CN106075240A - 一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂及其制备方法，中药原料按重量份配比为：白术50‑70份、黄芪30‑40份、沙姜20‑30份、山楂20‑30份、涩梨20‑30份、蒙莸5‑8份、陈皮10‑15份、石菖蒲10‑15份、白花蛇舌草5‑10份、木通5‑10份。本发明的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，富含中草药活性物质、活性小肽、乳酸和益生菌，能够提高免疫功能、增强猪抗病力，提高猪生长速度，增加食欲，有效地预防和治疗猪呼吸道疾病，且无毒副作用、无污染、无残留、不产生耐药性，制备方法工艺条件简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及兽药技术领域，尤其涉及一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
猪呼吸道疾病综合症(PRDC)以生长速度降低、饲料利用率降低、食欲减退、咳嗽及呼吸困难为特征的疾病，虽然总体死亡率不高，但严重影响猪场的经济效益。而且，呼吸道疾病综合症出现了一些新的特点，一，混合感染的病原体有所变化，病原体为肺炎支原体、繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒(PRRSV)、2型圆环病毒(PCV-2)等的感染为主，再结合其它的细菌继发或混合感染；二，发病时间的改变，断奶后各个阶段的猪均可发病，即从断奶后两周开始，一直到育肥期都可以发生呼吸道疾病综合症。
现有技术，防治猪呼吸道疾病综合症的药剂一般以西药为主，猪场常用的药物组合为枝原净100ppm、金霉素300ppm、阿莫西林400ppm；也可使用枝原净100ppm、氟苯尼考60ppm；或加康500克/吨料，使用时间是在母猪产前、产后各连用1周；仔猪断奶后连用14天；保育舍转群后连用1周。然而，其效果不理想，用药后容易复发。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足，提供一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，富含中草药活性物质、活性小肽、乳酸和益生菌，能够提高免疫功能、增强猪抗病力，提高猪生长速度，增加食欲，有效地防治猪呼吸道疾病，且无毒副作用、无污染、无残留、不产生耐药性，制备方法工艺条件简单。
本发明还提供该防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，中药原料按重量份配比为：白术50-70份、黄芪30-40份、沙姜20-30份、山楂20-30份、涩梨20-30份、蒙莸5-8份、陈皮10-15份、石菖蒲10-15份、白花蛇舌草5-10份、木通5-10份。
优选地，所述的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，中药原料按重量份配比为：白术60份、黄芪35份、沙姜25份、山楂25份、涩梨25份、蒙莸6份、陈皮12份、石菖蒲12份、白花蛇舌草6份、木通6份。
所述的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述重量份比例称取各中药，将各中药超微粉碎；
(2)加入中药总重量5-7倍量的水，浸泡30-50min，武火煮沸，文火保温30-60min，冷却过滤；滤渣加4-5倍量的水，武火煮沸，文火保温30-60min，冷过滤，合并两次滤液；
(3)收集滤液，向滤液中加入其重量20％的白糖，并煮沸5-10min，冷却至常温，接种滤液重量20％的乳酸杆菌、双岐杆菌及枯草芽孢杆菌制剂，进行发酵，发酵时间为3-5天，发酵温度为30-35℃，得微生态制剂。
本发明在预防猪呼吸道疾病时，将发酵液稀释5-8倍，连续给猪饮用5天；治疗猪呼吸道疾病时，将发酵液稀释3-5倍，连续给猪饮用5天。
本发明中，各中药药理作用如下：
白术，味苦、甘而性温，功能健脾益气，燥湿利水，止汗，安胎。
黄芪，主治小便不通、酒疸黄疾、白浊、萎黄焦渴、老人便秘、血淋、少淋、吐血、咳脓咳血、肺痈、胎动不安、阴汗湿痒。有补中益气敛汗、治慢性肾炎、消蛋白、解毒生肌、补益脾胃等功效；黄芪含皂甙、蔗糖、多糖、多种氨基酸、叶酸及硒、锌、铜等多种微量元素；有增强机体免疫功能、保肝、利尿、抗衰老、抗应激、降压和较广泛的抗菌作用。
沙姜，气香特异，味辛辣，功能主治行气温中，消食，止痛，温中散寒，开胃消食，理气止痛；用于胸膈胀满，脘腹冷痛，饮食不消。
涩梨，味甘，酸，涩，性微温；功能主治消食导滞，理气健脾，主食积停滞，脘腹胀育，泄泻。
蒙莸，甘，温。功能主治：消食理气，祛风湿，活血止痛。主治消化不良，腹胀；外用治风湿性关节炎。
陈皮，理气和中，燥湿化痰，利水通便；主治脾胃不和，脘腹胀痛，不思饮食，呕吐哕逆；痰湿阻肺，咳嗽痰多，胸膈满闷，头目眩晕；用于胸腹胀满等症；既能健脾，又能理气。
石菖蒲，气芳香，味苦、微辛；功能主治：化湿开胃，开窍豁痰，醒神益智。用于脘痞不饥，噤口下痢，神昏癫痫，健忘耳聋；理气，活血，散风，去湿。
白花蛇舌草，性寒，味微酸；归脾、肺经；能清血热、消风散气、解毒退肿、止痛；主治肠热、喉痛、肠痛、大热积热、疮肿；
木通，清心火，利小便，用于胸中烦热，喉痹咽痛。
与已有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，富含中草药活性物质、活性小肽、乳酸和益生菌，能够提高免疫功能、增强猪抗病力，提高猪生长速度，增加食欲，有效地预防和治疗猪呼吸道疾病，且无毒副作用、无污染、无残留、不产生耐药性，制备方法工艺条件简单。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明不仅限于这些实施例，在未脱离本发明宗旨的前提下，所作的任何改进均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1：
一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，中药原料按重量份配比为：白术50份、黄芪40份、沙姜20份、山楂20份、涩梨20份、蒙莸5份、陈皮10份、石菖蒲10份、白花蛇舌草10份、木通5份。
所述的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述重量份比例称取各中药，将各中药超微粉碎；
(2)加入中药总重量5倍量的水，浸泡50min，武火煮沸，文火保温30min，冷却过滤；滤渣加4倍量的水，武火煮沸，文火保温30min，冷过滤，合并两次滤液；
(3)收集滤液，向滤液中加入其重量20％的白糖，并煮沸5min，冷却至常温，接种滤液重量20％的乳酸杆菌、双岐杆菌及枯草芽孢杆菌制剂，进行发酵，发酵时间为3天，发酵温度为30℃，得微生态制剂。
实施例2：
一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，中药原料按重量份配比为：白术60份、黄芪35份、沙姜25份、山楂25份、涩梨25份、蒙莸6份、陈皮12份、石菖蒲12份、白花蛇舌草6份、木通6份。
所述的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述重量份比例称取各中药，将各中药超微粉碎；
(2)加入中药总重量6倍量的水，浸泡40min，武火煮沸，文火保温50min，冷却过滤；滤渣加5倍量的水，武火煮沸，文火保温50min，冷过滤，合并两次滤液；
(3)收集滤液，向滤液中加入其重量20％的白糖，并煮沸6min，冷却至常温，接种滤液重量20％的乳酸杆菌、双岐杆菌及枯草芽孢杆菌制剂，进行发酵，发酵时间为4天，发酵温度为32℃，得微生态制剂。
实施例3：
一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，中药原料按重量份配比为：白术70份、黄芪40份、沙姜30份、山楂30份、涩梨30份、蒙莸5份、陈皮15份、石菖蒲15份、白花蛇舌草5份、木通10份。
所述的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述重量份比例称取各中药，将各中药超微粉碎；
(2)加入中药总重量7倍量的水，浸泡50min，武火煮沸，文火保温60min，冷却过滤；滤渣加5倍量的水，武火煮沸，文火保温60min，冷过滤，合并两次滤液；
(3)收集滤液，向滤液中加入其重量20％的白糖，并煮沸10min，冷却至常温，接种滤液重量20％的乳酸杆菌、双岐杆菌及枯草芽孢杆菌制剂，进行发酵，发酵时间为5天，发酵温度为35℃，得微生态制剂。
试验例:
(一)预防猪呼吸道疾病实验
(1)随机挑选品种相同、体重相近、饲养与管理条件一致、约80日龄的小猪80头，随机分为4组，分别为A、B、C、D组，每组20头。其中，试验A组采用实施例1的制剂；试验B组采用实施例2的制剂；试验C组采用实施例3的制剂，试验D组不添加任何药物。
(2)试验方法：相同条件下预饲喂一周，早上空腹称重，并做记录。开始试验，连续饲喂5日，每天观察试验猪的临床变化，并进行记录；两个月试验期结束，称重。
(3)疗效判断标准：
轻微为仔猪有明显且连续3次以内打喷嚏或咳嗽。
中度为仔猪有明显且连续3次以上的咳嗽。
严重为仔猪有明显连续咳嗽并气喘，呈腹式呼吸，且消瘦严重。
(4)试验结果：
临床试验结果如下表1：
| 呼吸道症状 | A组 | B组 | C组 | D组 |
| 无 | 16 | 19 | 18 | 8 |
| 轻微 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 中度 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| 严重 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 发病率％ | 13.33 | 3.33 | 3.33 | 46.67 |
通过上表1的观察，采用本发明的中药微生态制剂对预防猪呼吸道疾病有显著效果。
(二)治疗猪呼吸道疾病实验
(1)试验药品：实施例1、实施例2、实施例3的中药微生态制剂；
(2)试验动物：自然发病，有呼吸道疾病症状的小猪，主要表现为喘气、咳嗽症状。随机挑选品种相同、体重相近、饲养与管理条件一致、出现呼吸道病症状相近的小猪80头，随机分为4组，分别为A、B、C、D组，每组20头。其中，试验A组采用实施例1的制剂，试验B组采用实施例2的制剂，试验C组采用实施例3的制剂，试验D组不添加任何药物。
(3)试验方法：A、B、C组使用时，将中药微生态制剂稀释5倍，连续给猪饮用5天。每天早上8点、晚上8点观察，记录仔猪喘气、咳嗽情况及死亡数。
(4)疗效评价指标：死亡率＝死亡猪/试验猪数×100％；治愈率＝猪治愈数/试验猪数×100％；有效率＝治疗有效猪数/试验猪数×100％。试验结果如下表2：
表2本发明药物对猪呼吸道病疗效统计结果
由上表2可知，试验A、B、C组对猪呼吸道病均有显著疗效；其中试验B组的疗效最好。
Claims (4)
1.一种防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，其特征在于：中药原料按重量份配比为：白术50-70份、黄芪30-40份、沙姜20-30份、山楂20-30份、涩梨20-30份、蒙莸5-8份、陈皮10-15份、石菖蒲10-15份、白花蛇舌草5-10份、木通5-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，其特征在于：中药原料按重量份配比为：白术60份、黄芪35份、沙姜25份、山楂25份、涩梨25份、蒙莸6份、陈皮12份、石菖蒲12份、白花蛇舌草6份、木通6份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(1)按上述重量份比例称取各中药，将各中药超微粉碎；
(2)加入中药总重量5-7倍量的水，浸泡30-50min，武火煮沸，文火保温30-60min，冷却过滤；滤渣加4-5倍量的水，武火煮沸，文火保温30-60min，冷过滤，合并两次滤液；
(3)收集滤液，向滤液中加入其重量20％的白糖，并煮沸5-10min，冷却至常温，接种滤液重量20％的乳酸杆菌、双岐杆菌及枯草芽孢杆菌制剂，进行发酵，发酵时间为3-5天，发酵温度为30-35℃，得微生态制剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防治猪呼吸道疾病中药微生态制剂，其特征在于：预防猪呼吸道疾病时，将发酵液稀释5-8倍，连续给猪饮用5天；治疗猪呼吸道疾病时，将发酵液稀释3-5倍，连续给猪饮用5天。
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