CN106058864A - Method for controlling participation in power grid frequency modulation by use of power-grid-friendly type equipment - Google Patents
Method for controlling participation in power grid frequency modulation by use of power-grid-friendly type equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106058864A CN106058864A CN201610539745.4A CN201610539745A CN106058864A CN 106058864 A CN106058864 A CN 106058864A CN 201610539745 A CN201610539745 A CN 201610539745A CN 106058864 A CN106058864 A CN 106058864A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling participation in power grid frequency modulation by use of power-grid-friendly type equipment. By taking the power-grid-friendly type equipment as a power grid frequency modulation resource, based on an acquired local frequency, according to a preset threshold interval, active power response of the power-grid-friendly type equipment participating in power grid frequency modulation is asynchronously controlled in a segmented mode, when a power grid frequency is quite low, active power consumption of the power-grid-friendly type equipment is reduced, accordingly, an active power vacancy in a power grid is reduced, and the method can help the power grid to recover frequency stability as soon as possible; and furthermore, in a response process, according to actual switching-off time and a minimal switching-on time constraint of the power-grid-friendly type equipment, an equipment cluster with a quite rapid response speed is enabled to respond preferentially. According to the method for controlling the participation in the power grid frequency modulation by use of the power-grid-friendly type equipment, a step response strategy is employed according to an actual frequency deviation amount and the active vacancy, such that the problem of over response or insufficient response is effectively alleviated, and optimization of the power grid frequency modulation is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power system control and optimize field, be specifically related to a kind of electrical network friendly using power grid user
Equipment participates in the control method of power system frequency modulation.
Background technology
Power industry carries the main energy sources demand of country, is the basic row being related to national stability and economic development
Industry.Power system has the strongest particularity, and the extensively interconnection of electrical network makes each regional power grid influence each other, the electricity in a region
Net collapse is it is possible to cause chain reaction, therefore, ensures that the stable operation of power system is particularly important.
Frequency stable is the core content of power network safety operation, is also the important research neck of electricity net safety stable technology
Territory, traditional power system frequency modulation is mainly undertaken by frequency regulation power plant.In recent years, along with the development of intelligent grid, electric power
User side resource progresses into the visual field of people, constantly has experts and scholars to recognize, carries out compared to the resource calling power plant
Frequency modulation, user side has bigger Exploitative potential, can user side resource be used, and for power grid frequency modulation.
It is often electrical network friendly equipment that user side is applicable to the equipment of power grid frequency modulation, when power system frequency fluctuates
Time, such as: the unexpected output drop of electromotor, or it is that the minimizing of wind-driven generator unexpected wind speed causes output drop can cause electrical network
Frequency is fallen, and causes active power uneven, and now this kind equipment can make corresponding response, cut-out or all bear
Carry, reduce meritorious vacancy for electrical network, play the effect of frequency modulation；When falling amplitude minimizing of electrical network, this kind equipment can be beaten again
Open partly or entirely load.
In prior art, electrical network friendly equipment participates in the control method change according only to mains frequency of power system frequency modulation
Change directly controls electrical network friendly equipment and responds, and not in view of the response permission time of equipment, once forces
This kind equipment makes irrational response, electrical equipment itself and equipment purposes can be caused the biggest impact.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: easily equipment purposes is caused shadow to solve electrical network friendly equipment control strategy in prior art
The problem rung, the present invention proposes a kind of electrical network friendly equipment and participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, in the present invention, electrical network friendly equipment participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation,
Comprise the following steps:
(1) the electrical network friendly equipment that may participate in power grid frequency modulation is determined in electrical network；
(2) response characteristic of electrical network friendly equipment in obtaining step (1), response characteristic includes: response speed, change fortune
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that row state must experience；
(3) according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic determine the frequency variation of electrical network and active power vacancy it
Between relation；
(4) for a certain electrical network friendly equipment, be there is frequency with area power grid history in the peak response capacity of this equipment
The maximum magnitude of rate is corresponding, determines the quantitative relation between frequency magnitude and response capacity, divides electricity with frequency magnitude
The response of net friendly equipment is interval, responds capacity accordingly in the interval correspondence of each response；
(5) electrical network friendly equipment all needs when every secondary response action to detect timer, when the frequency magnitude of electrical network increases
Greatly, and now the time opening timer record of this equipment then closed according to described response interval more than its minimum opening time
Close response；When frequency magnitude reduces, and the time turning off timer record of now this equipment is more than the minimum pass of this equipment
Break time then does unlatching response according to described response interval.
Further, participate in the stability of mains frequency regulation and control in order to improve the electrical network friendly equipment of power grid frequency modulation, reach
To more preferable smooth effect, present invention also offers another kind of electrical network friendly equipment and participate in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, make
For the improvement of said method, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the electrical network friendly equipment that may participate in power grid frequency modulation is determined in electrical network；
(2) response characteristic of electrical network friendly equipment in obtaining step (1), response characteristic includes: response speed, change fortune
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that row state must experience；According to preset range by this
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time that a little equipment must experience according to change running status carry out packet transaction and are formed not
Same device clusters；
(3) according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic determine the frequency variation of electrical network and active power vacancy it
Between relation；
(4) it is that each device clusters arranges different response districts according to the maximum magnitude of area power grid history occurrence frequency
Between, the interval correspondence of each response responds capacity accordingly, forms ladder response modes；
(5) in response process, each device clusters needs when every secondary response action to detect timer, when the frequency of electrical network
Rate magnitude increases, and the time opening timer record of now this device clusters is minimum when opening more than in this device clusters
Between maximum then this device clusters according to described response interval do closedown response；When frequency magnitude reduces, and now this sets
The time turning off timer record of standby cluster is more than this device clusters root of maximum of minimum turn-off time in this device clusters
Unlatching response is done according to described response interval.
Specifically, in above-mentioned steps (4) when arranging the response interval of each device clusters, according to presetting when being grouped of bunching
Scope, falls value for the frequency of minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time less its correspondence of device clusters relatively low, for
It is higher that the frequency of its correspondence of device clusters that little opening time, minimum turn-off time are longer falls value.
Beneficial effect: the electrical network friendly equipment of the present invention participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, by power grid user side
The frequency modulation potentiality that electrical network friendly equipment is possessed are excavated and are utilized, and have higher practicalness；Primarily responsive to process not
Need the participation of communication equipment, eliminate the instant messaging required for extensive centralized Control electrical network friendly equipment, save
A large amount of construction costs, have higher economy；The response degree of depth of equipment, the asynchronous control of segmentation is controlled by the threshold interval set
Electrical network friendly equipment processed participates in the active power response of power grid frequency modulation.Further, the participation controlling party improved in the present invention
Method, by equipment is carried out cluster process, takes the control model of the asynchronous segmentation of ladder in response process, can be for difference
Frequency fall situation and make the response of different depth, be conducive to avoiding because single the caused response capacity mistake of response policy
The accuracy of big or too small situation, beneficially frequency modulation and effectiveness, improve the frequency modulation efficiency of power system, adjusts for electrical network
Frequency optimization has preferable gain effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that the electrical network friendly equipment in the present invention participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation；
Fig. 2 is electrical network friendly device clusters control cage composition of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is not carry out clustered control electrical network friendly equipment to participate in the simulation result figure of power grid frequency modulation, and Fig. 3 (a) is electricity
Net friendly equipment participates in frequency variation curve during power grid frequency modulation, when Fig. 3 (b) is electrical network friendly equipment participation power grid frequency modulation
Generated power exert oneself change curve, Fig. 3 (c) is electrical network friendly equipment electrical network friendly equipment when participating in power grid frequency modulation
Cluster cuts down active power curves；
Fig. 4 is the simulation result figure that clustered control electrical network friendly equipment participates in power grid frequency modulation, and Fig. 4 (a) is 3 electrical network friends
Good type device clusters participates in frequency variation curve during power grid frequency modulation, and Fig. 4 (b) is that 3 electrical network friendly device clusters participate in electricity
Generated power during net frequency modulation is exerted oneself change curve, and Fig. 4 (c) is that 3 electrical network friendly device clusters are when participating in power grid frequency modulation
Electrical network friendly device clusters cut down active power curves.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
As it is shown in figure 1, electrical network friendly equipment participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation in the present invention, comprise the following steps:
(1) the electrical network friendly equipment that may participate in power grid frequency modulation, the bar that electrical network friendly equipment may participate in are determined in electrical network
Part includes: a) have participation authority, such as, obtain the permission of owning user, b) be mounted with control equipment, it is possible to electrical network detected
The change of medium frequency, c) response speed is very fast, selects second level response speed, the response in the present invention to refer to that electrical network is friendly in the present invention
Type equipment carries out closing to reduce the consumption of active power in whole electrical network according to the change of mains frequency, or is on increasing
Add the consumption of active power in whole electrical network；
(2) obtaining the response characteristic of above-mentioned electrical network friendly equipment, response characteristic includes: response speed, change run shape
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that state must experience, minimum opening time, minimum turn-off
On the one hand time is in order to ensure the normal work of equipment, it is to avoid frequently cut-off the device damage caused, the opposing party in the short time
Face can reflect that equipment adjusts the speed of response, and peak response capacity refers to electrical network friendly equipment and can be used for the meritorious of response
The maximum of power consumption；Generally, the response characteristic of electrical network friendly equipment can be shown according to equipment self nameplate mark
Device type and the response parameter of controller or experiment determine；
(3) according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic determine the frequency variation of electrical network and active power vacancy it
Between relation, generally utilize generator rotation inertia and the resistance of load that actual electric network parameter draws in mains frequency response process
Buddhist nun transmits function Kps/ (1+Tps*S), and wherein, Tps is power system time constant, and Kps is the power gain of power system, S
It is Laplace operator, the Laplace relation between frequency variation and the active power vacancy of this function representation electrical network；
(4) for a certain electrical network friendly equipment, be there is frequency with area power grid history in the peak response capacity of this equipment
The maximum magnitude of rate is corresponding, and the biggest according to the magnitude of proportional relationship, i.e. frequency, then the response of equipment is the most, determines frequency
Quantitative relation between rate magnitude and electrical network friendly equipment response capacity, divides electrical network friendly equipment with frequency magnitude
Response interval, respond capacity accordingly in the interval correspondence of each response；
(5) electrical network friendly equipment is when participating in response, on the one hand determines that response is held according to the frequency magnitude of electrical network
Amount, on the other hand, there is also time-constrain, i.e. can not close or open equipment immediately with the wattful power to electrical network in response process
Rate adjusts and contributes.
Electrical network friendly equipment all needs when every secondary response action to detect timer, when the frequency magnitude of electrical network increases,
When needing equipment to carry out doing closedown response, if now the time opening timer record of this equipment is more than its minimum opening time
Then this equipment does closedown response, equally, when frequency magnitude reduces, can open equipment, if the shutoff timing of now this equipment
The time of device record does unlatching response more than minimum turn-off time then this equipment of this equipment.
Further, for smooth response effect, response cluster can be segmented further, use the mode of many clusters to set
Put electrical network friendly equipment and participate in power grid frequency modulation.Before electrical network friendly equipment participates in response, all electrical network friendly are set
Standby carry out assemblage classification, such as according to its speed adjusting response: according to default scope according to required for change state
Electrical network friendly equipment is carried out packet transaction and is divided into different clusters by big opening time, maximum shut-in time, correspondingly,
It is that different device clusters distributes different response intervals according to the frequency magnitude in electrical network, in response process, preferentially adjusts
With adjusting response speed cluster faster, for adjusting the frequency of its correspondence of device clusters of fast response time, to fall value relatively low,
For adjusting the frequency of slow its correspondence of device clusters of response speed, to fall value higher, it may be assumed that adjusts loud when frequency magnitude is less
Answer preferentially the responding of cluster of speed, and recall when frequency is fallen bigger and adjust the collection that response speed is relatively slow
Group participates in response, forms ladder response.
Meanwhile, each device clusters also needs when every secondary response action to detect timer, when the frequency magnitude of electrical network increases
Greatly, and now the time opening timer record of this device clusters is more than all devices minimum opening time in this device clusters
Maximum then this device clusters according to described response interval do closedown response；When frequency magnitude reduces, and now this equipment
The time turning off timer record of cluster is more than this equipment of maximum of all devices minimum turn-off time in this device clusters
Cluster does unlatching response according to described response interval.
As in figure 2 it is shown, electrical network friendly device clusters control system includes control centre, clustered control unit and
Through each equipment group that cluster processes.According to historical responses situation, can be by clustered control center analysis electrical network friendly equipment
Response capacity and frequency fluctuation, and the frequency magnitude of response policy and the response capacity of electrical network friendly equipment are made necessarily
Fine setting be handed down to each clustered control unit, by the unified parameter revising each equipment group middle controller of clustered control unit.When going out
Then bound interval for response is lowered when now crossing response, when there is owing response, bound interval for response is raised, the loudest
The impact that active power is consumed after responding by the equipment that should refer to is beyond the requirement of network re-active power vacancy, or is to set
The time of standby response has exceeded the response time of electrical network needs；Deficient response refers to what active power was consumed after responding by equipment
Affect the requirement of not met network re-active power vacancy, or when being the time that equipment responds to be not up to the response that electrical network needs
Between.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, it is the microgrid of 1MW for a rated capacity, in this electrical network, may participate in the institute of power system frequency modulation
There is total capacity Q of electrical network friendly equipmentgf=0.15MW, the peak response capacity summation of the most each equipment is 0.15MW.Assume system
There is suddenly 0.2MW active power vacancy (Δ P in the 1s moment in systemd=0.2MW), and the uncertainty of the meritorious reduction of consideration,
The delay variation of control signal.
The minimum opening time Δ t of these equipment is got by experiment or equipment and controller parameteronClose with minimum
Time Δ toffIt is respectively Δ ton1=Δ toff1=1s, meritorious reduction Uncertainty Δ PU%For ± 10%, this value illustrates reality
Deviation between response and anticipated response.Frequency in the range of 0.1～0.3, is then fallen by this area's electrical network historical frequency magnitude
The peak response capacity 0.15 of the corresponding electrical network friendly equipment of the maximum 0.3 of the amount that falls, marks off 5 according to the magnitude of 0.05
Response interval, representing equipment to respond active power with " meritorious abatement ratio " affects the ratio accounting for peak response capacity
Example, the meritorious attenuation ratio difference 10% that each response is interval, then notch cuttype frequency response district is set according to the method for embodiment 1
Between as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1 frequency threshold and meritorious reduction respond interval table
When the frequency of occurrences is fallen, the frequency in the control equipment sampling electrical network being positioned on electrical network friendly equipment, and base
Respond in default notch cuttype response interval.Result after response as it is shown on figure 3, in Fig. 3 (a) visible response process experience repeatedly
Responsive state is changed, and twice over control occurs, and frequency jitter process is the most violent；Generated power in Fig. 3 (b) is exerted oneself
There is also certain dither process；Fig. 3 (c) can be seen that, electrical network friendly equipment falls situation response capacity list according to frequency
One.For a certain degree of overshoot problem occurs, frequency response threshold value can be finely adjusted, suitably response interval moved down or subtract
Response capacity ratio less.
Embodiment 3:
In the present embodiment, mains frequency magnitude is in the range of 0.05-0.4, by experiment or equipment and controller parameter
Get minimum opening time Δ tonWith minimum shut-in time Δ toff, minimum opening time Δ tonWith minimum shut-in time Δ
toffThe least speed thinking that adjustment responds is the fastest, if the summation of the peak response capacity of all devices is 0.15MW, each cluster
Peak response capacity is 0.05MW, communication system parameter obtain control signal time delay Δ tcBeing 0～0.1s, response parameter is such as
Table 2:
23 GFD clusters of table participate in chirp parameter table
From Table 2, it can be seen that in the present embodiment by electrical network may participate in all electrical network friendly equipment of frequency modulation according to
Minimum opening time Δ tonWith minimum shut-in time Δ toffBeing divided into 3 clusters, cluster 1 adjusts the fastest of response, cluster
2 take second place, and the speed that cluster 3 adjusts response is the slowest.
When the frequency of occurrences is fallen, the frequency in sampler device sampling electrical network in cluster, three clusters are according to division
Good response interval responds, and adjusts response speed electrical network friendly device clusters response frequency magnitude faster less
Interval, and adjust the interval that the slower electrical network friendly device clusters response frequency magnitude of response speed is bigger.In table 1,
For cluster 1, it responds in the scope that frequency magnitude is 0.05-0.25, and cluster 2 is 0.1-0.3 in frequency magnitude
Scope respond, cluster 3 responds in the scope that frequency magnitude is 0.18-0.4.When frequency magnitude is 0.05
Time, the meritorious abatement ratio of cluster 1 response is 60%, and cluster 2 abatement ratio of gaining merit when frequency magnitude is 0.1 is
60%, cluster 3 is then that active power abatement ratio is just 60% when frequency magnitude is 0.18, i.e. the response district of three clusters
Between different, the purpose of do so is to both can guarantee that when electrical network generation active power vacancy, electrical network friendly equipment is permissible
Make and responding rapidly to, can guarantee that again the service behaviour of equipment simultaneously, reduce the impact on equipment itself.
After 3 GFD cluster responses, result is as shown in Figure 4, and in Fig. 4 (a), the more single cluster of response process is mild, the most a small amount of
Overshoot, frequency change is relatively mild, and general trend is relatively stable, and the generated power in Fig. 4 (b) is exerted oneself the mildest, Fig. 4
C () visible 3 electrical network friendly device clusters fall the response of situation ladder according to frequency.
Below it is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that above row of implementing do not constitute restriction, phase to the present invention
Closing staff in the range of without departing from the technology of the present invention thought, carried out various changes and modifications, and all falls within the present invention
Protection domain in.
Claims (5)
1. the control method of an electrical network friendly equipment participation power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the electrical network friendly equipment that may participate in power grid frequency modulation is determined in electrical network；
(2) response characteristic of electrical network friendly equipment in obtaining step (1), response characteristic includes: response speed, change run shape
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that state must experience；
(3) determine between the frequency variation of electrical network and active power vacancy according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic
Relation；
(4) for a certain electrical network friendly equipment, by the peak response capacity of this equipment and area power grid history occurrence frequency
Maximum magnitude is corresponding, determines the quantitative relation between frequency magnitude and response capacity, divides electrical network friend with frequency magnitude
The response of good type equipment is interval, responds capacity accordingly in the interval correspondence of each response；
(5) in response process, electrical network friendly equipment all needs when every secondary response action to detect timer, when the frequency of electrical network
Magnitude increases, and the time opening timer record of now this equipment more than its minimum opening time then according to described response
Closedown response is done in interval；When frequency magnitude reduces, and the time turning off timer record of now this equipment is more than this equipment
The minimum turn-off time then according to described response interval do unlatching response.
Electrical network friendly equipment the most according to claim 1 participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that step
(1) in, electrical network friendly equipment may participate in the condition of power grid frequency modulation and includes: has user and allows authority, is able to detect that in electrical network
The change of frequency and second level response speed.
Electrical network friendly equipment the most according to claim 1 participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that described
Peak response capacity refers to electrical network friendly equipment and can be used for the maximum that the active power of response consumes.
4. the control method of an electrical network friendly equipment participation power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the electrical network friendly equipment that may participate in power grid frequency modulation is determined in electrical network；
(2) response characteristic of electrical network friendly equipment in obtaining step (1), response characteristic includes: response speed, change run shape
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that state must experience；According to preset range, these are set
Carry out packet transaction formed different for minimum opening time, the minimum turn-off time must experienced according to change running status
Device clusters；
(3) determine between the frequency variation of electrical network and active power vacancy according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic
Relation；
(4) it is that each device clusters arranges different response according to the maximum magnitude of area power grid history occurrence frequency interval,
The interval correspondence of each response responds capacity accordingly, forms ladder response modes；
(5) in response process, each device clusters needs when every secondary response action to detect timer, when the frequency of electrical network is fallen
The amount that falls increases, and the time opening timer record of now this device clusters more than in this device clusters minimum open-interval
Maximum then this device clusters does closedown response according to described response interval；When frequency magnitude reduces, and now this equipment collection
The time turning off timer record of group more than this device clusters of maximum of minimum turn-off time in this device clusters according to institute
State response interval and do unlatching response.
Electrical network friendly equipment the most according to claim 4 participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that step
(4) in when arranging response and being interval, according to described preset range, for minimum opening time, less the setting of minimum turn-off time
It is relatively low that the frequency of standby its correspondence of cluster falls value, and for minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time longer device clusters, it is right
It is higher that the frequency answered falls value.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102983589A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-03-20 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Control method of grid friendly type distributed power source based on hybrid energy storage |
| CN104993478A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-21 | 华南理工大学 | Offline operation control method suitable for user-side microgrid |
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2016
- 2016-07-08 CN CN201610539745.4A patent/CN106058864B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102983589A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-03-20 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Control method of grid friendly type distributed power source based on hybrid energy storage |
| CN104993478A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-21 | 华南理工大学 | Offline operation control method suitable for user-side microgrid |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 张志丹 等: "电网友好型空调负荷的主动响应策略研究", 《中国电机工程学报》 * |
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