CN106083013A - 一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106083013A
CN106083013A CN201610399518.6A CN201610399518A CN106083013A CN 106083013 A CN106083013 A CN 106083013A CN 201610399518 A CN201610399518 A CN 201610399518A CN 106083013 A CN106083013 A CN 106083013A
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porcelain insulator
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张超
杨志峰
王士维
刘少华
王根水
谢从珍
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JIANGSU NANCI INSULATORS CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子及其制备方法，包含由如下重量份数的原料配方制成：黑粘土10‑16份，左云土3‑7份，长石粉12‑16份，青草岭4‑8份，工业氧化铝17‑29份，矿化剂1‑3份，硅酸锆30‑44份。其中，所述矿化剂为石灰石粉、滑石粉、钛白粉、氧化钇中的一种。加入原料总重量30%的水得到浆料，然后球磨、过筛除铁、榨泥、注塑成型、干燥、等静压处理、上釉、烧成、胶装等工序得到最后的成品。采用本发明所生产的棒型瓷绝缘子机械性能优越，产品稳定性高、成品率高且使用寿命长。

Description

一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于电瓷绝缘子，尤其涉及一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子及其制备方法。
背景技术
近20年来，由于一系列新工艺、新技术的采用棒型瓷绝缘子的性能显得更加优越，其高可靠性，易安装施工、运行方便等优点使得越来越多的高压和超高压线路采用该绝缘型式。但是目前生产此类绝缘子大都采用的高铝瓷材料。由于氧化铝材料本身的韧性低，抗弯强度较差，导致本类产品的致命缺点是脆性，低可靠性和低重复性，这些不足容易产生产品内部缺陷，影响产品最终的机械强度及电性能，进而影响棒型瓷绝缘子的推广使用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种通过提高陶瓷中硅酸锆含量来达到瓷材料增韧目的的棒型瓷绝缘子及其制备方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明是通过以下的技术方案来实现的。
一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子，主要由如下重量份原料制成：黑粘土10-16份，左云土3-7份，长石粉12-16份，青草岭4-8份，氧化铝17-29份，矿化剂1-3份，硅酸锆30-44份。
进一步地所述矿化剂为石灰石、滑石粉、钛白粉、氧化钇中的一种。
进一步地还提供了一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将黑粘土10-16份，左云土3-7份，长石粉12-16份，青草岭4-8份，氧化铝17-29份，矿化剂1-3份，硅酸锆30-44份混合，加入原料总重量30～40％的水得到浆料；
(2)将浆料球磨后过筛除铁；
(3)将过筛除铁后的浆料榨泥的泥饼，在模具注塑成型，干燥后得到生坯，进行等静压处理；
(4)将压制后的生坯经上釉、烧结、胶装后得到增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子。
进一步地所述步骤(2)中球磨至料浆细度达到250目筛筛余物≤0.15％。
进一步地所述步骤(3)中干燥后得到生坯含水量＜2％。湿度≥2％时会使等静压压制过程中空气难以从生坯内排出，容易造成压块分层或在烧结时开裂。
进一步地所述步骤(3)等静压处理过程中以5MPa/min升压，升压至390～410MPa时保压30～90min，然后以5MPa/min卸压。等静压工艺制品具有组织结构均匀，密度高，烧结收缩率小，模具成本低，生产效率高，可成型形状复杂、细长制品和大尺寸制品和精密尺寸制品等突出优点。
进一步地所述步骤(4)中烧结方法为：先以0.6℃/min的升温速度将煅烧温度升至1100℃，再以0.5℃/min的升温速度升至1260℃，保温3.5h后开始降温，在1260-1100℃时，降温速率为1℃/min；在1100℃-室温降温速率为2℃/min，完成烧结。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
1)生产的棒型瓷绝缘子机械性能优越，产品稳定性高、成品率高且使用寿命长；
2)工艺过程简单，便于工业化。
具体实施方式
下面结合实例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将黑粘土13份，左云土5份，长石粉14份，青草岭5份，氧化铝23份，石灰石2份，硅酸锆37份混合，加入原料总重量30％的水得到浆料；
(2)将浆料球磨至料浆细度达到250目筛筛余物≤0.15％，然后过筛除铁；
(3)将过筛除铁后的浆料榨泥的泥饼，将过筛除铁后的浆料榨泥的泥饼，在模具注塑成型，干燥后得到生坯，控制生坯的含水量＜2％，然后进行等静压处理，将生坯放入等静压机中，先以5MPa/min升压，升压至390～410MPa时保压30～90min，然后以5MPa/min卸压；
(4)将压制后的生坯经上釉后，先以0.6℃/min的升温速度将煅烧温度升至1100℃，再以0.5℃/min的升温速度升至1260℃，保温3.5h后开始降温，在1260-1100℃时，降温速率为1℃/min；在1100℃-室温降温速率为2℃/min，完成烧结，最后胶装得到增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子。
球磨后的浆料及煅烧后的瓷材料的化学成分：
球磨后的浆料的物理性质：
测试本厂采用原配方及本发明配方生产的棒型瓷绝缘子QBZ2-25-8D产品系列的测试结果如下表：
试验项目 原配方 本发明配方 提高百分比
拉伸破坏强度/kN 13.6 16 17.6％
良品率 82.65％ 99.80％ 17.15％
实施例2
与实施例1基本相同，所不同的是配方，具体如下：黑粘土10份，左云土7份，长石粉12份，青草岭8份，氧化铝17份，滑石粉3份，硅酸锆44份。
球磨后的浆料及煅烧后的瓷材料的化学成分：
球磨后的浆料的物理性质：
测试本厂采用原配方及本发明配方生产的棒型瓷绝缘子QBZ2-25-8D产品系列的测试结果如下表：
试验项目 原配方 本发明配方 提高百分比
拉伸破坏强度/kN 13.6 17.23 22.69％
良品率 82.65％ 99.95 17.30％
实施例3
与实施例1基本相同，所不同的是配方，具体如下：黑粘土16份，左云土3份，长石粉16份，青草岭4份，氧化铝29份，钛白粉1份，硅酸锆30份。
球磨后的浆料及煅烧后的瓷材料的化学成分：
球磨后的浆料的物理性质：
测试本厂采用原配方及本发明配方生产的棒型瓷绝缘子QBZ2-25-8D产品系列的测试结果如下表：
试验项目 原配方 本发明配方 提高百分比
拉伸破坏强度/kN 13.6 15.78 16.03％
良品率 82.65 99.66％ 17.01％
实施例4
与实施例1基本相同，所不同的是配方，具体如下：黑粘土14份，左云土4份，长石粉13份，青草岭6份，氧化铝24份，氧化钇2份，硅酸锆39份。
球磨后的浆料及煅烧后的瓷材料的化学成分：
球磨后的浆料的物理性质：
测试本厂采用原配方及本发明配方生产的棒型瓷绝缘子QBZ2-25-8D产品系列的测试结果如下表：
试验项目 原配方 本发明配方 提高百分比
拉伸破坏强度/kN 13.6 17.65 29.78％
良品率 82.65％ 99.98 17.33％
本发明按照上述实施例进行了说明，应当理解，上述实施例不以任何形式限定本发明，凡采用等同替换或等效变换方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子，其特征在于，主要由如下重量份原料制成 ：黑粘土10-16份，左云土3-7份，长石粉12-16份，青草岭4-8份，氧化铝17-29份，矿化剂1-3份，硅酸锆30-44份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子，其特征在于，所述矿化剂为石灰石、滑石粉、钛白粉、氧化钇中的一种。
3.一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将黑粘土10-16份，左云土3-7份，长石粉12-16份，青草岭4-8份，氧化铝17-29份，矿化剂1-3份，硅酸锆30-44份混合，加入原料总重量30~40%的水得到浆料；
（2）将浆料球磨后过筛除铁；
（3）将过筛除铁后的浆料榨泥的泥饼，在模具注塑成型，干燥后得到生坯，进行等静压处理；
（4）将压制后的生坯经上釉、烧结、胶装后得到增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）中球磨至料浆细度达到250目筛筛余物≤0.15%。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）中干燥后得到生坯含水量＜2%。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）等静压处理过程中以5MPa/min升压，升压至390~410 MPa时保压30~90min，然后以5MPa/min卸压。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种增韧性棒型瓷绝缘子的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（4）中烧结方法为：先以0.6℃/min的升温速度将煅烧温度升至1100℃，再以0.5℃/min的升温速度升至1260℃，保温3.5h后开始降温，在1260-1100℃时，降温速率为1℃/min；在1100℃-室温降温速率为2℃/min，完成烧结。
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