CN103474986A - Long-time scale power system frequency fluctuation simulation method - Google Patents
Long-time scale power system frequency fluctuation simulation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long-time scale power system frequency fluctuation simulation method which comprises the following steps: combining influences of wind power plant power fluctuation characteristics on power system frequency control, additionally arranging a wind power plant to participate in the power system frequency control in the original power system frequency control, and establishing a long-time scale power system frequency simulation platform; performing long-time scale simulation analysis on the influence of the wind power plant power fluctuation on the power system frequency control according to the established long-time scale power system frequency simulation platform. According to the long-time scale power system frequency fluctuation simulation method, the defects in the prior art that the power system frequency simulation speed is low, power equipment is low in operating safety and a power grid is low in economical efficiency can be overcome, so that the advantages that the power system frequency simulation speed is high, the power equipment is high in operating safety and the power grid is high in economical efficiency are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of power, particularly, relate to a kind of long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode.
Background technology
As everyone knows, power system frequency is one of important indicator of the quality of power supply, the frequency response of electrical network electric power system active power and the load between equilibrium relation, be the important control parameter of power system operation, with users' power equipment and safety and the efficiency of generating equipment itself, close relationship arranged.The frequency departure of electric power system, not only all work the mischief to the equipment operation of electric energy user and electric power system, also can affect the economy of whole electrical network, when serious, can cause large-area power-cuts, even makes whole electric power system disintegrate.
Along with economical and social fast development, electricity needs sharply rises, and electric network composition becomes increasingly complex, and the quality of power supply requires more and more higher.On the other hand along with the foundation of generation of electricity by new energy electric power system, especially wind-electricity integration operation, produced significant impact to operation and the scheduling method of electric power system.The maximum difference of wind power generation and traditional energy generating is that its primary energy is uncontrollable, makes wind power generation have the features such as stochastic volatility and intermittence.The conventional electric power system it has been generally acknowledged that load is uncontrollable, generates electricity controlled, thereby can exert oneself that to adapt to load variations stable to guarantee power system frequency by what adjust generating set.Along with the increase gradually of wind-powered electricity generation permeability, this control model, in some periods, as the load valley period, has been difficult to guarantee frequency stabilization.Not coupling characteristics between THE WIND ENERGY RESOURCES IN CHINA and load have determined to develop in the large capacity set of the many employings of China's Wind Power Generation in addition, the remote conveying, concentrate the development mode of access electrical network, frequency and the control of interconnection power of electric power system are had higher requirement.
Therefore, in the situation that tradition generating resources regulation is limited in one's ability, is necessary to study the new forms of energy power fluctuation impact of power system frequency is carried out to simulation analysis.But also have now, without any a kind of simulation software, for the power system frequency analysis, set up specially.Power system simulation software mainly contains at present: BPA program and electromagnetic transient state procedure EMTP that (1) Bang Naweier power office develops; (2) the PSCAD/EMTDC program that high voltage direct current transmission research center in Manitoba is developed; (3) the power system simulation software NETOMAC that Siemens is developed; (4) the electric power system of China Electric Power Research Institute's exploitation divides assemblage to close program PSASP; (5) the scientific and engineering computing software MATLAB that Math Works company develops
[1].Major function is respectively:
The BPA program is mainly used to calculate trend and transient stability.In addition, automatic generation control (AGC) is controlled and is combined with regional interconnection power, by the electric power system of some unit shareds or area power deviate, can make more rapid convergence of marine tidal-current energy
[2].PSD-BPA transient stability program is mainly used in analyzing the Electrical Power System Dynamic behavior of electric power system while being subject to various the interference under stable state;
The EMTP program is mainly used in calculating electromagnetic transient in electric power system;
The PSCAD/EMTDC software development is in order to study the high voltage direct current transmission electric power system, the typical case of PSCAD/EMTDC application is to calculate electric power system while changed by disturbance or parameter, the time dependent rule of parameter, PSCAD/EMTDC software is widely used in the simulation calculation of design, harmonic analysis in power system and the field of power electronics of high voltage direct current transmission, FACTS controller in addition.
The major function of NETOMAC is: trend calculating, electro-magnetic transient calculating and electromechanical transient calculating, parameter optimization, frequency response etc.;
The function of PSASP mainly contains steady-state analysis, accident analysis and electromechanical transient analysis.
In a word, EMTP is mainly used to carry out the electromagnetic transient Digital Simulation, and PSCAD/EMTDC, NETOMAC mainly carry out the emulation of electro-magnetic transient and controlling unit, and BPA, PSASP mainly carry out trend and electromechanical transient Digital Simulation.MATLAB mainly carries out the Research of digital simulation of controlling unit.But, for frequency adjustment, can only the emulation electric power system be subject to the frequency transient response after large disturbance.In document [3], by self-defining AGC control module, utilize PSS/E to carry out frequency emulation, study the impact of the selection of control model on the area networking FREQUENCY CONTROL.Though consider long-term dynamics process in electric power system and the some factors in FREQUENCY CONTROL, but still how control frequency designs in order to analyze when electric power system is broken down.Therefore, for research interconnected network short-term and medium-term and long-term frequency adjustment, these softwares all can not meet the demands well.And use MATLAB
[4]modeling can be studied interconnected network short-term and medium-term and long-term FREQUENCY CONTROL and relevant issues, but the MATLAB simulation time is limited, for load variations or the generator power variation of long period yardstick, can not carry out well the frequency simulation analysis.List of references is as follows:
[1] Li Guangkai, Li Gengyin. Summary of Power System Simulation Software. electric and electronic teaching journal .2005 in June
[2] Zhang Yan, Mao Xiaoming, Chen Shaohua. electric power system calculating analysis software bag---the journal .2008 in December of Chinese version BPA. Guangdong University of Technology
[3] Chen Yan, Qiu Jiaju, Huang Zhilong ，Guo Jia field. the research of FREQUENCY CONTROL strategy after East China and Fujian networking. electric power network technique .2002 in June
[4] Liu Le, Liu harasses, Li Weidong. the development of interconnected network frequency adjustment dynamic simulation electric power system. and electric power network technique .2009 in April
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds in prior art at least to exist the defects such as the power system frequency simulation velocity is slow, the power equipment safety in operation is poor and electrical network economy is poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for the problems referred to above, propose a kind of long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode, with the advantage that realizes that the power system frequency simulation velocity is fast, the power equipment safety in operation is good and electrical network economy is good.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode comprises:
A, the impact of power system frequency being controlled in conjunction with wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic increase wind energy turbine set and participate in power system frequency control in original power system frequency is controlled, and set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform;
The long time scale power system frequency emulation platform that b, utilization are set up, the simulation analysis of long time scale is carried out in the impact that the wind energy turbine set power fluctuation is controlled power system frequency.
Further, described step a specifically comprises:
A1, utilize the power spectral-density analysis method, in conjunction with the wind energy turbine set measured data, analyze the power fluctuation characteristic of wind energy turbine set, determine various load fluctuations and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic;
A2, by wind energy turbine set participate in electric power system meritorious/the FREQUENCY CONTROL Mathematical Modeling, add during power system frequency controls, set up wind energy turbine set FREQUENCY CONTROL model; Utilize quasi steady state method to set up inertia control, primary frequency modulation and frequency modulation frequency modulation Mathematical Modeling that fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit and wind energy turbine set participate in electric power system, set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform.
Further, described step a1 specifically comprises:
1. the load and the active power of wind power field that read energy management electric power system EMS predict the outcome, the wave characteristic of analysis load and active power of wind power field;
2. according to the fluctuation situation, by a second level, divide, determine load and the active power of wind power field wave characteristic of each period;
Determine the operation of active power of wind power field wave characteristic, refer to that research shows that wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic has its regularity, utilize the wind energy turbine set measured data, by this wind energy turbine set power fluctuation of power spectral density analytical characteristic.
Further, described step a2 specifically comprises:
Set up wind energy turbine set and participate in gain merit/FREQUENCY CONTROL Mathematical Modeling of electric power system, together with fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit, form polynary energy pool FREQUENCY CONTROL, utilize quasi steady state method to set up each generating set and participate in power system frequency control simulation model;
Replace quick change procedure with the algebraically equilibrium equation, and suppose that speed regulator moves immediately according to the difference coefficient of primary frequency modulation, set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform;
Using the wind power wave characteristic as input, analyze long time scale power system frequency fluctuation situation.
Further, described step b specifically comprises:
B1, set up multizone associating automatic generation control (AGC) model, model list zone FREQUENCY CONTROL model, next considers the FREQUENCY CONTROL model that other are regional, and then sets up the multizone Combined Frequency and control;
The impact that b2, simulation analysis load fluctuation and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation are controlled power system frequency, determine the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system.
Further, described step b2 specifically comprises:
B21, using the wind power wave characteristic as input, analyze power system frequency fluctuation situation;
B22, according to the Modulating Power of power system frequency fluctuation simulation scenarios and each unit, the standby adjustment capacity of the primary frequency modulation of each unit of calculative determination electric power system and frequency modulation frequency modulation;
The standby adjustment capacity of electric power system that b23, basis calculate, scheduling arranges the standby rotation capacity of electric power system, analyzes the impact of power fluctuation on power system frequency, determines the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system.
Further, described step b22 specifically comprises:
1. determine the standby adjustment capacity of primary frequency modulation of each unit, the difference coefficient R of known unit, and the frequency fluctuation Δ f of electric power system, it is P=Δ f/R that the primary frequency modulation active power of unit is calculated formula;
2. determine the standby adjustment capacity of frequency modulation frequency modulation of frequency modulation unit, when coding, the generator active power data of frequency modulation frequency modulation are existed to an array, finally call array, can obtain in power system frequency fluctuation adjustment process the standby adjustment capacity of the frequency modulation frequency modulation of each frequency modulation unit;
3. last, the standby adjustment capacity of each unit of electric power system is issued to scheduling, arrange the spinning reserve of each unit to adjust capacity, stable to maintain power system frequency.
Further, in step b23, the impact of described analysis power fluctuation on power system frequency, determine the operation of the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system, specifically comprises:
1. when load and active power of wind power field during in steady fluctuation characteristic, the frequency of electric power system and standby adjustment capacity can great changes will take place;
2. when load and active power of wind power field during in the rising fluctuation characteristic, separately consider: for load fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system reduces, and standby adjustment needs increase; For the active power of wind power field fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system increases, and reserve capacity reduces;
3. when load and active power of wind power field, during in the decline fluctuation characteristic, separately consider: for load fluctuation, the increase of the frequency of electric power system, standby adjustment reduces; For the active power of wind power field fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system reduces, and reserve capacity needs to increase.
Further, in step b23, described load and active power of wind power field variation tendency, comprise rising, decline and steady three kinds of fluctuation characteristics.
The long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of various embodiments of the present invention, owing to comprising: the impact of power system frequency being controlled in conjunction with wind energy turbine set power stochastic volatility, increase wind energy turbine set and participate in power system frequency control in original power system frequency is controlled, set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform; Utilize the long time scale power system frequency emulation platform of setting up, the simulation analysis of long time scale is carried out in the impact that the wind energy turbine set power fluctuation is controlled power system frequency; Can the load fluctuation of long time scale simulation analysis on the impact of electric power system, the reserve capacity of each electricity power system is set in advance, from reducing in essence the frequency change of electric power system, and improve on this basis the utilance of each energy; Thereby can overcome the defect that in prior art, the power system frequency simulation velocity is slow, the power equipment safety in operation is poor and electrical network economy is poor, with the advantage that realizes that the power system frequency simulation velocity is fast, the power equipment safety in operation is good and electrical network economy is good.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly from specification, become apparent, or understand by implementing the present invention.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms the part of specification, for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention together with embodiments of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
The schematic flow sheet that Fig. 1 is long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present invention;
The curve synoptic diagram that Fig. 2 is active power of wind power field fluctuation in long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the situation of change figure that in long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present invention, the expression electric power system was loaded in a day;
Fig. 4 means the frequency change situation map of electric power system in long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present invention;
Fig. 5 be in long time scale power system frequency of the present invention fluctuation emulation mode electric power system at matlab emulation electric power system medium frequency situation of change figure;
Fig. 6 is that in long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present invention, load variations 2%, wind energy turbine set participate in power system frequency and control and power system frequency situation of change figure;
Fig. 7 is that in long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present invention, load variations 2%, wind energy turbine set do not participate in power system frequency and control and power system frequency situation of change figure;
Fig. 8 is single regional power system frequency change situation map during load variations 3% in long time scale power system frequency of the present invention fluctuation emulation mode;
Fig. 9 is multizone pool frequency change situation map during load variations 3% in long time scale power system frequency of the present invention fluctuation emulation mode;
Figure 10 is load or wind energy turbine set power change curve in long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the curve chart that in long time scale power system frequency of the present invention fluctuation emulation mode, load variations and Power Systems change;
Figure 12 is the curve chart that in long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present invention, wind energy turbine set power changes and Power Systems changes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein, only for description and interpretation the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Electric power system moves under a synchronous frequency, the necessary balance of the electric energy of generation and the electric energy of consumption, if the electric energy surplus occurred, synchronous generator will speed up, and power system frequency increases; Otherwise generator will slow down, power system frequency descends.Yet, due to characteristics such as the intrinsic randomness of wind-powered electricity generation unit itself and fluctuations, make wind power there is stochastic volatility.Along with the continuous increase of wind-powered electricity generation permeability, the stable adverse effect that has been subject to of power system frequency.When electric power system occurrence frequency decrease accident, decisive role has been played in the variation that the inertia of electric power system reduces for frequency---and inertia is lower, and power system frequency reduces sooner.Because blower fan adopts power electronic equipment mostly, make electromagnetic power and mechanical output decoupling zero, can't provide inertial response to electrical network, along with improving constantly of wind-powered electricity generation permeability, the inertia coeffeicent of electric power system reduces gradually, thereby makes frequency safety and the stability of electric power system after wind-electricity integration become a great problem.The requirement that the grid-connected guide rule in various countries is controlled wind energy turbine set power in addition, and research shows that the wind energy turbine set power fluctuation is little than power of fan, and China's Wind Power Generation mode adopts the extensive access way of concentrating, many workers of the State Grid wind energy turbine set that progressively begins one's study to participate in the power system frequency control strategy.
Therefore, according to correlative study and wind energy turbine set measured data, set up wind energy turbine set and participate in gain merit/FREQUENCY CONTROL Mathematical Modeling of electric power system, together with fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit, form polynary energy pool FREQUENCY CONTROL.In view of in existing power system simulation software, also do not have aly for the frequency fluctuation emulation of electric power system, to design specially, so generally all with Matlab/Simulink, build unit FREQUENCY CONTROL model, during the analysis load fluctuation, power system frequency changes.But the Matlab/Simulink simulation time is limited, be unfavorable for that traffic department controls in advance, the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system is set.The emulation of long time scale power system frequency refers to that the time in view of short-term load forecasting is generally one day to one week, wind energy turbine set short term power predicted time is generally 1 ~ 48h, all for arranging operation plan, for the load fluctuation of a day to a week and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation, power system frequency fluctuation simulation time is elongated.Therefore, a kind of long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode is proposed.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1-Figure 12, provide a kind of long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode.This long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode, embody the perspective of regional power grid FREQUENCY CONTROL, increase wind energy turbine set and participate in power system frequency control in original power system frequency is controlled, polynary electricity power system frequency control strategy is proposed, utilize power spectral-density analysis methods analyst wind energy turbine set power fluctuation situation, utilize quasi steady state method to set up interior each the large group of motors in zone as fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit and wind energy turbine set Mathematical Modeling, thereby set up emulation platform; But the load fluctuation of long time scale simulation analysis and wind power fluctuate on the impact of electric power system, the reserve capacity of each electricity power system is set in advance, from reducing in essence the frequency change of electric power system, and improve on this basis the utilance of each energy.
The long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the present embodiment, can predict the outcome in conjunction with load and Power Output for Wind Power Field, analyze various load fluctuations and generator power fluctuation (as the wind energy turbine set power fluctuation) characteristic, and the impact that power system frequency is controlled, carry out long time scale (as to two day in sky) simulation analysis; To power system frequency examination limit value, comprise the frequency examination upper limit ((50+0.2) Hz) and frequency examination lower limit ((50-0.2) Hz), it is qualified that frequency operates in this scope; Frequency modulation frequency modulation refers to when power system load and generator active power generation disturbance, controls and makes power system frequency return to stationary value.
Referring to Fig. 1, the long time scale power system frequency of the present embodiment fluctuation emulation mode, can realize by the following technical solutions:
The impact of power system frequency being controlled in conjunction with wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic, increase wind energy turbine set and participate in power system frequency control in original power system frequency is controlled, set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform, the impact that the wind energy turbine set power fluctuation is controlled power system frequency is analyzed; Power fluctuation refers to wind energy turbine set level second power fluctuation; Power spectral density refers to for the signal with continuous frequency spectrum and limited average power or noise, means the frequency function of the unit bandwidth power of its spectrum component; This operation specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) utilize the power spectral-density analysis method, in conjunction with the wind energy turbine set measured data, analyze the power fluctuation characteristic of wind energy turbine set, determine various load fluctuations and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic; (1) step specifically comprises:
1. the load and the active power of wind power field that read energy management electric power system EMS predict the outcome, the wave characteristic of analysis load and active power of wind power field;
2. according to the fluctuation situation, divide (for example, the second level of the fluctuation situation in a day can being take is unit) by a second level, determine load and the active power of wind power field wave characteristic of each period;
Here, determine the active power of wind power field wave characteristic, refer to that research shows that wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic has its regularity, utilize the wind energy turbine set measured data, by this wind energy turbine set power fluctuation of power spectral density analytical characteristic;
(2) wind energy turbine set is participated in to the gain merit/FREQUENCY CONTROL of electric power system, add in power system frequency control, set up wind energy turbine set FREQUENCY CONTROL model; Utilize quasi steady state method to set up inertia control, primary frequency modulation and frequency modulation frequency modulation Mathematical Modeling that fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit and wind energy turbine set participate in electric power system, to set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform;
(2) step is specially: set up wind energy turbine set and participate in gain merit/FREQUENCY CONTROL Mathematical Modeling of electric power system, with fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit together, form polynary energy pool FREQUENCY CONTROL, utilize quasi steady state method to set up each generating set and participate in power system frequency control simulation model, replace quick change procedure with the algebraically equilibrium equation, and the hypothesis speed regulator moves immediately according to the difference coefficient of primary frequency modulation, set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform, using the wind power wave characteristic as input, analyze long time scale power system frequency fluctuation situation,
Step (2) in, can also set up various power plants FREQUENCY CONTROL model by quasi steady state method;
Step (2) in, can also set up power system frequency by quasi steady state method and control model; Here, electric power system comprises thermal power plant, hydroelectric plant and wind energy turbine set, jointly participates in power system frequency and controls; FREQUENCY CONTROL comprises inertia control, primary frequency modulation and frequency modulation frequency modulation (AGC);
Step (2) in, quasi steady state method is specially: the time-based Scale Decomposition replaces quick change procedure with equilibrium equation; Adopt quasi steady state method, can reduce the complexity of model, greatly reduce computing time;
The quasi-stable state modeling refers to by element dynamical equation and power system network equation group altogether, differential-the algebraically of foundation description electric power system long term dynamics process-difference equation, electric power system reaches quasi-stable state and means that last load and the caused transient process of wind energy turbine set power fluctuation finish, and load and the new fluctuation of wind energy turbine set power not yet occur, electric power system is calculated on section all in the transient equilibrium state at each; But transient equilibrium point not means mid-term, from then on state variable no longer changes; Whole electric power system will constantly be jumped to another transient equilibrium point from a transient equilibrium point at quick change procedure under the promotion of load and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation; Just can describe like this long time scale change procedure of power system frequency by a series of transient equilibrium points, realize long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation;
(3) set up multizone associating automatic generation control (AGC) model, model list zone FREQUENCY CONTROL model, next considers the FREQUENCY CONTROL model that other are regional, and then sets up the multizone Combined Frequency and control; Can realize multizone associating frequency modulation, reduce each zone burden, improve the FREQUENCY CONTROL quality;
Step (3) in, can also set up multizone pool FREQUENCY CONTROL model, to reduce the FREQUENCY CONTROL burden of disturbed area;
(4) the impact that simulation analysis load fluctuation and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation are controlled power system frequency, determine the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system;
(4) step is specially: using the wind power wave characteristic as input, analyze power system frequency fluctuation situation.According to power system frequency fluctuation simulation scenarios, the standby adjustment capacity of the primary frequency modulation of each unit of calculative determination electric power system and frequency modulation frequency modulation, for dispatching the standby rotation capacity of electric power system that arranges, thereby can tackle various loads and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation, reduce the power system frequency fluctuation, keep power system frequency stable, the system that increases electric power spinning reserve is adjusted the economy of capacity; This operation specifically comprises:
1. determine the standby adjustment capacity of primary frequency modulation of each unit, the difference coefficient R of known unit, and the frequency fluctuation Δ f of electric power system, it is P=Δ f/R that the primary frequency modulation active power of unit is calculated formula;
2. determine the standby adjustment capacity of frequency modulation frequency modulation of frequency modulation unit, when coding, the generator active power data of frequency modulation frequency modulation are existed to an array, finally call array, can obtain in power system frequency fluctuation adjustment process the standby adjustment capacity of the frequency modulation frequency modulation of each frequency modulation unit.
3. last, the standby adjustment capacity of each unit of electric power system is issued to scheduling, arrange the spinning reserve of each unit to adjust capacity, stable to maintain power system frequency;
Step (4) in, for load fluctuation and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic, can utilize long time scale power system frequency emulation platform, analyze the impact on power system frequency;
Step (4) in, determine the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system, according to the frequency fluctuation situation of electric power system and the Modulating Power of each unit, determine each unit primary frequency modulation capacity and frequency modulation frequency modulation capacity;
Step (4) in, the load and the active power of wind power field variation tendency comprise rising, decline and steady three kinds of fluctuation characteristics; Analyze the impact of power fluctuation on power system frequency, determine that the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system comprises:
1. when load and active power of wind power field during in steady fluctuation characteristic, the frequency of electric power system and standby adjustment capacity can great changes will take place;
2. when load and active power of wind power field during in the rising fluctuation characteristic, separately consider: for load fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system reduces, and standby adjustment needs increase; For the active power of wind power field fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system increases, and reserve capacity can reduce;
3. when load and active power of wind power field, during in the decline fluctuation characteristic, separately consider: for load fluctuation, the increase of the frequency of electric power system, standby adjustment can reduce; For the active power of wind power field fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system reduces, and reserve capacity needs to increase.
Compared with prior art, the long time scale power system frequency of above-described embodiment fluctuation emulation mode at least can reach following beneficial effect:
(1) can be studied by the real time data to the wind energy turbine set collection, analyzed wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic on frequency, can be taken full advantage of various information, as real-time weather forecast information, and the scope of application is wide, assessment result is accurate, can effectively analyze wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic;
(2) added wind energy turbine set to participate in power system frequency and controlled, the power characteristic of wind-powered electricity generation unit has rapidity, transient state, and conventional unit has time delay, continuation, and its advantage is brought into play in both coordinations separately; Improved on the other hand the inertia adjustment factor of electric power system, the fluctuation of disturbance moment power system frequency and scheduling electric power system frequency modulation pressure have been reduced, also improve to a certain extent the resume speed of power system frequency, increased electrical network to wind farm grid-connected receiving ability and the schedulability of wind energy turbine set;
(3) apply quasi steady state method and set up each unit FREQUENCY CONTROL model, calculate the stable situation of each period, reduced the complexity of model, improved simulation calculation speed, frequency change that can long time scale emulation electric power system;
(4) can set up the multizone Combined Frequency and control, improve FREQUENCY CONTROL stability, reduce each regional frequency modulation burden;
(5) for the frequency fluctuation simulation result of electric power system, determine the standby adjustment capacity of each unit of electric power system, comprise primary frequency modulation capacity and frequency modulation frequency modulation capacity, convenient scheduling is controlled in advance, and leading plan, to guarantee the stable of power system frequency.
Particularly, can pass through following specific embodiment, realize technical scheme of the present invention.
From the regulating characteristics of wind energy turbine set, the unit interval regulations speed of wind energy turbine set is faster than conventional power plant.Under electric network fault or special operational mode, active power of wind power field underspeeds even can reach per minute 20% installed capacity.Now, if wind energy turbine set participates in the electric power system frequency modulation control except the frequency modulation pressure that can alleviate electric power system, also accelerated to a certain extent the regeneration rate of power system frequency.
And interconnected between large electrical network is the common experience of countries in the world power network development.Trans-regional interconnected, transnational interconnected be the inexorable trend of large power network development to certain phase.Will keep and improve the quality of power supply in large regional interconnected network, guarantee contact exchange power planning operation, improve unit regulating and controlling performance, bring into play the superiority of large operation of power networks, this and multizone Combined Frequency are controlled close relationship.
Therefore, utilize the long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of above-described embodiment, in conjunction with existing advanced frequency modulation technology---wind energy turbine set participates in power system frequency control and the multizone Combined Frequency is controlled, and by programming, realizes long time scale power system frequency fluctuation simulated effect:
(1) at first utilize Matlab to set up the load fluctuation model, and set up three regional combination FREQUENCY CONTROL models;
(2) be secondly to utilize long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode, programming realizes three regional combination FREQUENCY CONTROL; Comparative analysis: the 1. superiority of long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode; 2. wind energy turbine set participates in the superiority that power system frequency is controlled; 3. combine regional FREQUENCY CONTROL and participate in the superiority that power system frequency is controlled.4. the impact that load fluctuation and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation change power system frequency.
In the above-described embodiments, the foundation of load disturbance model: by the stack of the sinusoidal signal of white noise sequence and a plurality of different times, by revising the cycle of sinusoidal signal, can make load disturbance meet different simulation requirements in the situation that do not affect the normal distribution characteristic:
(1) for one day load variations data (86400s), the three regional power system frequency emulation electric power systems that utilize long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode to set up, the variation of emulation power system frequency well, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, Fig. 3 means the situation of change of load in electric power system one day, and Fig. 4 means the frequency change situation of electric power system.
And the three regional power system frequency emulation electric power systems of setting up based on the Matlab emulation platform, load variations for emulation electric power system one day or longer time yardstick, simulation time is limited, only can react electric power system the frequency change situation of more than 800 seconds, as shown in Figure 5.
(2) during load variations 2%, wind energy turbine set participates in power system frequency while controlling, the situation of change of power system frequency, as shown in Figure 6.
In load variations moment, the frequency of electric power system drops to 49.987Hz, and after the AGC of electric power system action, the frequency of electric power system is elevated to 50.006Hz, and the power system frequency fluctuation time is 11s.
If wind energy turbine set does not participate in power system frequency, do not change, the frequency change of electric power system as shown in Figure 7.
In load variations moment, the frequency of electric power system drops to 49.9855Hz, and after the AGC of electric power system action, the frequency of electric power system is elevated to 50.009Hz, and the power system frequency fluctuation time is 17s.
As can be seen here, in load variations moment, if wind energy turbine set participates in power system frequency, control, can obviously reduce frequency wave momentum and the fluctuation time of electric power system.
(3) along with the continuous expansion of power system operation scale, the interconnected power system development trend that becomes of electrical networks at different levels, therefore utilize long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode, can set up multizone pool FREQUENCY CONTROL.Following part is that analysis list zone FREQUENCY CONTROL and multizone Combined Frequency are controlled, the power system frequency situation of change.During load variations 3%, if there is the zone of wind energy turbine set to carry out separately frequency modulation work, the frequency change situation of electric power system is illustrated in fig. 8 shown below.
As seen from Figure 8, be directed to 3% load variations, the power system frequency fluctuation is-0.075Hz ~ 0.018Hz.And multizone pool FREQUENCY CONTROL effect as shown in Figure 9.
As seen from Figure 9, be directed to 3% load variations, the power system frequency fluctuation is-0.0244Hz ~ 0.014Hz.Contrast as seen, be directed to load fluctuation, the superiority of pool FREQUENCY CONTROL, can reduce the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system simultaneously.
(4) set up load fluctuation model and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation model by Matlab, analyze the impact that it is controlled power system frequency.
Suppose that load or the variation of wind energy turbine set power are illustrated in fig. 10 shown below;
Be directed to load variations, Power Systems changes as shown in figure 11; Be directed to wind energy turbine set power and change, the power system frequency variation is illustrated in fig. 12 shown below: as can be seen here, when load raises, power system frequency reduces, and during load reduction, power system frequency raises; And the wind energy turbine set power fluctuation, the power system frequency variation tendency is contrary with the load variations situation.
In sum, the long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode of the various embodiments described above of the present invention, be directed to power system load fluctuation and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation, can emulation power system frequency fluctuation change procedure, from long time scale analysis power system frequency situation of change; Utilize wind energy turbine set to participate in power system frequency control strategy and pool multizone FREQUENCY CONTROL strategy simultaneously, analyze power system frequency and change, embody the perspective and intelligent of the method.
Finally it should be noted that: the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment, the present invention is had been described in detail, for a person skilled in the art, its technical scheme that still can put down in writing aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode, is characterized in that, comprising:
A, the impact of power system frequency being controlled in conjunction with wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic increase wind energy turbine set and participate in power system frequency control in original power system frequency is controlled, and set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform;
The long time scale power system frequency emulation platform that b, utilization are set up, the simulation analysis of long time scale is carried out in the impact that the wind energy turbine set power fluctuation is controlled power system frequency.
2. long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step a specifically comprises:
A1, utilize the power spectral-density analysis method, in conjunction with the wind energy turbine set measured data, analyze the power fluctuation characteristic of wind energy turbine set, determine various load fluctuations and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic;
A2, by wind energy turbine set participate in electric power system meritorious/the FREQUENCY CONTROL Mathematical Modeling, add during power system frequency controls, set up wind energy turbine set FREQUENCY CONTROL model; Utilize quasi steady state method to set up inertia control, primary frequency modulation and frequency modulation frequency modulation Mathematical Modeling that fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit and wind energy turbine set participate in electric power system, set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform.
3. long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described step a1 specifically comprises:
1. the load and the active power of wind power field that read energy management electric power system EMS predict the outcome, the wave characteristic of analysis load and active power of wind power field;
2. according to the fluctuation situation, by a second level, divide, determine load and the active power of wind power field wave characteristic of each period;
Determine the operation of active power of wind power field wave characteristic, refer to that research shows that wind energy turbine set power fluctuation characteristic has its regularity, utilize the wind energy turbine set measured data, by this wind energy turbine set power fluctuation of power spectral density analytical characteristic.
4. long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described step a2 specifically comprises:
Set up wind energy turbine set and participate in gain merit/FREQUENCY CONTROL Mathematical Modeling of electric power system, together with fired power generating unit, Hydropower Unit, form polynary energy pool FREQUENCY CONTROL, utilize quasi steady state method to set up each generating set and participate in power system frequency control simulation model;
Replace quick change procedure with the algebraically equilibrium equation, and suppose that speed regulator moves immediately according to the difference coefficient of primary frequency modulation, set up long time scale power system frequency emulation platform;
Using the wind power wave characteristic as input, analyze long time scale power system frequency fluctuation situation.
5. long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step b specifically comprises:
B1, set up multizone associating automatic generation control (AGC) model, model list zone FREQUENCY CONTROL model, next considers the FREQUENCY CONTROL model that other are regional, and then sets up the multizone Combined Frequency and control;
The impact that b2, simulation analysis load fluctuation and wind energy turbine set power fluctuation are controlled power system frequency, determine the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system.
6. long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described step b2 specifically comprises:
B21, using the wind power wave characteristic as input, analyze power system frequency fluctuation situation;
B22, according to the Modulating Power of power system frequency fluctuation simulation scenarios and each unit, the standby adjustment capacity of the primary frequency modulation of each unit of calculative determination electric power system and frequency modulation frequency modulation;
The standby adjustment capacity of electric power system that b23, basis calculate, scheduling arranges the standby rotation capacity of electric power system, analyzes the impact of power fluctuation on power system frequency, determines the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system.
7. long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described step b22 specifically comprises:
1. determine the standby adjustment capacity of primary frequency modulation of each unit, the difference coefficient R of known unit, and the frequency fluctuation Δ f of electric power system, it is P=Δ f/R that the primary frequency modulation active power of unit is calculated formula;
2. determine the standby adjustment capacity of frequency modulation frequency modulation of frequency modulation unit, when coding, the generator active power data of frequency modulation frequency modulation are existed to an array, finally call array, can obtain in power system frequency fluctuation adjustment process the standby adjustment capacity of the frequency modulation frequency modulation of each frequency modulation unit;
3. last, the standby adjustment capacity of each unit of electric power system is issued to scheduling, arrange the spinning reserve of each unit to adjust capacity, stable to maintain power system frequency.
8. long time scale power system frequency fluctuation emulation mode according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in step b23, the impact of described analysis power fluctuation on power system frequency, determine the operation of the standby adjustment capacity of electric power system, specifically comprises:
1. when load and active power of wind power field during in steady fluctuation characteristic, the frequency of electric power system and standby adjustment capacity can great changes will take place;
2. when load and active power of wind power field during in the rising fluctuation characteristic, separately consider: for load fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system reduces, and standby adjustment needs increase; For the active power of wind power field fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system increases, and reserve capacity reduces;
3. when load and active power of wind power field, during in the decline fluctuation characteristic, separately consider: for load fluctuation, the increase of the frequency of electric power system, standby adjustment reduces; For the active power of wind power field fluctuation, the frequency of electric power system reduces, and reserve capacity needs to increase.
9. according to the described long time scale power system frequency fluctuation of any one in claim 6-8 emulation mode, it is characterized in that, in step b23, described load and active power of wind power field variation tendency, comprise rising, decline and steady three kinds of fluctuation characteristics.
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