CN104611502A - Aluminum-containing and sulfur-containing series gear steel smelting process - Google Patents
Aluminum-containing and sulfur-containing series gear steel smelting process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum-containing and sulfur-containing series gear steel smelting process. Liquid iron is required to contain 0.20-0.50% of Si, less than or equal to 0.035% of S, and less than or equal to 0.110% of P, and at a temperature T greater than or equal to 1250 DEG C; lime for an electric furnace and refining is required to contain greater than or equal to 90% of CaO and less than or equal to 1.2% of SiO2, and has the activity degree of greater than or equal to 300 and the granularity of 10-40mm; a low-silicon refining agent is required to contain greater than or equal to 45% and less than or equal to 55% of CaO, less than or equal to 2.0% of SiO2, and greater than or equal to 35% and less than or equal to 40% of Al2O3. The liquid iron hot charge ratio of the electric furnace reaches up to 90%; for LF refining, a first strong and later weak deoxidization manner is adopted; at the middle-late stages, a weak deoxidizer is adopted for furnace slag maintenance to realize further deoxidization. Meanwhile, deoxidization and S removal are performed, and then an S wire is fed to obtain a certain S content; in addition, the S wire is allowed to be fed only in more than 5 minutes after the denaturalization treatment of feeding a calcium-iron wire into VD liquid steel, and therefore, the formation of CaS inclusion in a clogging material at other water gap is prevented; and at last, the castability of the liquid steel is guaranteed while excellent structural properties of the steel product are obtained, and the purity of the liquid steel is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, relate to a kind of steel smelting technology, specifically a kind of containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Pinion Steel smelting technology.
Background technology
Containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear steel, belong to converted steel, intensity, toughness are all high, and hardening capacity is good.The performance obtained after thermal treatment is better than 20Cr.Quenching strain is little, and low-temperature flexibility is good, and machinability is better.General in carburizing and quenching or modified rear use.For the manufacture of the carburized parts with the heavy in section modified part of heavy duty and small cross-section, also can be used for manufacturing medium load, impacting less middle finding, replace 20CrNi use, as gear, axle, main shaft, speed change equipment friction wheel, worm screw, speed regulator sleeve etc.The main steel grade of this series has 16MnCr5,20MnCrS5,25MnCr5,28MnCr5 etc., and these grades of steel are all produced according to germany volkswagen company standard, is that to introduce technical requirements in grade of steel at present the highest, one group of Series Steel that production difficulty is maximum.For meeting its service requirements, Pinion Steel must have good fatigue resistance, good cutting ability and good hardening capacity.
Its quality of high-quality Pinion Steel is mainly manifested in three aspects: H is narrow, high purity, uniform small grains; The key of smelting containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear steel to improve the purity of molten steel, that is: reduce oxygen level, inclusion and residual element content in molten steel.Obtaining good hardening capacity, fine grain structure and free cutting property for ensureing simultaneously, also will control each elemental composition in steel well.Current Major Difficulties controls Si content in steel (can increase the internal oxidition tendency of gear carburization process because of too high silicone content at lower level, form " the black cellular microstructure " defect, fatigue lifetime is sharply reduced, reduce carburizing quality) while be the lower oxygen level and the fine grain structure that ensure molten steel, steelmaking process must be strengthened deoxidation and ensures finished product aluminium content by a large amount of aluminium, be similarly crystal grain thinning to need to use containing Ti alloy, Al and Ti is all oxidizable elements, certainly will generate the Al of a large amount of infusibility like this in production process
2o
3, TiO
2etc. being mingled with, in addition due in order to ensure that the free cutting property of Pinion Steel needs to add certain S, in molten steel during S content height, it very easily reacts with the calcium in molten steel the CaS generating more infusibility and is mingled with, the Al in molten steel
2o
3, TiO
2, CaS etc. can enrichment cause molten steel in mold liquid fluctuating and nozzle clogging, not only cause slag in the mouth of a river when being mingled with too high levels, affect purity and the surface quality of steel of molten steel, nozzle clogging can cause casting process to interrupt simultaneously, and impact is produced and carried out smoothly.
At present, blast-melted-converter-LF refining-VD (or RH)-continuous casting production process is adopted to produce Pinion Steel.Simultaneously because of a large amount of aluminium, titanium, sulphur, molten steel pourability is poor, can not realize sequence casting, billet surface quality is also poor, steel oxygen level and nonmetal oxygen level also easily exceed standard, and add and scrap in a large number while affecting steel quality, have had a strong impact on production cost control.
How to obtain certain Al content, S content, Ti content and lower Si content in molten steel, and ensure that molten steel does not occur dross, liquid level shakiness at casting process thus realizes the main bugbear that sequence casting becomes research of technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear smelting steel technique, adopt this technique can realize Al, S, Ti content certain in molten steel and lower Si content, and ensure the castability of molten steel, realize sequence casting.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear smelting steel technique, it is characterized in that this technique specific requirement is as follows:
(1) molten iron requires: Si 0.20-0.50%, S≤0.035%, P≤0.110%, T >=1250 DEG C.
(2) steel scrap requires: steel scrap must be clean, dry, must not have rubbish, must detect its residual element content, accomplishes the mutual collocation of thin material and heavy material simultaneously.
(3) electric furnace, refining lime, low Si refining agent require:
Lime: CaO>=90%, SiO
2≤ 1.2%, activity degree>=300, granularity requirements 10-40mm;
Low Si refining agent requires: 45%≤CaO≤55%, SiO
2≤ 2.0%, 35%≤Al
2o
3≤ 40%.
(4) furnace lining, ladle require: 5 stoves before the new furnace lining of electric furnace, reprocess the ladle that ladle, new ladle and upper stove smelt high silicon steel kind (Si >=0.35%) and must not be used for smelting containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear steel.Simultaneously must clear up, and adopt sand supply automatically device to guarantee to add high-quality stuffing sand equably steel ladle edge and the residual steel at the bag end, residue, guarantee that large bag self-opening rate is greater than 99%.
(5) electrosmelting process: when C≤0.30% in stove; During P≤0.015%, forbid large discharge oxygen supply in stove, guarantee terminal C, prevent Molten Steel over-oxidation.
(6) electric furnace steel tapping process carries out staying steel to operate, and prevents slag.
(7) electric furnace steel tapping temperature is guaranteed, ensure that on molten steel, LF temperature is greater than 1570 DEG C, adopt lime and the low Si refining agent of part in tapping process, and add the strong reductor such as aluminium block and calcium carbide, the favourable dynamic conditions utilizing tapping process slag to mix punching realizes Fast Slag Melting, deoxidation.
(8) the LF refining initial stage adopts the strong reductor such as aluminum shot, calcium carbide to carry out deoxidation, and add a small amount of lime and the slag making of low Si refining agent depending on slag situation, and adopt large argon gas to stir thus realize making white slag as early as possible, reach the object of deoxidation, desulfurization, turn yellow in vain until slag and feed aluminum steel immediately, strive for disposable aluminium being adjusted to the right place, make the Al generated
2o
3etc. being mingled with enough gathering floating interval of floating dock.
(9) the LF refining middle and later periods carries out the maintenance of deoxidation and slag with weak reductors such as C powder, composite deoxidants, and whole smelting process prohibits the use containing Si deoxidation material, and adds the adjustment that ferrotianium carries out titanium before LF refining bull ladle.Require whole LF stove refining time >=45 minute.
(10), after VD breaks sky, calcium iron wire is first fed to the Al in molten steel
2o
3carry out denaturing treatment etc. being mingled with, after denaturing treatment, interval feeds S line in more than 5 minutes again, prevents generating dystectic CaS and is mingled with (it is also the major reason causing nozzle clogging that CaS is mingled with).Carry out the stirring of soft blow argon after VD, guarantee that soft argon blowing time is at 30-60min.
(11) during continuous casting, the omnidistance blowing argon that adopts is poured into a mould, and middle bag adopts two insulating covering agent to protect, and great Bao, middle bag all adopt and stay steel to operate.
In the present invention, electric furnace realizes liquid iron charging than 90%, realize electric converter just to refine, decrease because a large amount of steel scrap of electric furnace uses a large amount of harmful residual elements brought, ensure that enough C that joins measure simultaneously, be conducive to ensureing terminal C, prevent Molten Steel over-oxidation, LF refining process adopts first strong rear weak deoxidation thinking, and until refining initial stage slag turn yellowish-white after disposable aluminium to be adjusted to the right place, and carry out adding of titanium again after deoxidation of molten steel puts in place entirely, this technique thinking can effectively control process aluminium damages, titanium damages, reduce refining and return silicon amount, ensure the Al produced simultaneously
2o
3, TiO
2etc. being mingled with enough floating interval of floating dock.Electric furnace of the present invention, refining smelting process adopt low silicon materials, and replace fluorite to carry out working the slag mobility with low Si refining agent, thus effectively can control molten steel Si content.
In addition adopt present invention process, require LF refining first deoxidation in early stage, de-S, after VD vacuum-treat, then adopt calcium iron wire to the Al in molten steel
2o
3carry out denaturing treatment etc. being mingled with, denaturing treatment interval feeds S line in more than 5 minutes again, obtains certain S content, and namely this technique thinking can improve Molten Steel Cleanliness, the CaS generating fusing point higher can be prevented again to be mingled with, thus prevent nozzle clogging, liquid fluctuating.Ensure the direct motion of cast.
Embodiment
A kind of containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear smelting steel technique, produce for 20MnCrS5 Pinion Steel and illustrate:
Production technique: blast-melted (90%)+steel scrap (10%)-100 ton of electric furnace-100 tons of ladle refining furnaces (LF)-100 tons of vacuum oven (VD)-5 machines 5 strand casting machine (220mm × 260mm rectangular bloom).
Electric furnace smelting process
1, electric furnace adopts blast-melted+steel scrap, and liquid iron charging ratio accounts for 90%, and eaf tapping point carbon content control, more than 0.06%, can reduce Molten Steel over-oxidation, thus prevents from smelting aluminium and damage and excessively bring a large amount of Al
2o
3etc. being mingled with, the oxygen level in steel and inclusion content effectively can be controlled.
2, electric furnace steel tapping adds lime 600kg, and low Si refining agent 400kg, is less than 0.03% to refining furnace Si content.
3, during tapping, calcium carbide double centner/stove is added and Al block 80 kilograms/stove carries out pre-deoxidation.
LF refining furnace technique
1, mainly diffusive deoxidation is carried out with the strong reductor such as aluminum shot 40Kg/ stove and calcium carbide (calcium carbide usage quantity is determined according to deoxidation situation) early stage; The weak reductors such as C powder and composite deoxidant are used to waft into the mobility ensureing white slag hold-time and slag every 5 ~ 8 minutes from stove gate after getting first sample, thus the ability that raising slag deoxidation and absorption are mingled with, whole refining process must not use and carry out deoxidation containing Si deoxidation material.
2, (be about energized 3 ~ 5 minutes) after scorification is complete, carry out slag making add lime and each double centner of low Si refining agent in stove about, [S]≤0.012% before VD in guarantee; And according to slag situation, use appropriate low Si refining agent to adjust slag fluidity.
3, power transmission feeds 400 meters, Al line (guarantee first sample Al >=0.060%, feed Al line if just need mend after not enough first sample) after 8 ~ 10 minutes, strives for that disposable aluminium puts in place; If low benefit of first about 5 minutes of bull ladle (Al) feeds appropriate Al line, guarantee that finished product (Al) controls at 0.020-0.050%; Ferrotianium 50Kg/ stove is added before bull ladle.
4, argon gas controls: increase C, add alloy after use large argon amount 200-250L/min, argon amount 100-150L/min during normal power transmission uses, non-electric power feeding time uses little argon amount 30-50L/min.
VD technique
1, more than 25 minutes VD total time, wherein final vacuum (≤67pa) hold-time >=15 minutes;
2, broken empty rear feeding hello 200 ~ 250 meters, the CaFe line of VD comes Al in molten steel
2o
3carrying out denaturing treatment etc. being mingled with, after 5 minutes, feeding appropriate S line to target (feeding S line to feed again after more than 5 minutes).
3, soft blow argon time controling 30-60min after VD, during soft blow, argon flow amount controls, and with the slight wriggling of slag interface for standard, forbids that slag is exposed, occurs bright.
Continuous casting process
Before continuous casting, centering bag carries out blowing argon, and the junction of ladle and long nozzle uses asbestos sealing washer, and in addition blowing argon; The bag degree of depth >=300 millimeter during long nozzle inserts, and do not allow to occur deflection.In addition ladle roughing slag detection technique and large Bao Liugang operation is adopted to prevent ladle slag to be involved in tundish.Tundish adopts alkaline covering agent to add the double shielding of charring rice husk.Adopt mold liquid level automatic control technology simultaneously, guarantee that mold liquid level does not fluctuate, not slag.Pulling speed of continuous casting controls at 0.8-1.0m/min, and superheating temperature controls at 20-35 DEG C, and casting process is forbidden frequently changing pulling rate, prevents the liquid fluctuating therefore occurred, causes slag.
In the 20MnCrS5 steel produced by the present invention, Al content controls at about 0.025-0.035%.Ti content controls at 0.006-0.010%; Si≤0.05%; S content controls at 0.020-0.030%, while in guarantee, it obtains good dies degree, free cutting property, there are not the cast such as liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer, nozzle clogging abnormal conditions, produce smooth, even the time of watering reaches 10-12 hour to tundish, can realize the above sequence casting of 12 stove (about 8 stoves can only even water in other steel mill domestic at present).And decrease the surface imperfection brought because of liquid fluctuating slag, also improve the purity of molten steel, this smelting technology may extend to other simultaneously containing the Pinion Steel of aluminium, sulfur-bearing, titaniferous, as 20MnCr5,27CD4,28MnCr5, SAE8620H etc. simultaneously.
Claims (3)
1., containing an aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear smelting steel technique, it is characterized in that this technique specific requirement is as follows:
(1) molten iron requires: Si 0.20-0.50%, S≤0.035%, P≤0.110%, T >=1250 DEG C;
(2) steel scrap requires: steel scrap is clean, dry, accomplishes thin material and the collocation mutually of heavy material;
(3) electric furnace, refining lime, low Si refining agent require:
Lime: CaO>=90%, SiO
2≤ 1.2%, activity degree>=300, granularity requirements 10-40mm;
Low Si refining agent requires: 45%≤CaO≤55%, SiO
2≤ 2.0%, 35%≤Al
2o
3≤ 40%;
(4) furnace lining, ladle require: 5 stoves before the new furnace lining of electric furnace, and the ladle reprocessing the high silicon steel kind of ladle, new ladle and upper stove smelting Si >=0.35% must not be used for smelting containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear steel; Steel ladle edge and the bag residual steel at the end, residue are cleared up, and adopted sand supply automatically device to guarantee to add high-quality stuffing sand equably simultaneously, guarantee that large bag self-opening rate is greater than 99%;
(5) electrosmelting process: when C≤0.30% in stove; During P≤0.015%, forbid large discharge oxygen supply in stove, guarantee terminal C, prevent Molten Steel over-oxidation;
(6) electric furnace steel tapping process carries out staying steel to operate, and prevents slag;
(7) guarantee electric furnace steel tapping temperature, ensure that on molten steel, LF temperature is greater than 1570 DEG C, adopts lime and low Si refining agent, and adds strong reductor aluminium block and calcium carbide, realize Fast Slag Melting, deoxidation in tapping process;
(8) the LF refining initial stage adopts strong reductor aluminum shot, calcium carbide carries out deoxidation, and add lime and the slag making of low Si refining agent, and adopt the stirring of large argon gas to realize making white slag as early as possible, reach the object of deoxidation, desulfurization, turn yellow in vain until slag and feed aluminum steel immediately, disposablely adjusted to the right place by aluminium, what make to generate is mingled with enough gathering floating interval of floating dock;
(9) the LF refining middle and later periods carries out the maintenance of deoxidation and slag with weak reductor C powder, composite deoxidant, and whole smelting process prohibits the use containing Si deoxidation material, and adds the adjustment that ferrotianium carries out titanium before LF refining bull ladle; Require whole LF stove refining time >=45 minute;
(10), after VD breaks sky, first feed calcium iron wire and carry out denaturing treatment to being mingled with in molten steel, after denaturing treatment, interval feeds S line in more than 5 minutes again, prevents generating dystectic CaS and is mingled with; Carry out the stirring of soft blow argon after VD, guarantee that soft argon blowing time is at 30-60min;
(11) during continuous casting, the omnidistance blowing argon that adopts is poured into a mould, and middle bag adopts two insulating covering agent to protect, and great Bao, middle bag all adopt and stay steel to operate.
2. according to claim 1 containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear smelting steel technique, it is characterized in that: in step (10), after VD breaks sky, first feed calcium iron wire to the Al in molten steel
2o
3be mingled with and carry out denaturing treatment.
3. according to claim 1 containing aluminium sulfur-bearing Series Gear smelting steel technique, it is characterized in that: in step (5), in electrosmelting process, liquid iron charging ratio is 90%.
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| CN106148844A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-23 | 常州东大中天钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of sulfur-bearing ultralow titanium high standard bearing steel |
| CN110257589A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-20 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | Reduce the production method of calcium-aluminate field trash in aluminum killed steel |
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| CN106148844B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-07-10 | 常州东大中天钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of sulfur-bearing ultralow titanium high standard bearing steel |
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| CN110408834B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-12-17 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for improving flaw detection qualification rate of steel ingot low-Si hydro Cr-Mo steel |
| CN110408834A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-05 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | It improves steel ingot low Si of becoming a useful person and faces the method for hydrogen Cr-Mo steel flaw detection qualification rate |
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| CN111663072B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-05-28 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Anti-nodulation high-sulfur non-quenched and tempered steel smelting process |
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| CN113817893A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-21 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Continuous casting production method of low-silicon high-aluminum sulfur-containing steel |
| CN113817893B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-06-28 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Continuous casting production method of low-silicon high-aluminum sulfur-containing steel |
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| CN114807505B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-08-18 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for adding rare earth elements into wheel steel |
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