CN102928680B - Electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation - Google Patents
Electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102928680B CN102928680B CN201210424753.6A CN201210424753A CN102928680B CN 102928680 B CN102928680 B CN 102928680B CN 201210424753 A CN201210424753 A CN 201210424753A CN 102928680 B CN102928680 B CN 102928680B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation and belongs to the technical field of high-voltage measurement. The electric field measurement system comprises a control unit and a measurement unit, wherein the control unit comprises a laser source, a polarization controller, a detector and a processor; and the measurement unit comprises a sensor and a polarization beam splitter. According to the electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation, the laser polarization state is compensated in real time, so that a quiescent operation point of the sensor is locked to pi/2, and the electric field sensor has optimal performance; a 1/4 wave plate is not used, and the temperature stability of the electric field measurement system is guaranteed; and moreover, according to the measurement system, the polarization state is compensated in real time, and the adverse effects of temperature, vibration and other environmental factors on electro-optical crystal and optical fiber physical properties are overcome, so that the electric field measurement system can be applied to an outdoor severe environment, and the application range and occasions of the electric field measurement system are widened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation, can be applicable to, compared with the measuring high electric field in rugged surroundings, belong to high voltage measuring technical field.
Background technology
In the field such as high-voltage engineering and nuclear engineering, can produce very strong electric field, be electric-field sensor to it critical component measured, should meet following basic demand: wide frequency range, dynamic range is large; Spatial resolution is high, little etc. to the interference of former field.It should be noted that and be not limited only to laboratory environment to the measurement of highfield, major applications is in outdoor environment, needs the impact considering the environmental factor such as temperature, vibration, requires that sensor has higher stability.
Optical electric field sensor has bandwidth, disturbs the advantages such as little to former field, has been widely used in voltage, electric field measurement.In prior art based on the structural representation of the electric field measurement system of optical electric field sensor as shown in Figure 1.This measuring system comprises measuring unit 101 and control module 102, lays respectively in strong electric field environment and electromagnetic screen environment (as relay protection cell).The lasing light emitter 103 being positioned at control module produces linearly polarized light, transfers to collimation lens 105 by polarization maintaining optical fibre 104, and laser transfers to electric-field sensor 108 through the polarizer 106, quarter wave plate 107 after collimation lens focuses on.Electric-field sensor adopts the crystal with linear electro-optic effect (as LiNbO
3crystal, BGO crystal etc.), under the effect of external electrical field, the refractive index of crystal can change, thus produces polarization state modulation to the laser transmitted in crystal.The elliptical polarization signal exported from electric-field sensor enters polarization beam apparatus 109, and polarization state signal is converted to light intensity signal.Light intensity signal enters and exports single-mode fiber 111 after collimation lens 110 focuses on, and transfer to the detector 112 being positioned at control module, light intensity signal is converted into voltage signal.Electric field signal to be measured can be released according to the transport function of measuring system is counter after detectable voltage signals.
Quiescent point
to the transport function of measuring system, there is material impact, as shown in Figure 2.When
or during π, quiescent point is positioned at the zone of saturation of transport function, greatly reduce the sensitivity of measurement on the one hand, make measured waveform produce Severe distortion on the other hand.When
time, namely the polarization state of sensor Output of laser is circular polarization state, and quiescent point is positioned at the range of linearity of transport function, and measuring system has maximum sensitivity and linear input-output characteristic.Therefore, be quiescent point to the basic demand of optical electric field sensor
to equal or close to pi/2.
Mainly there are two defects in prior art: the quiescent bias point being produced pi/2 on the one hand by quarter wave plate 107, and the performance of quarter wave plate is very large by the impact of temperature, when the temperature is changed,
to pi/2 be departed from, and have a strong impact on the temperature stability of electric-field sensor, even caused the malfunctioning of device.On the other hand, electro-optic crystal has the additional physical influence such as thermoelectricity, Preset grating, and the range of application of electric-field sensor, by the stability of dramatic impact electric-field sensor, is limited in laboratory environment by the environmental factors such as temperature or light irradiation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation, by carrying out the FEEDBACK CONTROL of polarization state to input laser, the quiescent point of sensor is made to be locked as pi/2, measuring system is made to have optimum performance, eliminate environmental factor (temperature, vibration etc.) to the impact of measuring simultaneously, make the measurement that electric-field sensor is applicable to compared with electric field in rugged surroundings.
The electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation that the present invention proposes, comprises control module and measuring unit;
Described control module comprises:
Lasing light emitter, for generation of laser;
Polarization Controller, for receiving the laser of self-excitation light source, polarization state process being carried out to laser, obtaining satisfactory elliptical polarization laser, and elliptical polarization laser is transferred to measuring unit by input single-mode fiber, Polarization Controller is connected by inputting single-mode fiber with lasing light emitter;
Detector, for receiving the two-way light intensity signal from measuring unit, and is converted to two-way voltage signal respectively by two-way light intensity signal, and detector is connected by exporting single-mode fiber with measuring unit;
Processor, for receiving the two-way voltage signal from detector, according to the state criterion of the circular polarization state laser of setting, the voltage signal received is judged, according to judging that signal sends control signal to Polarization Controller, simultaneously according to voltage signal, calculate electric pulse field parameter, processor is connected by concentric cable with Polarization Controller with detector respectively;
Described measuring unit comprises:
Sensor, for receiving the laser from control module, when not having electric field action, sensor exports as circular polarization state laser, electric field to be measured is modulated circular polarization state laser, obtains the elliptical polarization laser comprising electric field information, and sensor is connected with control module by input single-mode fiber;
Polarization beam apparatus, the circular polarization state exported for receiving sensor or elliptical polarization laser, and making polarization state signal be converted into two-way light intensity signal, the input end of polarization beam apparatus is connected with sensor, and the output terminal of polarization beam apparatus is connected with control module by exporting single-mode fiber.
The electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation that the present invention proposes, its advantage is: electric field measurement system of the present invention, by the real-Time Compensation to laser polarization state, makes the quiescent point of sensor be locked as pi/2, makes electric-field sensor have optimum performance; Sensor in measuring system no longer adopts quarter wave plate, eliminates the impact of quarter wave plate on sensors temperature stability, ensure that the temperature stability of electric field measurement system; Measuring system of the present invention is by the real-Time Compensation of polarization state, overcome the harmful effect of the environmental factor such as temperature, vibration to electro-optic crystal, Optical Fiber Physical characteristic, make electric field measurement system can be applicable to open air comparatively in rugged environment, open up range of application and the occasion of electric field measurement system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of electric field measurement system in prior art.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of quiescent point on the impact of the transport function of electric field measurement system.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 4 is the workflow diagram of processor in measuring system of the present invention.
In Fig. 1,101 is measuring units, and 102 is control modules, 103 is lasing light emitters, 104 is input polarization maintaining optical fibres, and 105 is input collimation lenses, and 106 is polarizers, 107 is quarter wave plates, 108 is sensors, and 109 is polarization beam apparatus, and 110 is export collimation lens, 111 is export single-mode fiber, and 112 is detectors.
In Fig. 3,1 is measuring unit, and 2 is control modules, 3 is lasing light emitters, and 4 is optical patchcords, and 5 is Polarization Controllers, 6 is input single-mode fibers, and 7 is input collimation lenses, and 8 is sensors, 9 is polarization beam apparatus, 10 is export collimation lens, and 11 is export single-mode fiber, and 12 is detectors, 13 is processors, and 14 is concentric cable.
Embodiment
The present invention propose the electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation, its structure as shown in Figure 3:
Measuring system comprises measuring unit 1 and control module 2;
Described control module 2 comprises:
Lasing light emitter 3, for generation of laser;
Polarization Controller 5, for receiving the laser of self-excitation light source 3, polarization state process being carried out to laser, obtaining satisfactory elliptical polarization laser, and elliptical polarization laser is transferred to measuring unit 1 by input single-mode fiber 6, Polarization Controller 5 is connected by optical patchcord 4 with lasing light emitter 3;
Detector 12, for receiving the two-way light intensity signal from measuring unit 1, and is converted to two-way voltage signal V respectively by two-way light intensity signal
out1and V
out2, detector 12 is connected by exporting single-mode fiber 11 with measuring unit 1;
Processor 13, for receiving the two-way voltage signal V from detector 12
out1and V
out2according to the state criterion of the circular polarization state laser of setting, the voltage signal received is judged, according to judging that signal sends control signal to Polarization Controller, simultaneously according to voltage signal, calculate electric pulse field parameter E, processor 13 is connected by concentric cable 14 with Polarization Controller 5 with detector 12 respectively;
Described measuring unit 1 comprises:
Sensor 8, the laser from control module 2 is received by collimation lens 7, when there is no electric field action, what sensor exported is circular polarization state laser, electric field to be measured is modulated circular polarization state laser, obtain the elliptical polarization laser comprising electric field information, sensor is connected with control module 2 by input single-mode fiber 6;
Polarization beam apparatus 9, the circular polarization state exported for receiving sensor 8 or elliptical polarization laser, and make polarization state signal be converted into two-way light intensity signal, the input end of polarization beam apparatus 9 is connected with sensor 8, and the output terminal of polarization beam apparatus 9 is connected with output single-mode fiber 11 by collimation lens 10.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 4, describe the principle of work of the electric field measurement system based on polarization compensation that the present invention proposes in detail:
Processor 12 receives the two-way voltage signal V from detector
out1and V
out2, after analog to digital conversion, become two ways of digital signals D
out1and D
out2.
Refresh time △ t is set, often starts Polarization Controller 5 once through the time of △ t.
Judge whether sensor Output of laser is circular polarization state.First D is judged
out1with D
out2ratio whether be 1, if be not 1, then carry out feedback regulation, until D by Polarization Controller 5
out1/ D
out2=1.Secondly the control signal of fine setting Polarization Controller 5, makes D
out=D
out1/ D
out2, D after fine setting Polarization Controller
outvariable quantity be △ D
out, judge △ D
outwith the relation of threshold value δ.If △ is D
out/ △ V
cont>=δ, then carry out feedback regulation by Polarization Controller 5, until △ D
out/ △ V
cont< δ, namely completes a polarization compensation, now locks Polarization Controller 5, makes sensor Output of laser remain circular polarization state.
When carrying out electric field measurement, produce trigger pip, locking Polarization Controller, simultaneously according to two ways of digital signals D
out1and D
out2calculate electric field E to be measured.
The present invention propose based in the electric field measurement system of polarization compensation, the laser instrument STL5411 that lasing light emitter 3 can adopt Sumimoto company to produce, its centre wavelength is 1550nm.The Polarization Controller EPC-400 that Polarization Controller 5 can adopt OZ Optics to produce, its principle belongs to extruding optical-fiber type, has the response speed of 100Hz, may be used for the polarization state change caused by the environmental factor such as compensation temperature, vibration.Connect the input optical fibre 5 of measuring unit and control module and output optical fibre 11 can adopt and communicate with single-mode fiber, length is 200 meters, can realize the electrical isolation of measuring junction and control end.Sensor 8 can select LiNbO
3crystal is as electro-optic crystal, and its length is 10mm-40mm, and cross section is 1cm
2-2.25cm
2square.The material of polarization beam apparatus is chosen as BK7, and sectional dimension is identical with the sectional dimension of sensor.Probe unit 12 has a pair photoelectric conversion module, so that light intensity signal is converted to voltage signal, can adopt the balance photo-detector PDB460C of Thorlabs company.Processor 13 can select the C6000 series of Texas Instruments, realizes the functions such as analog to digital conversion, comparer, digital signal computing simultaneously.
Claims (1)
1. based on an electric field measurement system for polarization compensation, it is characterized in that, this measuring system comprises control module and measuring unit;
Described control module comprises:
Lasing light emitter, for generation of laser;
Polarization Controller, for receiving the laser of self-excitation light source, polarization state process being carried out to laser, obtaining satisfactory elliptical polarization laser, and elliptical polarization laser is transferred to measuring unit by input single-mode fiber, Polarization Controller is connected by inputting single-mode fiber with lasing light emitter;
Detector, for receiving the two-way light intensity signal from measuring unit, and is converted to two-way voltage signal respectively by two-way light intensity signal, and detector is connected by exporting single-mode fiber with measuring unit;
Processor, for receiving the two-way voltage signal from detector, according to the state criterion of the circular polarization state laser of setting, processor receives the two-way voltage signal V from detector
out1and V
out2, after analog to digital conversion, become two ways of digital signals D
out1and D
out2, refresh time △ t is set, often starts Polarization Controller (5) once through the time of △ t, judge whether sensor Output of laser is circular polarization state, first judges D
out1with D
out2ratio whether be 1, if be not 1, then carry out feedback regulation by Polarization Controller, until D
out1/ D
out2=1, the control signal Δ V of fine setting Polarization Controller
cont, make D
out=D
out1/ D
out2, D after fine setting Polarization Controller
outvariable quantity be Δ D
out, judge Δ D
outwith the relation of threshold value δ, if Δ D
out/ Δ V
cont>=δ, then carry out feedback regulation by Polarization Controller, until Δ D
out/ Δ V
cont< δ, namely completes a polarization compensation, now locks Polarization Controller, and make sensor Output of laser remain circular polarization state, processor is connected by concentric cable with Polarization Controller with detector respectively;
Described measuring unit comprises:
Sensor, for receiving the laser from control module, when not having electric field action, sensor exports as circular polarization state laser, electric field to be measured is modulated circular polarization state laser, obtains the elliptical polarization laser comprising electric field information, and sensor is connected with control module by input single-mode fiber;
Polarization beam apparatus, the circular polarization state exported for receiving sensor or elliptical polarization laser, and making polarization state signal be converted into two-way light intensity signal, the input end of polarization beam apparatus is connected with sensor, and the output terminal of polarization beam apparatus is connected with control module by exporting single-mode fiber.
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| CN103605005B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2016-05-25 | 清华大学 | A kind of photoelectric integration electric-field measuring system based on two Y waveguides |
| CN103616570B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2016-08-17 | 清华大学 | A kind of self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system |
| CN104407235A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Electric field passive measurement device based on Kerr effect |
| CN105914576A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-08-31 | 深圳市创鑫激光股份有限公司 | Laser |
| CN107632211A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-26 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of quiescent point can control photoelectric integration electric-field measuring system and method |
| CN108152582A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-12 | 昆明理工光智检测科技有限公司 | A kind of integrated light guide microwave signal frequency measuring system and measuring method |
| CN108387788B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2020-02-07 | 清华大学 | Optimal optical bias point screening method for preparing integrated common-path interference electric field sensor |
| CN108982975B (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-06-30 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Electric field detector |
| CN112198374B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-10-22 | 武汉大学 | High-frequency high-precision space electric field measurement system and method |
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| JP2003014800A (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2003-01-15 | Nec Tokin Corp | Electric field sensing device |
| CN1419129A (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2003-05-21 | 华中科技大学 | Optical fibre electric field sensor |
| CN100523837C (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2009-08-05 | 日本电信电话株式会社 | Electric field sensor and adjustment method thereof |
| CN1844941B (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2010-09-08 | 清华大学 | Photoelectric integrated strong electric field measuring system |
| CN1844942B (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2010-09-08 | 清华大学 | Photoelectric integrated sensor for strong electric field measurement |
| JP2011033501A (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-02-17 | Seikoh Giken Co Ltd | Electric field, magnetic field and voltage detector with feedback circuit |
| JP5471341B2 (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2014-04-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | Measuring device |
| CN102288839B (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2013-05-01 | 清华大学 | Optoelectronic integration three-dimensional electric field sensor system |
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