CN109617140A - A kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method - Google Patents

A kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109617140A
CN109617140A CN201811514860.1A CN201811514860A CN109617140A CN 109617140 A CN109617140 A CN 109617140A CN 201811514860 A CN201811514860 A CN 201811514860A CN 109617140 A CN109617140 A CN 109617140A
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parameter
load
oscillation amplitude
unit
optimal parameters
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周鑫
何常胜
何鑫
和鹏
刘明群
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Electric Power Research Institute of Yunnan Power System Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of Yunnan Power System Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/40Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application shows a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method, which comprises establishes single machine on-load model to unit to be optimized;According to the single machine on-load model, the rated power of the optimization unit is calculated;Under the conditions of the rated power, the pid parameter of regulating system, obtains the Optimal Parameters under stable condition one by one, and the pid parameter includes: proportional gain KP, integral gain KI, and, differential gain KDTechnical solution shown in the embodiment of the present application is by making full use of unit damped coefficient, so that the speed-regulating system parameter pid parameter of unit to be optimized is reached neutrality, under the constraint condition for not providing negative damping to system, improves the primary frequency modulation performance of unit to greatest extent.

Description

A kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power system stability control technical field, in particular to a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter Optimization method.
Background technique
The hydraulic power potentials of China occupies first place in the world, and with the development and utilization continued to increase to hydroelectric resources, China is As the maximum country of hydropower installed capacity in the world.Relative to thermal power generation, hydroelectric generation more clean and environmental protection meets China The national strategy of sustainable development;And compared to other clean energy resourcies, cost is relatively low for water power, and the relevant technologies are mature, and construction is big Type Hydropower Unit is the principal mode of China's development and utilization water power, and keeping Hydropower Unit stable operation in power grid is China Power The inevitable requirement of development.
Power system digital simulation has become Operation of Electric Systems, planning and the main tool of scientific research.Each member of electric system The mathematical model of part is the basis of simulation work, and the distortion of model will directly affect the decision scheme of operation, planning, to system structure At potential danger or cause the unnecessary wasting of resources.Currently, generator control and power transmission network model relative maturity, still Load simulation model is still relatively simple, influences on electric system simulation result accuracy huge.
Load is numerous electrical equipments and the synthesis of user, has the characteristics that non-linear, time variation, randomness, in difference It responds unknown under voltage, frequency excitation, so that it is increasingly complex compared to models such as generator, transmission lines of electricity, needs to recognize The problems such as parameter is more, and there are solution space complexity for traditional algorithm, and convergence rate is slow, easily falls into locally optimal solution.
In order to solve the above problem, load modeling should use new algorithm to improve load modeling working efficiency, while more acurrate Load characteristic amount is extracted, more really reflects the dynamic characteristic of load.
Pid parameter (the pid parameter are as follows: P is that proportional gain KP, I are that integral gain KI, D are of Large Hydropower Station governor Differential gain KD) influence unit primary frequency modulation transient process.Pid parameter setting is different, and regulation quality difference is very big.If speed regulation The adjustment parameter of device is arranged the unreasonable tune machine that is likely to result in and adjusts slowly or generate big overshoot, demodulates, primary frequency modulation performance It is inferior.
When Yunnan Power System and the synchronous operation of southern major network, load and fired power generating unit in southern host's net are provided just than great Damp more, stability is good, and the pid parameter of hydro turbine governor does not have obvious performance, Hydropower Unit to system frequency influence The negative damping problem of generation does not cause oscillation problem.But after Yunnan Power System and southern host's net are asynchronous, water power in Yunnan Power System Than great, negative damping problem is presented obviously, since negative damping problem has caused a lot of ultra-low frequency oscillation accidents unit.
In order to solve the above problem, the PID adjustment parameter for only selecting suitable Large Hydropower Station governor makes to adjust system System has excellent dynamic quality and excellent primary frequency modulation performance, can provide more positive damping for Yunnan Power System, prevent Since the accident that damping problem causes system frequency to vibrate occurs again.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method, makes regulating system With excellent dynamic quality and excellent primary frequency modulation performance, more positive damping can be provided for Yunnan Power System, prevent by Occur again in the accident that damping problem causes system frequency to vibrate.
The embodiment of the present application first aspect shows a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method, the method packet It includes:
Single machine on-load model is established to unit to be optimized;
According to the single machine on-load model, the rated power of the optimization unit is calculated;
Under the conditions of the rated power, the pid parameter of regulating system, obtains the Optimal Parameters under stable condition one by one, The pid parameter includes: proportional gain KP, integral gain KI, and, differential gain KD
Selectable, described under the conditions of rated power, the pid parameter of regulating system, obtains under stable condition one by one The step of Optimal Parameters includes:
Under the conditions of the rated power, K is setI=0, KD=0, it is gradually increased KP, obtain corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax, according to the threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax, calculation optimization parameter KP
Set the K in speed-regulating system pid parameterP=Optimal Parameters KP、KD=0, it is stepped up KIValue arrives corresponding critical Oscillation amplitude KImax, according to the threshold oscillation amplitude KImax, calculation optimization parameter KI
Set the K in speed-regulating system pid parameterP=Optimal Parameters KP、KD=Optimal Parameters KD, it is stepped up KDValue, obtains Optimal Parameters KD
It is selectable, according to the threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax, calculation optimization parameter KPThe step of specifically:
By the threshold oscillation amplitude KPmaxOptimal Parameters K is calculated by Fibonacci methodP
It is selectable, according to the threshold oscillation amplitude KImax, calculation optimization parameter KIThe step of specifically:
By the threshold oscillation amplitude KImaxOptimal Parameters K is calculated by Fibonacci methodI
It is selectable, it is described to be gradually increased KP, obtain corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KPmaxProcess specifically:
It is stepped up KP value, load disturbance is applied to single machine on-load system, observes the damping of unit frequency oscillation, until There is self-sustained oscillation, obtains corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax
It is selectable, it is described to be gradually increased KI, obtain corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KImaxProcess specifically:
It is stepped up KIValue applies load disturbance to single machine on-load system, observes the damping of unit frequency oscillation, until There is self-sustained oscillation, obtains corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KImax
Selectable, in described the step of applying load disturbance to single machine on-load system, the application load disturbance is Rated load ± 5%.
From the above technical scheme, the embodiment of the present application shows a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization side Method, which comprises single machine on-load model is established to unit to be optimized;According to the single machine on-load model, calculate The rated power of the optimization unit;Under the conditions of the rated power, the pid parameter of regulating system, obtains stablizing bar one by one Optimal Parameters under part, the pid parameter include: proportional gain KP, integral gain KI, and, differential gain KD, the application reality The technical solution exemplified is applied by making full use of unit damped coefficient, makes the speed-regulating system parameter pid parameter of unit to be optimized Reach neutrality, under the constraint condition for not providing negative damping to system, improves the primary frequency modulation performance of unit to greatest extent.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the process that a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method exemplified is preferably implemented according to one Figure;
Fig. 2 is that a kind of hydroelectric power plant's single machine on-load model exemplified is preferably implemented according to one;
Certain hydroelectric power plant K exemplified is preferably implemented according to one in Fig. 3PThe waveform diagram of the threshold oscillation of effect;
Certain hydroelectric power plant K exemplified is preferably implemented according to one in Fig. 4IThe waveform diagram of the threshold oscillation of effect;
Frequency adjusts waveform after certain the hydroelectric power plant's speed-regulating system pid parameter optimization exemplified is preferably implemented according to one by Fig. 5;
Frequency before certain the hydroelectric power plant's speed-regulating system pid parameter exemplified optimizes is preferably implemented according to one and adjusts waveform by Fig. 6;
Pid parameter primary frequency modulation active power regulation waveform before the optimization that exemplifies is preferably implemented according to one in Fig. 7;
Pid parameter primary frequency modulation active power regulation waveform after the optimization that exemplifies is preferably implemented according to one in Fig. 8.
In figure, KPFor proportional gain, KIFor integral gain, KDFor the differential gain, T1vIt is state forever for derivative time constant, bp Slip coefficient.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Whole description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application first aspect shows a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method, The described method includes:
S101 establishes single machine on-load model to unit to be optimized;
The building process of specific vertical single machine on-load model please refers to Fig. 2;
S102 calculates the rated power of the optimization unit according to the single machine on-load model;
For S103 under the conditions of the rated power, the pid parameter of regulating system, obtains the optimization ginseng under stable condition one by one Number, the pid parameter includes: proportional gain KP, integral gain KI, and, differential gain KD
Specifically, parameter optimization method:
By making full use of unit damped coefficient, the speed-regulating system parameter pid parameter of unit to be optimized is made to reach critical steady It is fixed, under the constraint condition for not providing negative damping to system, the primary frequency modulation performance of unit is improved to greatest extent.
1) single machine on-load model is established to unit to be optimized, unit operates in rated power.
Yunnan Large Hydropower Plant single machine on-load model such as Fig. 2:
In figure: KPFor proportional gain, KIFor integral gain, KDFor the differential gain, T1vIt is state forever for derivative time constant, bp Slip coefficient;
2) speed-regulating system Optimal Parameters K is setI=0, KD=0, it is stepped up KPValue applies single machine on-load system negative Lotus disturbs (± 5% rated load is advisable), observes the damping of unit frequency oscillation, until there is self-sustained oscillation, obtains corresponding Threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax, Optimal Parameters K is calculated by Fibonacci methodP.Optimal Parameters KP=0.618KPmax
3) basis has obtained KP, set speed-regulating system Optimal Parameters KP=0.618KPmax、KD=0, it is stepped up KIValue is right Single machine on-load system applies load disturbance, observes the damping of unit frequency oscillation, until there is self-sustained oscillation, obtains corresponding Threshold oscillation amplitude KImax, Optimal Parameters K is calculated by Fibonacci methodI.Optimal Parameters KI=0.618KImax
4) basis has obtained Optimal Parameters KPWith Optimal Parameters KI, set speed-regulating system Optimal Parameters KP=0.618KPmax、 Optimal Parameters KI=0.618KImax, it is stepped up KDValue applies load disturbance, observed frequency oscillation resistance to single machine on-load system Buddhist nun obtains Optimal Parameters K until hunting of frequency positive damping occurs and the number of oscillation is no more than onceD
By Optimal Parameters K obtained in step 2,3,4P, Optimal Parameters KIWith Optimal Parameters KDValue optimizes as pid parameter Parameter.
Embodiment 1:
Unit major parameter: unit rated power is 475MW, voltage rating 18KV, rated current 16929A, power plant The voltage class that is connected to the grid is 500KV, and rated head 130m, fluid inertia time constant is 2.82 seconds, and generator rotation is used Amount GD2 is 150000t.m2, and the unused time is 14.3 seconds, and the available machine time is 28.11 seconds etc..
Set the K in certain hydroelectric power plant's set speed adjustment system parameter pid parameterI=0, KD=0, it is stepped up KPValue, to single machine On-load system applies load disturbance, observes the damping of unit frequency oscillation, until there is self-sustained oscillation, such as Fig. 3, is corresponded to Threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax, KPmax=7.5.
Pass through threshold oscillation amplitude KPmaxObtain the K in pid parameterP=4.6.
According to having obtained KP, set the K in speed-regulating system pid parameterP=4.6, KD=0, it is stepped up KIValue, to single machine On-load system applies load disturbance, observes the damping of unit frequency oscillation, until there is self-sustained oscillation, such as Fig. 4, is corresponded to Threshold oscillation amplitude KImax, KImax=1.12.
Pass through threshold oscillation amplitude KImaxObtain the K in pid parameterI=0.692.
According to having obtained KPAnd KI, set the K in speed-regulating system pid parameterP=4.6, KI=0.692, it is stepped up KDValue, To single machine on-load system apply load disturbance, observed frequency oscillation damping, such as Fig. 5, until hunting of frequency occur positive damping and The number of oscillation obtains the K in pid parameter no more than onceD
Obtain the K in pid parameterD=3.5.
Optimization obtains Yunnan Large Hydropower Station speed-regulating system pid parameter: KP=4.6, KI=0.69, KD=3.5.
The different pid parameter damping ratios of table 1:
Pid parameter Damping ratio (%)
Parameter before optimizing KP=5, KI=5, KD=1 -0.08
Parameter after optimization KP=4.6, KI=0.69, KD=3.5 0.32
Frequency adjustment procedure such as Fig. 6 before Yunnan Large Hydropower Plant single machine on-load speed-regulating system pid parameter optimizes.
The analysis of primary frequency modulation procedure regulation:
The primary frequency modulation emulation for carrying out speed-regulating system pid parameter optimization front and back with Infinite bus system to single machine, to unit frequency Rate gives application -0.2Hz step disturbance, and analysis unit active power regulation time, active power demodulate.
Please refer to pid parameter primary frequency modulation active power regulation waveform before Fig. 7 optimizes;
Please refer to pid parameter primary frequency modulation active power regulation waveform after Fig. 8 optimizes;
The different pid parameter damping ratios of table 2;
It can be seen that damping ratio is 0.32% after technical side's amine Decentralized PID parameter optimization shown in the embodiment of the present application, it is system Positive damping is provided, active power caused by influencing due to water hammer effect is effectively reduced and demodulates, but primary frequency modulation regulating time is obvious Increase, inhibits system primary frequency modulation regulations speed, as the regional power grid based on Large Hydropower Station, Large Hydropower Station water hammer Effect demodulates unavoidably, need to take into account both primary frequency modulation regulations speed and damping ratios lance in the optimization of speed-regulating system pid parameter Shield problem.
The embodiment of the present application shows a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method, which comprises treats Optimization unit establishes single machine on-load model;According to the single machine on-load model, the specified function of the optimization unit is calculated Rate;Under the conditions of the rated power, the pid parameter of regulating system, obtains the Optimal Parameters under stable condition one by one, described Pid parameter includes: proportional gain KP, integral gain KI, and, differential gain KD, technical solution shown in the embodiment of the present application is logical It crosses and makes full use of unit damped coefficient, the speed-regulating system parameter pid parameter of unit to be optimized is made to reach neutrality, not to being System is provided under the constraint condition of negative damping, improves the primary frequency modulation performance of unit to greatest extent.
Those skilled in the art after considering the specification and implementing the invention disclosed here, will readily occur to of the invention its Its embodiment.This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention, these modifications, purposes or Person's adaptive change follows general principle of the invention and including the undocumented common knowledge in the art of the present invention Or conventional techniques.The description and examples are only to be considered as illustrative, and true scope and spirit of the invention are by following Claim is pointed out.
It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure already described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and And various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.The scope of the present invention is limited only by the attached claims.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Single machine on-load model is established to unit to be optimized;
According to the single machine on-load model, the rated power of the optimization unit is calculated;
Under the conditions of the rated power, the pid parameter of regulating system, obtains the Optimal Parameters under stable condition one by one, described Pid parameter includes: proportional gain KP, integral gain KI, and, differential gain KD
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described under the conditions of rated power, regulating system one by one Pid parameter, the step of obtaining the Optimal Parameters under stable condition include:
Under the conditions of the rated power, K is setI=0, KD=0, it is gradually increased KP, obtain corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax, According to the threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax, calculation optimization parameter KP
Set the K in speed-regulating system pid parameterP=Optimal Parameters KP、KD=0, it is stepped up KIValue arrives corresponding threshold oscillation width Value KImax, according to the threshold oscillation amplitude KImax, calculation optimization parameter KI
Set the K in speed-regulating system pid parameterP=Optimal Parameters KP、KD=Optimal Parameters KD, it is stepped up KDValue, is optimized Parameter KD
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, according to the threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax, calculation optimization parameter KPThe step of specifically:
By the threshold oscillation amplitude KPmaxOptimal Parameters K is calculated by Fibonacci methodP
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, according to the threshold oscillation amplitude KImax, calculation optimization parameter KIThe step of specifically:
By the threshold oscillation amplitude KImaxOptimal Parameters K is calculated by Fibonacci methodI
5. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described be gradually increased KP, obtain corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KPmaxProcess specifically:
It is stepped up KP value, load disturbance is applied to single machine on-load system, observes the damping of unit frequency oscillation, until occurring Self-sustained oscillation obtains corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KPmax
6. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described be gradually increased KI, obtain corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KImaxProcess specifically:
It is stepped up KIValue applies load disturbance to single machine on-load system, observes the damping of unit frequency oscillation, until occurring Self-sustained oscillation obtains corresponding threshold oscillation amplitude KImax
7. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that described to apply load disturbance to single machine on-load system The step of in, the application load disturbance be rated load ± 5%.
CN201811514860.1A 2018-12-12 2018-12-12 A kind of Large Hydropower Station governor parameter optimization method Pending CN109617140A (en)

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CN114326377A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-12 武汉大学 Steam turbine speed regulating system parameter optimization method based on genetic particle swarm optimization

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Application publication date: 20190412