CN106084177A - 一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料及其应用 - Google Patents

一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料及其应用 Download PDF

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CN106084177A
CN106084177A CN201610614727.8A CN201610614727A CN106084177A CN 106084177 A CN106084177 A CN 106084177A CN 201610614727 A CN201610614727 A CN 201610614727A CN 106084177 A CN106084177 A CN 106084177A
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黄仁军
资玉明
朱正华
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SUZHOU RONGCHANG COMPOUND MATERIAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料及其应用，包括如下以重量计算的原料组分：聚醚多元醇80‑150份、聚合物多元醇15‑20份、多异氰酸酯15‑20份、胶质碳酸钙3‑6份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物10‑14份、三碱式硫酸铅4‑8份、无卤阻燃剂3‑6份、扩链剂1‑4份、匀泡剂3‑5份、催化剂0.5‑2份、复合发泡剂7‑9份，应用到家具以及其他对硬度要求较高的泡沫塑料制品中去，不仅硬度高，阻燃性能好，且不含卤族元素和重金属，健康低碳，满足了对安全和环保的双重要求。

Description

一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料及其应用。
背景技术
在各类聚氨酯制品中，聚氨酯泡沫塑料是最重要的一部分，它的主要特征是具有多孔性，因而相对密度小，比强度高。根据所用原料不同和配方变化，可制成软质、半硬质和硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料等几种，其中硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，可用于高档家具等工业产品，例如床、梳妆台等，但是目前的硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料均存在阻燃性能不够，且燃烧后产生大量的一氧化碳、氢氰酸等剧毒气体，对家居环境和社会环境产生重大的危害。
因此，一种新型的环保安全且阻燃性能佳的硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料的研究值得探讨。
发明内容
发明目的：为了克服现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提出了一种不仅能满足阻燃性能的，且不含有危害物质重金属和卤族元素的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料及其应用。
技术方案：为了解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案为：一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，包括如下以重量计算的原料组分：聚醚多元醇80-150份、聚合物多元醇15-20份、多异氰酸酯15-20份、胶质碳酸钙3-6份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物10-14份、三碱式硫酸铅4-8份、无卤阻燃剂3-6份、扩链剂1-4份、匀泡剂3-5份、催化剂0.5-2份、复合发泡剂7-9份。
更进一步的，所述聚醚多元醇为高官能度聚醚多元醇与低官能度聚醚多元醇的混合物。
更进一步的，所述聚醚多元醇为高官能度聚醚多元醇与低官能度聚醚多元醇质量比为2:1的混合物。
更进一步的，述无卤阻燃剂为磷氮系阻燃剂。
更进一步的，所述磷氮系阻燃剂由三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐、二氧化硅、双季戊四醇混合而成。
更进一步的，所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、HQEE中的一种与甘油的混合物，其质量比为3:2。
更进一步的，所述匀泡剂为有机硅匀泡剂。
更进一步的，所述催化剂为羟基叔胺、吗啉类催化剂、羧酸盐催化剂中的一种。
更进一步的，所述复合发泡剂为环戊烷、丙丁烷，HCFC-22三种质量比为2:2:1的混合物。
本发明还提出了上述硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料的应用，用于家具以及其他对硬度要求较高的泡沫塑料制品的制备。
有益效果：本发明提供的一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料及其应用，包括如下以重量计算的原料组分：聚醚多元醇80-150份、聚合物多元醇15-20份、多异氰酸酯15-20份、胶质碳酸钙3-6份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物10-14份、三碱式硫酸铅4-8份、无卤阻燃剂3-6份、扩链剂1-4份、匀泡剂3-5份、催化剂0.5-2份、复合发泡剂7-9份，应用到家具以及其他对硬度要求较高的泡沫塑料制品中去，不仅硬度高，阻燃性能好，且不含卤族元素和重金属，健康低碳，满足了对安全和环保的双重要求。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明：
实施例1：
一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，包括如下以重量计算的原料组分：聚醚多元醇80份、聚合物多元醇15份、多异氰酸酯15份、胶质碳酸钙3份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物10份、三碱式硫酸铅4份、无卤阻燃剂3份、扩链剂1份、匀泡剂3份、催化剂0.5份、复合发泡剂7份。
其中，所述聚醚多元醇为高官能度聚醚多元醇与低官能度聚醚多元醇质量比为2:1的混合物；所述无卤阻燃剂为磷氮系阻燃剂，具体由三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐、二氧化硅、双季戊四醇混合而成；所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇与甘油的混合物，其质量比为3:2；所述匀泡剂为有机硅匀泡剂；所述催化剂为羟基叔胺催化剂；所述复合发泡剂为环戊烷、丙丁烷，HCFC-22三种质量比为2:2:1的混合物。
实施例2：
一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，包括如下以重量计算的原料组分：聚醚多元醇150份、聚合物多元醇20份、多异氰酸酯20份、胶质碳酸钙6份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物14份、三碱式硫酸铅8份、无卤阻燃剂6份、扩链剂4份、匀泡剂5份、催化剂2份、复合发泡剂9份。
其中，所述聚醚多元醇为高官能度聚醚多元醇与低官能度聚醚多元醇质量比为2:1的混合物；所述无卤阻燃剂为磷氮系阻燃剂，具体由三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐、二氧化硅、双季戊四醇混合而成；所述扩链剂为HQEE与甘油的混合物，其质量比为3:2；所述匀泡剂为有机硅匀泡剂；所述催化剂为吗啉类催化剂；所述复合发泡剂为环戊烷、丙丁烷，HCFC-22三种质量比为2:2:1的混合物。
实施例3：
一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，包括如下以重量计算的原料组分：聚醚多元醇120份、聚合物多元醇8份、多异氰酸酯17份、胶质碳酸钙5份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物12份、三碱式硫酸铅6份、无卤阻燃剂5份、扩链剂3份、匀泡剂4份、催化剂1份、复合发泡剂8份。
其中，所述聚醚多元醇为高官能度聚醚多元醇与低官能度聚醚多元醇质量比为2:1的混合物；所述无卤阻燃剂为磷氮系阻燃剂，具体由三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐、二氧化硅、双季戊四醇混合而成；所述扩链剂为1,6-己二醇与甘油的混合物，其质量比为3:2；所述匀泡剂为有机硅匀泡剂；所述催化剂为羧酸盐催化剂；所述复合发泡剂为环戊烷、丙丁烷，HCFC-22三种质量比为2:2:1的混合物。
实施例4：
上述一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料的应用，按常规的制备方法制备而成后应用到梳妆台的制备上。
取本发明实施例1-3制备的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料与市售的硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料进行对比检测试验，经检测本发明实施例1-3制备的硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料阻燃效果好(氧指数为25)，且不含有卤族元素和重金属。而市面上硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料经检测含有卤族元素和重金属残留，阻燃效果也不佳，具体泡沫塑料制品进行性能测试，结果均优，具体如表1：
表1实施例1-实施例3泡沫塑料制品性能测试结果
应当指出，以上具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于包括如下以重量计算的原料组分：聚醚多元醇80-150份、聚合物多元醇15-20份、多异氰酸酯15-20份、胶质碳酸钙3-6份、丙烯酸酯类共聚物10-14份、三碱式硫酸铅4-8份、无卤阻燃剂3-6份、扩链剂1-4份、匀泡剂3-5份、催化剂0.5-2份、复合发泡剂7-9份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于：所述聚醚多元醇为高官能度聚醚多元醇与低官能度聚醚多元醇的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于：所述聚醚多元醇为高官能度聚醚多元醇与低官能度聚醚多元醇质量比为2:1的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于：所述无卤阻燃剂为磷氮系阻燃剂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于：所述磷氮系阻燃剂由三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐、二氧化硅、双季戊四醇混合而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于：所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、HQEE中的一种与甘油的混合物，其质量比为3:2。
7.根据权利要求1所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于：所述匀泡剂为有机硅匀泡剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于：所述催化剂为羟基叔胺、吗啉类催化剂、羧酸盐催化剂中的一种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料，其特征在于：所述复合发泡剂为环戊烷、丙丁烷，HCFC-22三种质量比为2:2:1的混合物。
10.如权利要求1所述的环保阻燃型硬质聚氨酯结构泡沫塑料的应用，其特征在于用于家具以及其他对硬度要求较高的泡沫塑料制品的制备。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101454369A (zh) * 2006-05-31 2009-06-10 拜尔材料科学有限公司 由高固体含量和高羟值聚合物多元醇生产低二异氰酸酯含量的硬质和半硬质泡沫材料的方法及制得的泡沫材料
CN102796239A (zh) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-28 苏州井上高分子新材料有限公司 聚氨酯半硬质泡沫
CN104277194A (zh) * 2013-07-05 2015-01-14 拜耳材料科技(中国)有限公司 聚氨酯树脂组合物以及由其制备的聚氨酯复合物
CN104892889A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-09-09 杨秀莲 一种硬质阻燃聚氨酯泡沫

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101454369A (zh) * 2006-05-31 2009-06-10 拜尔材料科学有限公司 由高固体含量和高羟值聚合物多元醇生产低二异氰酸酯含量的硬质和半硬质泡沫材料的方法及制得的泡沫材料
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