CN106032328A - Material for preparing locomotive traction motor carbon brush - Google Patents
Material for preparing locomotive traction motor carbon brush Download PDFInfo
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- CN106032328A CN106032328A CN201510117849.1A CN201510117849A CN106032328A CN 106032328 A CN106032328 A CN 106032328A CN 201510117849 A CN201510117849 A CN 201510117849A CN 106032328 A CN106032328 A CN 106032328A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material for preparing a locomotive traction motor carbon brush. The material comprises soft carbon black powder, sprayed carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, a pore forming agent, a directional auxiliary agent, modified asphalt and a lubricant. According to the present invention, the carbon brush prepared from the material has characteristics of high rupture strength, good direction change performance and high passing current density, and is used for the diesel locomotive traction motor and the electric locomotive traction motor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to locomotive technology field, particularly relate to a kind of material for preparing locomotive traction motor carbon brush.
Background technology
The material of carbon brush, is the premise producing high-quality carbon brush, and railway locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush, as locomotive engine
Core component, is always the most important research and development point of carbon brush manufacturing enterprise, and every country old brand carbon brush enterprise is with oneself uniqueness
The carbon brush that material model characteristic produces, is applied on all kinds of traction electric machine.But existing locomotive traction motor carbon brush due to
Properties of product are different, can not be applicable to all types of locomotive traction motor, and to locomotive, user brings inconvenience.And
The locomotive traction motor carbon brush material of China, the most still continues to use the technology thought in the sixties, does not the most also have big
Break through.
Locomotive traction motor carbon brush material is divided into two big classes: diesel locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush material and electric locomotive lead
Draw carbon brush used for electric engine material.
Owing to power resources are different, different locomotive traction motors needs the carbon brush material of different performance matched: interior
Combustion locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush material, it is desirable to allow (to be not less than 16A/cm by high-density current2), and have one
Fixed commutation ability, on the premise of not damaging engine commutator, service life, the longer the better；And electric locomotive traction is electric
Machine carbon brush material, then need possess fabulous commutation ability, and allows (to be not less than by higher current density
13A/cm2)。
In order to reach high current density, avoid carbon brush temperature rise in the course of the work too high again, generally use resistivity medium
Carbon brush prepared by the material of size (40-50 μ Ω M), but its commutation ability is limited by bigger；Good in order to obtain
Good commutation, again with sacrifice working current density as cost, uses the material of resistivity higher (55-65 μ Ω M)
Prepare carbon brush, even if having prepared good ventilating and cooling aid system, but the temperature rise of carbon brush allowing of no optimist.Generally commutation
Ability and operating current are opposition, because commutation capacity to be improved is necessary for increasing the resistivity (commutation resistance) of material,
And the increase of resistivity, carbon brush temperature can be caused to raise, operating current is severely limited.
Due to the restriction of production technology, at present, either foreign country or domestic market on all do not have a kind of carbon brush material permissible
It is simultaneously suitable for diesel locomotive traction electric machine and electric locomotive traction motor.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for a difficult problem of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of for preparing locomotive traction motor carbon brush
Material, the carbon brush selecting the material of the present invention to prepare not only has good commutation, and allows by high-density current,
Not only it is applicable to diesel locomotive traction electric machine but also is applicable to electric locomotive traction motor.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of material for preparing locomotive traction motor carbon brush, including as follows
Raw material: soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch, profit
Lubrication prescription；Wherein, described locomotive traction motor carbon brush of preparing includes:
In a heated condition, by soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent,
Modified coal tar pitch and lubricant carry out mixing extrusion process, obtain mixed material；
It is ground mixed material processing, obtains the first mixed powder；
In a heated condition, process carrying out rolling sheet after the first mixed powder mixing, obtain sheet material；
Carry out sheet material pulverizing, milled processed, obtain the second mixed powder；
It is pressed into carbon brush pressed compact after the second mixed powder mixing；
Carbon brush pressed compact is carried out successively calcination process, graphitization processing, to obtain final product.
Wherein, described soft carbon powder is prepared from accordance with the following steps:
1-A) in a heated condition, by acetylene carbon black and stearic acid mix homogeneously, the first compound is obtained；
1-B) continue in a heated condition, in the first compound, add mid temperature pitch, coal tar, mix homogeneously, obtain
To the second compound；
1-C) the second compound is pressed into stock column；
1-D) stock column is carried out successively calcination process, quick graphitization processing, crushing grinding process, to obtain final product.
Wherein, the weight of described acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal tar is: acetylene carbon black
95-105, stearic acid 0.4-0.6, mid temperature pitch 24-26, coal tar 24-26.
Particularly, the weight of described acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal tar is: acetylene carbon black 100,
Stearic acid 0.5, mid temperature pitch 25, coal tar 25.
Especially, the softening point of described mid temperature pitch is 80-84 DEG C, and fixed carbon content is 38-40%.
Wherein, step 1-A) in the temperature of heating be 140-160 DEG C, preferably 150 DEG C；Incorporation time is 15-25min,
It is preferably 20min；
Wherein, step 1-B) in the temperature of heating be 140-160 DEG C, preferably 150 DEG C；Incorporation time is 50-70min,
It is preferably 60min.
Wherein, also include step 1-B) in prepare the second compound naturally cool to 80 DEG C after, re-compacted one-tenth step
Stock column described in 1-C).
Wherein, step 1-C) described in the pressure of compression process be 5MPa.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in the maximum temperature of calcination process be 1200 DEG C.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in the maximum temperature of quick graphitization processing be 2800 DEG C.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in crushing grinding process comprise the steps:
Stock column jaw crusher after quick graphitization processing is crushed to below 10mm, obtains soft carbon fritter；
Soft carbon fritter Raymond mill is ground to below 74 μm, obtains soft carbon fine powder；
Soft carbon fine powder fluidized bed air flow crusher is ground to 16 μm, to obtain final product.
Wherein, described spray carbon black is the high-class product spray carbon black that ash is less than 0.2%.
Wherein, described Colophonium coke powder is needle-like Colophonium coke powder, and its granularity is 45 μm.
Wherein, described graphite powder is sub-Nano purified (natural) graphite powder, natural cryptocrystal stone grinder powder purification the powder obtained
Granularity is close to nano level graphite powder, and its granularity is 10 μm.
Wherein, described pore creating material is one or more in starch, carbamide, azodicarbonamide or hard resin, preferably
For starch.
Particularly, one during described hard resin is epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide, furane resins or
Multiple.
One of pore creating material effect of the present invention is mating of the hardness of regulation carbon brush material, beneficially carbon brush and motor；Effect
Two be in carbon brush formation hole, improve carbon brush commutation ability.
Locomotive traction motor is all high power DC electric machine, and due to the restriction of locomotive, motor is difficult on main pole pole shoe dress
If compensative winding, the commutation between motor both positive and negative polarity commutator segment, mainly undertaken by carbon brush.Simple commutation from the point of view of carbon brush angle
Feature is as follows: during commutation, and the electric current of both positive and negative polarity commutator segment forms short circuit by carbon brush, as commutation resistance is not enough to bear short
The electric potential energy produced during road, then carbon brush is when moving to next group commutator segment, will discharge electric potential energy, and cause certain grade
Spark；Exceed certain grade, asMore than Ji, then there is visible spark, more than 2 grades, by harmful for generation spark,
Motor is formed injury simultaneously.The space formed in carbon brush, can absorb part electric potential energy, make under same duty
Motor spark grade reduces 1/4-1/2 level.
Wherein, described orientation auxiliary agent is boron nitride, titanium dioxide, fluorographite, Colophonium oxidization fiber, carbon fiber, graphite
One or more in fiber or class Graphene, preferably Colophonium oxidization fiber.
Particularly, described Colophonium oxidization fiber is the oxidization fiber obtained through cure treatment and oxidation processes by Colophonium spinning, then
Being prepared from through chopped pulverizing, its length is about 74 μm.
Particularly, described class Graphene is to be passed sequentially through, by natural graphite powder, the powder that high power expands, comminution by gas stream prepares,
Its performance is close to Graphene.
The orientation auxiliary agent of the present invention can improve wearability and the orientation of carbon brush.
The orientation auxiliary agent that the present invention adds, when carbon brush pressed compact molding, due to the shape characteristic of self, in high briquetting pressure
Under, selectivity orientational strengthening is parallel to the resistivity in die mould direction apparently higher than being perpendicular to the resistivity in die mould direction,
Obtain different performances.Less electricity is obtained by certain direction, beneficially carbon brush material at conducting direction during processing carbon brush
Resistance rate, to allow by high electric current density；And obtain bigger resistivity in carbon brush commutation direction, it is effectively reduced and changes
To time electric potential energy produce, thus obtain excellent commutation ability.
Wherein, described lubricant is in stearic acid, Metallic stearates, phthalate, macromolecule complex ester
One or more.
Particularly, the one during described Metallic stearates is calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, barium stearate
Or it is multiple.
Particularly, described phthalate is dimethyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, O-phthalic
One or more in acid di-isooctyl, dibutyl phthalate.
Particularly, described macromolecule complex ester is through esterification condensation, saponification by polyhydric alcohol, dicarboxylic acids, higher fatty acids
The complex ester that process obtains.
Especially, described macromolecule complex ester is G32-1 or GH-104.
The lubricant of the present invention collaborative orientation auxiliary agent, is conducive to obtaining orientation more during carbon brush molding under same briquetting pressure
Significantly carbon brush green compact, and obtain performance carbon brush green compact evenly.
Wherein, the softening point of described modified coal tar pitch is 102-108 DEG C, and fixed carbon content is 60-62%.
Wherein, described soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modification
The weight of Colophonium and lubricant is: soft carbon 45-60, spraying carbon black 5-15, Colophonium coke powder 8-15, graphite
Powder 3-8, pore creating material 0.1-3.0, help orientation auxiliary agent 0.5-3.0, modified coal tar pitch 30-33, lubricant 0.3-1.0.
Wherein, described by soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, change
Matter Colophonium and lubricant carry out mixing the temperature of extrusion process process and are 190-210 DEG C.
Wherein, the granularity of described first mixed powder is 48 μm.
Wherein, the mixing of the first described mixed powder includes:
The first mixed powder is added in the double oar mixers be preheated to 150-160 DEG C, persistently overheating and mix 60-80 and divide
Clock, when temperature rises to 190 DEG C, constant temperature mixes more than 20 minutes.
Wherein, the described temperature rolling sheet process is 150-170 DEG C, the thickness≤1.5mm of described sheet material.
Wherein, the granularity of the second described mixed powder is 74 μm.
Wherein, the second described mixed powder incorporation time is 110-130 minute, preferably 120 minutes.
Wherein, the pressure of described compacting carbon brush pressed compact is 17-19MPa, preferably 18MPa.
Higher briquetting pressure is conducive to carbon brush material composition orientation, improves anisotropy, and makes the performance of carbon brush material more
Uniformly, rupture strength is higher, reaches to improve commutation capacity, the effect of increase anti-wear performance.
Wherein, described calcination process comprises the steps:
The Colophonium char particle that thickness is 100 ± 5mm, wherein, the particle diameter of described Colophonium micelle is spread bottom stainless steel crucible
For 2-4mm；
Carbon brush pressed compact is neatly placed in stainless steel crucible；
Carbon brush pressed compact surrounding is filled the Colophonium char particle that upper thickness is 30-50mm, and jolt ramming, in stainless steel crucible top cover
Upper carbon plate, the filling thickness Colophonium char particle no less than 150mm；
Populated stainless steel crucible is placed in roaster, carries out calcination process at isolation air atmosphere.
Wherein, the maximum temperature of described calcination process is 1200 DEG C.
Wherein, described graphitization processing comprises the steps:
Dry white carbon black is mated formation bottom graphitizing furnace, compacting, wherein, described in the mat formation thickness of white carbon black be not less than 500mm；
By the carbon brush pressed compact proper alignment after roasting in graphitizing furnace, wherein, the interval between carbon brush pressed compact after roasting
It it is 3 ± 1 millimeters；
Colophonium char particle is filled between the carbon brush pressed compact after roasting and surrounding；
By carbon black filled in outermost surrounding；
Graphitizing furnace is heated up the carbon brush pressed compact after roasting is carried out graphitization processing.
Wherein, the maximum temperature of described graphitization processing is 2600-2800 DEG C.
The purpose using Colophonium char particle to fill during graphitization processing of the present invention is to increase carbon brush pressed compact graphitization mistake
Conductiving point in journey, enables carbon brush material uniformly through electric current, the effect in flow field such as reaches；Outermost layer uses white carbon black to fill out
The purpose filled be utilize insulation in the insulation heat-insulating property of carbon black and fabulous insulating properties, beneficially graphitizing process,
Insulation, makes carbon brush material graphitization reach 2800 DEG C and is smoothed out.
The inventive method has the advantage that
1, the locomotive traction motor carbon brush material of the present invention uses soft carbon to be primary raw material, is aided with spraying carbon black, enters
Lancet shape pitch coke, and add beneficially orientation and wear resistant components, it is binding agent with modified coal tar pitch, is mixed by double helix exrusion
Close, fluidized bed airflow pulverizing machine grinds, and remixes, rolls the technique such as sheet, broken, grinding, ensures material to greatest extent
The uniformity of structure.
2, the locomotive traction motor carbon brush material of the present invention adds in formula that same carbon affinity is strong, has orientation, carries
The conductive capability of high material and improve orientation auxiliary agent and the culture materials porosity, the balancing material hardness of carbon brush commutation ability
Pore creating material, make finished product carbon brush meet the requirements of locomotive traction motor carbon brush.
3, use the carbon brush that the carbon brush material of the present invention produces by using double helix exrusion mixing, fluid bed pulverizing, Colophonium
Char particle is that filler carries out the techniques such as graphitization processing, makes the overall uniformity of carbon brush material, rupture strength be greatly improved,
Be conducive to using under vibration operating mode.
4, the carbon brush briquetting pressure using the carbon brush material of the present invention to produce is up to 18MPa, is aided with pore creating material and orientation helps
Agent, not only improves the high electric current of carbon brush, improves again the degree of commutation of carbon brush, solves high commutation ability and high workload electricity
Contradiction between stream, can be effectively improved the commutation capacity of carbon brush, and commutation resistivity reaches 68-71 μ Ω Μ, work simultaneously
Make electric current density up to 18A/cm2Above.
If 5, use the present invention carbon brush material produce carbon brush do not do any post processing, its service life up to
1.28mm/ ten thousand locomotive kilometers, is the twice in conventional locomotive traction motor carbon brush service life, improves the most greatly
Motor apparent condition；After post-treated technique, service life will improve more than 60% again.
6, the carbon brush using the carbon brush material of the present invention to prepare, has conducting direction resistivity relatively low, and the resistance that commutates is bigger
Feature, be not only applicable to diesel locomotive traction electric machine but also be applicable to electric locomotive traction motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment further describe the present invention, advantages of the present invention and feature will be with describe and more
For clear.But these embodiments are only exemplary, the scope of the present invention is not constituted any restriction.Art technology
Personnel it should be understood that can be to the details of technical solution of the present invention and shape under without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Formula is modified or replaces, but these amendments and replacement each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1. prepare soft carbon powder
1-A) get the raw materials ready (kg) according to following weight proportion:
1-B) in the double oar mixing kettles be preheated to 150 DEG C, add acetylene carbon black and stearic acid, close lid mixing 20 minutes,
It is subsequently adding mid temperature pitch and coal tar, closes lid mixing 60 minutes, close power supply, obtain mixed material.
1-C) mixed material is taken out, after naturally cooling to 80 DEG C, be pressed into stock column；Wherein, the pressure of compression process
For 5MPa.
1-D) being placed in roaster by stock column, completely cut off air roasting, maximum temperature 1200 DEG C is incubated 10 hours, roasting
Curve 288 hours；Stock column after roasting is loaded in graphitizing furnace after coming out of the stove by cooling, with Colophonium char particle as filler, and energising
Quickly graphitization (can freely heat up), processes at maximum temperature 2800 DEG C and keeps 4 hours.
1-E) the stock column jaw crusher after graphitization processing is crushed to below 10mm, is subsequently placed in Raymond mill
It is ground to 74 μm, is milled to finally by fluidized bed air flow crusher (Kunshan close friend's micro jet company limited)
16μm。
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg):
2-B) mixing extrusion process
The second segment-the nine section in double helix exrusion mixer (Nanjing Cole gram extrudes Equipment Limited) material chamber is preheated to
120 DEG C, by step 2-A) in raw material at the uniform velocity join in the first paragraph material chamber of double helix exrusion mixer, continue to heat up
To 190 DEG C and carry out mix extrusion process, obtain mixed material；
2-C) milled processed for the first time
Mixed material is placed in Raymond mill pulverizing to 74 μm, is subsequently placed in fluidized bed air flow crusher pulverizing to 48 μ
m。
2-D) mixing, rolls sheet
Double oar mixers are preheated to 150 DEG C, the mixed material being crushed to 48 μm are put in double oar mixer, closes lid
Continue to heat up and mix 60 minutes, when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then maintain temperature mixing 20 minutes, be then shut off electricity
Source；Take out mixed material, on the rubber mixing machine of preheated nip roll temperature 150-170 DEG C, be carried out continuously three times and roll sheet process,
Material thickness is less than 1.5mm.
2-E) milled processed for the second time
By step 2-D) prepared tablet puts in disintegrating machine, is crushed to below 15mm, is then added in Raymond mill grind
Wear into the powder that particle diameter is 74 μm.
2-F) it is mixed, molds
Above-mentioned powder is joined after double-spiral conical mixer being mixed 120 minutes, by with ferromagnetic discharging opening
Discharge, prepare moulding powder；
Moulding powder is loaded in the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, is placed on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic presses and carries out Bidirectional pressure system,
Preparing carbon brush green billet, wherein, the pressure of compacting is 17MPa.
2-G) calcination process
The Colophonium char particle that thickness is 100 ± 5mm, wherein, the particle diameter of described Colophonium char particle is spread bottom stainless steel crucible
For 2-4mm；
Carbon brush green billet is neatly placed in stainless steel crucible；
Carbon brush green billet surrounding is filled the Colophonium char particle that upper thickness is 30-50mm, and jolt ramming, at stainless steel crucible top
Cover carbon plate, the filling thickness Colophonium char particle no less than 150mm, prevent carbon brush green billet from aoxidizing when roasting；
Being placed in roaster by populated stainless steel crucible, isolation air carries out anaerobic sintering, obtains roasting blank, its
In, under the conditions of maximum temperature 1200 DEG C, it is incubated 5 hours.
2-H) graphitization processing
Dry white carbon black is mated formation bottom graphitizing furnace, compacting, wherein, described in the mat formation thickness of white carbon black be not less than 500mm；
By roasting blank proper alignment in graphitizing furnace, wherein, it is spaced apart 3 ± 1 millimeters between roasting blank；
Colophonium char particle is filled between the carbon brush pressed compact after roasting and surrounding；
By carbon black filled in outermost surrounding；
Open graphitizing furnace power supply, use low-voltage, the heating process of big electric current that roasting blank is carried out graphitization processing,
Obtain.
Wherein, the maximum temperature of graphitization processing is 2800 DEG C, at this temperature insulation 4 hours.
The graphitizing furnace of the present invention uses high frequency switch power, primary voltage 380V, exports secondary voltage 30-70V, electricity
Stream 10000A, graphitizing process can be precisely controlled, and is substantially reduced the energy and Environmental costs, and beneficially carbon brush material
Stable, the raising of material performance.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
1. prepare soft carbon powder
Except step 1-A) get the raw materials ready (kg) according to following weight proportion:
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg):
2-B) mixing extrusion process
The second segment-the nine section in double helix exrusion mixer material chamber is preheated to 110 DEG C, by step 2-A) in raw material even
Speed joins in the first paragraph material chamber of double helix exrusion mixer, is continuously heating to 200 DEG C and carries out mixing extrusion process,
Obtain mixed material；
2-C) milled processed for the first time
Mixed material is placed in Raymond mill pulverizing to 74 μm, is subsequently placed in fluidized bed air flow crusher pulverizing to 48 μ
m。
2-D) mixing, rolls sheet
Double oar mixers are preheated to 155 DEG C, the mixed material being crushed to 48 μm are put in double oar mixer, closes lid
Continuing to heat up and mix 80 minutes, when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then constant temperature mixes 25 minutes, is then shut off power supply,
Take out mixed material, on the rubber mixing machine of preheated nip roll temperature 150-170 DEG C, be carried out continuously three times and roll sheet process, tablet
Thickness is less than 1.5mm.
2-E) milled processed for the second time
By step 2-D) prepared tablet puts in disintegrating machine, is crushed to below 15mm, is then added in Raymond mill grind
Wear into the powder that particle diameter is 74 μm.
2-F) it is mixed, molds
Above-mentioned powder is joined and double-spiral conical mixer is mixed 110 minutes, then by with ferromagnetic discharging
Mouth is discharged, and prepares moulding powder；
Moulding powder is loaded in the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, is placed on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic presses and carries out Bidirectional pressure system,
Preparing carbon brush green billet, wherein, the pressure of compacting is 18MPa.
2-G) calcination process is same as in Example 1.
2-H) graphitization processing is same as in Example 1.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
1. prepare soft carbon powder
Except step 1-A) get the raw materials ready (kg) according to following weight proportion:
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg):
2-B) mixing extrusion process
The second segment-the nine section in double helix exrusion mixer material chamber is preheated to 130 DEG C, by step 2-A) in raw material even
Speed joins in the first paragraph material chamber of double helix exrusion mixer, is continuously heating to 210 DEG C and carries out mixing extrusion process,
Obtain mixed material；
2-C) milled processed for the first time
Mixed material is placed in Raymond mill pulverizing to 74 μm, is subsequently placed in fluidized bed air flow crusher pulverizing to 48 μ
m。
2-D) mixing, rolls sheet
Double oar mixers are preheated to 160 DEG C, the mixed material being ground to 48 μm are put in double oar mixer, covers
Lid continues to heat up and mix 70 minutes, when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then maintains temperature mixing 30 minutes, then closes
Close power supply, take out mixed material, on the rubber mixing machine of preheated nip roll temperature 150-170 DEG C, be carried out continuously three times and roll at sheet
Reason, material thickness is less than 1.5mm.
2-E) milled processed for the second time
By step 2-D) prepared tablet puts in disintegrating machine, is crushed to below 15mm, is then added in Raymond mill grind
Wear into the powder that particle diameter is 74 μm.
2-F) mixing, molds
Above-mentioned powder is joined and double-spiral conical mixer mixes 130 minutes, then by with ferromagnetic discharging
Mouth is discharged, and prepares moulding powder；
Moulding powder is loaded in the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, is placed on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic presses and carries out Bidirectional pressure system,
Preparing pressed compact, wherein, the pressure of compacting is 19MPa.
2-G) calcination process is same as in Example 1.
2-H) graphitization processing is same as in Example 1.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
Except preparing step 2-A of carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 45；
Spray carbon black 8；Needle-like Colophonium coke powder 8；Graphite powder 3；Azodicarbonamide 0.1；Colophonium oxidization fiber 0.5；Stearic
Acid calcium 0.3；Outside modified coal tar pitch 32, remaining is same as in Example 1.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
Except preparing step 2-A of carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 60；
Spray carbon black 6；Needle-like Colophonium coke powder 8；Graphite powder 3；Hard resin 1.0；Class Graphene 0.2；Phthalic acid
Dibutyl ester 1.0；Outside modified coal tar pitch 32, remaining is same as in Example 2.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
Except preparing step 2-A of carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 60；
Spray carbon black 5；Needle-like Colophonium coke powder 8；Graphite powder 5；Starch 3；Carbon fiber 3；Macromolecule complex ester (G32-1) 1.0；
Outside modified coal tar pitch 30, remaining is same as in Example 3.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Reference examples
Traditional traction electric machine factory formula and technique is used to prepare carbon brush material
1, according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg):
Wherein, described white carbon black one stage, material was by acetylene carbon black/spray carbon black and mid temperature pitch and the compound of coal tar/carbolineum,
Fired, broken, pulverizing prepares, and is raw material during conventional production.
Wherein, described electrical carbon graphite refers to the crystalline graphite powder of phosphorus content 94/95%.
2) material mixes, rolls sheet
Mixer is preheated to more than 120 DEG C, in mixer, puts into spraying carbon black, white carbon black one stage material, electrical carbon successively
After graphite, close the lid, continue heat up and mix 30 minutes；Then in mixer, mid temperature pitch it is uniformly added into, lid
Upper cover, continues to heat up and mix 45 minutes, after material temperature reaches 165 DEG C, continues to close lid constant temperature and mixes 60 minutes,
Close power supply, take out mixed material；On the rubber mixing machine of preheated nip roll temperature 140-150 DEG C, it is carried out continuously three times and rolls sheet
Processing, material thickness is less than 2mm.
3) pulverize
By step 2) prepare mixture tablet crush, be placed in universal mill and grind to form the powder that granularity is 74 μm.
4) mold
Powder is loaded in the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, suppress in being placed in 315 tons of four-column hydraulic presses, prepare raw
Base, wherein, compressing pressure is 14MPa.
5) roasting, graphitization
Being loaded by pressed compact in stainless steel crucible, fill quartz sand filler, jolt ramming, isolation air carries out anaerobic sintering, wherein,
The highest sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C, at this temperature insulation 5 hours.
Being loaded in graphitizing furnace by pressed compact after roasting, roasting blank surrounding, with carbon black filled, carries out graphitization processing, i.e.
?.Wherein, graphitization processing maximum temperature is 2600-2800 DEG C, keeps 4 hours at this temperature,.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 properties of product testing result
The testing result of table 1 shows, uses locomotive traction motor carbon brush prepared by carbon brush material of the present invention, and resistivity is
48-54μΩ.m；Rupture strength >=25MPa；Commutation/conduction opposite sex ratio is 1.35-1.42；50H wear rate≤0.050mm.
Claims (10)
1. one kind for preparing the material of locomotive traction motor carbon brush, it is characterised in that includes following raw material: soft carbon
Powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch, lubricant；
Wherein, described locomotive traction motor carbon brush of preparing includes:
In a heated condition, by soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent,
Modified coal tar pitch and lubricant carry out mixing extrusion process, obtain mixed material；
It is ground mixed material processing, obtains the first mixed powder；
In a heated condition, process carrying out rolling sheet after the first mixed powder mixing, obtain sheet material；
Carry out sheet material pulverizing, milled processed, obtain the second mixed powder；
It is pressed into carbon brush pressed compact after the second mixed powder mixing；
Carbon brush pressed compact is carried out successively calcination process, graphitization processing, to obtain final product.
Material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described soft carbon powder is prepared from accordance with the following steps:
1-A) in a heated condition, by acetylene carbon black and stearic acid mix homogeneously, the first compound is obtained；
1-B) continue in a heated condition, in the first compound, add mid temperature pitch, coal tar, mix homogeneously, obtain
To the second compound；
1-C) the second compound is pressed into stock column；
1-D) stock column is carried out successively calcination process, quick graphitization processing, attrition grinding process, to obtain final product.
Material the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal
The weight of tar is: acetylene carbon black 95-105, stearic acid 0.4-0.6, mid temperature pitch 24-26, coal tar 24-26.
Material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pore creating material is starch, carbamide, azo two formyl
One or more in amine or hard resin.
Material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described orientation auxiliary agent is boron nitride, titanium dioxide, fluorine
One or more in graphite, Colophonium oxidization fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fibre or class Graphene.
Material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described lubricant be stearic acid, Metallic stearates,
One or more in phthalate, macromolecule complex ester.
Material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Colophonium coke powder is needle-like Colophonium coke powder, its granularity
It is 45 μm.
Material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described soft carbon powder, spray carbon black, Colophonium coke powder,
The weight of graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch and lubricant is: soft carbon powder 45-60,
Spray carbon black 5-15, Colophonium coke powder 8-15, graphite powder 3-8, pore creating material 0.1-3.0, orientation auxiliary agent 0.2-3.0, change
Matter Colophonium 30-33, lubricant 0.3-1.0.
Material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the granularity of described first mixed powder is 48 μm；Institute
The granularity of the second mixed powder stated is 74 μm.
Material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in be pressed into the pressure of carbon brush pressed compact be 17-19MPa.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107903063A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-13 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | The method for preparing subway collector shoe sliding block using graphene metal-impregnated carbon material |
| CN109524866A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-26 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of graphene-carbon nano-fiber enhancing copper-base graphite carbon brush for electric machine and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981482A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of metal-impregnated current collector material for subway |
| CN114956847A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Preparation method of needle coke reinforced pure carbon pantograph carbon slide plate |
| CN116835985A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-10-03 | 湖北东南佳新材料有限公司 | Carbon brush material for wiper motor and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116835985B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2024-01-16 | 湖北东南佳新材料有限公司 | Carbon brush material for wiper motor and preparation method thereof |
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