CN106074805A - 一种用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:大叶五加皮3份、血风藤12份、夜交藤15份、芜菁子10份、鹿蹄草4份、香橼4份、独花山牛蒡12份、商陆6份。本发明运用:大叶五加皮清湿利水,疏通乳腺;血风藤活血养血调经;夜交藤养心安神通络;芜菁子养肝行气,清热解毒;鹿蹄草清热解毒,消肿散结;香橼理气降逆,宽胸化痰;独花山牛蒡清热解毒,活血通乳;商陆逐水消肿,解毒散结。诸药合用,达到疏肝理气,解郁通络,活血化瘀,软坚消癖之功效。临床实验证明,本发明能够安全有效治疗乳腺增生病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药,具体涉及一种用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物。
背景技术
乳腺增生病是指乳腺导管、乳腺小叶、腺泡上皮、纤维组织的单项或多项良性增生。以周期性加重的乳房胀痛和多发性乳房肿块为主要临床特点。本病较为常见,国内报道其发病率在10%左右,且多发于30~50岁妇女,男子亦有发生。本病原因迄今尚未明确,主要认为与人体的内分泌功能紊乱,特别是与妇女的卵巢功能失调有关。鉴于本病癌变的危险性比健康妇女高出1.4~2.5倍,尤其是囊性增生恶变率平均为10%,1978年我国已将此病列为乳癌前期病变。由于现代西医学缺乏有效的疗法,因此,对本病的治疗,已成为中医学工作者当前研究的重要课题之一。
乳腺增生病以其临床特征表现,与中医“乳癖”、“乳疠”、“乳核”等病症相当。
病因
①精神过于紧张、情绪过于激动等不良精神因素,都可能使本来应该复原的乳腺增生组织得不到复原或复原不全,久而久之,便形成乳腺增生,而且这些不良的精神刺激还会加重已有的乳腺增生症状。
②多次人流易发乳腺增生。
③雌激素绝对或相对增高,孕激素绝对或相对降低所造成的乳腺结构紊乱。
④长期服用含雌激素的保健品、避孕药,也可能引发乳腺增生。
分类
乳腺增生有很多类型,有的完全是生理性的,不需特殊处理也可自行消退,如单纯性乳腺增生症,有的则是病理性的,需积极治疗,尤其是囊性增生类型,由于存在癌变的可能,不能掉以轻心。
①乳痛症
又称单纯性乳腺增生症。在少女和年轻患者中最为常见,其原因是由于性腺激素分泌旺盛及变化波动较大的缘故,以明显周期性乳房胀痛为特征,月经后疼痛自行消失。疼痛以乳房局部为主,但有时疼痛可放射至同侧腋窝,胸壁。这类增生属于正常的生理现象,患者首先不必过度焦虑和着急,只要调整情绪,保持平衡,一般升高的内分泌激素都可以慢慢地得到纠正,各种症状都可以自行消失。
②乳腺腺病
本类型的病变基础是乳房内的乳腺小叶和乳腺管均有扩张及腺体周围组织增生。
③囊性增生病
它以乳管上皮细胞增生为主要病变,乳房内出现的肿块多为弥漫性增厚,有部分患者呈局限性表现,且呈椭圆形的囊状物居多,很容易与纤维混淆。此类增生可能发展为癌变,常常引起患者的担心和恐慌。
临床表现
1.按其严重程度分期
①乳腺小叶增生(Ⅰ期乳腺增生)是乳腺的初期增生,多发生在25~35岁,症状表现较轻,属于乳腺增生Ⅰ期。
②乳腺腺病(乳腺导管扩张症,Ⅱ期乳腺增生)是乳腺初期增生的进一步发展,从小叶增生发展到乳腺导管扩张,称为乳腺腺病,多发于30~45岁,症状表现严重,属于乳腺增生Ⅱ期。容易引起重视,往往治愈比较困难,久治不愈造成精神压抑,导致症状加重。严重导致内分泌紊乱,如月经不调、失眠多梦、肤色晦暗等系列反应。
③囊性增生(乳腺导管扩张合并上皮细胞增生症,Ⅲ期乳腺增生)是乳腺二期增生的进一步发展,多发生在40~55岁,症状表现非常严重,三期增生的恶变率在70%以上,需积极治疗和定期检查,三期乳腺增生往往会给患者带来精神压抑及恐惧心理。
④乳腺囊肿病(Ⅳ期乳腺增生)乳腺导管细胞及上皮细胞大量堆积死亡,形成囊肿性肿块,癌变率90%以上。
⑤乳腺癌(Ⅴ期乳腺增生)多由囊性增生和囊肿进一步发展而来,乳腺癌的早期治疗首选手术,保乳与否应根据具体情况。Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期乳腺增生发展成乳腺癌的几率1%~3%,患上乳腺增生都必须及时治疗,不能任其发展。
2.主要症状
①乳房疼痛常为胀痛或刺痛,可累及一侧或两侧乳房,以一侧偏重多见,疼痛严重者不可触碰,甚至影响日常生活及工作。疼痛以乳房肿块处为主,亦可向患侧腋窝、胸胁或肩背部放射;有些则表现为乳头疼痛或痒。乳房疼痛常于月经前数天出现或加重,行经后疼痛明显减轻或消失;疼痛亦可随情绪变化而波动。这种与月经周期及情绪变化有关的疼痛是乳腺增生病临床表现的主要特点。
②乳房肿块肿块可发于单侧或双侧乳房内,单个或多个,好发于乳房外上象限,亦可见于其他象限。肿块形状有片块状、结节状、条索状、颗粒状等,其中以片块状为多见。肿块边界不明显,质地中等或稍硬韧,活动好,与周围组织无粘连,常有触痛。肿块大小不一,小者如粟粒般大,大者可逾3~4cm。乳房肿块也有随月经周期而变化的特点,月经前肿块增大变硬,月经来潮后肿块缩小变软。
③乳头溢液少数患者可出现乳头溢液,为自发溢液,草黄色或棕色浆液性溢液。
④月经失调本病患者可兼见月经前后不定期,量少或色淡,可伴痛经。
⑤情志改变患者常感情志不畅或心烦易怒,每遇生气、精神紧张或劳累后加重。
药物治疗
①该病属于严重的内分泌失调,病变组织对药物的敏感性差,肿块消失慢,治疗时间长,有时需要内服药物六个月到一年才起效。
②中药治疗以髓入手,全身治疗,使病症开始好转,人体恢复正常生理机能。
本发明所涉及药材均可见记载于《中华本草》。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物,通过选择合适的药材及其配比,达到安全有效治愈乳腺增生病的目的。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物,其特征在于,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:大叶五加皮3份、血风藤12份、夜交藤15份、芜菁子10份、鹿蹄草4份、香橼4份、独花山牛蒡12份、商陆6份。
下面结合中药学理论说明本发明有益效果:
发明人认为,乳房为阳明经脉之所过,乳头为厥阴之气所贯,因此乳腺增生病之发生,主要与肝、胃、冲、任等经脉关系密切,其病因与七情郁结,先天禀赋不足,饮食偏嗜,房劳过度等因素有关,病机概括分述如下。肝气邪结:思虑忧愁,郁郁寡欢,隐事曲折,难以排遣。郁怒伤肝,木失条达,肝气所乘,肆虐侮土。脾为阴土,思虑伤脾,又被木克,以致运化失职,水湿内困,聚而成痰,痰气内结,凝滞成块。阴虚火旺:肾为先天之本,藏精主液,若因房劳过度,以致肾精虚怯,肝失所养,或因“年过四十,阴气自半”,或嗜食炙膊煎炒之品,或肝气郁结,久而化火,火灼津液,炼聚成痰,阻塞乳络而致凝块。冲任失调:冲为血海,隶属于肝肾,任脉主一身之阴脉,若禀赋素弱,血海空虚,或恚怒伤肝,肝失条达,下扰血海,或因年老肾虚,任脉不固,以致冲任失调,经水循行紊乱,气血相乖,结于乳络而成乳癖。痰瘀凝滞:痰湿和瘀血通常为病理产物,但亦可反为致病因素。“痰挟瘀血遂成巢曩”,日深月久,气滞、血瘀、水湿、痰凝互相胶结,发为乳癖。故治疗则采取疏肝理气,解郁通络,活血化瘀,软坚消癖。
本发明运用:大叶五加皮清湿利水,疏通乳腺;血风藤活血养血调经;夜交藤养心安神通络;芜菁子养肝行气,清热解毒;鹿蹄草清热解毒,消肿散结;香橼理气降逆,宽胸化痰;独花山牛蒡清热解毒,活血通乳;商陆逐水消肿,解毒散结。诸药合用,共奏疏肝理气,解郁通络,活血化瘀,软坚消癖之功效。有效治疗乳腺增生。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果:
1、一般资料
发明人2012年6月-2015年1月间共收集96例乳腺增生病患者。随机分为:治疗组60例,对照组36例。其中治疗组年龄35~47岁,病程3个月~5年;对照组年龄37~46岁间,病程3个月~7年。两组性别、年龄、病程等资料无显著性差异,具有可比性。
诊断标准
①临床上有一侧或两侧乳房出现单个或多个肿块,多数伴有周期性乳房疼痛,且多与情绪及月经周期有明显关系,一般月经来潮前一周左右症状加重,行经后肿块及疼痛明显减轻,且连续3个月不能自行缓解。
②排除生理性乳房疼痛,如经前轻度乳房胀痛、青春期乳痛及仅有乳痛而无肿块的乳痛症。
③临床体检乳房内可触及单个或多个大小不等的不规则结节,质韧,多位于外上象限,结节与周围组织无粘连,可被推动,常有轻度触痛,腋下淋巴结不大。
④利用钼靶x线或干板摄影、b超、热象图等辅助检测手段,必要时行肿块针吸细胞学检查及局部活组织病理检查,以排除乳腺癌、乳腺纤维腺瘤等其他良、恶性乳腺疾病。
纳入标准①符合诊断标准;② 年龄18~70岁;③依从性好;④自愿签署知情同意书。
排除标准①妊娠、哺乳期妇女;②患有严重心、肺、肝、肾脏疾病患者;③有精神系统疾病,不能配合治疗者;④发病后经其他药物治疗的患者。
2、治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例3制得的胶囊,每日3次。治疗2个月。
对照组口服甲基睾丸素,每次10mg,每日1次。治疗2个月。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1疗效标准
①痊愈:乳房疼痛及肿块完全消失,停药未见复发;
②有效:经前、生气及劳累后,乳房疼痛的程度较治疗前明显减轻,肿块体积缩小,有轻微压痛;
③无效:治疗后,症状与体征未能改善,甚或加重。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1 两组疗效比较
组别 | n | 痊愈 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) | 明显不良反应例 |
治疗组 | 60 | 35 | 20 | 5 | 92% | 0 |
对照组 | 36 | 10 | 15 | 11 | 69% | 0 |
可见,本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗乳腺增生病,治愈率高。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明,下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
称取:大叶五加皮3克、血风藤12克、夜交藤15克、芜菁子10克、鹿蹄草4克、香橼4克、独花山牛蒡12克、商陆6克;加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;滤渣加6倍量水,煎煮1小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩至120克,即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于治疗乳腺增生病。口服,每日服用一次。
实施例2
称取:大叶五加皮3克、血风藤12克、夜交藤15克、芜菁子10克、鹿蹄草4克、香橼4克、独花山牛蒡12克、商陆6克;加10倍量水,煎煮2小时,过滤;滤渣加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,包装,即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗乳腺增生病。口服,每日分早晚两次服用。
实施例3
称取:大叶五加皮3克、血风藤12克、夜交藤15克、芜菁子10克、鹿蹄草4克、香橼4克、独花山牛蒡12克、商陆6克;加6倍量水,煎煮3次,每次煎煮1小时,合并煎煮液,浓缩,干燥,装入胶囊壳,即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗乳腺增生病。口服,每日分早中晚三次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物,其特征在于,它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成:大叶五加皮3份、血风藤12份、夜交藤15份、芜菁子10份、鹿蹄草4份、香橼4份、独花山牛蒡12份、商陆6份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:大叶五加皮3份、血风藤12份、夜交藤15份、芜菁子10份、鹿蹄草4份、香橼4份、独花山牛蒡12份、商陆6份;加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;滤渣加6倍量水,煎煮1小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩至120份,即得煎剂;上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:大叶五加皮3份、血风藤12份、夜交藤15份、芜菁子10份、鹿蹄草4份、香橼4份、独花山牛蒡12份、商陆6份;加10倍量水,煎煮2小时,过滤;滤渣加8倍量水,煎煮1.5小时,过滤;合并滤液,浓缩,干燥,包装,即得散剂;上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗乳腺增生病的药物,其特征在于,其制备方法为:称取:大叶五加皮3份、血风藤12份、夜交藤15份、芜菁子10份、鹿蹄草4份、香橼4份、独花山牛蒡12份、商陆6份;加6倍量水,煎煮3次,每次煎煮1小时,合并煎煮液,浓缩,干燥,装入胶囊壳,即得胶囊剂;上述份均是指重量份。
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