CN106068259A - 2‑氧代‑1,3‑二氧戊环‑4‑甲酸2‑羟乙酯,其制备及用途 - Google Patents
2‑氧代‑1,3‑二氧戊环‑4‑甲酸2‑羟乙酯,其制备及用途 Download PDFInfo
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- -1 oxo 1,3 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 10
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 5
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VXGZQQAJEXMNFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C1OCC(O1)C(=O)OCCO Chemical compound O=C1OCC(O1)C(=O)OCCO VXGZQQAJEXMNFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VGEWEGHHYWGXGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-hydroxycarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NO VGEWEGHHYWGXGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- INDZWIZFONXCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1COC(=O)O1 INDZWIZFONXCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- VSKFADHADUWCCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamoperoxoic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)OO VSKFADHADUWCCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- INDZWIZFONXCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1COC(=O)O1 INDZWIZFONXCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 101100273645 Gallus gallus CCNA2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- DRAJWRKLRBNJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxycarbamic acid Chemical class ONC(O)=O DRAJWRKLRBNJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- GKJYRYGNJQHVSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxamide Chemical class NC(=O)C1COC(=O)O1 GKJYRYGNJQHVSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VUKCPUAOPNOVKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC1OC(OC1)=O.OCC1OC(OC1)=O Chemical compound OCC1OC(OC1)=O.OCC1OC(OC1)=O VUKCPUAOPNOVKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFWYLVRFWZHRTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCCC1(OC(OC1)=O)C(=O)O Chemical compound OCCC1(OC(OC1)=O)C(=O)O NFWYLVRFWZHRTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- MJSNUBOCVAKFIJ-LNTINUHCSA-N chromium;(z)-4-oxoniumylidenepent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Cr].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O MJSNUBOCVAKFIJ-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WTYYGFLRBWMFRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[6-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)hexoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCCCCCOCC1CO1 WTYYGFLRBWMFRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- BBRSEFOSZWEMPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OCCOC(O)=O BBRSEFOSZWEMPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALRHLSYJTWAHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropionic acid Chemical group OCCC(O)=O ALRHLSYJTWAHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-piperidin-1-ylpropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CN1CCCCC1 MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008206 lipophilic material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
- C07D317/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D317/34—Oxygen atoms
- C07D317/36—Alkylene carbonates; Substituted alkylene carbonates
- C07D317/38—Ethylene carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G71/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a ureide or urethane link, otherwise, than from isocyanate radicals in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G71/04—Polyurethanes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提出了式(I)的2‑氧代‑1,3‑二氧戊环‑4‑甲酸2‑羟乙酯,其中R1和R2中的一个可为氢。特别的,R1和R2,如果不为氢,在每种情况下彼此独立地选自直链、支链或环状C1‑22‑烷基,优选C1‑12‑烷基,C6‑12‑芳基、C6‑18‑芳烷基和C6‑18‑烷芳基,其中R1和/或R2在每种情况下彼此独立地可包含至少一个选自羟基、醚基、酯基、环氧基和双键的另外的官能团,并且其中R2可以被最高达10个,优选1至5个,且尤其是1或2个另外的2‑氧代‑1,3‑二氧戊环‑4‑甲酸2‑羟乙酯基团取代。2‑氧代‑1,3‑二氧戊环‑4‑甲酸2‑羟乙酯可通过使2‑氧代‑1,3‑二氧戊环‑4‑甲酸与环氧化物反应来制备,并且可通过与胺(例如胺硬化剂)反应而用于制备羟基氨基甲酸酯。此外,它们还可作为端基用于封端胺。
Description
本发明涉及式(I)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯
其中R1和R2中的一个可为氢。特别地,R1和R2,如果不为氢,在每种情况下彼此独立地选自直链、支链或环状C1-22-烷基,优选C1-12-烷基,C6-12-芳基、C6-18-芳烷基和C6-18-烷芳基,其中R1和/或R2在每种情况下彼此独立地可包含至少一个选自羟基、醚基、酯基、环氧基和双键的另外的官能团,并且其中R2可被最高达10个,优选1至5个,尤其是1或2个另外的式(Ia)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯基团取代
其中R1具有上述含义。
此外,本发明涉及一种制备本发明的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯的方法,所述方法通过使式(Ib)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸
与式(Ic)的环氧化物反应,
其中R1和R2具有以上含义,从而形成式(I)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯。
最后,本发明涉及本发明的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯用于制备羟基氨基甲酸酯(hydroxyurethane)的用途以及作为端基用于封端胺的用途。
基于多异氰酸酯的聚氨酯属于现有技术。这些聚氨酯例如用作粘合剂、密封剂、铸造组合物,用作腐蚀保护以及用于涂层。以此方式获得的固化组合物对酸、碱和化学品的高抵抗性是有利的。然而,单体低分子量的(多)异氰酸酯化合物在毒理学上是不可接受的,特别是当它们易挥发或易迁移时。
聚氨酯体系还可由在毒理学上可接受的环状碳酸酯化合物获得。因此,例如甘油碳酸酯(4-(羟甲基)-2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环)常用于化妆品中。
WO 2011/57551 A1公开了式(II)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸及其酯:
其中R1代表选自直链或支链脂族基团、芳基、芳烷基和烷芳基的基团,且优选为甲基或乙基。此外,R1可为n价基团,其可被至多n-1个另外的式(IIa)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸酯基团取代,
上述酯可用胺硬化剂来固化以形成羟基氨基甲酸酯。然而,WO 2011/157551 A1既没有公开或暗示本发明的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯,也没有公开或暗示其制备和用途。
WO 2011/157551 A1的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸酯(IIa)可通过酯交换来获得,其中低分子量的式(II)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸酯用n价多元醇进行酯交换,例如:
该酯交换反应通常是繁琐的,需要强催化剂,并且有时导致低的产物收率。此外,需要昂贵的低分子量的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸酯,其需要经过复杂的合成(参见WO2011/157551 A1,实施例1-4)。
WO 2013/092011 A1公开了式(III)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺
其中R1和R2在每种情况下彼此独立地选自H,直链、支链或环状C1-22-烷基,C6-10-芳基,C6-12-芳烷基和C6-12-烷芳基,或者连同与它们键合的N原子一起形成5至8元环,并且R3选自H和直链、支链或环状C1-22-烷基,或R1和R3各自为H,并且R2是n价基团,其中n是大于1的整数,优选2-5,特别是2-3,其被n-1个另外的式(IV)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺基团取代,
这些2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺(其中R2是取代的)可特别通过2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸与多异腈酸酯的反应获得,例如:
并且还可以用胺硬化剂固化以形成羟基氨基甲酸酯,例如:
2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸(Ib)可容易地通过甘油碳酸酯(4-(羟甲基)-2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环)的氧化得到,所述甘油碳酸酯为工业产品(参见WO 2013/092011 A1,实施例6-8)。然而,由2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸和多异氰酸酯制备的基于甲酰胺的体系经常遇到高粘度的问题,因此可加工性差,并且由于存在的异氰酸酯而需要一些合成方面的努力和职业安全以及健康保障措施。
本发明的目的是基本上避免上述现有技术的至少一些缺点。一般来说,目的是提供基于2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环的体系,其在毒理学上是可接受的,容易获得的,与胺硬化剂的高反应性并适合作为优选低粘度的、可交联的环状碳酸酯官能的粘结剂。应同时避免昂贵的低分子量的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸酯用作原料以及与多异氰酸酯的作用。
这些目的通过独立权利要求的特征而实现。从属权利要求涉及优选的实施方案。
出人意料地发现,合适的可交联的环状碳酸酯官能的粘结剂可以在环氧化物和式(Ib)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸(所谓的“CYCA”)之间的开环反应中来制备。通过该方法,每种环氧化物(树脂)可被容易地转化成环状碳酸2-羟乙酯(树脂)。所得的粘结剂带有化学上稳定的羧酸2-羟乙酯基团,并且通常为低粘度的。此外,由于存在2-羟乙基基团,它们也是相当亲水的并因此与矿物基质相容,并且可以用胺固化而得到具有良好的化学和机械特性的羟基聚氨酯。
因此,本发明的第一主题是提供式(I)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯
其中R1和R2中的一个可为氢。
特别地,R1和R2,如果不为氢,在每种情况下彼此独立地选自直链、支链或环状C1-22-烷基,优选C1-12-烷基,C6-12-芳基、C6-18-芳烷基和C6-18-烷芳基,其中R1和/或R2在每种情况下彼此独立地可包含至少一个选自羟基、醚基、酯基、环氧基和双键的另外的官能团,并且其中R2可以被最高达10个,优选1至5个,且尤其是1或2个另外的式(Ia)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯基团取代
其中R1具有以上含义。
R1和/或R2的优选的含义为,例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、新戊基、正己基、2-乙基-正己基、环己基、苯基、苄基、聚醚基团(例如C2-5-(聚)氧亚烷基基团)、聚碳酸酯基团、聚酯基团、饱和和未饱和的脂肪酸酯基团、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯基团及其组合。
本发明的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯的优选的实施方案为2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯,其包含甘油酯部分:
本发明的第二主题是提供一种制备本发明的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯的方法,所述方法通过使式(Ib)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸
与式(Ic)的环氧化物反应,
其中R1和R2具有以上含义,从而得到式(I)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯。显而易见的是,在式(I)的终产物中R1和R2可以互换,因为可从任一侧攻击环氧化物环,但是出于清楚定义的原因,它将按照如式(I)所示的标记。
所述方法可在选自叔胺、有机金属化合物(例如铬化合物)及其混合物的催化剂的存在下适当地进行。
本发明的另一个主题是本发明的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯通过与胺(例如胺硬化剂)反应而制备羟基氨基甲酸酯的用途。
在本文中,原则上可存在两种不同的羟基氨基甲酸酯,即具有伯羟基或仲羟基的羟基氨基甲酸酯。关于这方面,已示出吸电子的COO基团主要使反应转向具有仲羟基的羟基氨基甲酸酯的方向,因为在亲核性氮原子攻击的情况下,靠近COO基团的氧原子上的负电荷得到更好地稳定。具有仲羟基的羟基氨基甲酸酯的另外的优点是,阻碍了逆反应。理论上,还可想到胺在酯基团上的攻击;然而,分析表明,在目前的情况下,胺基本上仅攻击2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环基团。
合适的胺是具有烷基、芳基、芳烷基和烷芳基的伯胺和仲胺。伯胺比仲胺反应更快;脂族胺比芳族胺反应更快。至于不同胺的相对反应性,比较C.Diakoumakos,D.Kotzev,Non-lsocyanate-Based Polyurethanes Derived upon the Reaction of Amines withCyclocarbonate Resins,Macromol.Symp.,216,37-46(2004),特别是第59页的方案4。其中指定的所有胺和本领域技术人员已知的标准胺硬化剂都适用于进行本发明。相对高分子量的胺,例如购自Huntsman Corp.的和购自BASF SE的聚醚胺也是合适的。
本发明的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯(I)的一个优点在于这些体系具有相对高的亲水性,这可归因于存在的OH基团。原则上,这些OH基团也可用于与多异氰酸酯的交联,尽管根据本发明可行的无异氰酸酯体系由于其低毒性而为优选的。
这些新的分子的亲水性可以例如以其HLB值(“HLB”为亲水/亲油平衡)来表示:
HLB=20*Mhy/M
其中,
Mhy=亲水部分的分子量
M=整个分子的分子量。
低于10的HLB值表示亲脂性物质,超过10的HLB值表示亲水性物质。更高的HLB值表示更高的亲水性。
当将例如WO 2011/157551 A1的实施例7或10的三取代反应产物:
与以下实施例2的三取代反应产物进行比较时,
前者分子的HLB值为16.5,而后者的HLB值为17.6(假设整个甘油酯部分是亲水性的)。
此外,当制备基于本发明的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯的多羟基氨基甲酸酯体系时,即使在水分的存在下,也不会出现因形成的CO2而导致气泡形成。因此,可在很大程度上得到无孔和无气泡涂层,其对于常规的聚氨酯体系有时是成问题的。此外,这种多羟基氨基甲酸酯体系的热稳定性也比常规的聚氨酯体系的稳定性高。
此外,式(I)的标题化合物可用于封端胺(所谓的“端帽”),
这构成了本发明的另一个主题。这对于常规的胺交联的聚氨酯体系同样是值得关注的,因为胺过量可导致变色,而异氰酸酯过量在毒理学上是不可接受的。
现参考下文的实施例更详细地说明本发明。
实施例
实施例1:CYCA与苯基缩水甘油醚的反应
环状碳酸酯官能的分子可由苯基缩水甘油醚与2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸(“CYCA”)在铬催化剂的存在下制备。
将2.85g苯基缩水甘油醚(0.019mol)、2.50g 2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸(0.019mol)、0.0025g三乙胺和0.017g乙酰丙酮铬(III)(Cr(acec)3)溶解在20ml无水THF中,并在80℃下搅拌16h。溶剂蒸发后,得到定量收率的浅紫色液体产物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):7.28(m,2H,Ar),7.96(m,1H,Ar),6.88(m,2H,Ar),5.07(m,1H,环状碳酸酯),4.64(m,1H,环状碳酸酯),4.43(m,1H,环状碳酸酯),4.24-3.33(m,6H,CH,CH2O和OH)ppm。
IR(v,cm-1):3485(bw),2927(w),2876(w),1791(s,环状碳酸酯),1747(s),1599(m),1493(m),1387(m),1293(w),1235(s),1154(m),1093(s),888(w),814(m),755(s),699(s),509(m)。
实施例2:CYCA与R 20的反应
环状碳酸酯官能的粘结剂可由R20(三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚,DOWCHEMICAL)与2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸在铬催化剂的存在下制备。
在干燥的氮气气氛下,将30.0gR 20(0.21mol环氧化物)、27.73g 2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸(0.21mol)、0.062g三乙胺和0.098g乙酰丙酮铬(III)(Cr(acec)3)溶解在100ml无水THF中,并在80℃下搅拌16h。溶剂蒸发后,得到定量收率的浅紫色油状产物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):5.10(m,3H,环状碳酸酯),4.68(m,3H,环状碳酸酯),4.45(m,3H,环状碳酸酯),4.28-3.31(m,24H,CH,CH2O和OH),1.36(m,2H,CH2-乙基),0.83(t,3H,CH3-乙基)ppm。
IR(v,cm-1):3467(bw),2924(m),2870(m),1814(s,环状碳酸酯),1746(s),1481(w),1386(m),1225(m),1151(s),1090(s),1060(s),945(m),851(w),767(m)。
实施例3:CYCA与R 18的反应
环状碳酸酯官能的粘结剂还可由R 18(1,6-己二醇二缩水甘油醚,DOW CHEMICAL)与2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸在铬催化剂的存在下,按照实施例1中所述的相同步骤来制备。得到定量收率的澄清油状产物。
IR(v,cm-1):3462(bw),2934(m),2864(m),1813(s,环状碳酸酯),1794(s),1745(s),1638(w),1538(w),1480(w),1461(w),1386(m),1224(m),1152(s),1090(s),1060(s),946(m),767(m),732(w),637(w)。
实施例4:CYCA与环氧大豆油(“ESO”)的反应
环状碳酸酯官能的粘结剂还可由环氧大豆油(购自Mythen的具有上文的理想化公式的ESO 260,Meq:242g/mol)与2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸在铬催化剂的存在下,按照实施例1中所述的相同步骤制备。得到定量收率的微混浊的紫色油状产物。
IR(v,cm-1):3505(bw),2925(m),2855(m),1819(s,环状碳酸酯),1738(s),1463(w),1382(w),1224(m),1152(s),1093(s),1061(s),767(m),727(w)。
实施例5:CYCA与双酚A环氧树脂的反应
环状碳酸酯官能的粘结剂还可由低分子量的双酚A环氧树脂(即“缩水甘油基封端的聚(双酚A-共聚-表氯醇)”;Mn:377g/mol,Sigma Alrich)与2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸在铬催化剂的存在下,按照实施例1中所述的相同步骤制备。得到定量收率的微混浊的紫色油状产物。
IR(v,cm-1):3495(bw),2964(m),2933(m),1816(s,环状碳酸酯),1746(s),1607(m),1508(s),1461(m),1384(w),1362(w),1295(m),1224(m),1229(s),1152(s),1093(s),1060(s),1033(s),943(w),829(s),766(m),736(m),558(m)。
实施例6:固化
所有由此得到的环状碳酸酯粘结剂可用市售可得的胺硬化剂(如IPDA或聚醚胺)固化以得到多羟基氨基甲酸酯。
Claims (8)
1.式(I)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯
其中R1和R2中一个可为氢。
2.权利要求1的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯,
其中R1和R2,如果不为氢,在每种情况下彼此独立地选自直链、支链或环状C1-22-烷基,优选C1-12-烷基,C6-12-芳基、C6-18-芳烷基和C6-18-烷芳基,
其中R1和/或R2在每种情况下彼此独立地可包含至少一个选自羟基、醚基、酯基、环氧基和双键的另外的官能团,
并且其中R2可以被最高达10个,优选1至5个,且尤其是1或2个另外的式(Ia)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯基团取代
其中R1具有给定的含义。
3.权利要求1或2的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯,其中R1和R2在每种情况下彼此独立地选自甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、新戊基、正己基、2-乙基-正己基、环己基、苯基、苄基、聚醚基团、聚碳酸酯基团、聚酯基团、脂肪酸酯基团、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯基团及其组合。
4.权利要求1至3中任一项的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯,其包含甘油酯部分:
5.一种制备如权利要求1至X中任一项所定义的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯的方法,其特征在于,式(Ib)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸
与式(Ic)的环氧化物反应,
其中R1和R2具有给定的含义,从而得到式(I)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯。
6.权利要求5的方法,其在选自叔胺、有机金属化合物及其混合物的催化剂的存在下进行。
7.权利要求1至4中任一项所定义的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯用于制备羟基氨基甲酸酯的用途。
8.权利要求1至4中任一项所定义的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酸2-羟乙酯作为端基用于封端胺的用途。
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CN115850229A (zh) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-28 | 浙江众立合成材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种采用Mitsunobu反应制备双五元环碳酸酯的方法 |
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WO2015132080A1 (en) | 2015-09-11 |
CN106068259B (zh) | 2019-06-14 |
EP3114116B1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
EP3114116A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
US10059685B2 (en) | 2018-08-28 |
EP2915808A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
US20170008871A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
ES2663630T3 (es) | 2018-04-16 |
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