CN107317345A - It is a kind of to be electrolysed the method that type load participates in island network FREQUENCY CONTROL - Google Patents
It is a kind of to be electrolysed the method that type load participates in island network FREQUENCY CONTROL Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
-
- H02J3/382—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention belongs to operation and control of electric power system technical field, more particularly to a kind of method for being electrolysed type load participation island network FREQUENCY CONTROL, realize that system frequency is adjusted by electrolytic aluminium load control system, electrolytic aluminium load control system includes network control unit NCU, dead zone unit, scaling unit, WASHOUT units and clipping unit；Scaling unit and WASHOUT unit is in parallel, and one end is sequentially connected dead zone unit and network control unit NCU, other end connection clipping unit；Network control unit NCU connection island network systems, clipping unit is connected with WAMS controls main website；Specifically include following steps：1st, island network system model is set up；2nd, the control logic of electrolytic aluminium load governor under different capacity perturbation mode is designed；3rd, the parameter of electrolytic aluminium load governor under different capacity perturbation mode is designed.This method utilizes the hot accumulation of energy characteristic of electrolytic aluminium load, realizes the effective power adjusting of electrolytic aluminium load, maintains system frequency stable.
Description
Technical field
Isolated electricity is participated in the invention belongs to operation and control of electric power system technical field, more particularly to a kind of electrolysis type load
The method of net FREQUENCY CONTROL.
Background technology
The pattern for constituting island network on-site elimination regenerative resource using highly energy-consuming load, thermoelectricity, regenerative resource is drawn
Played extensive concern, yet with the randomness and fluctuation and island network of regenerative resource itself inertia it is small, standby hold
Low defect is measured, as regenerative resource ratio is stepped up in island network, the island network frequency of the wind-powered electricity generation containing high permeability
It is stable to face significant challenge.
For the island network safe and stable operation problem of the regenerative resource containing high permeability, a kind of method is for local electricity
Net is equipped with energy storage device, but for including the local power net of centralized regenerative resource, its capacity is often as high as gigawatt
Rank, the capacity of conventional energy storage device is difficult to match.
Another method is the local spatial load forecasting ability of exploitation, load is participated in system frequency regulation, both at home and abroad to based on
The existing corresponding research of direct load control of the Commercial Loads such as HVAC, electrodynamic pump.However, Commercial Load, resident load are single
Capacity is smaller, and more dispersed, it is difficult to which large-scale aggregating is to stabilize the power swing of centralized regenerative resource.
The research that electrolytic aluminium load participates in system frequency control causes larger concern, but existing control method only pin
To the power disturbance of island network moment, it is difficult to solve the problems, such as the continuous power disturbance of island network.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of control structure that FREQUENCY CONTROL is participated in based on electrolytic aluminium, different capacity is devised
Disturb the control logic and the computational methods of control parameter of controller under scene.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：One kind electrolysis type load participates in island network frequency
The method of control, realizes that system frequency is adjusted by electrolytic aluminium load control system, electrolytic aluminium load control system includes net
Network control unit NCU, dead zone unit, scaling unit, WASHOUT units and clipping unit；Scaling unit and
WASHOUT units are in parallel, and one end is sequentially connected dead zone unit and network control unit NCU, other end connection clipping unit；Net
Network control unit NCU connection island network systems, clipping unit is connected with WAMS controls main website；Specifically include following steps：
Step 1, set up island network system model；
The control logic of electrolytic aluminium load governor under step 2, design different capacity perturbation mode；
The parameter of electrolytic aluminium load governor under step 3, design different capacity perturbation mode.
In above-mentioned electrolysis type load participates in the method for island network FREQUENCY CONTROL, the realization of step 1 includes：
Step 1.1 obtains electrolytic aluminium load power-voltage mathematical modeling by setting up electrolytic aluminium load topological structure；Tool
Body step is as follows：
1) electrolytic aluminium load topological structure is equivalent to counter electromotive force E and equivalent resistance R series connection, passes through rectifier bridge, saturation electricity
Anti- device and ULTC and ac bus connection；
2) electrolytic aluminium load active-power PASLWith DC voltage VBRelation is as follows：
3) electrolytic aluminium load DC side busbar voltage VBSide bus voltage V is exchanged with loadAHRelation such as formula (2)；
(2) V in formulaSRFor saturable reactor pressure drop, k is ULTC no-load voltage ratio；
4) load ac bus high side voltage is changed by changing generator voltage；According to voltage sensibility side
Method, obtains generator voltage knots modification Δ VGWith load ac bus high side voltage Δ VAHRelation, such as formula (3)；
ΔVAH=Ksens·ΔVG (3)
(3) in formula, KsensFor voltage sensibility coefficients of the bus i to bus j；
5) generator voltage variation delta V can be obtained by formula (2), (3)GWith load active power variation delta PASL's
Corresponding relation is：
ΔPASL=KASLΔVG (4)
(4) in formula, KASLProportionality coefficient is integrated for load；
Step 1.2 obtains the electric parameter of island network system, sets up the mathematical modeling of island network system, including thermoelectricity
DCgenerator motor field system, fired power generating unit speed regulator, fired power generating unit, transmission line, transformer, double-fed wind power generator, electrolytic aluminium is born
Lotus；
Each parameter of inertial element is obtained using least square curve fit, such as formula (5)；
ΔPASL(t)=- 0.054+0.054e-2.782t (5)
Write as the form of transmission function, such as formula (6)；
(6) in formula, KASLFor electrolytic aluminium load amplification coefficient；TASLFor electrolytic aluminium load active power time constant.
In above-mentioned electrolysis type load participates in the method for island network FREQUENCY CONTROL, the realization of step 2 includes：
Step 2.1 sets up electrolytic aluminium load closed-loop control system；
Electrolytic aluminium load closed-loop control system include routine WAMS systems, additional WAMS control main website, down going channel and
Network control unit NCU；Conventional WAMS systems include PMU substations, data feedback channel and WAMS main websites；WAMS main websites and PMU
Stand and communicated by ICP/IP protocol, realized to system data acquisition and status monitoring；WAMS controls main website to be used with PMU substations
Udp protocol is communicated, and directly obtains PMU substations quantity of state；WAMS controls main website calculates control parameter in real time, and is issued to net
Network control unit NCU；
Network control unit NCU is installed on generator excitation cabinet side, realizes the control to electrolytic aluminium load active power；
Access network control unit NCU output ports at generator excited system reference voltage summing point, are made with the frequency signal of collection
Inputted for feedback signal；When system emergent power is disturbed, frequency departure is acted on to fired power generating unit by network control unit NCU
Excitation system reference voltage summing point so that excitation voltage changes, so as to change electrolytic aluminium load AC voltage, is electrolysed
The adjusted imbalance power occurred with stabilizing system of aluminium load active power；
Step 2.2 designs electrolytic aluminium load governor control logic；
I) according to PMU substations information monitoring system power disturbance, system mode is judged；
II when) system mode is that instantaneous power is disturbed or continuous power is fluctuated, WAMS controls main website issues control parameter；
III local frequency signal) is gathered, WAMS controls main website communication state is judged；
IV) if WAMS controls main website communication state is normal, receive WAMS main websites parameter, update network control unit NCU
State modulator generator excitation voltage；
V) if main website communication state is abnormal, control parameter control generator is locally preserved using network control unit NCU
Excitation voltage.
In above-mentioned electrolysis type load participates in the method for island network FREQUENCY CONTROL, the realization of step 3 includes：
The scaling cell parameters design of step 3.1 electrolytic aluminium load governor；
Scaling unit provides steady state power support for system, and the power disturbance amount Δ P that system is produced includes electrolytic aluminium
Load Regulation amount Δ PASLregWith fired power generating unit Primary regulation amount Δ PGreg；Fired power generating unit Primary regulation amount changes with system frequency
Amount meets following formula：
(7) in formula：fNFor rated frequency, fregFor system frequency steady-state value, P after primary frequency modulationGNFor the specified work(of generating set
Rate, RGFor fired power generating unit difference coefficient；
Electrolytic aluminium Load Regulation amount and the relation of system frequency variable quantity meet following formula (8):
(8) in formula：ΔfASLLbFor load governor dead zone range, PASLNFor electrolytic aluminium load rated power, RASLFor electrolysis
The equivalent difference coefficient of aluminium load；
The power adjusting amount such as formula (9) that electrolytic aluminium load undertakes：
ΔPASLreg=Δ P- Δs PGreg (9)
(9) system power disturbance quantity Δ P is divided to for two kinds of situations calculating in formula；
A. under instantaneous power disturbance, system power disturbance quantity is Δ PS, then have formula (10):
Δ P=Δs PS (10)
B. under continuous power fluctuation, a period of time wind power maximum fluctuation amount Δ p is countedwindmax；The undulate quantity is made
For system power disturbance quantity Δ P, amplification coefficient K is calculatedP, then have formula (11):
Δ P=Δs Pwindmax (11)
The equivalent difference coefficient of electrolytic aluminium load is asked by formula (9), formula (10) and formula (11)：
Electrolytic aluminium load governor for acting on generator excited system, meets formula (13):
When electrolytic aluminium load active power variable quantity is Δ PASLregWhen, the variable quantity of fired power generating unit terminal voltage：
Rate mu-factor K is obtained by formula (13) and formula (14)P:
The design of step 3.2 electrolytic aluminium load governor WASHOUT cell parameters；
WASHOUT cell parameters are calculated by SFR models；
WASHOUT cell parameters TDActed on for high-pass filtering, typically choose 6-7s；
Δ f (s) and Δ PL(s) relation is：
(16) in formula：
(17) in formula, (18) formula, M is system equivalent inertia coefficient, and D is load damped coefficient, TD、TR、FH、KMTo generate electricity
Machine time constant, R is the sagging coefficient of dynamo governor；
Ignore the zero pole point away from the imaginary axis, formula (16) can be converted into：
(19) in formula, parameter z2,ζ,ωn,ωdIt can be calculated and obtained by the parameter of SFR models；
The Laplace transformation of the SFR model output signals under unit-step function effect is tried to achieve by formula (19)：
In formula (20)：
Inverse Laplace transformation is carried out to formula (20), obtained
(21) in formula：
It is assumed that tzMoment, system frequency excursion amount is maximum, and the slope of this moment frequency variation is zero, can obtain formula (22):
System frequency peak excursion time of occurrence t can be tried to achieve by formula (22)z, by adjusting WASHOUT units KDParameter,
Make system maximum frequency deviation amount Δ fdevmaxMaintain Δ fmaxWithin, therefore formula (23) can be obtained:
Can be in the hope of WASHOUT unit COEFFICIENT Ks by formula (22)-(23)D。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. load governor takes into full account the complex working condition of actual field, the commercial Application of load governor can be realized.
2. the disturbance of island network system instantaneous power and continuous power disturbance can be effectively recognized, to different disturbances certainly
It is dynamic to use different control models, the effective power adjusting of electrolytic aluminium load is realized, maintains system frequency stable.
3. carried out field test in industry spot, the experiment results proved validity of control method of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the invention combination aluminum electrolysis technology production principle, sets up electrolytic aluminium mathematical model of load；
Fig. 2 is the electrolytic aluminium load dynamic power matched curve that one embodiment of the invention is set up by measured data；
Fig. 3 is one embodiment of the invention electrolytic aluminium load governor topology diagram；
Fig. 4 is one embodiment of the invention electrolytic aluminium load governor control logic figure；
Fig. 5 (a) is that one embodiment of the invention tests leeward electric work in the closed-loop control for considering wind power rapid decrease
Rate curve map；
Fig. 5 (b) is one embodiment of the invention system frequency under the closed-loop control experiment for considering wind power rapid decrease
Rate change curve；
Fig. 6 (a) is one embodiment of the invention generator under the closed-loop control experiment for considering wind power rapid decrease
Terminal voltage change curve；
Fig. 6 (b) is that one embodiment of the invention load under the closed-loop control experiment for considering wind power rapid decrease is female
Line voltage change curve；
Fig. 7 (a) is one embodiment of the invention electrolytic aluminium under the closed-loop control experiment for considering wind power rapid decrease
Active power change curve；
Fig. 7 (b) is one embodiment of the invention generator under the closed-loop control experiment for considering wind power rapid decrease
Active power change curve；
Fig. 8 is one embodiment of the invention wind power change curve under the closed-loop control experiment for considering excision wind power plant
Figure；
Fig. 9 (a) is that one embodiment of the invention has load governor under the closed-loop control experiment for considering excision wind power plant
System frequency change curve；
Fig. 9 (b) is that one embodiment of the invention does not have spatial load forecasting under the closed-loop control experiment for considering excision wind power plant
Device system frequency change curve；
Figure 10 (a) is that one embodiment of the invention has load governor under the closed-loop control experiment for considering excision wind power plant
Electrolytic aluminium load active power change curve；
Figure 10 (b) is that one embodiment of the invention does not have spatial load forecasting under the closed-loop control experiment for considering excision wind power plant
Device electrolytic aluminium load active power change curve.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is achieved through the following technical solutions, and one kind electrolysis type load participates in island network FREQUENCY CONTROL
Method, realized by electrolytic aluminium load control system system frequency adjust, electrolytic aluminium load control system include network control
Unit NCU processed, dead zone unit, scaling unit, WASHOUT units and clipping unit；Scaling unit and WASHOUT are mono-
It is first in parallel, and one end is sequentially connected dead zone unit and network control unit NCU, other end connection clipping unit；Network control is single
First NCU connections island network system, clipping unit is connected with WAMS controls main website；Specifically include following steps：
Step 1, set up island network system model；
The control logic of electrolytic aluminium load governor under step 2, design different capacity perturbation mode；
The parameter of electrolytic aluminium load governor under step 3, design different capacity perturbation mode.
Further, the realization of step 1 includes：
Step 1.1 obtains electrolytic aluminium load power-voltage mathematical modeling by setting up electrolytic aluminium load topological structure；Tool
Body step is as follows：
1) electrolytic aluminium load topological structure is equivalent to counter electromotive force E and equivalent resistance R series connection, passes through rectifier bridge, saturation electricity
Anti- device and ULTC and ac bus connection；
2) electrolytic aluminium load active-power PASLWith DC voltage VBRelation is as follows：
3) electrolytic aluminium load DC side busbar voltage VBSide bus voltage V is exchanged with loadAHRelation such as formula (2)；
(2) V in formulaSRFor saturable reactor pressure drop, k is ULTC no-load voltage ratio；
4) load ac bus high side voltage is changed by changing generator voltage；According to voltage sensibility side
Method, obtains generator voltage knots modification Δ VGWith load ac bus high side voltage Δ VAHRelation, such as formula (3)；
ΔVAH=Ksens·ΔVG (3)
(3) in formula, KsensFor voltage sensibility coefficients of the bus i to bus j；
5) generator voltage variation delta V can be obtained by formula (2), (3)GWith load active power variation delta PASL's
Corresponding relation is：
ΔPASL=KASLΔVG (4)
(4) in formula, KASLProportionality coefficient is integrated for load；
Step 1.2 obtains the electric parameter of island network system, sets up the mathematical modeling of island network system, including thermoelectricity
DCgenerator motor field system, fired power generating unit speed regulator, fired power generating unit, transmission line, transformer, double-fed wind power generator, electrolytic aluminium is born
Lotus；
Each parameter of inertial element is obtained using least square curve fit, such as formula (5)；
ΔPASL(t)=- 0.054+0.054e-2.782t (5)
Write as the form of transmission function, such as formula (6)；
(6) in formula, KASLFor electrolytic aluminium load amplification coefficient；TASLFor electrolytic aluminium load active power time constant.
Further, the realization of step 2 includes：
Step 2.1 sets up electrolytic aluminium load closed-loop control system；
Electrolytic aluminium load closed-loop control system include routine WAMS systems, additional WAMS control main website, down going channel and
Network control unit NCU；Conventional WAMS systems include PMU substations, data feedback channel and WAMS main websites；WAMS main websites and PMU
Stand and communicated by ICP/IP protocol, realized to system data acquisition and status monitoring；WAMS controls main website to be used with PMU substations
Udp protocol is communicated, and directly obtains PMU substations quantity of state；WAMS controls main website calculates control parameter in real time, and is issued to net
Network control unit NCU；
Network control unit NCU is installed on generator excitation cabinet side, realizes the control to electrolytic aluminium load active power；
Access network control unit NCU output ports at generator excited system reference voltage summing point, are made with the frequency signal of collection
Inputted for feedback signal；When system emergent power is disturbed, frequency departure is acted on to fired power generating unit by network control unit NCU
Excitation system reference voltage summing point so that excitation voltage changes, so as to change electrolytic aluminium load AC voltage, is electrolysed
The adjusted imbalance power occurred with stabilizing system of aluminium load active power；
Step 2.2 designs electrolytic aluminium load governor control logic；
I) according to PMU substations information monitoring system power disturbance, system mode is judged；
II when) system mode is that instantaneous power is disturbed or continuous power is fluctuated, WAMS controls main website issues control parameter；
III local frequency signal) is gathered, WAMS controls main website communication state is judged；
IV) if WAMS controls main website communication state is normal, receive WAMS main websites parameter, update network control unit NCU
State modulator generator excitation voltage；
V) if main website communication state is abnormal, control parameter control generator is locally preserved using network control unit NCU
Excitation voltage.
Further, the realization of step 3 includes：
The scaling cell parameters design of step 3.1 electrolytic aluminium load governor；
Scaling unit provides steady state power support for system, and the power disturbance amount Δ P that system is produced includes electrolytic aluminium
Load Regulation amount Δ PASLregWith fired power generating unit Primary regulation amount Δ PGreg；Fired power generating unit Primary regulation amount changes with system frequency
Amount meets following formula：
(7) in formula：fNFor rated frequency, fregFor system frequency steady-state value, P after primary frequency modulationGNFor the specified work(of generating set
Rate, RGFor fired power generating unit difference coefficient；
Electrolytic aluminium Load Regulation amount and the relation of system frequency variable quantity meet following formula (8):
(8) in formula：ΔfASLLbFor load governor dead zone range, PASLNFor electrolytic aluminium load rated power, RASLFor electrolysis
The equivalent difference coefficient of aluminium load；
The power adjusting amount such as formula (9) that electrolytic aluminium load undertakes：
ΔPASLreg=Δ P- Δs PGreg (9)
(9) system power disturbance quantity Δ P is divided to for two kinds of situations calculating in formula；
A. under instantaneous power disturbance, system power disturbance quantity is Δ PS, then have formula (10):
Δ P=Δs PS (10)
B. under continuous power fluctuation, a period of time wind power maximum fluctuation amount Δ pwindmax is counted；By the undulate quantity
As system power disturbance quantity Δ P, amplification coefficient K is calculatedP, then have formula (11):
Δ P=Δs Pwindmax (11)
The equivalent difference coefficient of electrolytic aluminium load is asked by formula (9), formula (10) and formula (11)：
Electrolytic aluminium load governor for acting on generator excited system, meets formula (13):
When electrolytic aluminium load active power variable quantity is Δ PASLregWhen, the variable quantity of fired power generating unit terminal voltage：
Rate mu-factor K is obtained by formula (13) and formula (14)P:
The design of step 3.2 electrolytic aluminium load governor WASHOUT cell parameters；
WASHOUT cell parameters are calculated by SFR models；
WASHOUT cell parameters TDActed on for high-pass filtering, typically choose 6-7s；
Δ f (s) and Δ PL(s) relation is：
(16) in formula：
(17) in formula, (18) formula, M is system equivalent inertia coefficient, and D is load damped coefficient, TD、TR、FH、KMTo generate electricity
Machine time constant, R is the sagging coefficient of dynamo governor；
Ignore the zero pole point away from the imaginary axis, formula (16) can be converted into：
(19) in formula, parameter z2,ζ,ωn,ωdIt can be calculated and obtained by the parameter of SFR models；
The Laplace transformation of the SFR model output signals under unit-step function effect is tried to achieve by formula (19)：
In formula (20)：
Inverse Laplace transformation is carried out to formula (20), obtained
(21) in formula：
It is assumed that tzMoment, system frequency excursion amount is maximum, and the slope of this moment frequency variation is zero, can obtain formula (22):
System frequency peak excursion time of occurrence t can be tried to achieve by formula (22)z, by adjusting WASHOUT units KDParameter,
Make system maximum frequency deviation amount Δ fdevmaxMaintain Δ fmaxWithin, therefore formula (23) can be obtained:
Can be in the hope of WASHOUT unit COEFFICIENT Ks by formula (22)-(23)D。
When it is implemented, a kind of be electrolysed the method that type load participates in island network FREQUENCY CONTROL, comprise the following steps：
S1. island network system modelling step：Electrolytic aluminium load topological structure is obtained, electrolytic aluminium load power-electricity is set up
Press mathematical modeling；Island network electric parameter is obtained, the mathematical modeling of island network system, including fired power generating unit excitation system is set up
System, fired power generating unit speed regulator, fired power generating unit, transmission line, transformer, double-fed wind power generator, electrolytic aluminium load is counted in real time
The simulation model of the island network system is built in word analogue system (RTDS).
S2. the topological structure of electrolytic aluminium load governor is designed.With reference to the wind power wave characteristic of the island network, press
According to the support of transient process power and the topological structure of steady-state process power supported design controller.The topological structure of controller point
For scaling part, power support is mainly provided in steady-state process；WASHOUT parts, are mainly provided in transient process
Power is supported.
S3. the action logic of electrolytic aluminium load governor in the case of different disturbances is designed.Electrolytic aluminium load governor can
The power disturbance that automatic recognition system occurs, is divided into instantaneous power disturbance and continuous power disturbance.Under different capacity perturbation mode,
Electrolytic aluminium load governor control parameter is differed.Meanwhile, electrolytic aluminium load governor possesses local control and On-line Control work(
Energy.When communicating normal, electrolytic aluminium load governor uses On-line Control function；When communication abnormality, electrolytic aluminium spatial load forecasting
Device uses local control model.
S4. the parameter of electrolytic aluminium load governor under different capacity perturbation mode is designed.Disturbed when instantaneous power occurs in system
When dynamic, the scaling part of electrolytic aluminium load governor and WASHOUT parts collective effect are measured according to WAMS
The imbalance power that system is produced, calculates the regulation power that fired power generating unit and electrolytic aluminium load governor undertake.And then calculate
The parameter KP of scaling part.The parameter that a certain limit value calculates WASHOUT parts is more than according to system frequency maximum offset.
When continuous power fluctuation occurs in system, scaling partial parameters, WASHOUT parts are calculated according to history wind power data
It is failure to actuate in this mode.
S5. designed electrolytic aluminium load governor is carried out to having a competition in RTDS emulation platforms and industry spot respectively
Test, examine control effect of the load governor in the case where wind power transient-upset and wind power are continuously fluctuated.
Further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
First, electrolytic aluminium load modeling
Electrolytic aluminium load is heat accumulating type load, and power adjusting speed is fast, can provide dynamic power for island network system
Support.Electrolytic aluminium load can be equivalent to counter electromotive force E and equivalent resistance R series connection, by rectifier bridge, saturable reactor and have load
Adjustable transformer and ac bus connection, equivalent circuit diagram are as shown in Figure 1.
Electrolytic aluminium load active-power PASLWith DC voltage VBRelation is as follows：
Electrolytic aluminium load DC side busbar voltage VBSide bus voltage V is exchanged with loadAHRelation such as formula (2):
V in formulaSRFor saturable reactor pressure drop, k is ULTC no-load voltage ratio.
Because each bus electrical distance of island network is small, load can be changed by changing the method for generator voltage
Ac bus high side voltage.According to voltage sensibility method, generator voltage knots modification Δ V can be obtainedGHanded over load
Flow bus high side voltage Δ VAHRelation, such as formula (3).
ΔVAH=Ksens·ΔVG (3)
Wherein, KsensFor voltage sensibility coefficients of the bus i to bus j.
By formula (2) and formula (3), generator voltage variation delta V can be obtainedGWith load active power variation delta
PASLCorresponding relation.
ΔPASL=KASLΔVG (4)
Wherein, KASLProportionality coefficient is integrated for load.
When thick line is the generator voltage generation -0.15p.u. of field measurement step in Fig. 2, electrolytic aluminium load is active
The change curve of power.As seen from the figure, there is an obvious inertial element in electrolytic aluminium load dynamic response.Using one order inertia
Link describes the dynamic response of electrolytic aluminium load, each parameter of inertial element is obtained using least square curve fit, such as
Fine rule is matched curve in formula (5), Fig. 2.
ΔPASL(t)=- 0.054+0.054e-2.782t (5)
Write as the form of transmission function, as shown in formula (6).
In formula, KASLFor electrolytic aluminium load amplification coefficient；TASLFor electrolytic aluminium load active power time constant.
2nd, electrolytic aluminium load governor Topology Structure Design
Electrolytic aluminium load long term frequent, which participates in system frequency regulation, certain influence is produced to Aluminum Electrolysis Production efficiency, needs
The control range of electrolytic aluminium load is limited.In addition, as shown in Figure 2, electrolytic aluminium load dynamic response is faster than thermal motor
Group primary frequency modulation, should provide more power supports in the transient process that frequency is adjusted.It is special according to the dynamic of electrolytic aluminium load
Property, electrolytic aluminium load governor is devised, its logic diagram is as shown in Figure 3.Load governor include scaling unit,
WASHOUT units and dead zone unit and clipping unit.
Dead zone unit realizes the locking to electrolytic aluminium load governor, when system is under normal operation, system
Frequency departure is smaller, and dead zone unit locking load governor is only adjusted by fired power generating unit primary frequency modulation.
High-pass filtering characteristic is presented in WASHOUT units, only when system is in an emergency, and causes frequency acute variation,
Transient power support is provided.When frequency retrieval is steady, WASHOUT unit declines.Pass through WASHOUT unit control parameters
KD, the maximum variable quantity of system frequency can be reduced, prevents system frequency from declining too low.
Scaling unit is functionally similar to fired power generating unit primary frequency modulation coefficients R, common with fired power generating unit primary frequency modulation
Steady state power support is provided for system.By controlling ratio amplifying unit, system primary frequency modulation spare capacity can be improved.
3rd, electrolytic aluminium load governor control logic
The following is the electrolytic aluminium load closed-loop control system applied to scene.The closed-loop control system is in conventional WAMS systems
On the basis of (including PMU substations, data feedback channel and WAMS main websites), additional WAMS controls main website, down going channel and network
Control unit NCU.
Conventional WAMS main websites are communicated with PMU by ICP/IP protocol, are realized to system data acquisition and status monitoring function.
WAMS controls main website is communicated with PMU using udp protocol, directly obtains PMU substations quantity of state.WAMS control main websites include height
Level application, calculates control parameter, and be issued to network control unit NCU in real time according to system mode.
Network control unit NCU is installed on generator excitation cabinet side, realizes the control to electrolytic aluminium load active power.Net
Network control unit NCU possesses frequency signal collection and the function of main website real-time communication is controlled with WAMS, and possesses independent logical fortune
Calculation ability, can be converted to digital quantity physical quantity output.The access network at generator excited system reference voltage summing point
Control unit NCU output ports, are inputted using the frequency signal of collection as feedback signal.When system emergent power is disturbed, frequency
Rate deviation is acted on to fired power generating unit excitation system reference voltage summing point by network control unit NCU so that excitation voltage is sent out
Raw to change, so as to change electrolytic aluminium load AC voltage, electrolytic aluminium load active power is adjusted to be occurred with stabilizing system
Imbalance power.
To improve closed-loop control system reliability, use based on local control, the control model supplemented by On-line Control, this
Ground plant network control unit NCU includes primary control logic, controls still to be able to independently in the case of main website communicating interrupt with WAMS
Complete local closed-loop control.WAMS controls main website according to system running state online modification network control unit NCU control parameters,
Optimize closed-loop control system effect.Control logic based on electrolytic aluminium load real-time closed-loop control system is as shown in Figure 4.
4th, electrolytic aluminium load governor parameter designing
4.1. the scaling cell parameters design of electrolytic aluminium load governor
Scaling unit provides steady state power support for system.The power disturbance amount Δ P that system is produced is born by electrolytic aluminium
Lotus regulation Δ PASLregWith fired power generating unit Primary regulation Δ PGregShared.Fired power generating unit Primary regulation amount becomes with system frequency
Change amount meets following formula：
Wherein：fNFor rated frequency, fregFor system frequency steady-state value, P after primary frequency modulationGNFor rated output of generating set,
RGFor fired power generating unit difference coefficient.
Electrolytic aluminium Load Regulation amount and the relation of system frequency variable quantity meet following formula (8):
Wherein：ΔfASLLbFor load governor dead zone range, PASLNFor electrolytic aluminium load rated power, RASLFor electrolytic aluminium
The equivalent difference coefficient of load.
Shown in the power adjusting amount such as formula (9) that electrolytic aluminium load undertakes：
ΔPASLreg=Δ P- Δs PGreg (9)
System power disturbance quantity Δ P is divided to be calculated for two kinds of situations.
I) under instantaneous power disturbance, the power disturbance that can be produced using real-time monitoring system with monitoring system is directly obtained
System power disturbance quantity Δ P, in this case system power disturbance quantity be designated as Δ PS, then have formula (10):
Δ P=Δs PS (10)
Ii under) wind power is continuously fluctuated, wind power undulate quantity is difficult to real-time measuring and calculating, with wind power historical variations number
According to for foundation, statistics a period of time wind power maximum fluctuation amount Δ Pwindmax.The undulate quantity is disturbed as system power
Δ P is measured, amplification coefficient K is calculatedP, then have formula (11):
Δ P=Δs Pwindmax (11)
The equivalent difference coefficient of electrolytic aluminium load is asked by formula (9), formula (10) and formula (11)：
Electrolytic aluminium load governor for acting on generator excited system, meets formula (13):
When electrolytic aluminium load active power variable quantity is Δ PASLregWhen, the variable quantity of fired power generating unit terminal voltage：
Rate mu-factor K is obtained by formula (13) and formula (14)P:
4.2. the design of electrolytic aluminium load control system WASHOUT units
WASHOUT units only provide transient power support when system frequency change is rapid, reduce maximum frequency deviation amount.
WASHOUT cell parameters can be calculated by SFR models.
It is assumed that the people having the same aspiration and interest response that all generators change to system loading, and they are equivalent for a machine.In addition, for
Such isolated power, Automatic Generation Control is not put into, therefore will not consider in SFR models the effect of frequency modulation frequency modulation.
Prime mover of all generators in studied island network is reheat turbine.When being responded due to fired power generating unit speed regulator
Between it is very fast, SFR models will ignore fired power generating unit speed regulator dynamic response process.WASHOUT cell parameters TDMake for high-pass filtering
With according to engineering experience, typically choosing 6-7s；
Δ f (s) and Δ PL(s) relation is shown below：
Wherein：
In formula, M is system equivalent inertia coefficient, and D is load damped coefficient, TD、TR、FH、KMFor generator time constant, R
For the sagging coefficient of dynamo governor.
Because the system has the zero pole point away from the imaginary axis, ignore the zero pole point away from the imaginary axis, formula (16) can be turned to as
Shown in lower：
In formula, parameter z2,ζ,ωn,ωdIt can be calculated and obtained by the parameter of SFR models.
The Laplace transformation of the SFR model output signals under unit-step function effect is tried to achieve by formula (19)：
Wherein：
Inverse Laplace transformation is carried out to formula (20), obtained
Wherein：
It is assumed that tzMoment, system frequency excursion amount is maximum, and the slope of this moment frequency variation is zero, can obtain formula (22):
System frequency peak excursion time of occurrence t can be tried to achieve by formula (22)z, by adjusting WASHOUT units KDParameter,
Make system maximum frequency deviation amount Δ fdevmaxMaintain Δ fmaxWithin, therefore formula (23) can be obtained:
Can be in the hope of WASHOUT unit COEFFICIENT Ks by formula (22)-(23)D。
Five examples and emulation
Deploy research below based on domestic a certain actual island network.
Example 1：Consider the closed-loop control experiment of wind power rapid decrease；
The output of wind electric field of initial time is 61MW.Human intervention, the active power output of wind power plant are carried out to wind power
30MW was reduced in 30 seconds, shown in active power output curve such as Fig. 5 (a) of wind power plant.After closed-loop control system is put into, system
Shown in frequency variation curve such as Fig. 5 (b).Shown in solid in generator voltage change curve such as Fig. 6 (a), electrolytic aluminium load is female
It is shown in solid in line voltage change curve such as Fig. 6 (b).It is shown in solid in electrolytic aluminium load active power such as Fig. 7 (a).Thermoelectricity
It is shown in solid in the active power such as Fig. 7 (b) of unit.Because fired power generating unit and electrolytic aluminium load have stabilized wind power jointly
Disturbance, system frequency is finally stable in 49.81Hz, and system keeps stable operation.
Test as a comparison, when closed-loop control system is not put into, system frequency, generator voltage, load bus electricity
Dotted line in pressure, the response curve such as Fig. 5 (b) of load active power and fired power generating unit active power output, 6 (a) (b), 7 (a) (b)
It is shown.The frequency response curve represented by solid line and dotted line in comparison diagram 5 (b), it can be seen that the control method energy proposed
Enough effectively control electrolytic aluminium loads participate in the FREQUENCY CONTROL of island network, share the primary frequency modulation pressure of fired power generating unit, significantly change
The frequency response characteristic of kind island network.
Example 2：Consider the closed-loop control experiment of excision wind power plant；
The effect of system frequency control is participated in when occurring for access control system large disturbances, has carried out cutting off wind power plant
Field test.Consider the danger of field test, the contrast test that electrolytic aluminium load is not involved in FREQUENCY CONTROL is used based on RTDS
Hardware-in-loop simulation simulation.Wind power plant active power output 30MW, wind power plant is cut off in t=5s, as shown in Figure 8 before excision.Wind
Electrical power mutation causes system frequency to decline rapidly, in the presence of closed-loop control system, the active rapid adjustment of electrolytic aluminium load
Auto response system frequency is fallen, so as to provide active support for system, its active power declines 30MW, Neng Gou in 3s
Enough active supports are provided in transient process, as shown in Figure 10 (a) block curve.Then, fired power generating unit primary frequency modulation
Gradually play a role, assume responsibility for Partial Power adjustment amount, finally under the common response of fired power generating unit and electrolytic aluminium load, system
Frequency stabilization is in 49.9Hz or so.The emulation examination of identical operating mode has been carried out in the hardware-in-loop simulation platform based on RTDS simultaneously
Test.The system frequency response curve of hardware in loop platform emulation when control method puts into and exited, respectively as in Fig. 9 (a), (b)
Dotted line shown in.As can be seen that in the case where boundary condition and failure set all same, what emulation was obtained is from Fig. 9 (a)
System frequency response curve can accurately simulate the frequency response curve of field measurement.If not putting into closed-loop control system
System, electrolytic aluminium load power will not response system frequency change, as shown in the dashed curve in Fig. 9 (b).Although the frequency of system
Rate is not collapsed finally in the presence of fired power generating unit primary frequency modulation, but compared with the scene that control method is put into, system frequency
There is larger skew, frequency is minimum to have decreased to 49.5Hz, shown in such as Fig. 9 (b).For larger power disturbance, frequency declines
It is too low low frequency load shedding equipment to be triggered to act.
In summary, the control method of the present embodiment can be the stability study with above-mentioned island network similar system
Formulate and offered reference with verification with control strategy.
It should be appreciated that the part that this specification is not elaborated belongs to prior art.
Although describing the embodiment of the present invention above in association with accompanying drawing, those of ordinary skill in the art should
Understand, these are merely illustrative of, and various deformation or modification can be made to these embodiments, without departing from the original of the present invention
Reason and essence.The scope of the present invention is only limited by the claims that follow.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of be electrolysed the method that type load participates in island network FREQUENCY CONTROL, it is characterised in that passes through electrolytic aluminium spatial load forecasting
System realizes that system frequency is adjusted, and electrolytic aluminium load control system includes network control unit NCU, dead zone unit, and ratio puts
Big unit, WASHOUT units and clipping unit；Scaling unit and WASHOUT unit is in parallel, and one end is sequentially connected dead band
Unit and network control unit NCU, other end connection clipping unit；Network control unit NCU connection island network systems, amplitude limit
Unit is connected with WAMS controls main website；Specifically include following steps：
Step 1, set up island network system model；
The control logic of electrolytic aluminium load governor under step 2, design different capacity perturbation mode；
The parameter of electrolytic aluminium load governor under step 3, design different capacity perturbation mode.
2. the method that electrolysis type load participates in island network FREQUENCY CONTROL as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1
Realization include：
Step 1.1 obtains electrolytic aluminium load power-voltage mathematical modeling by setting up electrolytic aluminium load topological structure；Specific step
It is rapid as follows：
1) electrolytic aluminium load topological structure is equivalent to counter electromotive force E and equivalent resistance R series connection, passes through rectifier bridge, saturable reactor
With ULTC and ac bus connection；
2) electrolytic aluminium load active-power PASLWith DC voltage VBRelation is as follows：
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3) electrolytic aluminium load DC side busbar voltage VBSide bus voltage V is exchanged with loadAHRelation such as formula (2)；
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(2) V in formulaSRFor saturable reactor pressure drop, k is ULTC no-load voltage ratio；
4) load ac bus high side voltage is changed by changing generator voltage；According to voltage sensibility method, obtain
To generator voltage knots modification Δ VGWith load ac bus high side voltage Δ VAHRelation, such as formula (3)；
ΔVAH=Ksens·ΔVG (3)
(3) in formula, KsensFor voltage sensibility coefficients of the bus i to bus j；
5) generator voltage variation delta V can be obtained by formula (2), (3)GWith load active power variation delta PASLCorrespondence pass
System is：
ΔPASL=KASLΔVG (4)
(4) in formula, KASLProportionality coefficient is integrated for load；
Step 1.2 obtains the electric parameter of island network system, sets up the mathematical modeling of island network system, including fired power generating unit
Excitation system, fired power generating unit speed regulator, fired power generating unit, transmission line, transformer, double-fed wind power generator, electrolytic aluminium load；
Each parameter of inertial element is obtained using least square curve fit, such as formula (5)；
ΔPASL(t)=- 0.054+0.054e-2.782t (5)
Write as the form of transmission function, such as formula (6)；
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(6) in formula, KASLFor electrolytic aluminium load amplification coefficient；TASLFor electrolytic aluminium load active power time constant.
3. the method that electrolysis type load participates in island network FREQUENCY CONTROL as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2
Realization include：
Step 2.1 sets up electrolytic aluminium load closed-loop control system；
Electrolytic aluminium load closed-loop control system includes routine WAMS systems, additional WAMS controls main website, down going channel and network
Control unit NCU；Conventional WAMS systems include PMU substations, data feedback channel and WAMS main websites；WAMS main websites lead to PMU substations
ICP/IP protocol communication is crossed, is realized to system data acquisition and status monitoring；WAMS controls main website to be assisted with PMU substations using UDP
View is communicated, and directly obtains PMU substations quantity of state；WAMS controls main website calculates control parameter in real time, and is issued to network control
Unit NCU processed；
Network control unit NCU is installed on generator excitation cabinet side, realizes the control to electrolytic aluminium load active power；Generating electricity
Access network control unit NCU output ports at machine excitation system reference voltage summing point, using the frequency signal of collection as anti-
Feedback signal is inputted；When system emergent power is disturbed, frequency departure is acted on to fired power generating unit excitation by network control unit NCU
System reference voltage summing point so that excitation voltage changes, so as to change electrolytic aluminium load AC voltage, electrolytic aluminium is born
The adjusted imbalance power occurred with stabilizing system of lotus active power；
Step 2.2 designs electrolytic aluminium load governor control logic；
I) according to PMU substations information monitoring system power disturbance, system mode is judged；
II when) system mode is that instantaneous power is disturbed or continuous power is fluctuated, WAMS controls main website issues control parameter；
III local frequency signal) is gathered, WAMS controls main website communication state is judged；
IV) if WAMS controls main website communication state is normal, receive WAMS main websites parameter, update network control unit NCU parameters
Control generator excitation voltage；
V) if main website communication state is abnormal, control parameter control generator excitation is locally preserved using network control unit NCU
Voltage.
4. the method that electrolysis type load participates in island network FREQUENCY CONTROL as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3
Realization include：
The scaling cell parameters design of step 3.1 electrolytic aluminium load governor；
Scaling unit provides steady state power support for system, and the power disturbance amount Δ P that system is produced includes electrolytic aluminium load
Regulated quantity Δ PASLregWith fired power generating unit Primary regulation amount Δ PGreg；Fired power generating unit Primary regulation amount expires with system frequency variable quantity
Foot formula：
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(7) in formula：fNFor rated frequency, fregFor system frequency steady-state value, P after primary frequency modulationGNFor rated output of generating set, RG
For fired power generating unit difference coefficient；
Electrolytic aluminium Load Regulation amount and the relation of system frequency variable quantity meet following formula (8):
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(8) in formula：ΔfASLLbFor load governor dead zone range, PASLNFor electrolytic aluminium load rated power, RASLIt is negative for electrolytic aluminium
The equivalent difference coefficient of lotus；
The power adjusting amount such as formula (9) that electrolytic aluminium load undertakes：
ΔPASLreg=Δ P- Δs PGreg (9)
(9) system power disturbance quantity Δ P is divided to for two kinds of situations calculating in formula；
A. under instantaneous power disturbance, system power disturbance quantity is Δ PS, then have formula (10):
Δ P=Δs PS(10)；
B. under continuous power fluctuation, a period of time wind power maximum fluctuation amount Δ p is countedwindmax；It regard the undulate quantity as system
Power disturbance amount Δ P, calculates amplification coefficient KP, then have formula (11):
Δ P=Δs Pwindmax(11)；
The equivalent difference coefficient of electrolytic aluminium load is asked by formula (9), formula (10) and formula (11)：
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</msub>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;PP</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>12</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Electrolytic aluminium load governor for acting on generator excited system, meets formula (13):
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;f</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>P</mi>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>13</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
When electrolytic aluminium load active power variable quantity is Δ PASLregWhen, the variable quantity of fired power generating unit terminal voltage：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>g</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>P</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;P</mi>
<msup>
<mi>G</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</msup>
</msub>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>14</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Rate mu-factor K is obtained by formula (13) and formula (14)P:
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>P</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mi>N</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>15</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
The design of step 3.2 electrolytic aluminium load governor WASHOUT cell parameters；
WASHOUT cell parameters are calculated by SFR models；
WASHOUT cell parameters TDActed on for high-pass filtering, typically choose 6-7s；
Δ f (s) and Δ PL(s) relation is：
<mrow>
<mi>H</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>f</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;P</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>M</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>D</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>16</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
(16) in formula：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>P</mi>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>P</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>D</mi>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>D</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>D</mi>
</msub>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>17</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mi>M</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>F</mi>
<mi>H</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</msub>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>sT</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>18</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
(17) in formula, (18) formula, M is system equivalent inertia coefficient, and D is load damped coefficient, TD、TR、FH、KMFor generator time
Constant, R is the sagging coefficient of dynamo governor；
Ignore the zero pole point away from the imaginary axis, formula (16) can be converted into：
<mrow>
<mi>H</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>z</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&zeta;&omega;</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>19</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
(19) in formula, parameter z2,ζ,ωn,ωdIt can be calculated and obtained by the parameter of SFR models；
The Laplace transformation of the SFR model output signals under unit-step function effect is tried to achieve by formula (19)：
<mrow>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>f</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;P</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mi>s</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>B</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&zeta;&omega;</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&zeta;&omega;</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>20</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula (20)：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>B</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<mi>&zeta;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msubsup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<mi>&zeta;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msubsup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
<mo>)</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&zeta;&omega;</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<mi>&zeta;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msubsup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Inverse Laplace transformation is carried out to formula (20), obtained
(21) in formula：
It is assumed that tzMoment, system frequency excursion amount is maximum, and the slope of this moment frequency variation is zero, can obtain formula (22):
System frequency peak excursion time of occurrence t can be tried to achieve by formula (22)z, by adjusting WASHOUT units KDParameter, make be
Unite maximum frequency deviation amount Δ fdevmaxMaintain Δ fmaxWithin, therefore formula (23) can be obtained:
Can be in the hope of WASHOUT unit COEFFICIENT Ks by formula (22)-(23)D。
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| CN108565874A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of source lotus collaboration frequency modulation method based on LOAD FREQUENCY Controlling model |
| CN108808688A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | A kind of steady control cutting load method based on electrolytic aluminium control characteristic |
| CN110120676A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-13 | 国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | MMC-HVDC converter station Poewr control method and system based on simulation synchronous motor characteristic |
| CN110429619A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-11-08 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of disaster tolerance reaction method of the Demand-side frequency urgent control of ultra-large power grid |
| CN110492523A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-22 | 北京科东电力控制系统有限责任公司 | The low-frequency load shedding optimization method of the high accounting system of new energy |
| CN111258232A (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2020-06-09 | 北京华电天仁电力控制技术有限公司 | Fire-storage combined frequency modulation semi-physical simulation system |
| CN111864768A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 山东大学 | Control method and system for participation of electrolytic aluminum load in primary frequency modulation |
| CN112417792A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-02-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Electrolytic aluminum external characteristic modeling method based on controllable boundary of saturable reactor |
| CN112564128A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Control system and method for electrolytic aluminum load participating in power grid frequency modulation |
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| CN113141015A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-20 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Control method for electrolytic aluminum load participating in frequency modulation of transmission-end power grid |
| CN113162065A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-23 | 国网山东省电力公司 | Power grid frequency modulation method and system based on cooperative coordination between production loads |
| CN113258589A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-13 | 国网山东省电力公司 | Energy storage and electrolytic aluminum load polymerization frequency modulation method and device based on production operation |
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| CN114243731A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-03-25 | 武汉大学 | Controlled load damping factor controller and frequency modulation method adopting controller |
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| CN108565874A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of source lotus collaboration frequency modulation method based on LOAD FREQUENCY Controlling model |
| CN108565874B (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2020-02-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Source-load cooperative frequency modulation method based on load frequency control model |
| CN108808688A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-13 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | A kind of steady control cutting load method based on electrolytic aluminium control characteristic |
| CN108808688B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2021-07-02 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Stable control load shedding method based on electrolytic aluminum control characteristics |
| CN110120676A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-13 | 国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | MMC-HVDC converter station Poewr control method and system based on simulation synchronous motor characteristic |
| CN110492523A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-22 | 北京科东电力控制系统有限责任公司 | The low-frequency load shedding optimization method of the high accounting system of new energy |
| CN110429619A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-11-08 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of disaster tolerance reaction method of the Demand-side frequency urgent control of ultra-large power grid |
| CN110429619B (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2022-08-09 | 上海交通大学 | Disaster recovery reaction method for demand side frequency emergency control of super-large-scale power grid |
| CN111258232A (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2020-06-09 | 北京华电天仁电力控制技术有限公司 | Fire-storage combined frequency modulation semi-physical simulation system |
| CN111258232B (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2023-05-12 | 国能信控互联技术有限公司 | Fire-storage combined frequency modulation semi-physical simulation system |
| CN111864768A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 山东大学 | Control method and system for participation of electrolytic aluminum load in primary frequency modulation |
| CN112564128A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Control system and method for electrolytic aluminum load participating in power grid frequency modulation |
| CN112417792A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-02-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Electrolytic aluminum external characteristic modeling method based on controllable boundary of saturable reactor |
| CN112993987A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Active adjustable capacity cooperative electrolytic aluminum load coordination power grid control method |
| CN113162065A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-23 | 国网山东省电力公司 | Power grid frequency modulation method and system based on cooperative coordination between production loads |
| CN113141015A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-20 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Control method for electrolytic aluminum load participating in frequency modulation of transmission-end power grid |
| CN113141015B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2023-05-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Control method for electrolytic aluminum load to participate in frequency modulation of power grid at transmitting end |
| CN113258589A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-13 | 国网山东省电力公司 | Energy storage and electrolytic aluminum load polymerization frequency modulation method and device based on production operation |
| CN113765120A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-12-07 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Power grid frequency modulation method based on cooperative coordination of industrial park submerged arc furnace and polycrystalline silicon |
| CN114243731A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-03-25 | 武汉大学 | Controlled load damping factor controller and frequency modulation method adopting controller |
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