997-12-24 | The General Hospital Corporation | Plant sterol reductases and uses thereof |
US20020068822A1 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2002-06-06 | Sunghwa Choe | Dwf7 mutants |
-
2016
- 2016-06-08 CN CN201610403706.1A patent/CN106093303B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101820763A (zh) * | 2007-10-02 | 2010-09-01 | 拜尔农作物科学股份公司 | 改善植物生长的方法 |
CN103805576A (zh) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-21 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 烟草鲨烯环氧酶蛋白、烟草鲨烯环氧酶基因及其应用 |
CN103820424A (zh) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-28 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 烟草鲨烯合酶蛋白、烟草鲨烯合酶基因及其应用 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
Sterol Composition of Nystatin and Amphotericin B Resistant Tobacco Calluses;PEI-LU CHIU;《LIPIDS》;19791231;第15卷(第1期);50-54 * |
大豆南农86-4 突变体筛选及突变体库的构建;韩锁义;《作物学报》;20071231;2059-2062 * |
烟草甾醇合成代谢分子调控研究进展;闫宁;《中国烟草科学》;20150430;第36卷(第2期);110-117 * |
甘蓝型油菜理化诱变和突变体库的构建;甘蓝型油菜理化诱变和突变体库的构建;《遗传》;20071231;第29卷(第4期);475-482 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN106093303A (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Kuzyakov | Separating microbial respiration of exudates from root respiration in non-sterile soils: a comparison of four methods | |
Dong et al. | Effects of growing location on the contents of secondary metabolites in the leaves of four selected superior clones of Eucommia ulmoides | |
Ma et al. | In vitro production of huperzine A, a promising drug candidate for Alzheimer’s disease | |
Zabala et al. | Elicitation with methyl-jasmonate stimulates peruvoside production in cell suspension cultures of Thevetia peruviana | |
Janatová et al. | Yield and cannabinoids contents in different cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) genotypes for medical use | |
Khan et al. | Biochemical basis of resistance in rice against Bacterial leaf blight disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae | |
Peev et al. | Spring drugs of Betula pendula Roth.: biologic and pharmacognostic evaluation | |
Sesterhenn et al. | Occurrence of iridoid glycosides in in vitro cultures and intact plants of Scrophularia nodosa L. | |
CN106093303B (zh) | 烟草甾醇突变体的筛选方法 | |
KR100718720B1 (ko) | 무기 게르마늄 첨가 액체배양에 의한 유기 게르마늄을함유하는 인삼 또는 산삼 부정근의 생산방법 | |
Wei et al. | Growth and reproductive responses of Polygonum hydropiper populations to elevational difference associated with flooding | |
Siva et al. | Enhanced production of psoralen through elicitors treatment in adventitious root culture of Psoralea corylifolia L | |
Almukhtar et al. | Effect of irradiation by gamma rays and the use of benzyl adenine to increase the production of cardiac glycoside compounds from Digitalis lanata in vitro | |
Antipova et al. | Fusicoccin-induced cell elongation and endogenous fusicoccin-like ligands in germinating seeds | |
Cheng et al. | Somatic embryogenesis and triterpenoid saponin production in Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem | |
JP5341038B2 (ja) | 免疫力増強スーパーC3GHi稲 | |
CN105613285A (zh) | 一种快速提高丹参中迷迭香酸含量的方法 | |
Hwang et al. | Age, rate of growth, carbohydrate and amino acid contents of spring barley plants in relation to their resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei) | |
Park et al. | Variation of ginkgolides and bilobalide contents in leaves and cell cultures of Ginkgo biloba L. | |
Tretyn et al. | Influence of acetylcholine agonists and antagonists on the swelling of etiolated wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mesophyll protoplasts | |
Schaller et al. | Cardenolide genin pattern in Isoplexis plants and shoot cultures | |
Everest et al. | How toxic is milkweed when harvested and cooked according to Myaamia tradition? | |
Asree et al. | IN VITRO INDUCED CALLUS OF THEVETIA NERIIFOLIA JUSS. | |
JPH04202137A (ja) | イリドイド配糖体の生産方法 | |
JPH01291725A (ja) | カンゾウ植物不定根の再分化方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180508 |