CN106082986A - 一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖及其制备方法，其由以下重量份的原料制成：生物质燃烧灰渣17‑23、石油炼化废油泥15‑20、碱渣12‑19、蛇纹石23‑31、废砂浆10‑15、河卵石21‑29、锰尾矿14‑22、球土11‑18、钼酸钡7‑14、赤泥16‑24、水淬磷渣24‑32、砒砂岩20‑25、钟乳石18‑26、锑矿渣 15‑20。本发明通过添加生物质燃烧灰渣、石油炼化废油泥、砒砂岩等原料，能显著提高瓷砖的耐候性和抗老化性，同时能够增强瓷砖的热稳定性和化学稳定性，且能变废为宝，节约成本。本发明制得的瓷砖耐候性好，能够耐酸碱腐蚀和抗紫外线的辐射，同时不影响瓷砖的力学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种瓷砖及其制备方法，具体涉及一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
我国现代瓷砖产业的发展起源于20世纪，起初陶瓷砖产品的品种单一，只有内墙砖(俗称瓷片)一种产品，产量较小，自动化程度很低，后来逐渐出现锦砖、耐酸砖、彩釉砖等产品。从20世纪80年代开始，瓷砖产业开始迅猛发展起来，现该行业已成为建筑材料中的一支主力军,瓷砖产品已广泛地用于家庭、商业建筑以及公共设施上，产品也呈现出多功能、多花色品种、多装饰效果的发展趋势。随着我国建筑行业的快速发展以及人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对瓷砖的性能要求日益苛刻，现有瓷砖的耐候性越来越无法满足现有市场的需求。。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐候性好的掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖，由以下重量份的原料制成：生物质燃烧灰渣17-23、石油炼化废油泥15-20、碱渣12-19、蛇纹石23-31、废砂浆10-15、河卵石21-29、锰尾矿14-22、球土11-18、钼酸钡7-14、赤泥16-24、水淬磷渣24-32、砒砂岩20-25、钟乳石18-26、锑矿渣15-20。
一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将蛇纹石、砒砂岩、锰尾矿、钟乳石混合，粉碎，过80-100目筛，加入适量的水搅拌制成40-45％的浆液，在1000-1200r/min的转速下研磨0.5-1h，然后将球磨后的浆料以0.2-0.4Mpa的压力送入喷雾干燥造粒机中喷雾造粒，离心转盘转速为2500-4000r/min，喷雾干燥造粒机的进口温度为220-260℃，出口温度80-140℃，最后将所得的颗粒过100-120目筛，再在870-940℃温度下焙烧1-3h，冷却至室温，得物料A；
(2)取河卵石、水淬磷渣、锑矿渣混合均匀，加热熔化成熔融液，然后采用压力为1.8-2.4MPa、气流速度为14-18m/s的高压高速空气将熔融液喷吹成絮状纤维，得物料B；
(3)将生物质燃烧灰渣、碱渣、赤泥混合均匀，粉碎，过120-140目筛，然后加入石油炼化废油泥、废砂浆、球土、钼酸钡等原料，在2000-4000r/min的转速下球磨20-40min，得物料C；
(4)将上述制得的物料A、物料B、物料C混合，在900-1300r/min的转速下搅拌6-9min，然后加入相当于混合料重量5-8％的固含量为45％的水玻璃，在1500-2500r/min的转速下搅拌7-12min，静置20-25h后送入到成型机在70-80MPa的压力下压制成型，然后将压制好的砖坯在85-95℃的温度下干燥至含水量低于2％；
(5)将烘干后的砖坯置于马弗炉内进行煅烧：先以5-7℃/min的速率升温至510-560℃，保温1-2h，再以3-6℃/min的速率升温至1110-1170℃，保温3-4h，再以2-4℃/min的速率降温至700-750℃，保温1.5-2.5h；再置于微波煅烧炉内进行煅烧：先控制微波功率在300-400W，煅烧50-60min，再控制微波功率在600-700W，煅烧25-35min，再控制微波功率在850-950W，煅烧15-25min，随炉冷却至室温，即得成品。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明通过添加生物质燃烧灰渣、石油炼化废油泥、砒砂岩等原料，能显著提高瓷砖的耐候性和抗老化性，同时能够增强瓷砖的热稳定性和化学稳定性，且能变废为宝，节约成本。本发明制得的瓷砖耐候性好，能够耐酸碱腐蚀和抗紫外线的辐射，同时不影响瓷砖的力学性能。
具体实施方式
一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖，由以下重量(kg)的原料制成：生物质燃烧灰渣21、石油炼化废油泥17、碱渣15、蛇纹石29、废砂浆12、河卵石24、锰尾矿18、球土15、钼酸钡11、赤泥20、水淬磷渣28、砒砂岩23、钟乳石22、锑矿渣17。
一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将蛇纹石、砒砂岩、锰尾矿、钟乳石混合，粉碎，过100目筛，加入适量的水搅拌制成43％的浆液，在1100r/min的转速下研磨0.5h，然后将球磨后的浆料以0.3Mpa的压力送入喷雾干燥造粒机中喷雾造粒，离心转盘转速为3500r/min，喷雾干燥造粒机的进口温度为240℃，出口温度110℃，最后将所得的颗粒过120目筛，再在915℃温度下焙烧2h，冷却至室温，得物料A；
(2)取河卵石、水淬磷渣、锑矿渣混合均匀，加热熔化成熔融液，然后采用压力为2.2MPa、气流速度为16m/s的高压高速空气将熔融液喷吹成絮状纤维，得物料B；
(3)将生物质燃烧灰渣、碱渣、赤泥混合均匀，粉碎，过140目筛，然后加入石油炼化废油泥、废砂浆、球土、钼酸钡等原料，在3000r/min的转速下球磨30min，得物料C；
(4)将上述制得的物料A、物料B、物料C混合，在1200r/min的转速下搅拌7min，然后加入相当于混合料重量7％的固含量为45％的水玻璃，在2000r/min的转速下搅拌9min，静置23h后送入到成型机在75MPa的压力下压制成型，然后将压制好的砖坯在90℃的温度下干燥至含水量低于2％；
(5)将烘干后的砖坯置于马弗炉内进行煅烧：先以6℃/min的速率升温至530℃，保温1.5h，再以4℃/min的速率升温至1150℃，保温3.5h，再以3℃/min的速率降温至740℃，保温2h；再置于微波煅烧炉内进行煅烧：先控制微波功率在350W，煅烧55min，再控制微波功率在650W，煅烧30min，再控制微波功率在900W，煅烧20min，随炉冷却至室温，即得成品。
上述实施例生产出来的瓷砖的性能检测结果如下表所示：
| 项目 | 单位 | 检测结果 |
| 破坏强度 | N | 1943 |
| 断裂模数 | MPa | 35 |
| 吸水率 | ％ | 0.25 |
| 热膨胀系数 | m/m·k | 5.9×10-6 |
Claims (2)
1.一种掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：生物质燃烧灰渣17-23、石油炼化废油泥15-20、碱渣12-19、蛇纹石23-31、废砂浆10-15、河卵石21-29、锰尾矿14-22、球土11-18、钼酸钡7-14、赤泥16-24、水淬磷渣24-32、砒砂岩20-25、钟乳石18-26、锑矿渣 15-20。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的掺有生物质燃烧灰渣和石油炼化废油泥的瓷砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将蛇纹石、砒砂岩、锰尾矿、钟乳石混合，粉碎，过80-100目筛，加入适量的水搅拌制成40-45%的浆液，在1000-1200r/min的转速下研磨0.5-1h，然后将球磨后的浆料以0.2-0.4Mpa的压力送入喷雾干燥造粒机中喷雾造粒，离心转盘转速为2500-4000r/min，喷雾干燥造粒机的进口温度为220-260℃，出口温度80-140℃，最后将所得的颗粒过100-120目筛，再在870-940℃温度下焙烧1-3h，冷却至室温，得物料A；
（2）取河卵石、水淬磷渣、锑矿渣混合均匀，加热熔化成熔融液，然后采用压力为1.8-2.4MPa、气流速度为14-18m/s的高压高速空气将熔融液喷吹成絮状纤维，得物料B；
（3）将生物质燃烧灰渣、碱渣、赤泥混合均匀，粉碎，过120-140目筛，然后加入石油炼化废油泥、废砂浆、球土、钼酸钡等原料，在2000-4000r/min的转速下球磨20-40min，得物料C；
（4）将上述制得的物料A、物料B、物料C混合，在900-1300r/min的转速下搅拌6-9min，然后加入相当于混合料重量5-8%的固含量为45%的水玻璃，在1500-2500r/min的转速下搅拌7-12min，静置20-25h后送入到成型机在70-80MPa的压力下压制成型，然后将压制好的砖坯在85-95℃的温度下干燥至含水量低于2%；
（5）将烘干后的砖坯置于马弗炉内进行煅烧：先以5-7℃/min的速率升温至510-560℃，保温1-2h，再以3-6℃/min的速率升温至1110-1170℃，保温3-4h，再以2-4℃/min的速率降温至700-750℃，保温1.5-2.5h；再置于微波煅烧炉内进行煅烧：先控制微波功率在300-400W，煅烧50-60min，再控制微波功率在600-700W，煅烧25-35min，再控制微波功率在850-950W，煅烧15-25min，随炉冷却至室温，即得成品。
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| CN116693274A (zh) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-05 | 江西唯美陶瓷有限公司 | 掺杂生物质灰渣白色釉面砖及其制备方法 |
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| CN116693274B (zh) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-06-25 | 江西唯美陶瓷有限公司 | 掺杂生物质灰渣白色釉面砖及其制备方法 |
| CN118125811A (zh) * | 2024-05-10 | 2024-06-04 | 内蒙古农业大学 | 一种砒砂岩多孔轻质陶砂及其制备方法 |
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