CN106053938B - The device and method that transient microwave frequency measures is realized using dual-polarization modulator - Google Patents
The device and method that transient microwave frequency measures is realized using dual-polarization modulator Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device and method carrying out transient microwave frequency measurement using dual-polarization modulator, which is related to microwave technical field and technical field of photo communication, is mainly used in the measurement of microwave signal frequency.The method is as shown in the picture, including light source, signal source, dual-polarization modulator, single mode optical fiber, coupler, Polarization Controller, the polarizer and photodetector.The microwave signal of the unknown frequency generated to signal source using dual-polarization modulator is modulated, and polarisation-multiplexed signal is obtained.By being divided into two-way after fibre-optical dispersion, keeps polarization state constant all the way, linear polarization signal is converted by Polarization Controller and the polarizer all the way.Photodetector detects two paths of signals, measures its performance number and establishes power comparison function.According to correspondence, so that it may wait for measured frequency to estimate.The polarization state that this programme changes signal all the way can adjust measurement range, realize that simple, high resolution and measurement error are small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photo communication and microwave technical field, relate generally to be based on dual-polarization in optical communication technique
Modulator (DPol-MZM) realizes the method that transient microwave frequency measures
Background technology
In electronic warfare and radar system, extraction frequency, amplitude etc. are various from the microwave signal that receiver is intercepted and captured in time
Characteristic parameter is most important.However, coming into operation with millimere-wave band (0.4-40GHz) signal, traditional electronic receiver
It is limited in bandwidth, and its is complicated, and bulky, easily by bottleneck problems such as electromagnetic interferences, urgent need will provide a kind of new
Solution.
Microwave photon technology has both the advantages of photon technology and microwave technology, can make up the deficiency of electronic device, is wink
When frequency measurement provide a big bandwidth, low-loss, jamproof solution.
The method that microwave photon technology carries out frequency measurement includes mainly three kinds：It is mapped based on frequency-amplitude；Based on frequency
Rate-time map；It is mapped based on frequency-space.Wherein frequency-amplitude, that is, frequency-power mapping, due to system structure is simple,
Frequency measurement range is big, high certainty of measurement and become research emphasis.The principle of this method is that microwave signal to be measured is modulated to light to carry
On wave, by certain light channel structure, obtain only related with microwave frequency to be measured power ratio function (amplitude comparison function,
ACF).By the one-to-one relationship of microwave frequency and power ratio function, microwave frequency to be measured can be calculated.
Currently, the frequency measurement technology of the method based on frequency-power mapping mainly utilizes intensity modulator, phase-modulation
Device or light polarization modulator, modulated signal obtains different power response curves by different dispersive mediums, to establish work(
Rate compares value function.
Invention content
In the presence of solving the problems, such as background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of utilization DPol-MZM realization Microwave Frequencies
The method that rate measures.This method has many advantages, such as that simple in structure, measurement range is big and adjustable, frequency-measurement accuracy is high.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Described device includes light source, signal source, dual-polarization
Modulator, coupler, the polarizer, Polarization Controller, single mode optical fiber and photodetector, wherein DPol-MZM are parallel by two
Mach increase Dare modulator MZM1 and MZM2 and tail portion polarization beam apparatus it is integrated；The output end of light source is modulated with dual-polarization
Device light input end is connected；The output end of signal source is connected with MZM1 rf inputs, and other prevention at radio-frequency port are unloaded；It is double inclined
The output end of modulator of shaking is connected with single mode optical fiber one end；The other end of single mode optical fiber is connected with coupler input；Coupler
An output end be connected with 1 input port of photodetector；Another output end of coupler and one end phase of Polarization Controller
Even；The other end of Polarization Controller is connected with the input port of the polarizer；The input of the output end and photodetector 2 of the polarizer
Port is connected；Photodetector 1 and photodetector 2 export two path signal.
The present invention includes the following steps at work：
(1) from laser send out wavelength be λ light wave as in carrier signal injection to DPol-MZM；
(2) in DPol-MZM, light carrier is divided into two-way, is separately input in MZM1 and MZM2, and signal source generates not
Know that the microwave signal of frequency is input to a rf inputs mouth of MZM1, other prevention at radio-frequency port no signals.It is V by amplitudeDC1's
DC voltage is linked into the direct-flow input end of MZM1, is V by amplitudeDC2DC voltage be linked into the direct-flow input end of MZM2.
(3) V is setDC1、VDC2Size, so that MZM1 and MZM2 is operated in maximum transmitted point.It is obtained in the output end of MZM1
The optical signal and light carrier modulated by microwave signal phase to be measured have to light carrier in the output end of MZM2；
(4) two paths of signals of MZM1 and MZM2 outputs is input to polarization beam apparatus and realizes polarization state orthogonalization, in DPol-
The output end of MZM obtains polarisation-multiplexed signal；
(5) output signal of DPol-MZM is linked into coupler after a single-mode fiber, and signal is divided by coupler
Two-way；
(6) signal is directly accessed photodetector 1 by road on, and photodetector 1 carries out the polarisation-multiplexed signal of input
Detection；
(7) signal is linked into photodetector 2 by road after Polarization Controller and the polarizer under.Polarization Controller and rise
Inclined device realizes conversion of the palarization multiplexing optical signal to linearly polarized light signal, and linearly polarized light signal is obtained in the output end of the polarizer.
Photodetector 2 is detected the linearly polarized light signal of input；
(8) it measures photodetector 1 and photodetector 2 exports the power of electric signal.The performance number that upper and lower rood is arrived
Microwave Frequency to be measured can be calculated according to power comparison function and the one-to-one relationship for waiting for Microwave Frequency Measurement rate by carrying out ratio calculation
Rate；
(9) power for changing the unknown microwave signal that signal source generates, repeats step 8；
(10) lower road Polarization Controller is adjusted to change the angle between the polarizer and the main shaft of dual-polarization modulator, is repeated
Step 8, the tuning of frequency measurement range is realized；
The present invention proposes a kind of novel microwave frequency measuring method, and the program utilizes DPol-MZM and one section of single-mode optics
Fibre realizes that microwave frequency to the mapping of power, has obtained ACF.In order to avoid the ambiguity of frequency measurement, choose from zero-frequency to
The monotony interval of first trap wave point position of ACF curves is as frequency measurement range.According to microwave frequency to be measured and power ratio
The one-to-one relationship of value realizes the measurement of microwave frequency.Present device is simple, has very strong practical operability.
Since Shang Lu and lower rood are to the power fading curve with near-complementary, the slope of ACF is precipitous, Measurement Resolution
It is high.
The maximum magnitude of frequency measurement depends on the position of Shang Lu and first trap wave point in lower road power fading curve.
Since upper road is fixed non-adjustable, adjust lower road Polarization Controller, the position of first trap wave point of lower road power fading curve with
Change, realize measurement range change.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the present invention realizes that microwave frequency is measured using DPol-MZM, and it is 5km's that Fig. 2, which is using length,
Single mode optical fiber experimental result picture, wherein：
(a) the one group of ACF curve graph obtained for different θ；
(b) be selecting frequency measurement range it is 2-28GHz, Shang Lu, lower road power curve and practical ACF, theory ACF figures；
(c) be selecting frequency measurement range it is 2-28GHz, when microwave signal power is -3dBm, measurement error figure；
(d) be selecting frequency measurement range it is 2-28GHz, when microwave signal power is -20dBm, measurement error figure；
Specific implementation mode：
It elaborates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the embodiment of the present invention：The present embodiment before being with technical solution of the present invention
It puts and is implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down
The embodiment of category：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the present invention realizes that microwave frequency is measured using DPol-MZM.Wherein DPol-MZM is used for letter
The unknown microwave signal of frequency that number source generates is modulated, and generates polarisation-multiplexed signal, color is introduced by the single mode optical fiber of 5km
After dissipating, it is directly accessed photodetector detection all the way, after being converted into linear polarization signal by Polarization Controller and the polarizer all the way,
Access photodetector is detected.The performance number that upper and lower two-way obtains is compared, ACF functions are obtained, according to correspondence
It calculates and waits for measured frequency.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, device includes：Light source, signal source, single mode optical fiber, coupler, rises DPol-MZM
Inclined device, Polarization Controller, photodetector, wherein dual-polarization modulator are by MZM1, the polarization beam apparatus composition of MZM2 and tail portion.
The output end of light source is connected with the input terminal of dual-polarization modulator；The output end of signal source and MZM1 rf inputs phase
Even；The output end of dual-polarization modulator is connected with the single mode optical fiber of one section of 5km, the other end of optical fiber and the input terminal phase of coupler
Even；One output port of coupler is connected with photodetector 1, another delivery outlet is followed by through Polarization Controller and the polarizer
Enter photodetector 2；It measures photodetector 1 and photodetector 2 exports the power of electric signal.The power that upper and lower rood is arrived
Value carries out ratio calculation can estimate microwave to be measured according to power comparison function and the one-to-one relationship for waiting for Microwave Frequency Measurement rate
Frequency.
In this example, specific microwave frequency measuring method and principle include the following steps：
Step 1：It is 1552nm that light source, which generates operation wavelength, and power is the continuous light wave of 11dBm, wherein by the work of light wave
It is denoted as ω as angular frequencyc, amplitude is denoted as E0, continuous light wave is input to DPol-MZM.
Step 2：The unknown microwave signal of the frequency that signal source generates is input to a rf inputs of MZM1,
Its prevention at radio-frequency port is not loaded with signal, and MZM1 and MZM2 are biased in maximum transmitted point.The signal of MZM1 outputs includes by letter to be measured
The optical signal and part light carrier of number phase-modulation.When measured signal is smaller, higher order term can be ignored, only retain single order ingredient.
It can be expressed as following formula：
The π of wherein Ω=2 fs, fsTo wait for that measured frequency, m are modulation index, Jn() is first kind n rank Bessel functions.MZM2
Output signal only include light carrier, following formula can be expressed as：
The output signal of MZM1 and MZM2 enters polarization beam apparatus and realizes polarization state orthogonalization, the output light letter of DPol-MZM
It number is represented by：
Step 3：By the output signal of DPol-MZM by length L be 5km, abbe number D be 17 × 10-6s/m2List
Mode fiber introduces dispersion measureThe signal of output is represented by：
Whereinβ2=-λ2D/2πc；
Step 4：The signal of optical fiber output is divided into two-way through coupler, upper road signal be directly accessed photodetector 1 into
Row detection, 1 output signal of photoelectric detector are represented by：
Wherein ξ is the responsiveness of photodetector.Lower road signal is after Polarization Controller and the polarizer, palarization multiplexing letter
Number it is converted into linear polarization signal, polarizer output signal is expressed as：
Wherein α is the angle of polarization beam apparatus main shaft and polarizer main shaft, and it is 75 ° that it is arranged in example, and θ is Polarization Control
The additional phase shift that device introduces.The output signal of the polarizer accesses photodetector 2, and the output signal of photoelectric detector 2 can indicate
For：
Step 5：The electric signal that photodetector 1 and photodetector 2 obtain is subjected to power measurement and carries out radiometer
It calculates, obtains the ACF curves with frequency dependence, following formula can be expressed as：
In order to avoid the ambiguity of frequency measurement, on ACF curves, choose from zero-frequency to first trap wave point position
As frequency measurement range.
Step 6：In example, maximum measurement range depend on upper and lower rood to power curve in occur first at first
The position of trap wave point.Upper rood to power curve be fixed, lower road changes angle, θ by adjusting Polarization Controller, real
The now movement of first trap wave point position of road power curve, to realize the tunable of frequency measurement range.As -180 °≤θ
≤ 0 °, first trap wave point f of lower road power curvemaxPosition be represented by：
Step 7：The power for changing the microwave signal that signal source generates is -20dB, repeats step 5.
Fig. 2 (a) is the one group of power ratio curve graph obtained under different angle θ.As can be seen from Figure, when θ is -0.27
When π, -0.4 π, -0.57 π, -0.72 π, measurement range is respectively 0-16GHz, 0-20GHz, 0-24GHz, 0-28GHz.By inclined
When the controller that shakes changes angle, θ, the tunable of frequency measurement range may be implemented.Fig. 2 (b) is that selecting frequency measurement range is 2-
When 28GHz, Shang Lu, lower road power curve and practical ACF and theory ACF figures.As can be seen that the power curve that rood arrives up and down
Near-complementary, so obtaining that the ACF slopes of curve are big, and measurement accuracy is very high.Simultaneously it can be seen that the ACF curves and reason that actually obtain
The ACF curve approximations of opinion coincide.Fig. 2 (c) is that selecting frequency measurement range is 2-28GHz, when microwave signal power is -3dBm,
Frequency measurement Error Graph.As can be seen that measurement error is in ± 0.3GHz.Fig. 2 (d) is that selecting frequency measurement range is 2-
28GHz, microwave signal power are -20dBm, measurement error figure.It, can compared with measurement error when microwave signal power is -3dB
To see error change unobvious, the power of frequency measurement and microwave signal is unrelated.
To sum up, the present invention realizes the frequency measurement range of 2-28GHz using dual-polarization modulator.Due to upper and lower two rood
The power curve near-complementary arrived, the obtained ACF slopes of curve are big, high certainty of measurement.By controlling the angle of Polarization Controller,
The polarization state for changing lower road signal, may be implemented the adjusting of measurement range.In practical engineering application, preferably divide to obtain
Resolution can reduce frequency measurement range.It adjusts simple, it is easy to accomplish.
In short, embodiments described above is only the embodiment of the present invention, not it is only used for limiting the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, can be in present disclosure
Make several equivalent deformations and replacement, the unlimited 5km of length of single mode optical fiber, if using the single mode optical fiber of 25km, the system
Frequency measurement ranging from 0-16GHz.In addition, the angle α of polarization beam apparatus main shaft and the polarizer is not limited to 75 °.These etc.
The range of the protection of the present invention is also mutually should be regarded as with replacement with deformation.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of device for realizing that transient microwave frequency is measured using dual-polarization modulator：Including light source, signal source, dual-polarization tune
Device, single mode optical fiber, the polarizer, coupler, Polarization Controller, the polarizer and photodetector processed, it is characterised in that：Dual-polarization
Modulator is arranged on the emitting light path of light source, and the output end of modulator is connected through one section of optical fiber with coupler, and the one of coupler
A output end is connected with photodetector 1, another output end is sequentially connected a Polarization Controller and the polarizer, the polarizer
Output end photodetector 2 in succession；
The dual-polarization modulator is integrated by the polarization beam apparatus of MZM1, MZM2 and tail portion, in dual-polarization modulator, light
The optical signal that source is sent out is divided into two-way, is respectively inputted in MZM1 and MZM2, and the microwave signal that signal source generates is input to
A rf inputs mouth of MZM1, other three prevention at radio-frequency port zero loads, MZM1 and MZM2 are biased in maximum transmitted point, MZM1
Output only exports light carrier by the optical signal signal of radiofrequency signal phase-modulation to be measured and light carrier, MZM2, by the inclined of tail portion
Shake beam splitter, realizes the polarization state orthogonalization of two paths of signals, and polarisation-multiplexed signal is obtained in dual-polarization modulator output end；
The dual-polarization modulator is connected after a single-mode fiber with coupler, and signal averaging is divided into two-way by coupler,
It is directly accessed photodetector 1 all the way, polarisation-multiplexed signal is converted by linear polarization by Polarization Controller and the polarizer all the way
Photodetector 2 is accessed after signal, obtains the different power response of two-way, and two-way power, which is compared to obtain power, compares letter
Number, according to measured frequency and the one-to-one relationship of power ratio is waited for, calculates and waits for measured frequency.
2. photonic propulsion transient microwave frequency measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The power that two-way obtains
The slope of response curve near-complementary, power comparison function is big, improves measurement accuracy.
3. photonic propulsion transient microwave frequency measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Change signal source to generate
The power of microwave signal to be measured, measurement result do not have significant change.
4. photonic propulsion transient microwave frequency measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By adjusting polarization control
Device processed can change frequency measurement range.
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