CN106093298A - A kind of Propellant combustion gas composition test method - Google Patents
A kind of Propellant combustion gas composition test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Propellant combustion gas composition test method, the method can the quality of major gaseous component in quantitative test gunpowder combustion product under given conditions.The step of the method specifically includes that first, and test sample processes and the regulation of airtight combustor initial condition.Second, light test sample, make combustion gas be sufficiently mixed with filling gas.3rd, adjust flow velocity to pass through sensor array after processing through blood pressure lowering mixed gas, gather the related datas such as combustion chamber pressure, gas composition concentration, flow velocity.4th, after having tested, waste gas is processed.5th, test data process, the gas component quality that unit of account quality test sample combustion generates.7th, test result characterizes.The method is CO, CO be applicable to combustion product2、NO、NO2, the test of the multiple gases composition quality such as HCL, NH3.The invention of the method is that the means that provide the necessary technical are studied in powder burning mechanism, formula and technological design.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for testing of a kind of Propellant combustion gas composition quality, it is adaptable to propellant and propellant powder are spy
Combustion gas composition quality test under constant-pressure, specific initial temperature.
Background technology
The burning of gunpowder is a complicated physical and chemical changes process, in combustion product, not only contains smog,
Also comprise CO, CO2、NO、NO2、HCL、NH3Deng gas-phase combustion product.Powder gas composition detection, belongs to combustion experiment diagnosis skill
One of art.It is for further appreciating that chemical reaction process, and and hydrodynamics, heat transfer, other physical phenomenons between complicated
Interaction is submitted necessary information.Along with the development of advanced technology weapon, the demand of clean fuel gas propellant is got more and more, right
The requirement of the low signature of gas generator propellant is more and more higher.To gas component and the measurement of concentration thereof, for powder burning machine
Reason research, clean fuel gas propellant and clean propellant powder development have great significance.
At present, the domestic existing measuring technology for powder gas composition, it is mostly at gun propellant charge or propellant
Powder charge is on-the-spot, collects the collection and confinement of gases bag of the gas after powder burning, then carries out lab analysis, or directly with just
The formula gas composition analyzer of taking carries out collection in worksite, and then the combustion gas main component in test mixing gas is dense
Degree.This method is applicable to the detection of the harmful gas concentration to testing ground and analyzes, when carrying out powder burning study mechanism, its
It is disadvantageous in that: the initial condition of (1) test sample burning is wayward.The equipment such as electromotor or ballistic rifle is utilized to survey
During examination, relatively big to gunpowder test sample amount demand, and need the operation that test sample carries out complexity to process.Utilize airtight burning
When room measures, it is also desirable to the air in airtight combustor is purged, the pressure initial temperature of combustor is adjusted
Operation.(2) test sample combustion gas concentration is unstable, is easily disturbed by environment.Utilize the device such as electromotor and ballistic rifle
When material is tested, test sample combustion gas spreads in atmosphere, and its concentration is by diffusion time, air agitation shadow
Ringing, combustion gas is unstable.When lighting test sample in airtight combustor, burning gases concentration test result is filled
The impact of gas purity is relatively big, is affected bigger by airtight combustor initial pressure.
From above-mentioned 2, existing gas component concentration determination test method early-stage preparations are complicated, tested person environment, survey
The impact of strip part is bigger.It is unfavorable for the study mechanism of the aspects such as powder burning process and combustion product.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency and defect that prior art exists, the present invention provides a kind of Propellant combustion gas composition quality to survey
Method for testing.This invention is many combustion gas under specified pressure and initial temperature be applicable to quantitative test propellant and propellant powder
The quality of kind of composition, the method is that research gunpowder combustion product under different conditions, efficiency of combustion provide necessity
Technological means.
The present invention uses a kind of Propellant combustion gas composition test device to survey the gas componant quality of powder burning
Examination, this test device is mainly by airtight combustor, pressure-regulating device, water bath thermostat, ignition controller, pressure limiting valve, stream
Gauge, sensor array, data acquisition and analytical equipment, calibrating gas bottle array, rapid exhaust, analytical balance composition.Its
In airtight outer wall of combustion chamber have water bath thermostat, combustor cavity inner temperature can be adjusted.Pressure-regulating device can be right
Airtight combustor cavity purges and fills.Ignition controller possesses output current adjustment joint, resistance detection function.Pressure limiting
Valve, effusion meter, between airtight combustor and sensor array, are connected by test pipeline.Sensor array comprises pressure and passes
Sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor and CO sensor, CO2Sensor, NO sensor, NO2Sensor, HCL sensor, NH3Etc. multiple
Gas composition sensor.Data acquisition and processing means are to possess signal condition function and data acquisition and process the industry control of function
Machine.Calibrating gas bottle array comprises the calibrating gas bottle of all gas sensor detected gas kind in sensor array.Quick air-discharge
Device is made up of switch valve and discharge duct, and the end of discharge duct rises up in the container filling alkaline solution.
This method step is as follows:
(1) weigh gunpowder test sample, test sample is placed on the sample carrier of airtight combustor bearing support, ignition lead
It is fixed on the igniting binding post of sample carrier both sides through test sample, bearing support is fixed on airtight bottom of combustion chamber, and
Junction point ignition source.
(2) with high pure nitrogen or argon, the air in airtight combustor and pipeline is purged, and to airtight combustor
Initial pressure be adjusted, with air-conditioning or water bath thermostat, the initial temperature in airtight combustor is adjusted, makes close
Initial pressure and the initial temperature of closing combustor reach to specify requirement.
(3) the gunpowder test sample in airtight combustor is lighted, combustion gas and with the environment gas in combustor
Body is sufficiently mixed.
(4) by the mixed gas in combustor through pressure limiting valve and effusion meter, it is passed through sensor array, utilizes data acquisition
It is time dependent that device gathers gas component concentration in combustion chamber pressure, temperature and mixed gas, flow velocity, pressure, temperature
Data；
(5), after data acquisition terminates, the residual gas in test pipeline is discharged by Quick air-discharge pipeline, utilizes high-purity
Residual gas in airtight combustor and test pipeline is purged by nitrogen or argon；
(6) by quality m of the gas component A of sensor array1(A), calculated by formula (1):
In formula: m1(A) unit is mg；
MAFor the molal weight of gas A, unit is g/mol；
VAFor the molal volume of gas A under standard state, unit is L/mol；
Δ t is the sampling period of data acquisition unit, and unit is s；
n1For data file terminates the sequence number of data point；
n0Sequence number for the initial data point in data file；
CAI () is in the test data of gas component A volumetric concentration, the numerical value of i-th data point, and unit is ppm；
V (i) is in the test data of flow velocity in test pipeline, and the numerical value of i-th data point, unit is L/min；
T0For standard state temperature, T0=273K；
P (i) is in the test data of mixed gas pressure intensity in sensor array, the numerical value of i-th data point, and unit is
MPa；
P0For standard state pressure, P0=0.101MPa；
T (i) is in the test data of mixed gas temperature in sensor array, the numerical value of i-th data point, and unit is K；
(7) quality m of gas component A in airtight combustor is remained in2(A), calculated by formula (2):
In formula: m2(A) unit is mg；
PtWhen terminating for gathering, the pressure of mixed gas in airtight combustor, unit is MPa；
V is airtight combustor intracavity volume, and unit is L；
TtWhen terminating for gathering, the temperature of mixed gas in airtight combustor, unit is K；
(8) gas component A mass m (A) that the burning of gunpowder test sample unit mass generates, is calculated by formula (3)；
In formula: m (A) unit is mg/g；
M is the quality of gunpowder test sample, and unit is g；
(9) five gunpowder test sample unit mass combustion gas composition quality m (A) of horizontal survey, draw according to lattice
Buss criterion, rejecting abnormalities data, use the average of Validity Test data as final testing result.
In the method, the control method to the original state of test sample burning, it is not limited in airtight combustor
Initial pressure, the regulation of initial temperature.If test request has regulation to the temperature retention time of test sample, then will install test sample
The ignition lead shorted on both ends of bearing support, then entirety is put into baking oven and is incubated.
In the method, after in testing procedure (3), test sample is lighted, generally, by waiting 2 minutes～5 points
Clock time makes combustion gas and is sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustor；At airtight combustor initial pressure relatively
In the case of low, then can wait 2 minutes～5 points by rapidly joining high pure nitrogen or argon in combustor mixed gas
Clock time makes combustion gas and is sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustor；
In the method, when system having multiple gases sensor and work required flow rate scope not in testing procedure (4)
Time consistent, in the flow rates that gas sensor is total, the flow velocity of combustion gas is adjusted by value；When gas passes
When flow rates demand difference is excessive between sensor, test system can not be concurrently accessed and use；Gas sensor in test device needs
Periodically carry out on-line calibration.
In the method, when residual gas is discharged by pipeline in test pipeline in testing procedure (5), it is discharged to alkalescence molten
In liquid, the pollution to environment of the Propellant combustion gas composition can be reduced.
This method compares existing measuring method, possesses advantages below:
1. the test parameter of this method is the gas component quality that gunpowder test sample unit mass generates, and existing other are surveyed
The test parameter of method for testing is that the burning of gunpowder test sample generates gas component concentration.Compared with other method of testings, this method
Not only the burning condition of test sample is defined, for the quality of test sample, the composition of combustion gas, volume all
It is determined.The gas component quality generated by test sample unit mass can more comprehensively, more accurately characterize gunpowder combustion
Burn and generate gas characteristic.
2. this method is compared with other method, possesses bigger motility.By to the regulation of test sample quality, burning
In rear mixed gas, the secondary of high pure nitrogen (or argon) is filled, and can realize the regulation of gas component concentration in mixed gas,
Comply with range and the precision of gas sensor；In the case of ensureing that mixed gas each detected gas constituent concentration is stable,
Data acquisition can be terminated in advance, remained in the gas component quality in airtight combustor by correlation data calculation, shorten test
Time, improve testing efficiency.
3. this method is to by the gas component quality of sensor array and the gas component remained in airtight combustor
Quality is all determined and calculates, and is effectively increased the accuracy of measurement result.
4. this method can one-shot measurement test sample burning generate multiple gases composition quality, and test gaseous species can
Expand, there is higher testing efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment the present invention will be further explained explanation.
According to the feature of Propellant combustion gas composition quality test, the method includes that the determination of test sample, burning are initial
Condition prepares, test sample is burnt and in gas mixing, mixed gas, gas component concentration and relevant parameter are measured, tested data
Preserve and test vent gas treatment, experimental data processing and measurement result characterize totally seven steps.
Step one, test sample prepares.Weigh the gunpowder test sample of certain mass, test sample is placed in airtight burning
On the sample carrier of room bearing support, ignition lead is fixed on the igniting binding post of sample carrier both sides through test sample, will hold
Power torr is fixed on airtight bottom of combustion chamber, and junction point ignition source.If test request has regulation to the temperature retention time of test sample,
Then will install the ignition lead shorted on both ends of the bearing support of test sample, then entirety is put into baking oven and is incubated, during insulation
Between reach requirement after, bearing support is fixed on airtight bottom of combustion chamber, and junction point ignition source.
Step 2, burning initial condition prepares.With high pure nitrogen (or argon) to the air in airtight combustor and pipeline
Purge, and the initial pressure of airtight combustor is adjusted, with air-conditioning or water bath thermostat in airtight combustor
Initial temperature be adjusted, make the initial pressure of airtight combustor and initial temperature reach to specify requirement.
Step 3, test sample burning and gas mixing.Test sample in airtight combustor being lighted, burning generates gas
Body is also sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustor.Generally, combustion is made by wait 2 minutes～5 minutes
Burn and generate gas and be sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustor；In the situation that airtight combustor initial pressure is relatively low
Under, can then wait 2 minutes～5 minutes by rapidly joining high pure nitrogen (or argon) in combustor mixed gas
Make combustion gas and be sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustor；
Step 4, in mixed gas, gas component concentration and relevant parameter are measured.Mixed gas in combustor is passed through
Pressure limiting valve and effusion meter, enter sensor array by test pipeline, utilizes data acquisition unit to gather combustion chamber pressure, temperature
Flow velocity in sensor array of degree, gas component concentration and mixed gas, pressure, the time dependent data of temperature.
Step 5, test data preserve and test vent gas treatment.After data acquisition terminates, test data are preserved；
By test pipeline in residual gas discharge by Quick air-discharge pipeline, utilize high pure nitrogen (or argon) to airtight combustor with
Residual gas in test pipeline purges.
Step 6, experimental data processing.First pass through formula (1) and calculate the gas component A by testing sensor array
Quality m1(A).Secondly, quality m of the gas component A remained in airtight combustor is calculated by formula (2)2(A).Finally,
Quality m (A) of the gas component A that the burning of test sample unit mass generates is calculated by formula (3).
Step 7, measurement result characterizes.Five test sample unit mass combustion gas composition quality m of horizontal survey
(A), according to Grubbs test method, rejecting abnormalities data, use the average of Validity Test data as final testing result.
Claims (6)
1. a Propellant combustion gas composition test method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) weighing gunpowder test sample, be placed on the sample carrier of airtight combustor bearing support, ignition lead is solid through test sample
On the igniting binding post of sample carrier both sides, bearing support is fixed on airtight bottom of combustion chamber, and junction point ignition source；
(2) with high pure nitrogen or argon, the air in airtight combustor and pipeline is purged, and at the beginning of airtight combustor
Beginning pressure is adjusted, and is adjusted the initial temperature in airtight combustor with air-conditioning or water bath thermostat, makes airtight combustion
Initial pressure and the initial temperature of burning room reach test request；
(3) the gunpowder test sample in airtight combustor is lighted, wait 2min～5min make combustion gas and with burning
Filling gas in room is sufficiently mixed；
(4) by the mixed gas in combustor through pressure limiting valve and effusion meter, it is passed through sensor array, utilizes data acquisition unit
Gather the concentration of gas component, flow velocity, pressure, the time dependent number of temperature in combustion chamber pressure, temperature and mixed gas
According to；
(5), after data acquisition terminates, the residual gas in test pipeline is discharged by Quick air-discharge pipeline, utilizes high pure nitrogen
Or the residual gas in airtight combustor and test pipeline is purged by argon；
(6) by quality m of the gas component A of sensor array1(A), calculated by formula (1):
In formula: m1(A) be unit be mg；
MAFor the molal weight of gas A, unit is g/mol；
VAFor the molal volume of gas A under standard state, unit is L/mol；
Δ t is the sampling period of data acquisition unit, and unit is s；
n1For data file terminates the sequence number of data point；
n0Sequence number for the initial data point in data file；
CAI () is in the test data of gas component A volumetric concentration, the numerical value of i-th data point, and unit is ppm；
V (i) is in the test data of flow velocity in test pipeline, and the numerical value of i-th data point, unit is L/min；
T0For standard state temperature, T0=273K；
P (i) is in the test data of mixed gas pressure intensity in sensor array, the numerical value of i-th data point, and unit is MPa；
P0For standard state pressure, P0=0.101MPa；
T (i) is in the test data of mixed gas temperature in sensor array, the numerical value of i-th data point, and unit is K；
(7) quality m of gas component A in airtight combustor is remained in2(A), calculated by formula (2):
In formula: m2(A) be unit be mg；
PtWhen terminating for gathering, the pressure of mixed gas in airtight combustor, unit is MPa；
V is airtight combustor intracavity volume, and unit is L；
TtWhen terminating for gathering, the temperature of mixed gas in airtight combustor, unit is K；
(8) gas component A mass m (A) that the burning of gunpowder test sample unit mass generates, is calculated by formula (3)；
In formula: m (A) be unit be mg/g；
M is the quality of gunpowder test sample, and unit is g；
(9) five gunpowder test sample unit mass combustion gas composition quality m (A) of horizontal survey, according to Grubbs
Criterion, rejecting abnormalities data, use the average of Validity Test data as final testing result.
Method of testing the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in testing procedure (1) bearing support is fixed on airtight
Before bottom of combustion chamber, if test request has regulation to the temperature retention time of test sample, then will install the load of test sample
The ignition lead shorted on both ends of torr, then entirety is put into baking oven and is incubated；After temperature retention time reaches requirement, bearing support is fixed
At airtight bottom of combustion chamber, and junction point ignition source.
Method of testing the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after test sample is lighted in testing procedure (3), if
Airtight combustor initial pressure is relatively low, rapidly joins high pure nitrogen or argon, then wait 2 minutes in combustor mixed gas
～within 5 minutes, make combustion gas and be sufficiently mixed with the environmental gas in combustor.
Method of testing the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when there being multiple gases to pass in system in testing procedure (4)
When sensor and work required flow rate scope are inconsistent, in the flow rates that gas sensor is total, value is to combustion gas
Flow velocity be adjusted；When flow rates demand difference is excessive between gas sensor, test system can not be concurrently accessed and use.
Method of testing the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in testing procedure (5), in airtight combustor first pressing relatively
In the case of low, when pressure limiting valve two ends pressure is identical, stop data acquisition；In the case of airtight combustor first pressing is higher,
When the measured value of each gas composition sensors was stablized in 20 minutes relatively, stop data acquisition.
Method of testing the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in testing procedure (5), in test pipeline, residual gas leads to
When crossing pipeline discharge, it is discharged in alkaline solution.
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| CN111271195A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-12 | 西北工业大学 | High-precision solid propellant gas generation amount testing device and method |
| CN112211719A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-12 | 王小克 | Solid gunpowder combustion utilization device |
| CN116879349A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-13 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Device and method for testing combustion reaction mechanism of liquid propellant |
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| CN111271195A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-12 | 西北工业大学 | High-precision solid propellant gas generation amount testing device and method |
| CN111271195B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-03-23 | 西北工业大学 | High-precision solid propellant gas generation amount testing device |
| CN112211719A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-12 | 王小克 | Solid gunpowder combustion utilization device |
| CN116879349A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-10-13 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Device and method for testing combustion reaction mechanism of liquid propellant |
| CN116879349B (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2024-03-12 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Device and method for testing combustion reaction mechanism of liquid propellant |
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