CN106058955A - Lithium battery pack management system of smart balance car - Google Patents
Lithium battery pack management system of smart balance car Download PDFInfo
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- CN106058955A CN106058955A CN201610328246.0A CN201610328246A CN106058955A CN 106058955 A CN106058955 A CN 106058955A CN 201610328246 A CN201610328246 A CN 201610328246A CN 106058955 A CN106058955 A CN 106058955A
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 267
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 23
- 101100191136 Arabidopsis thaliana PCMP-A2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 101100422768 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) SUL2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 101100048260 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) UBX2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006266 hibernation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101000666730 Homo sapiens T-complex protein 1 subunit alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000837443 Homo sapiens T-complex protein 1 subunit beta Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100038410 T-complex protein 1 subunit alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100028679 T-complex protein 1 subunit beta Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H02J7/0026—
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium battery pack management system of a smart balance car. The system includes a first stage battery protection unit, a second stage battery protection unit, a third stage battery protection unit, a fourth stage battery protection unit, a charging unit, and a discharging unit which are successively connected. A lithium battery pack includes 20 lithium batteries which are in successive series connection. The charging unit and the discharging unit are in series connection, and are connected to a circuit where the lithium battery pack is at. The system manages and protects the lithium battery pack of the smart balance car through a multi-stage battery protection unit, reduces the chances of unbalanced charging and discharging or occurrence of abnormities caused by too many single lithium batteries in a lithium battery pack, and increases service life of the lithium battery pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium battery management technique field, particularly relate to a kind of intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system.
Background technology
Intelligent balance car is again body-sensing car, thinking car, act as regent car.Its operation principles is mainly built upon one and is referred to as
In the ultimate principle of " dynamic stability " (Dynamic Stabilization), the gyroscope of vehicle body and acceleration is utilized to pass
Sensor, detects the change of vehicle body attitude, and utilizes servo-control system, accurately drives motor to be adjusted correspondingly, with
The balance of holding system.It it is modern's product of being used as a kind of novel environmental protection of walking-replacing tool, amusement and recreation.
Lithium battery group is the requisite energy source driving intelligent balance car to travel.The flying power of lithium battery group is
Evaluating the important indicator of intelligent balance car performance, existing intelligent balance car needs to install very multisection lithium battery could meet energy
The demand consumed.Too much lithium battery is when charge or discharge, and voltage or electric current exist the biggest deviation, so to set of cells
Performance and life-span make a big impact；The operating current of intelligent balance car and the operating current of booting moment are the biggest, it is easy to right
Lithium battery causes damage.Therefore, intelligent balance car lithium battery group needs a kind of perfect protective measure badly.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system, it is intended to solve
The hidden danger that in the intelligent balance car that certainly background technology is mentioned, lithium battery group exists, can well protect the lithium electricity of intelligent balance car
Pond group, in turn ensure that the flying power of intelligent balance car.
To achieve these goals, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system, including the first order battery protection unit being sequentially connected with, second level electricity
Pond protected location, third level battery protection unit, fourth stage battery protection unit, charhing unit, discharge cell.Lithium battery group bag
The lithium battery being sequentially connected in series is saved containing 20.Charhing unit, discharge cell are serially connected, and are connected on lithium battery group place circuit
On.First order battery protection unit comprises protection chip U1, second level battery protection unit comprises protection chip U2, third level electricity
Pond protected location comprises protection chip U3, fourth stage battery protection unit comprises protection chip U4；Protection chip U1, U2,
U3, U4 model is identical, for protecting lithium battery；Each protection chip is respectively provided with five battery voltage sampling pins,
Each battery voltage sampling pin is respectively connected by the positive pole of a sampling resistor and a lithium battery；Each cell voltage is adopted
An indirect filter capacitor of sample pin, is filtered the signal collected.The additives for overcharge protection signal of protection chip U2 is defeated
Go out pin (Cout), over signal output pin (Dout) respectively through a divider resistance and the charging protecting chip U1
End controls pin (CTLC), discharge end controls pin (CCTLD) and is connected；The additives for overcharge protection signal output of protection chip U3 is drawn
Foot (Cout), over signal output pin (Dout) are respectively through the charging end control of a divider resistance with protection chip U2
Making foot (CTLC), discharge end control pin (CCTLD) and are connected；The additives for overcharge protection signal output pin of protection chip U4
(Cout), over signal output pin (Dout) controls respectively through the charging end of a divider resistance with protection chip U3
Pin (CTLC), discharge end control pin (CCTLD) and are connected.Additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) and charhing unit
Control end be connected；Over signal output pin (Dout) is connected with the control end of discharge cell.
Further, from the beginning of the negative pole end of lithium battery group, every one save lithium battery, uses one burn out detection resistance and
Current lithium battery is in parallel；When accumulator battery occurs broken string open circuit, burn out detection resistance is by the current potential at broken string
Pullup or pulldown, to unanimously, makes protection chip detection to the signal of this joint lithium battery for overcharging or excessively putting state, thus turns off
Charge and discharge switch, and play the effect of protection battery core.
Further, charge switch comprises N-channel MOS pipe Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9, resistance R60, R61, R62, R63, R64, electricity
Hold C44, C47.The grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q6 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R61, the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q7 and electricity
First end of resistance R62 is connected with each other, and the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q8 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R63, N-channel MOS pipe
The grid of Q9 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R64；Second end of resistance R61, R62, R63, R64 is mutually coupled, respectively, and
Connect charge switch the first node formed additives for overcharge protection signal output pin by resistance R60 with protection chip U1
(Cout) it is connected；It is institute that the source electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9 is connected with each other formed charge switch the second node
State the negative pole port (P-) of protection circuit；The drain electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9 is interconnected to form charge switch the 3rd
Node.Electric capacity C44 and electric capacity C47 is serially connected and is followed by between charge switch the second node and charge switch the 3rd node.
Further, discharge switch comprises N-channel MOS pipe Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, resistance R20, R52, R55, R56, R57, electricity
Hold C42, C43.The grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q2 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R52, the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q3 and electricity
First end of resistance R55 is connected with each other, and the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q4 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R56, N-channel MOS pipe
The grid of Q5 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R57；Second end of resistance R52, R55, R56, R57 is mutually coupled, respectively, and
Connect the first discharge switch node the formed over signal output pin by resistance R20 with protection chip U1
(Dout) it is connected；The source electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 is connected with each other formed discharge switch the second node through electricity
Resistance RN ground connection；The drain electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 is interconnected to form discharge switch the 3rd node, and discharge switch
Three nodes are connected with each other with charge switch the 3rd node.Electric capacity C42 and electric capacity C43 is serially connected and is followed by tying at discharge switch second
Between point and discharge switch the 3rd node.
Further, protection chip U1, U2, U3, U4 energization pins (VDD) with connect battery terminal negative pin (VSS0) it
Between respectively connect a stabilivolt；Each stabilivolt is respectively used to prevent from protecting chip U1, U2, U3, U4 running voltage excessive.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) this system realizes the management to intelligent balance car lithium battery group and protection by multistage battery protection unit, reduces
Lithium battery group is too much because of single lithium battery, and causes discharge and recharge uneven or the generation of abnormal conditions, improves making of lithium battery group
Use the life-span.
(2) at the voltage sample pin every string, a burn out detection resistance is added, when there is broken string in lithium battery, broken string inspection
Current potential pullup or pulldown at broken string is pulled to unanimously by measuring resistance, makes protection chip detection to the signal of this joint lithium battery for overcharging
Or cross the state of putting, thus turn off charge and discharge switch, play the effect of protection battery core.
(3) charge switch, discharge switch are respectively adopted multiple metal-oxide-semiconductor mode of being in parallel and are energized, raising charge switch,
The current load ability of discharge switch so that metal-oxide-semiconductor is difficult to heating, improves service life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the frame structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of first order battery protection unit in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of second level battery protection unit in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of third level battery protection unit in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of fourth stage battery protection unit in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
As it is shown in figure 1, be the frame structure schematic diagram of the present invention.A kind of intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system, bag
Include be sequentially connected with first order battery protection unit, second level battery protection unit, third level battery protection unit, the fourth stage electricity
Pond protected location, charhing unit, discharge cell.
Lithium battery group comprise be sequentially connected in series the first lithium battery, the second lithium battery, the 3rd lithium battery, the 4th lithium battery,
Five lithium batteries, the 6th lithium battery, the 7th lithium battery, the 8th lithium battery, the 9th lithium battery, the tenth lithium battery, the 11st lithium battery,
12nd lithium battery, the 13rd lithium battery, the 14th lithium battery, the 15th lithium battery, the 16th lithium battery, the 17th lithium electricity
Pond, the 18th lithium battery, the 19th battery, the 20th lithium battery.The minus earth of the first lithium battery, the 20th lithium battery is just
The positive pole port of the most described protection circuit.Charhing unit, discharge cell are serially connected, and are connected on lithium battery group place circuit
On, first order battery protection unit controls charhing unit, being opened or closed of discharge cell.
First order battery protection unit comprise protection chip U1, second level battery protection unit comprise protection chip U2, the
Three grades of battery protection unit comprise protects chip U3, fourth stage battery protection unit to comprise protection chip U4；Protection chip
U1, U2, U3, U4 model is identical, for protecting lithium battery；Each protection chip is respectively provided with five battery voltage samplings
Pin, each battery voltage sampling pin is respectively connected by the positive pole of a sampling resistor and a lithium battery；Each battery
An indirect filter capacitor of voltage sample pin, is filtered the signal collected.
Protection additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) of chip U2, over signal output pin (Dout)
Charging end respectively through a divider resistance with protection chip U1 controls pin (CTLC), discharge end control pin (CCTLD) phase
Connect；Protection additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) of chip U3, over signal output pin (Dout) point
The charging end through a divider resistance with protection chip U2 does not controls pin (CTLC), discharge end controls pin (CCTLD) and is connected
Connect；Protection additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) of chip U4, over signal output pin (Dout) are respectively
Control pin (CTLC) through the charging end of a divider resistance with protection chip U3, discharge end controls pin (CCTLD) and is connected.
Additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) is connected with the control end of charhing unit；Over signal is defeated
Go out pin (Dout) to be connected with the control end of discharge cell.
As in figure 2 it is shown, first order battery protection unit comprise battery protection chip U1, electric capacity C7, C8, C9, C10, C11,
C24, C26, C29, C31, C38, sampling resistor RU8, RU9, RU10, RU11, RU12.
The VC5 pin of protection chip U1 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU8 and the first lithium battery, protects chip U1
VC4 pin be connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU9 and the second lithium battery, protection chip U1 VC3 pin through over-sampling
The positive pole of resistance RU10 and the 3rd lithium battery is connected, and the VC2 pin of protection chip U1 is through sampling resistor RU11 and the 4th lithium
Battery is connected, and the VC1 pin of protection chip U1 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU12 and the 5th lithium battery.
Electric capacity C7 is connected in parallel between VC5 pin and the VSS0 pin of protection chip U1, and electric capacity C8 is connected in parallel on protection chip U1
VC4 pin and VC5 pin between, electric capacity C9 be connected in parallel on protection chip U1 VC3 pin and VC4 pin between, electric capacity C10 is also
Being associated between VC2 pin and the VC3 pin of protection chip U1, electric capacity C11 is connected in parallel on the VC1 pin of protection chip U1 and draws with VC2
Between foot.
The VSS0 pin of protection chip U1 and the negative pole of the first lithium battery are connected.
The negative electrode of stabilivolt D2 is connected with the VDD pin of protection chip U1, plus earth.Stabilivolt D2 is for protection
The VDD pin of chip U1 carries out pressure limiting, prevents the VDD pin pressurized protecting chip U1 excessive and damages.
Protection chip U1 VDD pin respectively through resistance R17, R23, electric capacity C31 with protection chip U1 SEL2,
SEL1, VHC pin is connected.SEL2, SEL1 pin of protection chip U1 is respectively through resistance R45, R49 and protection chip U1
VSS pin is connected；The power-off protection function of protection chip U1 self is masked.
Such as Fig. 3, second level battery protection unit comprises battery protection chip U2, electric capacity C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, adopts
Sample resistance RU2, RU13, RU14, RU15, RU19.
The VC5 pin of protection chip U2 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU2 and the 6th lithium battery, protects chip U2
VC4 pin be connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU13 and the 7th lithium battery, protection chip U2 VC3 pin through over-sampling
The positive pole of resistance RU14 and the 8th lithium battery is connected, and the VC2 pin of protection chip U2 is through sampling resistor RU15 and the 9th lithium
Battery is connected, and the VC1 pin of protection chip U2 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU19 and the tenth lithium battery.
Electric capacity C12 is connected in parallel between VC5 pin and the VSS0 pin of protection chip U2, and electric capacity C13 is connected in parallel on protection chip
Between VC4 pin and the VC5 pin of U2, electric capacity C14 is connected in parallel between VC3 pin and the VC4 pin of protection chip U2, electric capacity
C15 be connected in parallel on protection chip U2 VC2 pin and VC3 pin between, electric capacity C16 be connected in parallel on protection chip U2 VC1 pin with
Between VC2 pin.
The VSS0 pin of protection chip U2 and the negative pole of the 6th lithium battery are connected.
The negative electrode of stabilivolt D3 is connected with the VDD pin of protection chip U2, the VSS pin phase of anode and protection chip U2
Connect.Stabilivolt D3, for the VDD pin of protection chip U2 is carried out pressure limiting, prevents the VDD pin protecting chip U2 from being pressed through
Damage greatly.
Protection chip U2 VDD pin respectively through resistance R11, R18, electric capacity C32 with protection chip U2 SEL2,
SEL1, VHC pin is connected.SEL2, SEL1 pin of protection chip U2 is respectively through resistance R43, R38 and protection chip U2
VSS pin is connected；The power-off protection function of protection chip U2 self is masked.
As shown in Figure 4, third level battery protection unit comprise battery protection chip U3, electric capacity C18, C19, C20, C21,
C22, sampling resistor RU3, RU16, RU17, RU18, RU20.
The VC5 pin of protection chip U3 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU3 and the 11st lithium battery, protects chip
The VC4 pin of U3 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU16 and the 12nd lithium battery, and the VC3 pin of protection chip U3 passes through
The positive pole of sampling resistor RU17 and the 13rd lithium battery is connected, protection chip U3 VC2 pin through sampling resistor RU18 with
14th lithium battery is connected, and the VC1 pin of protection chip U3 is through sampling resistor RU20 and the positive pole phase of the 15th lithium battery
Connect.
Electric capacity C18 is connected in parallel between VC5 pin and the VSS0 pin of protection chip U3, and electric capacity C19 is connected in parallel on protection chip
Between VC4 pin and the VC5 pin of U3, electric capacity C20 is connected in parallel between VC3 pin and the VC4 pin of protection chip U3, electric capacity
C21 be connected in parallel on protection chip U3 VC2 pin and VC3 pin between, electric capacity C22 be connected in parallel on protection chip U3 VC1 pin with
Between VC2 pin.
The VSS0 pin of protection chip U3 and the negative pole of the 11st lithium battery are connected.
The negative electrode of stabilivolt D4 is connected with the VDD pin of protection chip U3, the VSS pin phase of anode and protection chip U3
Connect.Stabilivolt D4, for the VDD pin of protection chip U3 is carried out pressure limiting, prevents the VDD pin protecting chip U3 from being pressed through
Damage greatly.
Protection chip U3 VDD pin respectively through resistance R37, R39, electric capacity C33 with protection chip U3 SEL2,
SEL1, VHC pin is connected.SEL2, SEL1 pin of protection chip U3 is respectively through resistance R58, R59 and protection chip U3
VSS pin is connected；The power-off protection function of protection chip U3 self is masked.
Such as Fig. 5, fourth stage battery protection unit comprise battery protection chip U4, electric capacity C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, sampling electricity
Resistance RU1, RU4, RU5, RU6, RU7.
The VC5 pin of protection chip U4 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU1 and the 16th lithium battery, protects chip
The VC4 pin of U4 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU4 and the 17th lithium battery, and the VC3 pin of protection chip U4 passes through
The positive pole of sampling resistor RU5 and the 18th lithium battery is connected, and the VC2 pin of protection chip U4 is through sampling resistor RU6 and the
19 lithium batteries are connected, and the VC1 pin of protection chip U4 is connected through the positive pole of sampling resistor RU7 and the 20th lithium battery
Connect.
Electric capacity C1 is connected in parallel between VC5 pin and the VSS0 pin of protection chip U4, and electric capacity C2 is connected in parallel on protection chip U4
VC4 pin and VC5 pin between, electric capacity C3 be connected in parallel on protection chip U4 VC3 pin and VC4 pin between, electric capacity C4 is also
Being associated between VC2 pin and the VC3 pin of protection chip U4, electric capacity C5 is connected in parallel on VC1 pin and the VC2 pin of protection chip U4
Between.
The VSS0 pin of protection chip U4 and the negative pole of the 16th lithium battery are connected.
The negative electrode of stabilivolt D1 is connected with the VDD pin of protection chip U4, the VSS pin phase of anode and protection chip U4
Connect.Stabilivolt D1, for the VDD pin of protection chip U4 is carried out pressure limiting, prevents the VDD pin protecting chip U4 from being pressed through
Damage greatly.
Protection chip U4 VDD pin respectively through resistance R22, R31, electric capacity C30 with protection chip U4 SEL2,
SEL1, VHC pin is connected.SEL2, SEL1 pin of protection chip U4 is respectively through resistance R47, R50 and protection chip U4
VSS pin is connected；The power-off protection function of protection chip U4 self is masked.
The VSS pin of protection chip U4 is connected through the VDD pin of resistance R7 with protection chip U3；Protection chip U3's
VSS pin is connected through the VDD pin of resistance R6 with protection chip U2；Protection chip U2 VSS pin through resistance R8 with
The VDD pin of protection chip U1 is connected.The breaking protection functional shielding of 20 serial lithium batteries is fallen.
The protection Cout pin of chip U2, Dout pin are respectively through a divider resistance (R21, R16) and protection chip U1
CTLC pin, CTLD pin is connected；Protection the Cout pin of chip U3, Dout pin are respectively through a divider resistance
(R25, R24) is connected with the protection CTLC pin of chip U2, CTLD pin；Protection the Cout pin of chip U4, Dout pin
It is connected with the protection CTLC pin of chip U3, CTLD pin respectively through a divider resistance (R30, R29).
The present invention is to solve set of cells when being charged to single-unit 4.18-4.20V, under not up to overcharging protective condition,
But there is interference caused by the breaking protection function of IC, cause probabilistic problem occurring that charge and discharge switch is closed, close
Self power-off protection function of protection chip U1 ~ U4.Simultaneously so that the present invention does not lose battery protection function, the present invention exists
At the voltage sample pin of string, add a burn out detection resistance, i.e. every a lithium battery, just use a burn out detection electricity
Resistance is in parallel with lithium battery.Specifically, the second lithium battery, the 4th lithium battery, the 6th lithium battery, the 8th lithium battery, the tenth lithium electricity
Pond, the 12nd lithium battery, the 14th lithium battery, the 16th lithium battery, the 18th lithium battery, the 20th lithium battery the most in parallel
The burn out detection resistance (successively such as the resistance RA1 ~ RA10 in figure) that individual resistance is identical.When there is broken string in this circuit, broken string inspection
Current potential pullup or pulldown at broken string is pulled to unanimously by measuring resistance, makes protection chip detection to the signal of this joint lithium battery for overcharging
Or cross the state of putting, thus turn off charge and discharge switch, play the effect of protection battery core.
As in figure 2 it is shown, charge switch comprise N-channel MOS pipe Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9, resistance R60, R61, R62, R63, R64,
Electric capacity C44, C47.The grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q6 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R61, the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q7 with
First end of resistance R62 is connected with each other, and the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q8 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R63, N-channel MOS
The grid of pipe Q9 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R64；Second end of resistance R61, R62, R63, R64 is mutually coupled, respectively,
And charge switch the first node that connection is formed is connected by the Cout pin of resistance R60 with protection chip U1；N-channel
The source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9 is connected with each other the formed negative pole end that charge switch the second node is described protection circuit
Mouth (P-)；The drain electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9 is interconnected to form charge switch the 3rd node.Electric capacity C44 and electric capacity
C47 is serially connected and is followed by between charge switch the second node and charge switch the 3rd node.
As in figure 2 it is shown, discharge switch comprise N-channel MOS pipe Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, resistance R20, R52, R55, R56, R57,
Electric capacity C42, C43.The grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q2 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R52, the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q3 with
First end of resistance R55 is connected with each other, and the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q4 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R56, N-channel MOS
The grid of pipe Q5 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R57；Second end of resistance R52, R55, R56, R57 is mutually coupled, respectively,
And the first discharge switch node that connection is formed is connected by the Dout pin of resistance R20 with protection chip U1；N-channel
The source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 is connected with each other formed discharge switch the second node through resistance RN ground connection；N-channel MOS pipe
The drain electrode of Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 is interconnected to form discharge switch the 3rd node, and discharge switch the 3rd node and charge switch the
Three nodes are connected with each other.Electric capacity C42 and electric capacity C43 is serially connected and is followed by discharge switch the second node and discharge switch the 3rd knot
Between point.
Charge switch, discharge switch are respectively adopted multiple metal-oxide-semiconductor mode of being in parallel and are energized, and improve charge switch, put
The current load ability of electric switch so that metal-oxide-semiconductor is difficult to heating, improves service life.
The SENS pin of protection chip U1 is through resistance R34 and discharge switch the second Node connectedness, and protects chip U1's
SENS pin is respectively through resistance R12, electric capacity C35 ground connection.
The positive pole of the 5th lithium battery sequentially passes through diode D5, R8 and is connected with the VDD pin of protection chip U1, and protection
The VDD pin of chip U1 is through electric capacity C24 ground connection.The VSS0 pin of protection chip U1 is connected with the negative electrode of diode D6, and two
The anode of pole pipe D6 is through resistance R2 ground connection.The VSS pin of protection chip U1 is connected with the anode of diode D6.Variable resistance
R32 is connected between VR pin and the TEP pin of protection chip U1.The TEP pin of protection chip U1 sequentially passes through resistance R9, R13
It is connected with the VSS pin of protection chip U1；CT1, CT2 pin of protection chip U1 is respectively through electric capacity C26, C29 and protection
Chip U1 VSS pin be connected.The DRAIN pin of protection chip U1 is connected with the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q1；N-channel
The source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected with the VSS pin of protection chip U1；The drain electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q1 and discharge switch the 3rd node
It is connected.The VMP pin of protection chip U1 is connected with the negative pole port of described protection circuit through resistance R66.Protection chip
The Cout pin of U1 sequentially passes through resistance R60, R65 and is connected with the negative pole port of described protection circuit.
In the present invention, the model of protection chip U1 to U5 is R5436T502BA.R5436T502BA chip is that Ricoh is public
A IC product for Li-Ion rechargeable battery/lighium polymer overcharge, overdischarge and overcurrent protection of department's development & production.
In the present invention, economize on electricity by single R5436T502BA chip detection 5 and core, i.e. circuit need 4 R5436T502BA chips to examine
Survey 20 joint lithium batteries.The Balance route port of CB1～the CB5 pin of R5436T502BA chip single battery respectively；VC1～VC5
Pin is respectively the connectivity port of single battery, for the sampling of the voltage signal of battery.
The present invention uses R5436T502BA chip can realize the additives for overcharge protection to lithium battery (4250 ± 25mv), cross and put
Electric protection (2500 ± 80mv), breaking protection function, the protection of discharge over-current stream, discharge load short-circuit protection, discharge and recharge high temperature
Protection etc..
The pin of R5436T502BA chip is described as follows table:
| Pin number | Title | Function |
| 1 | CTLC | COUT pin control port |
| 2 | CTLD | DOUT pin control port |
| 3 | COUT | Additives for overcharge protection signal output port.P-channel open-drain output. |
| 4 | VMP | Charger nagative potential input port |
| 5 | DRAIN | Discharge over-current protection releases with FET raster data model port |
| 6 | DOUT | Over signal output port.CMOS exports |
| 7 | VHC | Overcharge hys_cancel signal delivery port |
| 8 | SENS | Current detecting port |
| 9 | VR | Internal VR voltage output end mouth |
| 10 | TEP | Temperature protection input port |
| 11 | VSS | The grounding ports of IC |
| 12 | CT1 | TVDET2 sets port (connecting electric capacity CCT1) |
| 13 | CT2 | TVDET3 sets port (connecting electric capacity CCT2) |
| 14 | SEL1 | The switching control port 1 of 3 joint/4 joint/5 batteries protections |
| 15 | SEL2 | The switching control port 2 of 3 joint/4 joint/5 batteries protections |
| 16 | VSS0 | The negative pole connectivity port of CELL5 |
| 17 | CB5 | The battery balanced control port of CELL5 |
| 18 | VC5 | The anode connection terminal mouth of CELL5 |
| 19 | CB4 | The battery balanced control port of CELL4 |
| 20 | VC4 | The anode connection terminal mouth of CELL4 |
| 21 | CB3 | The battery balanced control port of CELL3 |
| 22 | VC3 | The anode connection terminal mouth of CELL3 |
| 23 | CB2 | The battery balanced control port of CELL2 |
| 24 | VC2 | The anode connection terminal mouth of CELL2 |
| 25 | CB1 | The battery balanced control port of CELL1 |
| 26 | NC | No Connection(is unsettled) |
| 27 | VC1 | The anode connection terminal mouth of CELL1 |
| 28 | VDD | VDD port |
Circuit operation principle is as follows:
1, overcharge detection
Additives for overcharge protection action: set of cells charging time protection chip U1 ~ U5(below be referred to as IC) monitor respectively oneself VC1 pin and
Voltage (voltage of CELL1) between VC2 pin, the voltage (voltage of CELL2) between VC2 pin and VC3 pin, VC3 draw
Voltage (voltage of CELL3) between foot and VC4 pin, the voltage (voltage of CELL4) between VC4 pin and VC5 pin with
And the voltage (voltage of CELL5) between VC5 pin and VSS pin.When any one joint lithium battery voltage exceedes overcharge detection
During voltage threshold, IC just will be considered that and detects overcharge condition and implement protection: by making COUT pin export high-impedance state
(pull down resistor R20 external on COUT pin), thus charge closing N-channel MOS FET pipe, stop charging.
After additives for overcharge protection, if load connects, after the voltage of all of battery is below overcharge detection voltage threshold,
Additives for overcharge protection will release, it is possible to is charged.
After additives for overcharge protection, if load is not connected with, after the voltage of all batteries is below overcharge releasing voltage threshold,
Additives for overcharge protection will release, it is possible to is charged.Owing to overcharge detector has hysteresis, so overcharge releases voltage threshold
Value is always somewhat below overcharge detection voltage threshold.
Overcharge detection and releasing time delay: overcharge detection and releasing time delay are the built-in time delay of IC.In detection overcharge
During state, as long as there being any one batteries voltage to surpass higher than the persistent period of overcharge detection voltage threshold and this state
Crossing overcharge detection time delay, be considered as overcharge condition and there occurs, IC will implement additives for overcharge protection；Otherwise, even if all electricity
The voltage in pond is all higher than overcharge detection voltage threshold, but can continue this state without a batteries and exceed and overcharge
The duration of electro-detection time delay, then IC also will not implement additives for overcharge protection.In like manner, after additives for overcharge protection is implemented, though all electricity
The voltage in pond is below overcharge and releases voltage threshold, but if within overcharge releases time delay, has the electricity of a batteries
Pressure is returned to overcharge and releases on voltage threshold, then IC will not release additives for overcharge protection.
The output form of OUT pin: P-channel open drain exports, and high-level output voltage is VDD pin voltage.
2, overdischarge detection
Over action: during battery power discharge IC monitoring VC1 pin and VC2 pin between voltage (voltage of CELL1),
Voltage (voltage of CELL2) between VC2 pin and VC3 pin, the voltage (electricity of CELL3 between VC3 pin and VC4 pin
Pressure), voltage between voltage (voltage of CELL4) and VC5 pin and VSS pin between VC4 pin and VC5 pin
(voltage of CELL5).When any one batteries voltage is less than overdischarge detection voltage threshold, IC just will be considered that and detects
Over-discharge state also implements protection: close electric discharge N-channel MOS FET manage by making DOUT pin output low level, stop
Electric discharge.
The condition that level releasing type over releases: when the voltage of all batteries of IC monitoring is all higher than overdischarge solution
During except voltage threshold, high level is returned in DOUT pin saltus step, releases over.Overdischarge detector has hysteresis.
The condition that latch-type over releases: connect charger and when the voltage of all batteries of IC monitoring is all higher than
When overdischarge releases voltage threshold, high level is returned in DOUT pin saltus step, releases over.
The overdischarge detection time delay of each protection chip is that (CT1 such as protection chip U1 draws the external electric capacity with CT1 pin
Electric capacity C26 on foot) set.When detecting over-discharge state, as long as there being any one batteries voltage to detect less than overdischarge
The persistent period of voltage threshold and this state exceedes overdischarge detection time delay, is considered as over-discharge state and there occurs；Otherwise,
Even if the voltage of all batteries is below overdischarge detection voltage threshold, but can be the most this without a batteries
State exceedes the duration of overdischarge detection time delay, then IC also will not implement over.Overdischarge detection time delay is by each guarantor
Protecting the external capacitance settings on chip CT1 pin, it is the built-in time delay of IC that overdischarge releases time delay.
Over implement after and VMP port voltage be " high ", IC can enter park mode.In the hibernation mode, IC
The consumption electric current of self is reduced by suspending unwanted internal circuit.
The output form of DOUT pin: CMOS exports.High-level output voltage 12V (is carried by the voltage regulator within IC
For)；Low-level output voltage is VSS pin voltage.
3, discharge over-current detection, short-circuit detecting: IC carry out monitoring circuit impulse electricity electricity by the voltage of detection SENS pin
Stream.The built-in three grades of over-current detectors of IC.(can charge when set of cells is in normal operating conditions and also can discharge), to set of cells
Connect load.When abnormal conditions such as load are short-circuited: if SENS pin voltage higher than discharge over-current detection voltage and
Less than short-circuit detecting voltage, IC starts the first order or the protection of second level discharge over-current；If SENS pin voltage is higher than short circuit
Detection voltage, IC starts short-circuit protection.This three-level protective action is: DOUT pin voltage becomes low level, closes outside putting
Electricity N-channel MOS FET pipe, cuts off heavy-current discharge loop.Discharge over-current detector has hierarchical detection voltage threshold, the most right
Answer different detection time delays.The detection that the detection time delay of second level discharge over-current protection is protected than first order discharge over-current
Time delay is short.
Discharge over-current detection and releasing time delay: discharge over-current detection time delay is the CT2 pin with protection chip U1
External electric capacity C29 sets.If SENS pin voltage is higher than discharge over-current detection voltage and less than short-circuit detecting voltage, but
It is the persistent period duration less than discharge over-current detection time delay of this state, say, that prolong in discharge over-current detection
Time interior, SENS pin voltage be less than again discharge over-current detection voltage, then IC thinks that discharge overcurrent state does not occur, no
Star t-up discharge overcurrent protection.Different from discharge over-current detection time delay, it is the built-in time delay of IC that discharge over-current releases time delay.
The condition that discharge over-current protection releases: it is external that discharge over-current locks/release path, a FET open
Pass pipe is crossed stream releasing resistance with one and is constituted.FET switch pipe is driven by the DRAIN pin of IC, and resistance is then connected to this FET
Between drain electrode and the public drain electrode of charge/discharge switching tube of switching tube.After discharge over-current protection or short-circuit protection are implemented,
DRAIN pin drives this FET pipe to turn on, and discharge over-current locks/releases path and opens, and is equivalent to flow releasing resistance
One end is connected to VSS current potential.Protection releasing action: after discharge over-current protection, load can be drawn high VMP port level.Negative
After load removes, VMP pin level can be pulled down by the resistance that discharge over-current locks/releases in path, when VMP pin electricity
Force down and release voltage threshold in VREL3(discharge over-current) after one section of time delay, discharge over-current/short-circuit protection can be solved automatically
Remove.After de-preservation, the switching tube that DRAIN pin can make discharge over-current lock/release in path is closed, thus cuts off electric discharge
Overcurrent locks/releases path.
4, charge over-current detection:
Charging overcurrent protection action: IC carrys out monitoring circuit charging current by the voltage of detection SENS pin.When set of cells is in
(can charge and also can discharge) during normal operating conditions, connect charger to set of cells.When charger generation causes excessive extremely
During charging current, if SENS pin voltage is less than charge over-current detection voltage threshold, IC just will be considered that and there occurs and charged
Current status also implements corresponding protection act: by making COUT pin output high-impedance state (external pull down resistor on COUT pin),
Thus charge closing N-channel MOS FET pipe, cut off large current charge loop.
Charge over-current detection time delay: charge over-current detection time delay is the built-in time delay of IC.If SENS pin voltage is low
Detect voltage in charge over-current, but the persistent period of this state is less than the duration of charge over-current detection time delay, also
That is in charge over-current detection time delay, SENS pin voltage has been higher than again charge over-current detection voltage, then IC thinks
Charge overcurrent state does not occur, and does not start charge over-current protection.Charge over-current releasing time delay is also that IC is built-in prolongs
Time.
The condition that charge over-current protection releases: remove charger, connection loads, when VMP pin voltage is higher than threshold value
VREL4(charge over-current releases voltage) one section release time delay after, charge over-current protection can be released from.
5, park mode: after overdischarge detection and VMP pin voltage is more than VSTB (park mode cut-in voltage), IC meeting
Enter park mode.In the hibernation mode, IC reduces the consumption electric current of self by suspending unwanted internal circuit.Dormancy
Under pattern, the output of VR pin can become VSS.
The condition subsequent of park mode: connecting charger, it is drop-down that VMP pin voltage can be electrically charged device negative terminal, park mode
Can release.
6, when cell voltage is the most unbalanced, the state description of COUT, DOUT outfan of IC: at any 1 batteries
In overcharge condition, when remaining any 1 batteries is in over-discharge state, COUT will export high resistant, DOUT by low for output electricity
Flat.
7, SEL1, SEL2 pin operation instruction of IC.SEL1, SEL2 are the switching controls of 3 joint/4 joint/5 batteries protections
Port.
When SEL1, SEL2 pin of IC is low level, the 5 batteries power-off protection functions of IC will be shielded.This
Bright in order to solve set of cells when being charged to single-unit 4.18-4.20V, under not up to overcharging protective condition, but broken by IC
Line defencive function has interference caused, causes probabilistic problem occurring that charge and discharge switch is closed；The present invention breaking IC self
Electric protection functional shielding falls.
8, CTLC, CTLD pin state description of IC:
The cascade of IC: (protection schemes of 20 joint series batteries), COUT and DOUT of the IC of high side as shown in reference scheme figure
CTLC and CTLD with the IC of downside is connected respectively.By this cascade connected mode, the overcharge of 5 batteries of high side/
Overdischarge/burn out detection state can be transmitted to the IC of downside.Not using cascade function when, please by CTLC/CTLD
Pin is connected to VSS current potential.
When CTLC/CTLD pin voltage value more than " HI " and threshold voltage 1 or less than " HI " and during threshold voltage 2, IC's
COUT/DOUT pin is in normal operating conditions, for high level output.
When CTLC pin voltage value is at " HI " threshold voltage 1～" " time in the range of threshold voltage 2, COUT pin is forced HI
Output high-impedance state.But, in the case of short-circuit protection is implemented, COUT cannot be forced to export high-impedance state.
When CTLD pin voltage value is at " HI " threshold voltage 1～" " time in the range of threshold voltage 2, DOUT pin is forced HI
Output low level.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the invention is not restricted to above example.It is appreciated that this
Skilled person the most directly derive or associate other improve and change
Within being all considered as being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system, it is characterised in that:
Including the first order battery protection unit being sequentially connected with, second level battery protection unit, third level battery protection unit,
Level Four battery protection unit, charhing unit, discharge cell；
Described lithium battery group comprises the lithium battery that 20 joints are sequentially connected in series；Charhing unit, discharge cell are serially connected, and are connected on
Lithium battery group institute is on the line；
Described first order battery protection unit comprises protection chip U1, described second level battery protection unit comprises protection chip
U2, described third level battery protection unit comprise protection chip U3, described fourth stage battery protection unit comprises protection core
Sheet U4；Protection chip U1, U2, U3, U4 model is identical, for protecting lithium battery；Each protection chip is respectively provided with five
Individual battery voltage sampling pin, each battery voltage sampling pin is respectively by a sampling resistor and the positive pole phase of a lithium battery
Connect；An indirect filter capacitor of each battery voltage sampling pin, is filtered the signal collected；
Protection additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) of chip U2, over signal output pin (Dout) are respectively
Control pin (CTLC) through the charging end of a divider resistance with protection chip U1, discharge end controls pin (CCTLD) and is connected；
Protection additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) of chip U3, over signal output pin (Dout) respectively through
One divider resistance controls pin (CTLC) with the charging end of protection chip U2, discharge end controls pin (CCTLD) and is connected；Protection
Additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) of chip U4, over signal output pin (Dout) are respectively through one point
Piezoresistance controls pin (CTLC) with the charging end of protection chip U3, discharge end controls pin (CCTLD) and is connected；
Additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) is connected with the control end of charhing unit；The output of over signal is drawn
Foot (Dout) is connected with the control end of discharge cell.
Intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
From the beginning of the negative pole end of lithium battery group, save lithium battery every one, use a burn out detection resistance and current lithium battery
It is in parallel；When accumulator battery occurs broken string open circuit, burn out detection resistance is by the current potential pullup or pulldown at broken string extremely
Unanimously, make protection chip detection to the signal of this joint lithium battery for overcharging or cross state of putting, thus turn off charge and discharge switch,
Play the effect of protection battery core.
Intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Charge switch comprises N-channel MOS pipe Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9, resistance R60, R61, R62, R63, R64, electric capacity C44, C47；
The grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q6 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R61, and the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q7 is with resistance R62's
First end is connected with each other, and the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q8 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R63, the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q9
It is connected with each other with first end of resistance R64；Second end of resistance R61, R62, R63, R64 is mutually coupled, respectively, and connects institute's shape
Charge switch the first node become is connected by additives for overcharge protection signal output pin (Cout) of resistance R60 with protection chip U1
Connect；It is described protection circuit that the source electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9 is connected with each other formed charge switch the second node
Negative pole port (P-)；The drain electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q6, Q7, Q8, Q9 is interconnected to form charge switch the 3rd node；Electric capacity
C44 and electric capacity C47 is serially connected and is followed by between charge switch the second node and charge switch the 3rd node.
Intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Discharge switch comprises N-channel MOS pipe Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, resistance R20, R52, R55, R56, R57, electric capacity C42, C43；
The grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q2 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R52, and the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q3 is with resistance R55's
First end is connected with each other, and the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q4 is connected with each other with first end of resistance R56, the grid of N-channel MOS pipe Q5
It is connected with each other with first end of resistance R57；Second end of resistance R52, R55, R56, R57 is mutually coupled, respectively, and connects institute's shape
The the first discharge switch node become is connected by over signal output pin (Dout) of resistance R20 with protection chip U1
Connect；The source electrode of N-channel MOS pipe Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 is connected with each other formed discharge switch the second node through resistance RN ground connection；N
The drain electrode of channel MOS tube Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 is interconnected to form discharge switch the 3rd node, and discharge switch the 3rd node with fill
Electric switch the 3rd node is connected with each other；Electric capacity C42 and electric capacity C43 is serially connected and is followed by opening with electric discharge at discharge switch the second node
Close between the 3rd node.
Intelligent balance car lithium battery pack management system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The energization pins (VDD) and connecing of protection chip U1, U2, U3, U4 respectively connect between battery terminal negative pin (VSS0) one steady
Pressure pipe；Each stabilivolt is respectively used to prevent from protecting chip U1, U2, U3, U4 running voltage excessive.
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| CN201610328246.0A CN106058955A (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2016-05-18 | Lithium battery pack management system of smart balance car |
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| CN201610328246.0A CN106058955A (en) | 2016-05-18 | 2016-05-18 | Lithium battery pack management system of smart balance car |
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| CN107104483A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 上海德朗能新能源有限公司 | A kind of charge-discharge circuit for LEV lithium battery group |
| CN107221977A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-29 | 汕头市毅和电源科技有限公司 | A kind of application process of iron lithium phosphate battery and its protection circuit plate |
| CN114325199A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-12 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Supercapacitor internal resistance detection method and device and storage medium |
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| CN103178564A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-26 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Protection device used for multiple batteries |
| CN104600675A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-06 | 深圳天邦达科技有限公司 | Lithium battery protection circuit |
| US20150263559A1 (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-17 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Battery pack and controlling method thereof |
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| CN103178564A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-26 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Protection device used for multiple batteries |
| US20150263559A1 (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-17 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Battery pack and controlling method thereof |
| CN104600675A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-06 | 深圳天邦达科技有限公司 | Lithium battery protection circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107104483A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 上海德朗能新能源有限公司 | A kind of charge-discharge circuit for LEV lithium battery group |
| CN107221977A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-29 | 汕头市毅和电源科技有限公司 | A kind of application process of iron lithium phosphate battery and its protection circuit plate |
| CN114325199A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-12 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所 | Supercapacitor internal resistance detection method and device and storage medium |
| CN114325199B (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-11-14 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所 | Method and device for detecting internal resistance of super capacitor and storage medium |
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