CN106093298B - A kind of Propellant combustion gas composition test method - Google Patents
A kind of Propellant combustion gas composition test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106093298B CN106093298B CN201610378850.4A CN201610378850A CN106093298B CN 106093298 B CN106093298 B CN 106093298B CN 201610378850 A CN201610378850 A CN 201610378850A CN 106093298 B CN106093298 B CN 106093298B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Propellant combustion gas composition test method, this method can quantitative test gunpowder under given conditions in combustion product major gaseous component quality.The step of this method, mainly includes：First, test sample processing and closed combustion chamber primary condition are adjusted.Second, test sample is lighted, combustion gas is sufficiently mixed with filling gas.3rd, mixed gas is passed through into the related data such as sensor array, collection combustion chamber pressure, gas composition concentration, flow velocity after flow velocity processing is adjusted in decompression.4th, waste gas is handled after the completion of test.5th, test data processing, the gas component quality of unit of account quality test sample combustion generation.7th, test result characterizes.This method CO, CO suitable for combustion product2、NO、NO2, the test of the multiple gases composition quality such as HCL, NH3.The invention of this method is that the means that provide the necessary technical are studied in powder burning mechanism, formula and technological design.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of testing of Propellant combustion gas composition quality, suitable for propellant and propellant powder in spy
Combustion gas composition quality is tested under constant-pressure, specific initial temperature.
Background technology
The burning of gunpowder is a complicated physical and chemical changes process, in combustion product, not only contains smog,
Also include CO, CO2、NO、NO2、HCL、NH3Deng gas-phase combustion product.Powder gas composition detection, belong to combustion experiment diagnosis skill
One of art.It to further appreciate that chemical reaction process, and between hydrodynamics, heat transfer, other physical phenomenons it is complicated
Interaction is submitted necessary information.It is more and more to the demand of clean fuel gas propellant with the development of advanced technology weapon, it is right
The requirement more and more higher of the low signature of gas generator propellant.Measurement to gas component and its concentration, for powder burning machine
Reason research, clean fuel gas propellant and clean propellant powder development have great significance.
At present, the domestic existing measuring technology for powder gas composition, is in gun propellant charge or propellant mostly
Powder charge scene, the gas after powder burning is collected with gas collection bag, then carries out lab analysis, or directly with just
Take formula gas composition analyzer and carry out collection in worksite, then the combustion gas main component in test mixing gas is dense
Degree.This method is applied to test and analyze the harmful gas concentration of testing ground, when carrying out powder burning study mechanism, its
It is disadvantageous in that：(1) primary condition of test sample burning is difficult to control.Surveyed using equipment such as engine or ballistic rifles
It is larger to gunpowder test sample amount demand during examination, and need to carry out test sample complicated process processing.Utilize closed burning
When room measures, it is also desirable to the air in closed combustion chamber is purged, the pressure initial temperature of combustion chamber is adjusted
Operation.(2) test sample combustion gas concentration is unstable, is disturbed easily in by environment.Utilize the devices such as engine and ballistic rifle
When material is tested, test sample combustion gas spreads in atmosphere, and its concentration is by diffusion time, air agitation shadow
Ring, combustion gas is unstable.When lighting test sample in closed combustion chamber, burning gases concentration test result is filled
Gas purity has a great influence, and is had a great influence by closed combustion chamber initial pressure.
From above-mentioned 2 points, existing gas component concentration determination test method early-stage preparations are complicated, tested person environment, survey
Strip part has a great influence.It is unfavorable for the study mechanism of powder burning process and combustion product etc..
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and defect, the present invention provides a kind of Propellant combustion gas composition quality and surveyed
Method for testing.The invention is more suitable for combustion gas under specified pressure and initial temperature of quantitative test propellant and propellant powder
The quality of kind of composition, this method is studies combustion product of the gunpowder under different conditions, efficiency of combustion provide it is necessary
Technological means.
The present invention is surveyed using a kind of Propellant combustion gas composition test device to the gas componant quality of powder burning
Examination, the test device is mainly by closed combustion chamber, pressure-regulating device, water bath thermostat, ignition controller, pressure limiting valve, stream
Gauge, sensor array, data acquisition and analytical equipment, calibrating gas bottle array, rapid exhaust, assay balance composition.Its
In closed outer wall of combustion chamber have water bath thermostat, combustion chamber cavity inner temperature can be adjusted.Pressure-regulating device can be right
Closed combustion chamber cavity is purged and filled.Ignition controller possesses that output current is adjustable, resistance detection function.Pressure limiting
Valve, flowmeter are connected between closed combustion chamber and sensor array by testing pipeline.Sensor array passes comprising pressure
Sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor and CO sensors, CO2Sensor, NO sensors, NO2Sensor, HCL sensors, NH3Etc. a variety of
Gas composition sensor.Data acquisition and processing unit are to possess signal condition function and data acquisition and the industry control of processing function
Machine.Calibrating gas bottle array includes the calibrating gas bottle of all gas sensor detection gas species in sensor array.Quick air-discharge
Device is made up of switch valve and discharge duct, and the end of discharge duct is risen up into the container for filling alkaline solution.
This method step is as follows：
(1) gunpowder test sample is weighed, test sample is placed on the sample carrier of closed combustion chamber bearing support, ignition lead
It is fixed on through test sample on the igniting binding post of sample carrier both sides, bearing support is fixed on closed bottom of combustion chamber, and
Connect priming supply.
(2) air in closed combustion chamber and pipeline is purged with high pure nitrogen or argon gas, and to closed combustion chamber
Initial pressure be adjusted, the initial temperature in closed combustion chamber is adjusted with air-conditioning or water bath thermostat, made close
Close the initial pressure of combustion chamber and initial temperature reaches specified requirement.
(3) the gunpowder test sample in closed combustion chamber is lighted, combustion gas and with the environment gas in combustion chamber
Body is sufficiently mixed.
(4) mixed gas in combustion chamber is passed through into pressure limiting valve and flowmeter, is passed through sensor array, utilizes data acquisition
Gas component concentration, flow velocity, pressure, temperature change over time in device collection combustion chamber pressure, temperature and mixed gas
Data；
(5) after data acquisition terminates, the residual gas tested in pipeline is discharged by Quick air-discharge pipeline, utilization is high-purity
Nitrogen or argon gas purge to the residual gas in closed combustion chamber and test pipeline；
(6) the gas component A of sensor array quality m is passed through1(A), calculated by formula (1)：
In formula：m1(A) unit is mg；
MAFor gas A molal weight, unit g/mol；
VAFor the molal volume of gas A under standard state, unit L/mol；
Δ t be data acquisition device sampling period, unit s；
n1To terminate the sequence number of data point in data file；
n0For the sequence number of the initial data point in data file；
CA(i) for gas component A volumetric concentrations test data in, the numerical value of i-th of data point, unit ppm；
V (i) is to test in pipeline in the test data of flow velocity, the numerical value of i-th of data point, unit L/min；
T0For standard state temperature, T0=273K；
P (i) is the numerical value of i-th of data point in sensor array in the test data of mixed gas pressure intensity, and unit is
MPa；
P0For standard state pressure, P0=0.101MPa；
In test datas of the T (i) for mixed gas temperature in sensor array, the numerical value of i-th of data point, unit K；
(7) the gas component A remained in closed combustion chamber quality m2(A), calculated by formula (2)：
In formula：m2(A) unit is mg；
PtWhen being terminated for collection, the pressure of mixed gas, unit MPa in closed combustion chamber；
V is closed combustion chamber intracavitary volume, unit L；
TtWhen being terminated for collection, the temperature of mixed gas, unit K in closed combustion chamber；
(8) the gas component A mass m (A) of gunpowder test sample unit mass burning generation, is calculated by formula (3)；
In formula：M (A) unit is mg/g；
M be gunpowder test sample quality, unit g；
(9) five gunpowder test sample unit mass combustion gas composition quality m (A) of horizontal survey, drawn according to lattice
Buss criterion, rejecting abnormalities data, using the average of Validity Test data as final testing result.
In the method, the adjusting method for the original state burnt to test sample, is not limited in closed combustion chamber
The regulation of initial pressure, initial temperature.If test request has regulation to the soaking time of test sample, test sample will be installed
The ignition lead shorted on both ends of bearing support, then entirety, which is put into baking oven, is incubated.
In the method, after test sample is lighted in testing procedure (3), generally, by waiting 2 minutes~5 points
Clock time makes combustion gas and is sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustion chamber；Closed combustion chamber initial pressure compared with
In the case of low, 2 minutes~5 points can be then waited by rapidly joining high pure nitrogen or argon gas into combustion chamber mixed gas
Clock time makes combustion gas and is sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustion chamber；
In the method, in testing procedure (4) when have in system multiple gases sensor and work needed for flow rates not
When consistent, the flow velocity of combustion gas is adjusted value in the flow rates that gas sensor shares；When gas passes
When flow rates demand difference is excessive between sensor, test system use can not be accessed simultaneously；Gas sensor in test device needs
Periodically carry out on-line calibration.
In the method, when residual gas is discharged by pipeline in test pipeline in testing procedure (5), it is molten to be discharged to alkalescence
In liquid, pollution of the Propellant combustion gas composition to environment can be reduced.
This method compares existing measuring method, possesses advantages below：
1. the test parameter of this method is the gas component quality of gunpowder test sample unit mass generation, other existing surveys
The test parameter of method for testing is gunpowder test sample burning generation gas component concentration.Compared with other method of testings, this method
Not only the burning condition of test sample is defined, the composition of quality, combustion gas for test sample, volume are all
It is determined.The gas component quality generated with test sample unit mass can more comprehensively, more accurately characterize gunpowder and fire
Burn generation gas characteristic.
2. this method compared with other methods, possesses larger flexibility.Pass through the regulation to test sample quality, burning
Afterwards in mixed gas high pure nitrogen (or argon gas) secondary filling, regulation to gas component concentration in mixed gas can be achieved,
Comply with the range and precision of gas sensor；In the case where ensureing that each detection gas constituent concentration of mixed gas is stable,
Data acquisition can be terminated in advance, the gas component quality remained in by correlation data calculation in closed combustion chamber, shorten test
Time, improve testing efficiency.
3. this method is to the gas component quality by sensor array and remains in the gas component in closed combustion chamber
Quality is all determined and calculated, and effectively increases the degree of accuracy of measurement result.
4. this method can one-shot measurement test sample burning generation multiple gases composition quality, and test gaseous species can
Expanded, there is higher testing efficiency.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment the present invention will be further explained explanation.
The characteristics of according to the test of Propellant combustion gas composition quality, this method includes the determination of test sample, burning initially
Gas component concentration and relevant parameter measurement, test data in condition preparation, test sample burning and gas mixing, mixed gas
Preserve and test vent gas treatment, experimental data processing and measurement result characterize totally seven steps.
Step 1, test sample prepare.The gunpowder test sample of certain mass is weighed, test sample is placed in closed burning
On the sample carrier of room bearing support, ignition lead is fixed on the igniting binding post of sample carrier both sides through test sample, will be held
Power support is fixed on closed bottom of combustion chamber, and connects priming supply.If test request has regulation to the soaking time of test sample,
The ignition lead shorted on both ends of the bearing support of test sample will be then installed, then overall be put into baking oven is incubated, during insulation
Between reach requirement after, bearing support is fixed on closed bottom of combustion chamber, and connect priming supply.
Step 2, burning primary condition prepare.With high pure nitrogen (or argon gas) to the air in closed combustion chamber and pipeline
Purged, and the initial pressure of closed combustion chamber is adjusted, with air-conditioning or water bath thermostat in closed combustion chamber
Initial temperature be adjusted, the initial pressure of closed combustion chamber and initial temperature is reached specified requirement.
Step 3, test sample burning and gas mixing.Test sample in closed combustion chamber is lighted, burning generation gas
Body is simultaneously sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustion chamber.Generally, by waiting 2 minutes~5 minutes to make combustion
Burn generation gas and be sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustion chamber；In the relatively low situation of closed combustion chamber initial pressure
Under, it can then wait 2 minutes~5 minutes by rapidly joining high pure nitrogen (or argon gas) into combustion chamber mixed gas
Make combustion gas and be sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustion chamber；
Step 4, gas component concentration and relevant parameter measurement in mixed gas.Mixed gas in combustion chamber is passed through
Pressure limiting valve and flowmeter, enter sensor array by testing pipeline, combustion chamber pressure, temperature are gathered using data acquisition device
The data that degree, flow velocity in sensor array of gas component concentration and mixed gas, pressure, temperature change over time.
Step 5, test data preserves and test vent gas treatment.After data acquisition terminates, test data is preserved；
The residual gas tested in pipeline is discharged by Quick air-discharge pipeline, using high pure nitrogen (or argon gas) to closed combustion chamber and
Residual gas in test pipeline is purged.
Step 6, experimental data processing.The gas component A by testing sensor array is calculated by formula (1) first
Quality m1(A).Secondly, the gas component A remained in closed combustion chamber quality m is calculated by formula (2)2(A).Finally,
The gas component A of test sample unit mass burning generation quality m (A) is calculated by formula (3).
Step 7, measurement result characterize.Five test sample unit mass combustion gas composition quality m of horizontal survey
(A), according to Grubbs test method, rejecting abnormalities data, using the average of Validity Test data as final testing result.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. Propellant combustion gas composition test method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(1) gunpowder test sample is weighed, is placed on the sample carrier of closed combustion chamber bearing support, ignition lead is consolidated through test sample Due on the igniting binding post of sample carrier both sides, bearing support is fixed on closed bottom of combustion chamber, and connect priming supply；(2) air in closed combustion chamber and pipeline is purged with high pure nitrogen or argon gas, and to the first of closed combustion chamber Beginning pressure is adjusted, and the initial temperature in closed combustion chamber is adjusted with air-conditioning or water bath thermostat, makes closed combustion The initial pressure and initial temperature for burning room reach test request；(3) the gunpowder test sample in closed combustion chamber is lighted, wait 2min~5min make combustion gas and with burning Filling gas in room is sufficiently mixed；(4) mixed gas in combustion chamber is passed through into pressure limiting valve and flowmeter, is passed through sensor array, utilizes data acquisition device The number that concentration, flow velocity, pressure, the temperature of gas component change over time in collection combustion chamber pressure, temperature and mixed gas According to；(5) after data acquisition terminates, the residual gas tested in pipeline is discharged by Quick air-discharge pipeline, utilizes high pure nitrogen Or argon gas purges to the residual gas in closed combustion chamber and test pipeline；(6) the gas component A of sensor array quality m is passed through1(A), calculated by formula (1)：<mrow> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1000</mn> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mi>&Delta;</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <munderover> <mo>&Sigma;</mo> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mn>6</mn> </msup> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mn>60</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mi>P</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>In formula：m1(A) it is that unit is mg；MAFor gas A molal weight, unit g/mol；VAFor the molal volume of gas A under standard state, unit L/mol；Δ t be data acquisition device sampling period, unit s；n1To terminate the sequence number of data point in data file；n0For the sequence number of the initial data point in data file；CA(i) for gas component A volumetric concentrations test data in, the numerical value of i-th of data point, unit ppm；V (i) is to test in pipeline in the test data of flow velocity, the numerical value of i-th of data point, unit L/min；T0For standard state temperature, T0=273K；In test datas of the P (i) for mixed gas pressure intensity in sensor array, the numerical value of i-th of data point, unit MPa；P0For standard state pressure, P0=0.101MPa；In test datas of the T (i) for mixed gas temperature in sensor array, the numerical value of i-th of data point, unit K；(7) the gas component A remained in closed combustion chamber quality m2(A), calculated by formula (2)：<mrow> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1000</mn> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mi>V</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>In formula：m2(A) it is that unit is mg；PtWhen being terminated for collection, the pressure of mixed gas, unit MPa in closed combustion chamber；V is closed combustion chamber intracavitary volume, unit L；TtWhen being terminated for collection, the temperature of mixed gas, unit K in closed combustion chamber；(8) the gas component A mass m (A) of gunpowder test sample unit mass burning generation, is calculated by formula (3)；<mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>In formula：M (A) is that unit is mg/g；M be gunpowder test sample quality, unit g；(9) five gunpowder test sample unit mass combustion gas composition quality m (A) of horizontal survey, according to Grubbs Criterion, rejecting abnormalities data, using the average of Validity Test data as final testing result.
- 2. method of testing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in testing procedure (1) bearing support is fixed on it is closed Before bottom of combustion chamber, if test request has regulation to the soaking time of test sample, the load of test sample will be installed The ignition lead shorted on both ends of support, then entirety, which is put into baking oven, is incubated；After soaking time reaches requirement, bearing support is fixed In closed bottom of combustion chamber, and connect priming supply.
- 3. method of testing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after test sample is lighted in testing procedure (3), if Closed combustion chamber initial pressure is relatively low, and high pure nitrogen or argon gas are rapidly joined into combustion chamber mixed gas, then waits 2 minutes Make within~5 minutes combustion gas and be sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustion chamber.
- 4. method of testing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when there is multiple gases biography in system in testing procedure (4) When flow rates needed for sensor and work are inconsistent, value is to combustion gas in the flow rates that gas sensor shares Flow velocity be adjusted；When flow rates demand difference is excessive between gas sensor, test system use can not be accessed simultaneously.
- 5. method of testing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in testing procedure (5), closed combustion chamber first pressing compared with In the case of low, when pressure limiting valve both ends pressure is identical, stop data acquisition；In the case where closed combustion chamber first pressing is higher, When the measured value of each gas composition sensors is relatively stable in 20 minutes, stop data acquisition.
- 6. method of testing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that residual gas leads in test pipeline in testing procedure (5) When crossing pipeline discharge, it is discharged in alkaline solution.
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| CN107727488A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-23 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of multifactor explosive reaction instrument of multichannel |
| CN111271195B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-03-23 | 西北工业大学 | High-precision solid propellant gas generation amount testing device |
| CN112211719A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-12 | 王小克 | Solid gunpowder combustion utilization device |
| CN116879349B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2024-03-12 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Device and method for testing combustion reaction mechanism of liquid propellant |
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