CN103616570B - A kind of self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system, belong to technical field of electric field measurement.The outfan of lasing light emitter therein passes sequentially through the polarizer, input polarization maintaining optical fibre is connected with the input of sensor, and the outfan of sensor passes sequentially through and exports polarization maintaining optical fibre, polarization beam apparatus, Y waveguide manipulator are connected with the input of detector.The treated device of the signal of telecommunication of detector output produces the control signal of adjustable DC power module and treated device mathematical operation is counter releases electric field signal to be measured, and controlling adjustable DC power module is that Y waveguide manipulator provides voltage signal, forms closed loop control.The present system feedback control by Y waveguide manipulator, it is achieved the field calibration of ssystem transfer function, improves certainty of measurement；And the quiescent point of system is adjusted to pi/2 so that working sensor is at optimum state.

Description

A kind of self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system, belong to technical field of electric field measurement.

Background technology

Electric field measurement is significant in many scientific researches and field of engineering technology, particularly holds concurrently at power system, electromagnetism The fields such as appearance and microwave technology have a wide range of applications.

Along with developing rapidly of integrated optics technique, photoelectric integration electric-field sensor has obtained more and more many research and application. Existing electric field measurement system based on photoelectric integrated sensor, such as Application No.: 201310076620.9, denomination of invention is as the criterion The patent application of reciprocity digital closed loop lithium niobate fiber waveguide alternating electric field/voltage sensor, its Lithium metaniobate straight wave guide sensing unit Upper without antenna, measure sensitivity relatively low；And have employed the all-digital closed-loop system of optical fibre gyro, system response time is longer, Measuring electromagnetic compatibility and microwave technical field transient-wave is the most difficult, the power frequency that therefore its application is confined in power system is strong Electric field or voltage measurement.Application No.: 201210348311.8, invention entitled a kind of integrated electric field based on common path interference The patent application of sensor, its structure as it is shown in figure 1,

Wherein A is the photoelectric conversion factors of the luminous power, optical path loss and the detector that reflect lasing light emitter output；B is sensing The extinction ratio of device, depends on polarization maintaining optical fibre and the coupling technique of fiber waveguide in sensor；For the quiescent bias point of sensor, Depend on the physical dimension of fiber waveguide；E_πFor half-wave electric field, depend on lithium columbate crystal in sensor, antenna and modulation electricity The physical dimension of pole；E is electric field signal to be measured, and V is the voltage signal of detector output.

In view of the environmental factors such as temperature, humidity can cause A, b,The variation in various degree of three parameters, for ensureing to survey Three parameters accurately, preferably before measuring electric field signal, are demarcated by amount.In prior art, the staking-out work of sensor needs Want the equipment such as the voltage source auxiliary of parallel-plate electrode and high voltage amplitude (generally at more than 10kV), it is difficult to existing measuring Field realizes, and its range of application is restricted in laboratory environment.

It addition, quiescent bias pointThe scope surveyed of sensor is had a major impact, as shown in Figure 2.WhenOr during π, The quiescent point of transmission function is positioned at the top of cosine function, belongs to zone of saturation, is on the one hand substantially reduced the sensitive of measurement Degree, is on the other hand measured waveform generation Severe distortion, is encountered difficulties by the anti-electric field signal that pushes away of voltage signal；When Quiescent point is positioned at the approximately linear section of cosine function, and the input that measurement system has maximum sensitivity and approximately linear is defeated Go out characteristic.Transducer dwell bias point in prior artLacking feedback control, once the change of the environment factor such as temperature causes Variation, transducer dwell operating point will deviate from cosine function linearity range, and measurement system loses sensitivity and the approximately linear of maximum Input-output characteristic.

In sum, this prior art is primarily present two aspect defects: one, transducer calibration work is difficult in measure field Realizing, range of application is restricted in laboratory environment；On the other hand, the quiescent bias point of sensorLack feedback control System, once the change of the environment factor such as temperature causesVariation, transducer dwell operating point will deviate from cosine function linearity range, Measurement system loses sensitivity and the input and output transfer function characteristics of approximately linear of maximum.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system, utilize the feedback of Y waveguide manipulator Control, it is achieved the field calibration of two parameters of A, b, it is achieved accurately measure；And quiescent bias point is adjusted to Sensor is made to possess optimum performance.

The self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system that the present invention proposes, including:

Lasing light emitter, is used for sending laser；

The polarizer, changes into line polarized light for the laser sent by lasing light emitter, plays show off device with lasing light emitter by single-mode fiber phase Even；

Sensor, for receiving line polarized light by input polarization maintaining optical fibre, the polarization axle of input polarization maintaining optical fibre is with 45 ° and sensing The countershaft coupling of device, line polarized light Orthogonal Decomposition is the line polarized light of the luminous power different polarization patterns such as two bundles, at the light of sensor Waveguide is propagated；Antenna induction Y-direction electric field signal to be measured in sensor, produces a potential difference, and this potential difference is passed through The modulator electrode on the sensor optical signal to propagating in fiber waveguide produces modulating action, and the line making two bundle different polarization patterns is inclined Shake light propagation constant occur complementation change, two bundle different polarization patterns line polarized light fiber waveguide exit end produce and treat Survey the phase contrast that electric field signal intensity is corresponding；

Polarization beam apparatus, for receiving the linear polarization of the dephased two bundle different polarization patterns of tool by output polarization maintaining optical fibre Light, and make the line polarized light of the two bundle different polarization patterns propagated in same output polarization maintaining optical fibre separate, obtain two bundles only Write a biography the line polarized light broadcast；

Y waveguide manipulator, for receiving the line polarized lights of two bundle independent propagation, and according to from can by two polarization maintaining optical fibres The phase contrast of the line polarized light of the voltage modulation signal correction two bundle independent propagation of tuning DC module, two bundles of phase calibration after the recovery Line polarized light interferes in the Y-branch point of intersection of Y waveguide manipulator, obtains the optical signal after a beam interferometer, and Y waveguide is adjusted Device processed is connected with polarization beam apparatus by two polarization maintaining optical fibres, is connected with adjustable DC power module by cable；

Detector, for being received the optical signal after interfering by single-mode fiber, converts optical signals into voltage signal；

Processor, for the voltage signal exported by cable pick-up probe, according to transmission function and the demarcation thereof of storage After parameter mathematical computing obtain electric field signal to be measured, provide control signal for adjustable DC power module simultaneously.

Adjustable DC power module, for being received the control signal of processor output by cable, is produced according to this control signal A raw voltage modulation signal, and this voltage modulation signal is sent to Y waveguide manipulator.

The self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system that the present invention proposes, its advantage is: before measuring, it is achieved transmission function The field calibration of each parameter, thus realize the accurate measurement of electric field signal；By Y waveguide manipulator, by photoelectric integration electric-field The static work point calibration of sensing system is to pi/2 so that sensor works in the best condition, thus substantially increases this The electric field measurement sensitivity of the electric-field sensor system of invention.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that in prior art, photoelectric integration electric-field measures system.

Fig. 2 is the quiescent point principle schematic on the impact of electric field measurement system transmission function.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system that the present invention proposes.

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 3,1 is lasing light emitter, and 2 is the polarizer, and 3 is sensor, and 4 is fiber waveguide, and 5 is antenna, and 6 are Modulator electrode, 7 is Lithium metaniobate (LiNbO₃) wafer, 8 is analyzer, and 9 is detector, and 10 is polarization beam apparatus, 11 Being Y waveguide manipulator, 12 is processor, and 13 is adjustable DC power module.

Detailed description of the invention

The self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system that the present invention proposes, its structure is as it is shown on figure 3, include:

Lasing light emitter 1, is used for sending laser；

The polarizer 2, changes into line polarized light for the laser sent by lasing light emitter, plays show off device and passes through single-mode fiber with lasing light emitter It is connected；

Sensor 3, for receiving line polarized light by input polarization maintaining optical fibre, the polarization axle of input polarization maintaining optical fibre is with 45 ° and passes The countershaft coupling of sensor, line polarized light Orthogonal Decomposition is luminous power different polarization pattern (H mode and two kinds of moulds of transverse magnetic wave such as two bundles Formula) line polarized light, in the fiber waveguide 4 of sensor propagate；Antenna induction Y-direction electric field signal to be measured in sensor, Producing a potential difference, the optical signal generation modulation propagated in fiber waveguide is made by this potential difference by the modulator electrode on sensor With, make the propagation constant of the line polarized light of two bundle different polarization patterns that complementation change to occur, the line of two bundle different polarization patterns is inclined The light that shakes produces the phase contrast corresponding with electric field signal intensity to be measured at the exit end of fiber waveguide；

Polarization beam apparatus 10, for receiving the linear polarization of the dephased two bundle different polarization patterns of tool by output polarization maintaining optical fibre Light, and make the line polarized light of the two bundle different polarization patterns propagated in same output polarization maintaining optical fibre separate, obtain two bundles only Write a biography the line polarized light broadcast；

Y waveguide manipulator 11, for being received the line polarized lights of two bundle independent propagation by two polarization maintaining optical fibres, and according to from The phase contrast of the line polarized light of the voltage modulation signal correction two bundle independent propagation of adjustable DC power module, phase calibration after the recovery Two bunch polarized light interfere in the Y-branch point of intersection of Y waveguide manipulator, obtain the optical signal after a beam interferometer, Y Waveguide modulator is connected with polarization beam apparatus by two polarization maintaining optical fibres, is connected with adjustable DC power module by cable；

Detector 9, for being received the optical signal after interfering by single-mode fiber, converts optical signals into voltage signal；

Processor 12, for the voltage signal exported by cable pick-up probe, according to transmission function and the mark thereof of storage Parameter mathematical computing after Ding obtains electric field signal to be measured, provides control signal for adjustable DC power module simultaneously.

Adjustable DC power module 13, for receiving the control signal of processor output, according to this control signal by cable Produce a voltage modulation signal, and this voltage modulation signal is sent to Y waveguide manipulator.

The self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system that the present invention proposes, its operation principle is:

The partial polarized light that lasing light emitter sends becomes line polarized light after the polarizer；Input polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization axle with 45 ° with The countershaft coupling of sensor, then line polarized light Orthogonal Decomposition is luminous power different polarization pattern (H mode and the transverse magnetic waves two such as two bundles Kind of pattern) line polarized light, propagate in the fiber waveguide of sensor；Antenna induction Y-direction electric field to be measured letter in sensor Number, producing a potential difference, the optical signal generation propagated in fiber waveguide is adjusted by this potential difference by the modulator electrode on sensor Make use, make the propagation constant of the line polarized light of two bundle different polarization patterns that complementation change to occur, two bundle different polarization patterns Line polarized light produces the phase contrast corresponding with electric field signal intensity to be measured at the exit end of fiber waveguide；Output polarization maintaining optical fibre polarization Axle countershaft with sensor couples with 0 °, then have the line polarized light of pairwise orthogonal polarization mode of certain phase contrast respectively along protecting partially The fast and slow axis of optical fiber is propagated；Two bunch polarized light in fast and slow axis are divided among two polarization maintaining optical fibres after polarization beam apparatus beam splitting Slow axis is propagated, after inject the two-arm of Y waveguide manipulator simultaneously；Y waveguide manipulator is according to from adjustable DC power module The phase contrast of the voltage modulation signal two bunch polarized light to propagating in Y waveguide two-arm be corrected, phase calibration after the recovery Two bunch polarized light interfere in the point of intersection of the Y-branch of Y waveguide manipulator, the interference signal incoming light detector of generation Carrying out opto-electronic conversion, the signal of telecommunication input processor of conversion performs mathematical calculations, and processor exports straight-adjustable according to this signal of telecommunication The control signal of stream power module and electric field signal to be measured, the control letter that adjustable DC power module exports according to processor is Y Waveguide modulator provides modulated signal.

Before using inventive sensor system to carry out electric field measurement, first measure demarcation and the correction of system itself, So that measurement system works in the best condition, it is ensured that measure measurement precision and the stability of system.

Scaling method is:

If the transmission function of sensing system is as shown in Equation 2:

Wherein A is the photoelectric conversion factors of the luminous power, optical path loss and the detector that reflect lasing light emitter output；B is sensing The extinction ratio of device, depends on polarization maintaining optical fibre and the coupling technique of fiber waveguide in sensor；For the quiescent bias point of sensor, Depend on the physical dimension of fiber waveguide；E_πFor the half-wave electric field of sensor, depend on lithium columbate crystal in sensor, antenna And the physical dimension of modulator electrode；E is electric field signal to be measured, and V is the voltage signal of detector output,For Y waveguide Manipulator is the biasing that sensor is additional, is represented by following formula:

Wherein V_πFor the half-wave voltage of Y waveguide manipulator, depend on lithium columbate crystal and modulator electrode in Y waveguide manipulator Physical dimension；V_inFor the voltage signal being carried on Y waveguide manipulator by adjustable DC power module；For Y ripple Leading manipulator is the biasing that sensor adds.

Measuring before electric field signal, sensor is placed in the environment of E=0V/m (or by sensor wrap is airtight at one Createed the environment of an E=0V/m by the method for shielding in can), now ssystem transfer function is as shown in Equation 4.Logical Cross processor output control signal control adjustable DC power module so that adjustable DC power module output magnitude of voltage with Certain intervals is from 0 to V_πVariation, the magnitude of voltage of adjustable DC power module output is supplied to Y waveguide manipulator so thatFrom 0 arrives V_πVariation.Often during variation one magnitude of voltage of adjustable DC power module, recorded the output electricity of detector by processor Pressure V, i.e. transmits output valve V of function.According to transmission function (formula 4) feature it is recognised thatFrom 0 to V_πVariation Time, detector output voltage V total energy obtains a maximum V_maxWith minima V_min, as shown in Equation 5, and located Reason device record.

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{V}_{\max }=A\·(1+b)\\ V_{\min }=A\·(1-b)\end{array}\right.---\left(5\right)$

V according to processor record_maxAnd V_min, obtain transmitting A value and the b value of function by mathematical operation, such as formula 6 institute Show, and A value and b value stored within a processor, in case afterwards electric field measurement time counter release electric field value to be measured, i.e. achieve The staking-out work of sensing system, calibration process need not by parallel-plate electrode necessary to staking-out work in prior art and The equipment such as the voltage source of high voltage amplitude (generally at more than 10kV).

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}A=[V_{\max }+V_{\min }]/2\\ b=[V_{\max }-V_{\min }]/[V_{\max }+V_{\min }]\end{array}\right.---\left(6\right)$

Bearing calibration is:

The control signal exported by processor controls adjustable DC power module so that the electricity of adjustable DC power module output Pressure value is at certain intervals from 0 to V_πVariation, the magnitude of voltage of adjustable DC power module output is supplied to Y waveguide manipulator, makes ?From 0 to V_πVariation, the output voltage V of detector also occurs to change accordingly.Often variation adjustable DC power module one During magnitude of voltage, recorded the output voltage V of detector by processor, and with the magnitude of voltage of storage in processor V=A=[V_max+V_min]/2 compare, and when both are equal, stop the control signal of variation processor output, and record is also Persistently export current control signal value.From transmission function (formula 4), when the output valve of photo-detector V=A=[V_max+V_min]/2, nowSystem transter can rewrite an accepted way of doing sth 7, now measures system It is operated in optimum state, i.e. completes the correction work of sensing system.

$V=A\·[1+b\·\cos (\frac{E}{E_{\mathrm{\π}}}\mathrm{\π}+\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{2})]---\left(7\right)$

After the demarcation of sensing system and trimming process complete, sensor can be placed under electric field to be measured and carry out electric field survey Amount work.Electric field measurement method is:

As shown in Equation 7, two parameters of A, b have stored among processor, according to detection the transmission function of sensing system Device output valve V can release electric field value E to be measured by the mathematical operation of processor is counter.

In one embodiment of the present of invention, lasing light emitter 1 used uses the lasing light emitter STL5411 of Sumimoto company；Pass The structure of sensor 3 is: at Lithium metaniobate (LiNbO₃) wafer 7 upper surface use titanium method of diffusion prepare fiber waveguide 4, Use photoetching method to process antenna 5 and modulator electrode 6 in the both sides of fiber waveguide, wherein lithium niobate crystal chip is a length of 20mm, width is 5mm, and thickness is 1mm；Detector 9 uses the detector 1592 of NewFocus company；Y waveguide Manipulator 11 uses the Y waveguide manipulator GATV-15-10-0-A of Beijing PANWOO Integrated Optoelectronic Co., Ltd.；Processor 12 Use the processor TMS320C6472 of Texas Instruments, the merits such as analog digital conversion, comparator, mathematical operation can be realized simultaneously Energy；Adjustable DC power module 13 uses the adjustable DC power module LM4041-N-Q1 of Texas Instruments.

Claims (1)

1. a self-correcting photoelectric integration electric-field sensor system, including:

Lasing light emitter, is used for sending laser；

The polarizer, the laser for being sent by lasing light emitter changes into line polarized light, and the polarizer and lasing light emitter are by single-mode fiber phase Even；

Sensor, for receiving line polarized light by input polarization maintaining optical fibre, the polarization axle of input polarization maintaining optical fibre is with 45 ° and sensing The countershaft coupling of device, line polarized light Orthogonal Decomposition is the line polarized light of the luminous power different polarization patterns such as two bundles, at the light of sensor Waveguide is propagated；Antenna induction Y-direction electric field signal to be measured in sensor, produces a potential difference, and this potential difference is passed through The modulator electrode on the sensor optical signal to propagating in fiber waveguide produces modulating action, and the line making two bundle different polarization patterns is inclined Shake light propagation constant occur complementation change, two bundle different polarization patterns line polarized light fiber waveguide exit end produce and treat Survey the phase contrast that electric field signal intensity is corresponding；

Characterized by further comprising:

Polarization beam apparatus, for receiving the linear polarization of the dephased two bundle different polarization patterns of tool by output polarization maintaining optical fibre Light, and make the line polarized light of the two bundle different polarization patterns propagated in same output polarization maintaining optical fibre separate, obtain two bundles only Write a biography the line polarized light broadcast；

Y waveguide manipulator, for receiving the line polarized lights of two bundle independent propagation, and according to from can by two polarization maintaining optical fibres The phase contrast of the line polarized light of the voltage modulation signal correction two bundle independent propagation of tuning DC power module, phase calibration after the recovery Two bunch polarized light interfere in the Y-branch point of intersection of Y waveguide manipulator, obtain the optical signal after a beam interferometer, Y ripple Lead manipulator to be connected with polarization beam apparatus by two polarization maintaining optical fibres, be connected with adjustable DC power module by cable；

Detector, for being received the optical signal after interfering by single-mode fiber, converts optical signals into voltage signal；

Processor, for the voltage signal exported by cable pick-up probe, according to transmission function and the demarcation thereof of storage After parameter mathematical computing obtain electric field signal to be measured, provide control signal for adjustable DC power module simultaneously；

Adjustable DC power module, for being received the control signal of processor output by cable, is produced according to this control signal A raw voltage modulation signal, and this voltage modulation signal is sent to Y waveguide manipulator.