CN106058864B - A kind of power grid friendly equipment participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation - Google Patents
A kind of power grid friendly equipment participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106058864B CN106058864B CN201610539745.4A CN201610539745A CN106058864B CN 106058864 B CN106058864 B CN 106058864B CN 201610539745 A CN201610539745 A CN 201610539745A CN 106058864 B CN106058864 B CN 106058864B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the control method that a kind of power grid friendly equipment participates in power grid frequency modulation, power grid frequency modulation resource is used as using power grid friendly equipment, based on the local frequency gathered, according to the threshold interval being previously set, the active power response that asynchronous controlling power grid friendly equipment participates in power grid frequency modulation is segmented, when mains frequency is relatively low, reduces the active consumption of power grid friendly equipment, so as to reduce active power shortage in power grid, power grid is helped to recover frequency stabilization as early as possible；Further, the faster device clusters preferential answering of response speed is made according to power grid friendly equipment actual minimum turn-off time and minimum opening time constraint in response process.Power grid friendly equipment in the present invention participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation according to actual frequency departure and active vacancy, stepped response policy is taken, so that the problem of effectively alleviating response or response deficiency, is conducive to the optimization of power grid frequency modulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power system control to optimize field, and in particular to a kind of power grid friendly with power grid user
Equipment participates in the control method of electric system frequency modulation.
Background technology
Power industry carries the main energy sources demand of country, is the basic row for being related to national stability and economic development
Industry.Electric system has very strong particularity, and the extensive interconnection of power grid causes each regional power grid to influence each other, the electricity in a region
Net collapse may trigger chain reaction, therefore, it is particularly important that ensureing the stable operation of electric system.
Frequency stabilization is the core content of power network safety operation, and the important research neck of electricity net safety stable technology
Domain, traditional electric system frequency modulation are mainly undertaken by frequency regulation power plant.In recent years, with the continuous development of intelligent grid, electric power
User side resource progresses into the visual field of people, constantly has experts and scholars to recognize, is carried out compared to the resource in power plant is called
Frequency modulation, user side have the Exploitative potential of bigger, user side resource can be used, and be used for power grid frequency modulation.
The equipment that user side is suitable for power grid frequency modulation is often power grid friendly equipment, when power system frequency fluctuates
When, such as：The unexpected output drop of generator, or be that the unexpected wind speed reduction of wind-driven generator causes output drop to cause power grid
Frequency is fallen, and causes active power uneven, this kind equipment can make corresponding response, cut-out or all negative at this time
Carry, reduce active vacancy for power grid, play the role of frequency modulation；When power grid is when falling amplitude reduction, this kind equipment can be beaten again
Open part or all of load.
Power grid friendly equipment participates in change of the control method according only to mains frequency of electric system frequency modulation in the prior art
Change responds to directly control power grid friendly equipment, and the response in view of equipment does not allow the time, once force
The kind equipment makes unreasonable response, can be to electrical equipment in itself and equipment purposes causes very big influence.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：Shadow easily is caused to equipment purposes in order to solve power grid friendly equipment control strategy in the prior art
The problem of ringing, the present invention propose that a kind of power grid friendly equipment participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation.
Technical solution：To achieve the above object, the present invention in power grid friendly equipment participate in power grid frequency modulation control method,
Comprise the following steps：
(1) determine to may participate in the power grid friendly equipment of power grid frequency modulation in power grid；
(2) in obtaining step (1) power grid friendly equipment response characteristic, response characteristic includes：Response speed, change fortune
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that row state must be undergone；
(3) according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic determine the frequency variation of power grid and active power shortage it
Between relation；
(4) for a certain power grid friendly equipment, frequency is occurred into for the peak response capacity of the equipment and area power grid history
The maximum magnitude of rate corresponds to, and determines frequency magnitude and responds the quantitative relation between capacity, electricity is divided with frequency magnitude
The response section of net friendly equipment, corresponding response capacity is corresponded in each response section；
(5) power grid friendly equipment all needs detection timer in each response action, when the frequency magnitude of power grid increases
Greatly, and the time of the unlatching timer record of the equipment then closes more than its minimum opening time according to the response section at this time
Close response；When the reduction of frequency magnitude, and the time of the shut-off timer record of the equipment is more than the minimum pass of the equipment at this time
The disconnected time then does unlatching response according to the response section.
Further, in order to improve the stability that the power grid friendly equipment of power grid frequency modulation participates in mains frequency regulation and control, reach
To more preferable smooth effect, present invention also offers the control method that another power grid friendly equipment participates in power grid frequency modulation, make
For the improvement of the above method, this method comprises the following steps：
(1) determine to may participate in the power grid friendly equipment of power grid frequency modulation in power grid；
(2) in obtaining step (1) power grid friendly equipment response characteristic, response characteristic includes：Response speed, change fortune
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that row state must be undergone；According to preset range by this
Minimum opening time, the minimum turn-off time that a little equipment must be undergone according to operating status is changed are grouped processing and are formed not
Same device clusters；
(3) according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic determine the frequency variation of power grid and active power shortage it
Between relation；
(4) different response areas is set for each device clusters according to the maximum magnitude of area power grid history occurrence frequency
Between, each section that responds corresponds to corresponding response capacity, forms ladder response modes；
(5) in response process, each device clusters need detection timer in each response action, when the frequency of power grid
Rate magnitude increases, and at this time the time of the unlatching timer record of the device clusters be more than it is minimum when opening in the device clusters
Between maximum then the device clusters according to it is described response section do closing response；When the reduction of frequency magnitude, and this sets at this time
The time of the shut-off timer record of standby cluster is more than the maximum of minimum turn-off time device clusters root in the device clusters
Unlatching response is done according to the response section.
Specifically, it is default when being grouped according to bunching in above-mentioned steps (4) when setting the response section of each device clusters
Scope, it is relatively low to fall value, for most for minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time less device clusters its corresponding frequencies
It is higher that small opening time, minimum turn-off time longer device clusters its corresponding frequency fall value.
Beneficial effect：The power grid friendly equipment of the present invention participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, by power grid user side
The frequency modulation potentiality that power grid friendly equipment possesses are excavated and utilized, and have higher practicality；Primarily responsive to process not
The participation of communication equipment is needed, eliminates the required instant messaging of extensive centralized Control power grid friendly equipment, is saved
A large amount of construction costs, have higher economy；By the response depth of the threshold interval control device of setting, asynchronous control is segmented
Power grid friendly equipment processed participates in the active power response of power grid frequency modulation.Further, improved participation controlling party in the present invention
Method, by carrying out cluster processing to equipment, takes the control model of the asynchronous segmentation of ladder in response process, can be directed to difference
Frequency fall the response that situation makes different depth, be conducive to avoid because response policy it is single caused by response capacity mistake
Big or too small situation, is conducive to the accuracy and validity of frequency modulation, the frequency modulation efficiency of electric system is improved, for power grid tune
Frequency optimization has preferable gain effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the control method of the power grid friendly equipment participation power grid frequency modulation in the present invention；
Fig. 2 controls Organization Chart for power grid friendly device clusters of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is not carry out the simulation result figure that clustered control power grid friendly equipment participates in power grid frequency modulation, and Fig. 3 (a) is electricity
Net friendly equipment participates in frequency variation curve during power grid frequency modulation, when Fig. 3 (b) participates in power grid frequency modulation for power grid friendly equipment
Generated power output change curve, Fig. 3 (c) be power grid friendly equipment participate in power grid frequency modulation when power grid friendly equipment
Cluster cuts down active power curves；
Fig. 4 is the simulation result figure that clustered control power grid friendly equipment participates in power grid frequency modulation, and Fig. 4 (a) is 3 power grid friends
Good type device clusters participate in frequency variation curve during power grid frequency modulation, and Fig. 4 (b) participates in electricity for 3 power grid friendly device clusters
Generated power output change curve during net frequency modulation, when Fig. 4 (c) participates in power grid frequency modulation for 3 power grid friendly device clusters
Power grid friendly device clusters cut down active power curves.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1, power grid friendly equipment participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation in the present invention, comprise the following steps：
(1) determine to may participate in the power grid friendly equipment of power grid frequency modulation, the bar that power grid friendly equipment may participate in power grid
Part includes：A) have and participate in authority, such as obtain the permission of owning user, b) it is mounted with control device, it is able to detect that power grid
The change of middle frequency, c) response speed is very fast, selects second level response speed in the present invention, and the response in the present invention refers to power grid close friend
Type equipment is closed to reduce the consumption of active power in whole power grid according to the change of mains frequency, or is opened to increase
Add the consumption of active power in whole power grid；
(2) response characteristic of above-mentioned power grid friendly equipment is obtained, response characteristic includes：Response speed, change operation shape
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that state must be undergone, minimum opening time, minimum turn-off
Time on the one hand in order to ensure the normal work of equipment, avoids equipment damage caused by frequently cut-offfing in the short time, the opposing party
Face can reflect the speed of equipment adjustment response, and peak response capacity refers to that power grid friendly equipment can be used for the active of response
The maximum of power consumption；In general, the response characteristic of power grid friendly equipment can be according to identifying equipment itself nameplate
Device type and the response parameter of controller either test and determine；
(3) according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic determine the frequency variation of power grid and active power shortage it
Between relation, the resistance of generator rotary inertia and load in mains frequency response process is usually drawn using actual electric network parameter
Buddhist nun's transmission function Kps/ (1+Tps*S), wherein, Tps is electric system time constant, and Kps is the power gain of electric system, S
It is Laplace operator, the Laplace relation between the frequency variation and active power shortage of the function representation power grid；
(4) for a certain power grid friendly equipment, frequency is occurred into for the peak response capacity of the equipment and area power grid history
The maximum magnitude of rate corresponds to, and according to proportional relationship, i.e. the magnitude of frequency is bigger, then the response of equipment is more, determines frequency
Quantitative relation between rate magnitude and power grid friendly equipment response capacity, power grid friendly equipment is divided with frequency magnitude
Response section, correspond to corresponding response capacity in each response section；
(5) on the one hand power grid friendly equipment determines that response is held when participating in responding according to the frequency magnitude of power grid
Amount, on the other hand, also existence time constraint, i.e., cannot close or open immediately equipment with the wattful power to power grid in response process
Rate adjustment contributes.
Power grid friendly equipment in each response action all need detection timer, when power grid frequency magnitude increase,
When needing the equipment do closing response, if the time of the unlatching timer record of the equipment is more than its minimum opening time at this time
Then the equipment does closing response, equally, when the reduction of frequency magnitude, equipment can be opened, if the shut-off timing of the equipment at this time
The minimum turn-off time that the time of device record is more than the equipment, then the equipment did unlatching response.
Further, it is smooth response effect, response cluster can be further segmented, be set by the way of more clusters
Put power grid friendly equipment and participate in power grid frequency modulation.Before power grid friendly equipment participates in response, all power grid friendly are set
The standby speed according to its adjustment response carries out assemblage classification, such as：It is required most according to state is changed according to default scope
Power grid friendly equipment is grouped by big opening time, maximum shut-in time to be handled and is divided into different clusters, correspondingly,
Frequency magnitude in power grid distributes different response sections for different device clusters, preferential to adjust in response process
With the adjustment faster cluster of response speed, it is relatively low that device clusters its corresponding frequency for adjusting fast response time falls value,
It is higher to fall value for slow device clusters its corresponding frequency of adjustment response speed, i.e.,：Frequency magnitude is rung compared with hour adjustment
The preferential of the cluster of speed is answered to respond, and when frequency falls larger, recalls the relatively slow collection of adjustment response speed
Group participates in response, forms ladder response.
Meanwhile each device clusters also need detection timer in each response action, when the frequency magnitude of power grid increases
Greatly, and the time of the unlatching timer record of the device clusters is more than the minimum opening time of all devices in the device clusters at this time
Maximum then the device clusters according to it is described response section do closing response；When frequency magnitude is reduced, and equipment at this time
The time of the shut-off timer record of cluster is more than the maximum of all devices minimum turn-off time equipment in the device clusters
Cluster does unlatching response according to the response section.
As shown in Fig. 2, include in power grid friendly device clusters control system control centre, clustered control unit and
The each equipment group handled by cluster., can be by clustered control center analysis power grid friendly equipment according to historical responses situation
Respond capacity and frequency fluctuation, and frequency magnitude to response policy and the response capacity of power grid friendly equipment are made necessarily
Fine setting be handed down to each clustered control unit, the parameter of controller in each equipment group is uniformly changed by clustered control unit.When going out
Then the bound for responding section is lowered when now crossing response, raises the bound for responding section when there is owing response, it is excessively loud
Should refer to equipment respond after influence to active power consumption beyond the requirement of network re-active power vacancy, or be to set
The time of standby response has exceeded the response time of power grid needs；Deficient response refers to equipment after responding to active power consumption
Influence not meeting the requirement of network re-active power vacancy, or be when time of equipment response being not up to the response of power grid needs
Between.
Embodiment 2：
In the present embodiment, for the microgrid that a rated capacity is 1MW, the institute of electric system frequency modulation is may participate in the power grid
There is the total capacity Q of power grid friendly equipmentgf=0.15MW, i.e., the peak response capacity summation of each equipment is 0.15MW.Assuming that it is
System occurs 0.2MW active power shortages (Δ P at the 1s moment suddenlyd=0.2MW), and consider active reduction uncertainty,
The delay variation of control signal.
The minimum opening time Δ t of these equipment is got by experiment or equipment and controller parameteronClosed with minimum
Time Δ toffRespectively Δ ton1=Δ toff1=1s, active reduction Uncertainty Δ PU%For ± 10%, which illustrates reality
Response and it is expected that response between deviation.The scope of this area's power grid historical frequency magnitude is 0.1~0.3, then falls frequency
The maximum 0.3 for falling amount corresponds to the peak response capacity 0.15 of power grid friendly equipment, and 5 are marked off according to 0.05 magnitude
Section is responded, active power is influenced to account for the ratio of peak response capacity to represent that equipment responds with " active abatement ratio "
Example, each active attenuation ratio difference 10% for responding section, then set stepped frequency response area according to the method for embodiment 1
Between it is as shown in table 1 below：
1 frequency threshold of table and active cut down respond interval table
When the frequency of occurrences is fallen, the frequency in control device sampling power grid in power grid friendly equipment, and base
Responded in default stepped response section.The results are shown in Figure 3 after response, and visible response process experience is multiple in Fig. 3 (a)
Responsive state is changed, and over control, frequency jitter process are more violent twice for appearance；Generated power in Fig. 3 (b) is contributed
There is also certain dither process；It can be seen that power grid friendly equipment falls situation response capacity list according to frequency in Fig. 3 (c)
One.For there is a degree of overshoot problem, frequency response threshold value can be finely adjusted, suitably response section is moved down or subtracted
Capacity ratio is responded less.
Embodiment 3：
In the present embodiment, the scope of mains frequency magnitude is 0.05-0.4, passes through experiment or equipment and controller parameter
Get minimum opening time Δ tonWith minimum shut-in time Δ toff, minimum opening time Δ tonWith minimum shut-in time Δ
toffIt is smaller to think that the speed for adjusting response is faster, if the summation of the peak response capacity of all devices is 0.15MW, each cluster
Peak response capacity is 0.05MW, and control signal delay Δ t is obtained by communication system parametercFor 0~0.1s, response parameter is such as
Table 2：
23 GFD clusters of table participate in chirp parameter table
From Table 2, it can be seen that will may participate in the present embodiment in power grid all power grid friendly equipment of frequency modulation according to
Minimum opening time Δ tonWith minimum shut-in time Δ toffIt is divided into 3 clusters, fastest, the cluster of the adjustment response of cluster 1
2 take second place, and the speed of the adjustment response of cluster 3 is most slow.
When the frequency of occurrences is fallen, the frequency in sampler device sampling power grid in cluster, three clusters are according to division
Good response section is responded, and the adjustment faster power grid friendly device clusters response frequency magnitude of response speed is less
Section, and adjust the larger section of the slower power grid friendly device clusters response frequency magnitude of response speed.In table 1,
For cluster 1, it is responded in the scope that frequency magnitude is 0.05-0.25, and cluster 2 is 0.1-0.3 in frequency magnitude
Scope responded, cluster 3 frequency magnitude be 0.18-0.4 scope responded.When frequency magnitude is 0.05
When, the active abatement ratio that cluster 1 responds is 60%, and the active abatement ratio when frequency magnitude is 0.1 of cluster 2 is
60%, cluster 3 is then that active power abatement ratio is just 60% when frequency magnitude is 0.18, i.e., the response area of three clusters
Between it is different, the purpose for the arrangement is that in order to both can guarantee that when active power shortage occurs for power grid, power grid friendly equipment can be with
Make and responding rapidly to, while can guarantee that the working performance of equipment again, reduce the influence in itself to equipment.
The results are shown in Figure 4 after 3 GFD clusters responses, and the more single cluster of response process is gentle in Fig. 4 (a), only a small amount of
Overshoot, frequency change is relatively gentle, and general trend is relatively stable, and the generated power in Fig. 4 (b) is contributed also more gently, Fig. 4
(c) visible 3 power grid friendly device clusters fall the response of situation ladder according to frequency.
It the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that above implementation column does not form restriction, phase to the present invention
Close staff in the range of without departing from the technology of the present invention thought, carried out it is various change and modifications, all fall within the present invention
Protection domain in.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of power grid friendly equipment participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
(1) determine to may participate in the power grid friendly equipment of power grid frequency modulation in power grid；
(2) in obtaining step (1) power grid friendly equipment response characteristic, response characteristic includes：Response speed, change operation shape
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that state must be undergone；
(3) determined according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic between the frequency variation of power grid and active power shortage
Relation；
(4) for a certain power grid friendly equipment, by the peak response capacity of the equipment and area power grid history occurrence frequency
Maximum magnitude corresponds to, and determines frequency magnitude and responds the quantitative relation between capacity, with frequency magnitude division power grid friend
The response section of good type equipment, corresponding response capacity is corresponded in each response section；
(5) in response process, power grid friendly equipment all needs detection timer in each response action, when the frequency of power grid
Magnitude increases, and the time of the unlatching timer record of the equipment is more than its minimum opening time then according to the response at this time
Do closing response in section；When the reduction of frequency magnitude, and the time of the shut-off timer record of the equipment is more than the equipment at this time
The minimum turn-off time then according to it is described response section do unlatching response.
2. power grid friendly equipment according to claim 1 participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that step
(1) power grid friendly equipment may participate in the condition of power grid frequency modulation and include in：Allow authority with user, be able to detect that in power grid
The change of frequency and second level response speed.
3. power grid friendly equipment according to claim 1 participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that described
Peak response capacity refers to that power grid friendly equipment can be used for the maximum of the active power consumption of response.
4. a kind of power grid friendly equipment participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
(1) determine to may participate in the power grid friendly equipment of power grid frequency modulation in power grid；
(2) in obtaining step (1) power grid friendly equipment response characteristic, response characteristic includes：Response speed, change operation shape
Minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time and the peak response capacity that state must be undergone；Fallen according to default mains frequency
The scope for falling amount carries out minimum opening time, the minimum turn-off time that these equipment must be undergone according to operating status is changed
Packet transaction forms different device clusters；
(3) determined according to mains frequency response and unit frequency modulation characteristic between the frequency variation of power grid and active power shortage
Relation；
(4) different response sections is set for each device clusters according to the maximum magnitude of area power grid history occurrence frequency,
Each response section corresponds to corresponding response capacity, forms ladder response modes；
(5) in response process, each device clusters need detection timer in each response action, when the frequency of power grid is fallen
Fall amount increase, and the time of the unlatching timer record of the device clusters is more than the minimum opening time in the device clusters at this time
Then the device clusters do closing response to maximum according to the response section；When frequency magnitude is reduced, and equipment collection at this time
The time of the shut-off timer record of group is more than the maximum of minimum turn-off time device clusters in the device clusters according to institute
State response section and do unlatching response.
5. power grid friendly equipment according to claim 4 participates in the control method of power grid frequency modulation, it is characterised in that step
(4) in set respond section when, according to the scope of the default mains frequency magnitude, for the minimum opening time, most
It is relatively low that small its corresponding frequency of turn-off time less device clusters falls value, for minimum opening time, minimum turn-off time
It is higher that its corresponding frequency of longer device clusters falls value.
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| CN102983589A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-03-20 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Control method of grid friendly type distributed power source based on hybrid energy storage |
| CN104993478A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-21 | 华南理工大学 | Offline operation control method suitable for user-side microgrid |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102983589A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-03-20 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Control method of grid friendly type distributed power source based on hybrid energy storage |
| CN104993478A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-21 | 华南理工大学 | Offline operation control method suitable for user-side microgrid |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 电网友好型空调负荷的主动响应策略研究;张志丹 等;《中国电机工程学报》;20140905;第34卷(第25期);第4207-4218页 * |
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