CN106041077A - 激光快速成形保护气体进气装置 - Google Patents

激光快速成形保护气体进气装置 Download PDF

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CN106041077A
CN106041077A CN201610536647.5A CN201610536647A CN106041077A CN 106041077 A CN106041077 A CN 106041077A CN 201610536647 A CN201610536647 A CN 201610536647A CN 106041077 A CN106041077 A CN 106041077A
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白培康
赵占勇
李玉新
刘斌
王建宏
刘增禄
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Shanxi Yangchen Zhongbei Technology Co.,Ltd.
Shanxi Zhongbei Science Park Co ltd
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    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,属于激光快速成形进气系统技术领域,提供了一种结构简单,使用方便,能够有效调节进气量,提高了保护气进气效率的激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,所采用的技术方案为成型腔的腔壁上设置有多个进气口,进气口通过进气通道与进气总管相连接,进气总管上设置有调节阀,调节阀与主控系统相连接;本发明广泛用于激光快速成形过程中向成型腔内充入保护气体。

Description

激光快速成形保护气体进气装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,属于激光快速成形进气系统技术领域。
背景技术
3D 打印技术(激光快速成形)是利用激光、CAX、自动控制等技术,直接采用“堆积”制成三维立体模型的一种新型加工工艺。由于加工过程省去了开模、削切等中间流程,3D打印技术在小批量、结构复杂的实体加工方面具有得天独厚的优势。3D 打印技术可以缩短加工周期70%以上、节省材料90%以上、降低制造费用50%以上,被誉为全球制造技术的一场革命。
目前典型的3D 打印成形方法有:选择性激光烧结(SLS)、选择性激光熔化(SLM)、光固化立体成形(SLA)、熔融沉积制造(FDM)等。SLS和SLM成形过程相似,首先将一层很薄的原料粉未铺在工作台上,接着在电脑控制下,激光束通过扫描器以一定的速度和能量密度,按分层面的二维数据扫描。激光扫描过的粉末就烧结(熔化)成一定厚度的实体片层。一层扫描完毕,随后对下一层进行扫描,如此反复,直至扫描完所有层面,即可获得成形制品。
SLS和SLM成形过程中,由于有些金属粉末或者非金属粉末容易氧化,需要在成形过程中不断通入保护气体,避免成形件发生氧化。目前SLS和SLM成形时,保护气体进气装置仍存在以下问题:①进气通道单一,成型腔充气效率低。保护气体进气装置往往采用一个进气通道,因此在向成型腔充气过程中,效率较低。②气流不均匀。进气管道往往存在转角,当气体通过该转角时,容易形成气流死区,从而引起气流不均。③难以控制气体流量及流动方向。在成形过程中,当成型腔内保护气分布不均时,进气装置无法自动调整气体流量及流动方向,因此对成形件质量产生一定影响。
发明内容
为解决现有技术存在的技术问题,本发明提供了一种结构简单,使用方便,能够有效调节进气量,提高了保护气进气效率的激光快速成形保护气体进气装置。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,包括:成型腔,所述成型腔的腔壁上设置有多个进气口,所述进气口通过进气通道与进气总管相连接,所述进气总管上设置有调节阀,所述调节阀与主控系统相连接。
优选的,所述进气口上设置有进气百叶装置,所述进气百叶装置上设置有出气罩,所述出气罩上设置有多个通孔。
优选的,所述进气百叶装置主要由百叶框架、百叶片和百叶转动电机构成,所述百叶框架安装在成型腔的腔壁上,所述百叶片通过转轴均匀安装在百叶框架内,所述百叶片通过连杆相连接,所述转轴延伸至百叶框架外部,且端部设置有齿轮机构,所述齿轮机构上连接有百叶转动电机,所述成型腔的腔壁上设置有氧气传感器,所述百叶转动电机和氧气传感器均与主控系统相连接。
优选的,所述进气通道的转角位置设置成圆弧螺旋结构。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下技术效果:本发明采用两个或多个进气口进行充气,增加了充气效率。进气通道转角位置设计成圆弧螺旋结构,减小了转角对气流的阻碍作用,消除了气体经过转角时产生的气流死区,使气体流动更加均匀。在进气通道出口安装可自动调节方向的百叶,用于调整气流方向及气体流量。在百叶前面安装出气罩,该出气罩为网状结构,表面加工成圆形小孔,增加了气体进入型腔的均匀性。该装置有效提高了保护气进气效率,实现了自动调节进气量及进气方向,增加了保护气流动均匀性,从而提高了成形件质量,对激光快速成形技术的发展具有重要意义。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图2为图1的后视图。
图3为本发明中进气通道的结构示意图。
图4为本发明中进气百叶装置的结构示意图。
图5为本发明中出气罩的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
如图1至图5所示,激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,包括:进气通道3、氧气传感器16、进气百叶装置7、出气罩8和主控系统6。其中进气百叶装置7通过螺栓安装在成型腔1的腔壁进气口2上,进气百叶装置7上安装出气罩8,出气罩8上设置有多个通孔9。出气罩8材质采用耐高温树脂、不锈钢、铝合金材质。出气罩8为网状结构。出气罩8固定在百叶框架上。氧气传感器16安装在成型腔1不同位置,用于测量成型腔1不同位置氧气含量,并将氧气含量信息反馈给主控系统6。主控系统6从而控制进气百叶装置7调节气流方向及流量,从而实现快速将氧气排出。
其中,进气通道3的材质可选塑料,树脂,铝合金,钢等材料。进气通道3由两个或者多个分通道组成,一端连接进气总管,主要用于与氩气、氮气等保护气瓶连接,另一端分通道主要与成型腔的进气口相连接,保护气首先进入主通道,随后经过分通道进入成型腔。进气总管横截面为圆形,内部安装气流调节阀5,调节阀5与电机相连,电机驱动调节阀转动,调节进气总管内气体流量及气流方向。靠近成型腔内基板位置的进气口横截面为长方形,其余进气通道截面为圆形。进气通道在转角位置设计成圆弧螺旋结构,减小转角对气流的阻碍作用,消除了气体经过转角时产生的气流死区,使气体流动更加均匀。
进气百叶装置7主要由百叶框架10、百叶片11和百叶转动电机12构成,进气百叶装置7的材质采用塑料、树脂、铝合金等材料。百叶片11的上下两端加工成两个凸出的圆柱形转轴13,百叶片11通过转轴13安装在百叶框架11内,连杆14将百叶片11连接在一起,每个百叶片11和连杆14之间可以转动,这样百叶转动电机12通过齿轮机构15能够驱动百叶片11进行转动,百叶片的转动角度为180°。
本发明中氧气传感器16、调节阀5、百叶转动电机12均与主控系统6相连。根据氧气传感器16反馈的信息,通过主控系统6调节进气总管的调节阀5,百叶片11方向,从而实现对保护气流量及流动方向的控制。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包在本发明范围内。

Claims (4)

1.激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,包括:成型腔,其特征在于:所述成型腔的腔壁上设置有多个进气口,所述进气口通过进气通道与进气总管相连接,所述进气总管上设置有调节阀,所述调节阀与主控系统相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,其特征在于:所述进气口上设置有进气百叶装置,所述进气百叶装置上设置有出气罩,所述出气罩上设置有多个通孔。
3.根据权利要求2所述的激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,其特征在于:所述进气百叶装置主要由百叶框架、百叶片和百叶转动电机构成,所述百叶框架安装在成型腔的腔壁上,所述百叶片通过转轴均匀安装在百叶框架内,所述百叶片通过连杆相连接,所述转轴延伸至百叶框架外部,且端部设置有齿轮机构,所述齿轮机构上连接有百叶转动电机,所述成型腔的腔壁上设置有氧气传感器,所述百叶转动电机和氧气传感器均与主控系统相连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的激光快速成形保护气体进气装置,其特征在于:所述进气通道的转角位置设置成圆弧螺旋结构。
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CN113993643A (zh) * 2019-06-14 2022-01-28 通快激光与系统工程有限公司 具有中央保护气体分配器和氧监测的用于处理适于激光熔化的粉末的设备
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