CN106086298B - A kind of smelting process of low-phosphorous-low titanium-low-sulfur steel - Google Patents
A kind of smelting process of low-phosphorous-low titanium-low-sulfur steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106086298B CN106086298B CN201610480900.XA CN201610480900A CN106086298B CN 106086298 B CN106086298 B CN 106086298B CN 201610480900 A CN201610480900 A CN 201610480900A CN 106086298 B CN106086298 B CN 106086298B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/54—Processes yielding slags of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of smelting process of low-phosphorous low titanium low-sulfur steel, the smelting process includes the following steps:1) electric furnace smelting;2) LF refining;3) VD vacuum processings;4) P≤0.008%, Ti≤0.002%, S≤0.002% in gained molten steel are smelted.The present invention can obtain low-phosphorous low titanium low-sulfur molten steel, while improve the smelting rhythm of electric furnace, reduce the smelting costs such as electric furnace lime, power consumption, it avoids refining and changes slag operation for what desulfurization used, it ensure that the stable smooth operation of production, improve the cleanliness factor of molten steel, improve product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and specifically the present invention relates to a kind of smeltings of low-phosphorous-low titanium-low-sulfur steel
Method.
Background technology
Structural adjustment and product up-gradation with steel industry, steel enterprise is faced with the competitive pressure that is on the rise, to survive,
It must work hard in kind and quality, make great efforts the product of production high added value, high-tech content, low titanium bearing steel, wind-powered electricity generation are used
The high-quality such as steel, high added value steel have become one of staple product of contemporary iron and steel enterprise's research and development, these steel grades are used
Continuous cast round billets specification it is big, higher to the purity requirements of steel, particularly phosphorus, titanium, the requirement of sulphur is relatively low.Electric arc furnaces refines at present
Steel, the raw material used are mainly steel scrap and molten iron, and molten iron is without pretreatment dephosphorizing, desulfurization, particularly Low-phosphorus Steel, by iron
The limitation of water, material source and other conditions.Traditional electric furnace smelting is low-phosphorous-and low titanium-low-sulfur steel, titanium, desulfurization are gone to reach dephosphorization
Purpose adds in the slag materials such as a large amount of lime, and smelting cost is high, electric furnace smelting time length (>=50min), and dephosphorization goes titanium difficult,
Even because molten steel phosphorus height is sentenced useless, Ti content is unsatisfactory for requiring, and seriously affects the fatigue life of product, refines and goes out sometimes for desulfurization
Slag operation is now changed, whole system generation rhythm is unstable, and product quality stability is poor.
Invention content
For deficiency existing for traditional smelting process, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low-phosphorous-low titanium-low-sulfur steels
Smelting process, obtaining molten steel has extremely low phosphorus, titanium, sulfur content, and electric furnace, which puts steel phosphorus and can reach less than 0.004%, titanium, to be reached
0.0006% hereinafter, P≤0.008%, Ti≤0.002%, S≤0.002%, the smelting process improve simultaneously in finished product molten steel
The smelting rhythm of electric furnace, reduces the smelting costs such as electric furnace lime, power consumption, avoids refining and changes slag behaviour for what desulfurization used
Make, ensure that the stable smooth operation of production, improve the cleanliness factor of molten steel, improve product quality.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution:
A kind of smelting process of low-phosphorous-low titanium-low-sulfur steel, the smelting process include the following steps:
1) electric furnace smelting:Reasonably combined burden structure, control tank side iron, the pig iron (remelted pig iron), ironcasting etc. is phosphorous high
Aniseed addition is not more than the 8% of total charge weight, accomplish in blending process it is lower it is fine and close, it is upper it is loose, intermediate it is high, surrounding is low, fire door
Mouth is without aniseed;Loading system is using (60-70) % molten iron+high-quality steel scraps of (30-40) %;Electric furnace uses steel operation more than recrement, remaining
Steel, the quantity of slag control (15-25) % in tap;Before smelting lime 10-12 ㎏/t steel, dolomite 6-7 are added in EAF bottom
㎏/t steel, when power transmission 3-5 minutes, add in lime 10-12 ㎏/t steel, and in smelting process plus lime angle is+3 degree, ensure plus lime
Shi Zhengchang oxygen blast and reduction splash loss;The clinker of clinker, particularly fritting state is not released too early, reached in molten steel temperature
At 1530 DEG C -1550 DEG C, increase foamed slag height and carry out automatic flow slag operation, and roll dynamic furnace body to slagging tap in due course, after flowing slag
Suitably add lime 4-5 ㎏/t steel;Molten steel temperature reaches 1560 DEG C -1580 DEG C, carries out changing slag operation, releases initial stage slag, then divide
Batch adds in lime, and every batch of addition is 4-6 ㎏/t steel, makes high alkalinity clinker, basicity of slag control to 2.0-3.0;Terminal
Temperature is to be not more than 1650 DEG C for principle;Using eccentric furnace bottom slag free tapping technology, time >=140 second of tapping, in tapping process
Once there is slag, it is necessary to remove oxidizing slag in time, make refining slag again, then refined;Electric furnace is carried out using low titanium alloy
Alloying;In electric furnace steel tapping 1/3 active lime 6-8kg/t steel, accelerating agent 2.0-3kg/t steel, steel-core-aluminium are added in steel stream
2.0-3kg/t steel, dolomite 1.0-2.0kg/t steel;Electric furnace accesses BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING during putting steel, and tapping argon gas early period is (500-
800)NL×2/min;
2) LF refining:LF refining furnace is transported to after tapping, molten steel enters LF power transmission slag making, using arc-covering slag operation, soft
Argon controls, and adds slag charge as 4-7kg/t steel, and including lime, slag adjusting agent etc., slag charge overall control target is 13-17kg/t steel;
LF uses high alkalinity clinker, and Composition Control is:CaO=45%-55%, Si02=8%-10%, A1203=25%-35%, MgO
=5%-10%;LF stoves deoxidation mode concentrates quick aluminium deoxidation using single early period, adds low titanium silicon carbide and carbon dust in batches
Diffusive deoxidation is combined, the white slag retention time >=15min, and low titanium silicon carbide feed postition is repeatedly adds, and one time addition is
3-5 ㎏ do not allow whole bag to add in;LF carries out alloying using low titanium alloy;LF refining carries out calcification processing when tapping;
3) VD vacuum processings:LF refining furnace decides whether to carry out taking off slag operation, ladle after smelting according to ladle space
Headroom<800mm carries out taking off slag operation, takes off the 1/5-1/3 that the quantity of slag is total quantity of slag, and molten steel is directly transported to VD by headroom >=800mm
Stove is smelted;Vacuum processing time is 25-30min, and argon flow amount control takes the analysis of finished product sample simultaneously after 10-70NL/min, broken sky
Add in a certain amount of coverture in molten steel face, break it is empty after adjustment argon gas carry out soft blow argon, argon flow amount control is in steel during soft blow argon
Water level fine motion, soft blow argon time control is in 15-40min;
4) P≤0.008%, Ti≤0.002%, S≤0.002% in gained molten steel are smelted.
Main advantages of the present invention are:
1) this method electric furnace completion dephosphorization goes the titanium time that can shorten 10-15min, and lime consumption reduces 10-20kg/t steel, smelting
Refining power consumption reduces amplitude >=35kwh/t steel, and electric furnace, which puts steel phosphorus and can reach less than 0.004%, titanium, reaches less than 0.0006%.
2) obtaining has extremely low phosphorus, titanium, sulfur content in molten steel, and finished product molten steel P≤0.008%, Ti≤0.002%, S≤
0.002%.
3) it avoids refining and changes slag operation for what desulfurization used.It ensure that the stable smooth operation of production, improve molten steel
Cleanliness factor improves product quality.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated.
Embodiment 1
Wind power flange S355NL is smelted using this method, the described method comprises the following steps:
1) electric furnace smelting:Total 125 tons of charge weight, 80 tons of molten iron, 45 tons of steel scrap (tank side iron, the pig iron (remelted pig iron), ironcasting
Etc. phosphorous 8 tons high of aniseed addition, roll useless 33 tons, 4 tons of cropping), accomplish in blending process it is lower it is fine and close, it is upper it is loose, intermediate it is high,
Surrounding is low, stove gate is without aniseed;Electric furnace uses steel operation more than recrement, and Yu Gang, quantity of slag control are at 25 tons or so;In electric furnace before smelting
Furnace bottom adds in 1.2 tons of lime, 0.8 ton of dolomite, and when power transmission 3-5 minute adds in 1.2 tons of lime, and lime angle is added in smelting process
For+3 degree, normal oxygen blast and reduction splash loss when ensureing to add lime;The stove of clinker, particularly fritting state is not released too early
Slag, power transmission 8min or so, power failure oxygen blast increases (FeO) in slag, when molten steel temperature reaches 1530 DEG C -1550 DEG C, increases bubble
Foam slag height carries out automatic flow slag operation, and rolls dynamic furnace body to slagging tap in due course, and lime 500kg is suitably added after flowing slag;Molten steel
Temperature reaches 1560 DEG C -1580 DEG C, carries out changing slag operation, releases initial stage slag, then add in lime in batches, every batch of addition is
500kg makes high alkalinity clinker, basicity of slag control to 2.0-3.0;Outlet temperature is to be not more than 1650 DEG C for principle;Using inclined
Heart furnace bottom slag free tapping technology, time >=140 second of tapping, once there is slag in tapping process, it is necessary to oxidizing slag is removed in time,
Again refining slag is made, then is refined;Electric furnace carries out alloying using low titanium alloy;It is added in electric furnace steel tapping 1/3 with steel stream
Active lime 800kg, accelerating agent 300kg, steel-core-aluminium 300kg, dolomite 125kg;Electric furnace accesses BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING during putting steel, goes out
Steel argon gas early period is 500NL × 2/min;
2) LF refining:LF refining furnace is transported to after tapping, molten steel enters LF power transmission slag making, using arc-covering slag operation, soft
Argon controls, and adds 300 ㎏ of lime, 200 ㎏ of slag adjusting agent;LF uses high alkalinity clinker, and Composition Control is:CaO=45%-
55%th, Si02=8%-10%, A1203=25%-35%, MgO=5%-10%;LF stoves deoxidation mode is using single collection early period
In quick aluminium deoxidation, add low titanium silicon carbide in batches and carbon dust diffusive deoxidation is combined, it is the white slag retention time >=15min, low
For silicon titanium-carbide feed postition repeatedly to add, one time addition is 3-5 ㎏, and whole bag is not allowed to add in;LF using low titanium alloy into
Row alloying;LF refining carries out calcification processing when tapping;
3) VD vacuum processings:LF refining furnace decides whether to carry out taking off slag operation, ladle after smelting according to ladle space
Headroom<800mm carries out taking off slag operation, takes off the 1/5-1/3 that the quantity of slag is total quantity of slag, and molten steel is directly transported to VD by headroom >=800mm
Stove is smelted;Vacuum processing time is 25-30min, and argon flow amount control is in 10-70NL/min, 20 seconds thermometrics of stirring, vacuum processing
27min takes finished product sample to analyze and a certain amount of coverture is added in molten steel face after breaking sky, and adjusting argon gas after broken sky carries out soft blow
Argon, argon flow amount control is in liquid steel level fine motion during soft blow argon, and soft blow argon time control is in 15-40min;
4) P≤0.008%, Ti≤0.002%, S≤0.002% in gained molten steel are smelted, product quality meets middle and high end
User demand.
Traditional handicraft is compared with the application leading indicator:
Leading indicator | Traditional handicraft | Use this method |
Electric furnace smelting average period | 55min | 45min |
Electric furnace lime consumption | 55kg/t steel | 40kg/t steel |
Electric furnace smelting power consumption | 115kwh/t steel | 80kwh/t steel |
Embodiment 2
Wind power flange S355NL is smelted using this method, the described method comprises the following steps:
1) electric furnace smelting:Total 125 tons of charge weight, 87 tons of molten iron, 38 tons of steel scrap (tank side iron, the pig iron (remelted pig iron), ironcasting
Etc. phosphorous 9 tons high of aniseed addition, roll useless 24 tons, 5 tons of cropping), accomplish in blending process it is lower it is fine and close, it is upper it is loose, intermediate it is high,
Surrounding is low, stove gate is without aniseed;Electric furnace uses steel operation more than recrement, and Yu Gang, quantity of slag control are at 31 tons or so;In electric furnace before smelting
Furnace bottom adds in 1.5 tons of lime, 0.875 ton of dolomite, and when power transmission 3-5 minute adds in 1.5 tons of lime, and lime angle is added in smelting process
It spends for+3 degree, normal oxygen blast and reduction splash loss when ensureing to add lime;Clinker, particularly fritting state are not released too early
Clinker, power transmission 8min or so, power failure oxygen blast increases (FeO) in slag, when molten steel temperature reaches 1530 DEG C -1550 DEG C, increases
Foamed slag height carries out automatic flow slag operation, and rolls dynamic furnace body to slagging tap in due course, and lime 625kg is suitably added after flowing slag;Steel
Liquid temperature reaches 1560 DEG C -1580 DEG C, carries out changing slag operation, releases initial stage slag, then add in lime in batches, every batch of addition
For 750kg, high alkalinity clinker, basicity of slag control to 2.0-3.0 are made;Outlet temperature is to be not more than 1650 DEG C for principle;Using
Eccentric furnace bottom slag free tapping technology, time >=140 second of tapping, once there is slag in tapping process, it is necessary to remove oxidation in time
Slag is made refining slag, then is refined again;Electric furnace carries out alloying using low titanium alloy;Add in electric furnace steel tapping 1/3 with steel stream
Enter active lime 1000kg, accelerating agent 375kg, steel-core-aluminium 375kg, dolomite 250kg;Electric furnace accesses bottom blowing during putting steel
Argon, tapping argon gas early period are 800NL × 2/min;
2) LF refining:LF refining furnace is transported to after tapping, molten steel enters LF power transmission slag making, using arc-covering slag operation, soft
Argon controls, and adds 475 ㎏ of lime, 400 ㎏ of slag adjusting agent;LF uses high alkalinity clinker, and Composition Control is:CaO=45%-
55%th, Si02=8%-10%, A1203=25%-35%, MgO=5%-10%;LF stoves deoxidation mode is using single collection early period
In quick aluminium deoxidation, add low titanium silicon carbide in batches and carbon dust diffusive deoxidation is combined, it is the white slag retention time >=15min, low
For silicon titanium-carbide feed postition repeatedly to add, one time addition is 3-5 ㎏, and whole bag is not allowed to add in;LF using low titanium alloy into
Row alloying;LF refining carries out calcification processing when tapping;
3) VD vacuum processings:LF refining furnace decides whether to carry out taking off slag operation, ladle after smelting according to ladle space
Headroom<800mm carries out taking off slag operation, takes off the 1/5-1/3 that the quantity of slag is total quantity of slag, and molten steel is directly transported to VD by headroom >=800mm
Stove is smelted;Vacuum processing time is 25-30min, and argon flow amount control is in 10-70NL/min, 20 seconds thermometrics of stirring, vacuum processing
27min takes finished product sample to analyze and a certain amount of coverture is added in molten steel face after breaking sky, and adjusting argon gas after broken sky carries out soft blow
Argon, argon flow amount control is in liquid steel level fine motion during soft blow argon, and soft blow argon time control is in 15-40min;
4) P≤0.008%, Ti≤0.002%, S≤0.002% in gained molten steel are smelted, product quality meets middle and high end
User demand.
Traditional handicraft is compared with the application leading indicator:
Leading indicator | Traditional handicraft | Use this method |
Electric furnace smelting average period | 55min | 44min |
Electric furnace lime consumption | 55kg/t steel | 43kg/t steel |
Electric furnace smelting power consumption | 115kwh/t steel | 82kwh/t steel |
Certainly, the present invention without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, can also be familiar with there are many embodiment
Those skilled in the art can disclosure according to the present invention make various corresponding changes and modification, but these it is corresponding change and
Deformation should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of smelting process of low-phosphorous-low titanium-low-sulfur steel, the smelting process include the following steps:
1) electric furnace smelting:Loading system uses 60-70% molten iron+30-40% steel scraps, controls phosphorous high aniseed addition little
In the 8% of total charge weight;Electric furnace uses steel operation more than recrement, and Yu Gang, the quantity of slag control the 15-25% in tap;Smelt before
EAF bottom adds in lime 10-12 ㎏/t steel, dolomite 6-7 ㎏/t steel;Lime 10-12 ㎏/t steel is added in during power transmission 3-5 minutes,
In smelting process plus lime angle is+3 degree;When molten steel temperature reaches 1530 DEG C -1550 DEG C, increase foamed slag height and carry out certainly
Dynamic flow slag operation, and dynamic furnace body is rolled to slagging tap, add lime 4-5 ㎏/t steel after flowing slag;Molten steel temperature reaches 1560 DEG C -1580
DEG C, it carries out changing slag operation, releases initial stage slag, then add in lime in batches, addition is 4-6 ㎏/t steel, makes high alkalinity clinker, stove
Basicity of slag is controlled to 2.0-3.0;Outlet temperature≤1650 DEG C;Using eccentric furnace bottom slag free tapping technology, time >=140 of tapping
Second;Electric furnace carries out alloying using low titanium alloy;Active lime 6-8kg/t steel is added in steel stream, promote in electric furnace steel tapping 1/3
Agent 2.0-3kg/t steel, steel-core-aluminium 2.0-3kg/t steel, dolomite 1.0-2.0kg/t steel;Electric furnace accesses BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING during putting steel,
Argon gas early period of tapping is 500-800NL × 2/min;
2) LF refining:LF refining furnace is transported to after tapping, molten steel enters LF power transmission slag making, using arc-covering slag operation, soft blow argon
Control adds slag charge as 4-7kg/t steel, and slag charge overall control target is 13-17kg/t steel;LF uses high alkalinity clinker, ingredient
It controls and is:CaO=45%-55%, SiO2=8%-10%, A12O3=25%-35%, MgO=5%-10%;LF stove deoxidations
Mode concentrates quick aluminium deoxidation using single early period, add low titanium silicon carbide in batches and carbon dust diffusive deoxidation is combined, white slag
Retention time >=15min, for low titanium silicon carbide feed postition repeatedly to add, an addition is 3-5 ㎏;LF uses low titanium alloy
Carry out alloying;LF refining carries out calcification processing when tapping;
3) VD vacuum processings:LF refining furnace decides whether to carry out taking off slag operation, Steel ladle clearance after smelting according to ladle space<
800mm carries out taking off slag operation, takes off the 1/5-1/3 that the quantity of slag is total quantity of slag, and molten steel is directly transported to VD stove smeltings by headroom >=800mm
Refining;Vacuum processing time is 25-30min, and argon flow amount control takes finished product sample to analyze and in steel after 10-70NL/min, broken sky
Liquid level adds in coverture, break it is empty after adjustment argon gas carry out soft blow argon, argon flow amount control is in liquid steel level fine motion during soft blow argon
Can, soft blow argon time control is in 15-40min;
4) P≤0.008%, Ti≤0.002%, S≤0.002% in gained molten steel are smelted.
2. a kind of smelting process of low-phosphorous-low titanium-low-sulfur steel as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Phosphorous high aniseed
Including tank side iron, the pig iron or remelted pig iron, ironcasting.
3. a kind of smelting process of low-phosphorous-low titanium-low-sulfur steel as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:In step 2), institute
It states slag charge and includes lime, slag adjusting agent.
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CN102433504A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-05-02 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Steel for medium/heavy duty vehicle gear shaft blank in cross wedge rolling process and preparation method thereof |
CN103695785A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-02 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Steel for low-temperature and high-pressure pipeline connector and manufacturing method of continuous casting round billet thereof |
CN104087719A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 常州东大中天钢铁研究院有限公司 | Smelting process of high-carbon bearing steel |
CN104878297A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-02 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | Production method of low-titanium bearing steel GCr15 |
CN105543644A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-05-04 | 抚顺特殊钢股份有限公司 | Novel manufacturing technology of super-large size gear steel SCM822H for industrial speed reducer |
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